Emulsion explosive for upward hole and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an emulsion explosive for upward holes and a preparation method of the emulsion explosive. The emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 10-20 parts of water, 5-10 parts of a compound oil phase, 0.5-1.5 parts of an emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of a sensitizer, 0.1-0.5 part of an accelerant and 1-3 parts of modified polypropylene fibers, the preparation method of the emulsion explosive comprises the following steps: S1, mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare a water phase; s2, mixing and emulsifying the water phase, the compound oil phase and an emulsifier to prepare an emulsion matrix; s3, adding the modified polypropylene fiber into the emulsion matrix, and uniformly mixing through a stirring device; and S4, continuing to add a sensitizer and an accelerant for sensitization to obtain the emulsion explosive for the upward hole. The modified polypropylene fibers with different lengths are added into the emulsion matrix, so that the viscosity of the emulsion explosive is enhanced, and the problem that the emulsion explosive slides down after being loaded into the hole is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of emulsion explosives, in particular to emulsion explosives for upward holes and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Emulsion explosives for upward holes in underground mines are gradually being used underground. However, since upward holes are upwardly inclined or vertically upward holes, when charging, due to the effect of gravity, the existing emulsion explosives are easy to fall back or fall off during the filling process, thus affecting the blasting effect. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new emulsion explosive to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the technical problems existing in the background technology, the present invention proposes an emulsion explosive for upward holes and a preparation method thereof. By adding modified polypropylene fibers of different lengths into a latex matrix, the viscosity of the emulsion explosive is enhanced, thereby avoiding the problem of the emulsion explosive slipping after charging into the upward holes.

[0004] The upward hole emulsion explosive provided by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 10-20 parts of water, 5-10 parts of composite oil phase, 0.5-1.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of sensitizer, 0.1-0.5 parts of accelerator and 1-3 parts of modified polypropylene fiber.

[0005] Preferably, the emulsifier is lauramidopropyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate in a mass ratio of 2:1-4.

[0006] Preferably, the sensitizer is one or more of sodium nitrite, glass microspheres, and perlite.

[0007] Preferably, the accelerator is one or more of citric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid.

[0008] Preferably, the modified polypropylene fiber is maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber.

[0009] Preferably, the diameter of the modified polypropylene fiber is 18-48 m, the modified polypropylene fiber with a length of 5-7 mm accounts for 50-70%, and the modified polypropylene fiber with a length of 2-4 mm accounts for 30-50%.

[0010] The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive proposed by the present invention is characterized in that the method steps are as follows: S1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare an aqueous phase; S2: mixing and emulsifying the water phase, the composite oil phase and the emulsifier to prepare a latex matrix; S3: adding modified polypropylene fiber into the latex matrix and mixing evenly by a stirring device; S4: Continue to add sensitizer and promoter for sensitization to obtain emulsion explosive for upward hole.

[0011] Preferably, the stirring device includes a stirring tank, a jacket is fixedly connected to the outside of the stirring tank, and a lower stirring shaft is rotatably connected inside the stirring tank; the upper end of the lower stirring shaft is fixedly connected to a double-headed threaded screw and an upper stirring shaft in sequence, and the outer surface of the upper stirring shaft is fixedly connected to a connecting ring and a dispersion plate in sequence from top to bottom, a stirring rod with equidistant annular distribution is fixedly connected between the lower stirring shaft and the upper stirring shaft, a threaded sleeve symmetrically distributed up and down is threadedly connected to the outside of the double-headed threaded screw, stirring blades distributed equidistant annularly are fixedly connected to the outside of the threaded sleeve, a support rod distributed equidistant annularly is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting ring, a roller is rotatably connected inside the end of the support rod, and a scraper is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support rod.

[0012] Preferably, liquid inlets and outlets are provided on the upper and lower sides of the right end of the jacket, a detachable upper cover is installed on the upper end of the stirring tank, and a feeding port is provided on the upper end of the upper cover; the lower end of the lower stirring shaft is fixedly connected with a coupling and a motor in sequence, and reinforcement rods symmetrically distributed on the left and right are fixedly connected between the motor and the stirring tank.

[0013] Preferably, a discharge pipe is provided at the lower end of the stirring tank, and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe; the scraper is against the inner wall of the stirring tank, the outer surface of the roller is in contact with the inner wall of the stirring tank, and the stirring rod adopts a semicircular structure protruding outward.

[0014] Beneficial technical effects of the present invention: The invention enhances the viscosity of the emulsion explosive by adding modified polypropylene fibers of different lengths into a latex matrix, thereby avoiding the problem of slipping of the emulsion explosive after charging into a hole; the modified polypropylene fibers of the invention are maleic anhydride polypropylene fibers and are composed of fibers of different lengths, which can further enhance the viscosity of the emulsion explosive; in addition, the emulsifier of the invention is composed of lauramide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate, which can form a bonding force with the modified polypropylene fibers, thereby further enhancing the viscosity of the emulsion explosive, and lauramide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate have a synergistic promoting effect on enhancing the viscosity of the emulsion explosive.

[0015] The stirring device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of stirring and dispersing mechanisms, so that the stirring and mixing effect of each component is better, the mixing time is shortened, the working efficiency is higher, and the emulsified matrix adhering to the inner wall is scraped off so that the emulsified matrix can be fully mixed with the polypropylene short fibers, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the quality of the emulsion explosive. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stirring device proposed by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the stirring device proposed by the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second cross-sectional three-dimensional structure of the stirring device proposed by the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the stirring device proposed by the present invention after removing the upper cover; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lower stirring shaft, double-threaded lead screw and upper stirring shaft of the stirring device proposed by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0018] Reference Figure 1-5 The stirring device proposed in the present invention comprises a stirring tank 1, a jacket 2 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the stirring tank 1, and a lower stirring shaft 3 is rotatably connected inside the stirring tank 1; a double-headed threaded screw 4 and an upper stirring shaft 5 are fixedly connected to the upper end of the lower stirring shaft 3 in sequence, a connecting ring 6 and a dispersion plate 7 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the upper stirring shaft 5 from top to bottom in sequence, a stirring rod 8 with equal spacing in an annular shape is fixedly connected between the lower stirring shaft 3 and the upper stirring shaft 5, a threaded sleeve 9 symmetrically distributed up and down is threadedly connected to the outer side of the double-headed threaded screw 4, stirring blades 10 with equal spacing in an annular shape are fixedly connected to the outer side of the threaded sleeve 9, a supporting rod 11 with equal spacing in an annular shape is fixedly connected to the outer side of the connecting ring 6, a roller 12 is rotatably connected to the end of the supporting rod 11, and a scraper 13 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the supporting rod 11.

[0019] Liquid inlet and outlet ports 14 are provided on the upper and lower sides of the right end of the jacket 2, a detachable upper cover 15 is installed on the upper end of the stirring tank 1, and a feeding port 16 is provided on the upper end of the upper cover 15; a coupling 17 and a motor 18 are fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower stirring shaft 3 in sequence, and reinforcement rods 19 symmetrically distributed on the left and right are fixedly connected between the motor 18 and the stirring tank 1.

[0020] A discharge pipe 20 is provided at the lower end of the mixing tank 1, and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe 20; the scraper 13 is against the inner wall of the mixing tank 1, the outer surface of the roller 12 is in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tank 1, and the stirring rod 8 adopts a semicircular structure protruding outward.

[0021] The stirring device of the present invention is provided with a plurality of stirring and dispersing mechanisms, so that the stirring and mixing effect of each component is better, the mixing time is shortened, the working efficiency is higher, and the emulsified matrix adhering to the inner wall is scraped off so that the emulsified matrix can be fully mixed with the polypropylene short fibers, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the quality of the emulsion explosive.

[0022] When in use, the emulsified matrix is ​​poured into the stirring tank 1 through the feeding port 16 at the upper end of the upper cover 15, and the motor 18 inside the reinforcing rod 19 is started. The motor 18 works in a forward and reverse rotational manner to add the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber, and the power is transmitted to the lower stirring shaft 3 through the coupling 17. The double-headed threaded screw 4 and the upper stirring shaft 5 rotate synchronously. When the dispersion plate 7 is aligned with the feeding port 16 up and down, the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is received and dispersed in the stirring tank 1. When the dispersion plate 7 and the feeding port 16 are staggered, the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber falls directly into the stirring tank 1, and the roller 12 in the end of the supporting rod 11 outside the connecting ring 6 rolls along the inner wall of the stirring tank 1, and the scraper 13 scrapes the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene on the inner wall of the stirring tank 1. The olefin fibers and the emulsified matrix are scraped off, the stirring rod 8 stirs the emulsified matrix and the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers, and at the same time, the threaded sleeve 9 rotates outside the double-headed threaded screw 4, and the threaded sleeve 9 moves toward or relative to each other, and the stirring blade 10 further mixes the emulsified matrix and the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers, so that the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers are evenly dispersed in the emulsified matrix, and the emulsified matrix adheres to the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers, and the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers play a pulling role therein, so that the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fibers and the emulsified matrix form a micro-reinforcement structure to enhance the overall viscosity. During stirring, heating or cooling medium is supplied to the jacket 2 through the liquid inlet and outlet 14 as needed, and finally the product is discharged through the discharge pipe 20.

[0023] Example 1 The upward hole emulsion explosive provided by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 750 g of ammonium nitrate, 30 g of sodium nitrate, 150 g of water, 80 g of composite oil phase, 10 g of emulsifier, 10 g of sodium nitrite, 3 g of citric acid, and 20 g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber.

[0024] The emulsifier is a mixture of lauryl amide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate in a mass ratio of 1:1.

[0025] The diameter of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 30m, 60% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 6mm in length, and 40% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 3mm in length.

[0026] The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive proposed by the present invention is characterized in that the method steps are as follows: S1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare an aqueous phase; S2: mixing and emulsifying the water phase, the composite oil phase and the emulsifier to prepare a latex matrix; S3: adding maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber into the latex matrix and mixing evenly by a stirring device; S4: Continue to add sensitizer and promoter for sensitization to obtain emulsion explosive for upward hole.

[0027] Example 2 The upward hole emulsion explosive provided by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 700 g of ammonium nitrate, 10 g of sodium nitrate, 100 g of water, 50 g of composite oil phase, 5 g of emulsifier, 5 g of glass microspheres, 1 g of phosphoric acid, and 10 g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber.

[0028] The emulsifier is a mixture of lauryl amide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate in a mass ratio of 2:1.

[0029] The diameter of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 30m, 50% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 6mm in length, and 50% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 3mm in length.

[0030] The preparation method of the upward hole emulsion explosive proposed by the present invention is the same as that of Example 1.

[0031] Example 3 The upward hole emulsion explosive provided by the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 800 g of ammonium nitrate, 50 g of sodium nitrate, 200 g of water, 100 g of composite oil phase, 15 g of emulsifier, 15 g of perlite, 5 g of citric acid, and 30 g of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber.

[0032] The emulsifier is a mixture of lauryl amide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate in a mass ratio of 1:2.

[0033] The diameter of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 30m, 70% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 6mm in length, and 30% of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber is 3mm in length.

[0034] The preparation method of the upward hole emulsion explosive proposed by the present invention is the same as that of Example 1.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 The upward hole emulsion explosive of this scheme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 750 g of ammonium nitrate, 30 g of sodium nitrate, 150 g of water, 80 g of composite oil phase, 10 g of emulsifier, 10 g of sodium nitrite, and 3 g of citric acid. The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0036] Comparative Example 2 The upward hole emulsion explosive of this scheme comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 750g of ammonium nitrate, 30g of sodium nitrate, 150g of water, 80g of composite oil phase, 10g of emulsifier, 10g of sodium nitrite, 3g of citric acid, and 20g of polypropylene fiber. The remaining conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0037] Comparative Example 3 The emulsifiers in this solution are lauryl amide propyl betaine and , and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0038] Comparative Example 4 The emulsifier in this solution is disodium coconut oil monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0039] Comparative Example 4 The length of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber in this solution is 6 mm, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0040] Comparative Example 4 The length of the maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber in this solution is 3 mm, and the other conditions are the same as those in Example 1.

[0041] The charging effect and detonation performance of the upward holes of the emulsion explosives of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were measured, and the test results are shown in Table 1. The charging effect is to charge 50 groups of upward holes, count the number of emulsion explosives dropped in the upward holes, and calculate the drop rate.

[0042] Table 1 Effect of upward charging of emulsion explosive It can be seen from the test results of Table 1 that the present invention enhances the viscosity of the emulsion explosive by adding modified polypropylene fibers of different lengths in the latex matrix, avoiding the problem of slipping after the emulsion explosive is loaded into the hole; it can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1, 2, 5, and 6 that the modified polypropylene fiber of the present invention is maleic anhydride polypropylene fiber, and is composed of different lengths, which can further enhance the viscosity of the emulsion explosive. It can be seen from the test results of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 that the emulsifier of the present invention is composed of lauramide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate, which can form a bonding force with the modified polypropylene fiber, thereby further enhancing the viscosity of the emulsion explosive, and lauramide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate have a synergistic effect on enhancing the viscosity of the emulsion explosive.

Claims

1. An emulsion explosive for upward holes, characterized in that: The invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-80 parts of ammonium nitrate, 1-5 parts of sodium nitrate, 10-20 parts of water, 5-10 parts of composite oil phase, 0.5-1.5 parts of emulsifier, 0.5-1.5 parts of sensitizer, 0.1-0.5 parts of accelerator and 1-3 parts of modified polypropylene fiber.

2. The upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emulsifier is a compound of lauryl amide propyl betaine and disodium cocoyl monoethanolamide sulfosuccinate in a mass ratio of 2:1-4.

3. The upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensitizer is one or more of sodium nitrite, glass microspheres and perlite.

4. The upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The accelerator is one or more of citric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid.

5. The upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified polypropylene fiber is maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene fiber.

6. The upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the modified polypropylene fiber is 18-48 mm, 50-70% of the modified polypropylene fiber is 5-7 mm in length, and 30-50% of the modified polypropylene fiber is 2-4 mm in length.

7. The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1: mixing ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and water to prepare an aqueous phase; S2: mixing and emulsifying the water phase, the composite oil phase and the emulsifier to prepare a latex matrix; S3: adding modified polypropylene fiber into the latex matrix and mixing evenly by a stirring device; S4: Continue to add sensitizer and promoter for sensitization to obtain emulsion explosive for upward hole.

8. The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 7, characterized in that: The stirring device comprises a stirring tank (1), wherein the outer side of the stirring tank (1) is fixedly connected with a jacket (2), and the stirring tank (1) is rotatably connected with a lower stirring shaft (3); the upper end of the lower stirring shaft (3) is fixedly connected with a double-threaded lead screw (4) and an upper stirring shaft (5) in sequence, and the outer surface of the upper stirring shaft (5) is fixedly connected with a connecting ring (6) and a dispersing plate (7) in sequence from top to bottom; a stirring rod (8) distributed in an annular manner and at equal intervals is fixedly connected between the lower stirring shaft (3) and the upper stirring shaft (5); the outer side of the double-threaded lead screw (4) is threadedly connected with a threaded sleeve (9) symmetrically distributed up and down; the outer side of the threaded sleeve (9) is fixedly connected with stirring blades (10) distributed in an annular manner and at equal intervals; the outer side of the connecting ring (6) is fixedly connected with a support rod (11) distributed in an annular manner and at equal intervals; a roller (12) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the end of the support rod (11); and a scraper (13) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support rod (11).

9. The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 8, characterized in that: Liquid inlet and outlet ports (14) are provided on both upper and lower sides of the right end of the jacket (2); a detachable upper cover (15) is installed on the upper end of the stirring tank (1); a feed port (16) is provided on the upper end of the upper cover (15); a coupling (17) and a motor (18) are fixedly connected to the lower end of the lower stirring shaft (3) in sequence; and reinforcement rods (19) symmetrically distributed on the left and right are fixedly connected between the motor (18) and the stirring tank (1).

10. The method for preparing the upward hole emulsion explosive according to claim 8, characterized in that: A discharge pipe (20) is provided at the lower end of the stirring tank (1), and a discharge valve is installed on the discharge pipe (20); the scraper (13) abuts against the inner wall of the stirring tank (1), the outer surface of the roller (12) fits against the inner wall of the stirring tank (1), and the stirring rod (8) adopts a semicircular structure that bulges outward.

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