Alloy drill bit

Abstract

The invention provides an alloy drill bit, and belongs to the technical field of drilling tools. According to the structure, a hammer body is fixedly connected to a mandrel, a plurality of alloy hammer heads are connected to the hammer body, a transition inclined face is arranged between a main drill column and an auxiliary drill column of a drill bit body, an auxiliary inclined groove in the auxiliary drill column is connected with a main inclined groove in the main drill column, and an inclined hole is formed in the auxiliary inclined groove. A plurality of notch parts and a plurality of convex teeth are distributed on the outer edge of the front end of the drill bit body at intervals. The mechanical structure of the drill bit is improved, the structure that the hollow drill and the hammer body are mutually nested is adopted, and crushing of large-diameter gravels is facilitated; on the basis, convex teeth with diagonal planes are constructed at the front end of the drill bit, the convex teeth and the notch parts are arranged at intervals, and the sufficient shearing effect is achieved through the diagonal planes and arc-shaped tangent planes at the roots of the notch parts; and a thread groove is formed in the inner wall of the drill bit to play a role in axially guiding gravels. The drilling efficiency is fully improved, and a good drilling effect is achieved on hard rocks such as granite and basalt with the hardness larger than 150 Mpa.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to an alloy drill bit. Background Art

[0002] The drill bit is one of the core tools of drilling engineering. Whether the drill bit is suitable for the nature of the rock and its quality plays a very important role in the selection of drilling technology, especially in terms of drilling quality, drilling speed and drilling cost. The drill bit rotates under the mechanical drive, thereby driving the entire drill bit to produce centripetal movement, and breaks the rock and soil through cutting and grinding, playing the role of downward drilling. The drill bit breaks the rock and soil by the impact load generated by the drilling pressure and its own rotation.

[0003] During the drilling process, the drill bit is subjected to high-frequency impact loads and is subject to multiple composite stresses such as torsion, bending, tension, and compression. It is also subject to wear and corrosion from working media such as rock, rock powder, and mineral water in a high-speed rotating collision environment. The alloy drill bit is named after the cemented carbide material. Compared with conventional drill bits, the alloy drill bit has higher strength and drilling ability. In the prior art, alloy drill bits are divided into four types: integral alloy drill bits, alloy indexable insert drill bits, welded alloy drill bits, and replaceable alloy crown drill bits. Among them, the integral alloy drill bit does not have welded alloy units, but is made of cemented carbide throughout the body. Therefore, it has the largest scope of application and is the most widely used. However, the drilling effect of the integral alloy drill bit on hard rock is generally poor. The hardness of the rock layer itself and the gravel produced by drilling both affect the drilling process. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to design an alloy drill bit with better hard rock drilling effect.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The alloy drill bit comprises a main shaft, a threaded sleeve, a lock nut, a drill body, a core shaft, a hammer body, an alloy hammer head, a chuck, a bearing plate, a limit ring, a main drill column, a secondary drill column, a transition bevel, a main bevel groove, a secondary bevel groove, an inclined hole, a notch, a convex tooth, a bevel section, an arc section, and a threaded groove, wherein a threaded sleeve is provided at the end of the main shaft, the rear end of the drill body is inserted into the threaded sleeve and fixed to the threaded sleeve by a chuck, the lock nut is sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve and fixed with the threaded sleeve on the outside of the drill body, the limit ring located on the outside of the drill body abuts against the port of the threaded sleeve, and a bearing is provided on the main shaft and located inside the threaded sleeve A disk is provided on the supporting disk, a core shaft is fixedly connected to the core shaft, a hammer body is connected to the hammer body, a plurality of alloy hammer heads are connected to the hammer body, the drill bit body comprises a main drill column located at the front part thereof and an auxiliary drill column located at the rear part thereof, a transition inclined surface is provided between the main drill column and the auxiliary drill column, a main inclined groove is provided on the main drill column, an auxiliary inclined groove is provided on the auxiliary drill column, the auxiliary inclined groove is connected to the main inclined groove, an inclined hole is provided on the auxiliary inclined groove, a plurality of notches and a plurality of convex teeth are distributed at intervals on the outer edge of the front end of the drill bit body, a beveled surface is provided on the edge of the convex tooth, an arc-shaped section is provided at the root of the notch, and a threaded groove is provided on the inner wall of the drill bit body.

[0006] Preferably, the extending direction of the inclined hole is at an angle of 30° to 35° with the axis of the drill body, the edge of the inclined hole is a cutting edge, and a plurality of inclined holes are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the auxiliary drill string.

[0007] Preferably, the depth of the main inclined groove is not greater than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness of the main drill string; the depth of the main inclined groove gradually decreases in the extending direction from the front end to the rear end of the drill bit body.

[0008] Preferably, the edge of the main chute is a blade portion.

[0009] Preferably, the front end of the thread groove extends backward from the arc-shaped section, and the rear end of the thread groove is located on the inner wall of the auxiliary drill string.

[0010] Preferably, the hammer body includes four auxiliary hammers, which are respectively located at four vertex positions of a regular tetrahedron, and a plurality of alloy hammer heads are fixedly connected to the side ends of the auxiliary hammers.

[0011] Preferably, a keyway is provided on the carrier plate, and a shaft key is provided on the core shaft, and the shaft key cooperates with the keyway.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes a base, a support ring, a support leg, and a fixed arm, wherein the main shaft is rotatably connected to the base, a plurality of cylinder bodies are provided at the bottom end of the base, a support ring is provided at the end of the cylinder body, the drill bit body is located at the axial position of the support ring, a plurality of fixed arms are provided on the support ring, and a support leg is provided on the fixed arm.

[0013] Preferably, the supporting foot comprises a wedge head and a positioning wheel, and when the alloy drill bit is working, the wedge head is wedged into the rock wall.

[0014] Preferably, at least six fixing arms are provided, and the fixing arms are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the support ring.

[0015] In the above technical scheme, the spindle is used to drive the drill body to rotate, thereby achieving the drilling effect; the threaded sleeve is located at the front end of the spindle and is an integrated structure with the spindle. The threaded sleeve is plugged into the rear of the drill body and is fixed with a chuck, thereby achieving the fixation of the drill body and the spindle. At the same time, the lock nut is threadedly locked with the outside of the drill body to further ensure the reliability of the fastening; the limit ring is used to limit the relative position between the drill body and the threaded sleeve. The bearing plate in the threaded sleeve is used to set the mandrel. The hammer body at the front end of the mandrel rotates inside the drill body to crush the gravel that bounces into the drill body during the drilling process. The alloy hammer head is a wear-resistant part. In the structure of the drill bit body, the main drill string and the auxiliary drill string are both tubular structures, and the two are connected by a transition bevel to form an integral structure; the main bevel and the auxiliary bevel are connected to form an integral bevel, which extends along the spiral direction on the outer wall of the drill bit body, and has an axial pushing effect on the crushed stone. Moreover, the edge of the bevel and the edge of the inclined hole are both cutting edges, which can further achieve a crushing effect; several notches at the front end of the drill bit body form convex teeth, which are in direct contact with the rock wall, and drilling is achieved under the action of external mechanical pressure. The beveled surface and the arc-shaped section at the root of the notch have a cutting effect on the rock wall, ensuring the drilling efficiency; the threaded groove on the inner wall of the drill bit body helps to guide the crushed stone to the hammer body.

[0016] In the preferred technical solution, a usage state of the alloy drill bit of the present invention is given: the base is used to respectively carry the main shaft and the driving mechanism, thereby providing power for the main shaft; the support ring and the base are connected by an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, which can control the relative position between the drill body and the support legs to realize the feeding movement of the drill body; a plurality of support legs installed on the outer periphery of the support ring by a fixed arm are in contact with the rock and soil to play a supporting role.

[0017] The present invention provides an alloy drill bit. The technical solution improves the mechanical structure of the drill bit, adopts a structure in which a hollow drill and a hammer body are nested with each other, which is conducive to the crushing of large-diameter gravel; on this basis, a convex tooth with a beveled surface is constructed at the front end of the drill bit, which is arranged at intervals with the notch part, and the beveled surface and the arc-shaped surface at the root of the notch part are used to achieve a full shearing effect; and a thread groove is arranged on the inner wall of the drill bit to play an axial guiding role for the gravel. The present invention fully improves the drilling efficiency and has a good drilling effect on hard rocks with a hardness greater than 150Mpa such as granite and basalt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of the present invention as a whole observed from a perspective; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the present invention as a whole observed from another perspective; Figure 3It is a partial structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the interior of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a usage state diagram of the present invention; In the figure: 1. Spindle; 2. Threaded sleeve; 3. Lock nut; 4. Drill body; 5. Mandrel; 6. Hammer; 7. Alloy hammer head; 8. Chuck; 9. Carrier plate; 10. Limit ring; 11. Main drill column; 12. Auxiliary drill column; 13. Transition slope; 14. Main bevel groove; 15. Auxiliary bevel groove; 16. Oblique hole; 17. Notch; 18. Convex teeth; 19. Bevel section; 20. Arc section; 21. Threaded groove; 22. Base; 23. Support ring; 24. Support foot; 25. Fixed arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. In order to avoid too much unnecessary details, the well-known structures or functions will not be described in detail in the following examples. The approximate language used in the following examples can be used for quantitative expression, indicating that the quantity can be allowed to have a certain change without changing the basic function. Unless otherwise defined, the technical and scientific terms used in the following examples have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0020] Example 1 Alloy drill bits, such as Figure 1~Figure 4As shown, it includes a main shaft 1, a threaded sleeve 2, a lock nut 3, a drill body 4, a core shaft 5, a hammer body 6, an alloy hammer head 7, a chuck 8, a bearing plate 9, a limit ring 10, a main drill column 11, a secondary drill column 12, a transition bevel 13, a main bevel groove 14, a secondary bevel groove 15, an inclined hole 16, a notch 17, a convex tooth 18, a beveled surface 19, an arcuate section 20, and a threaded groove 21, wherein a threaded sleeve 2 is provided at the end of the main shaft 1, the rear end of the drill body 4 is inserted into the threaded sleeve 2 and is clamped with the threaded sleeve 2 through the chuck 8, the lock nut 3 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve 2 and is fixed with the thread on the outside of the drill body 4, the limit ring 10 located on the outside of the drill body 4 abuts against the port of the threaded sleeve 2, and a bearing plate 9 is provided on the main shaft 1 and located inside the threaded sleeve 2. A core shaft 5 is arranged on the carrier plate 9, a hammer body 6 is fixedly connected to the core shaft 5, and a plurality of alloy hammer heads 7 are connected to the hammer body 6. The drill body 4 includes a main drill column 11 located at the front part thereof and an auxiliary drill column 12 located at the rear part thereof, a transition inclined surface 13 is arranged between the main drill column 11 and the auxiliary drill column 12, a main inclined groove 14 is arranged on the main drill column 11, and an auxiliary inclined groove 15 is arranged on the auxiliary drill column 12, the auxiliary inclined groove 15 is connected with the main inclined groove 14, and an inclined hole 16 is arranged on the auxiliary inclined groove 15, a plurality of notches 17 and a plurality of convex teeth 18 are distributed at intervals on the outer edge of the front end of the drill body 4, a beveled surface 19 is arranged on the edge of the convex tooth 18, an arc-shaped section 20 is arranged at the root of the notch 17, and a threaded groove 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill body 4.

[0021] In the above technical solution, the spindle 1 is used to drive the drill body 4 to rotate, thereby achieving the drilling effect; the threaded sleeve 2 is located at the front end of the spindle 1 and is an integral structure with the spindle 1. The threaded sleeve 2 is plugged into the rear of the drill body 4 and is clamped by the chuck 8, thereby achieving the fixation of the drill body 4 and the spindle 1. At the same time, the lock nut 3 is threadedly locked with the outside of the drill body 4 to further ensure the reliability of the fastening; the limit ring 10 is used to limit the relative position between the drill body 4 and the threaded sleeve 2. The bearing plate 9 in the threaded sleeve 2 is used to set the core shaft 5. The hammer body 6 at the front end of the core shaft 5 rotates inside the drill body 4 to crush the gravel that bounces into the drill body 4 during the drilling process. The alloy hammer head 7 is a wear-resistant part. In the structure of the drill body 4, the main drill string 11 and the auxiliary drill string 12 are both tubular structures, and the two are connected by a transition bevel 13 to form an integral structure; the main bevel 14 and the auxiliary bevel 15 are connected to form an integral bevel, which extends along the spiral line direction on the outer wall of the drill body 4, and has an axial pushing effect on the crushed stone. Moreover, the edge of the bevel and the edge of the inclined hole 16 are both blade parts, which can further achieve a crushing effect; a number of notches 17 at the front end of the drill body 4 form convex teeth 18, which are in direct contact with the rock wall and achieve drilling under the action of external mechanical pressure. The beveled surface 19 and the arc-shaped section 20 at the root of the notch 17 have a cutting effect on the rock wall, ensuring the drilling efficiency; the threaded groove 21 on the inner wall of the drill body 4 helps to guide the crushed stone to the hammer body 6.

[0022] Example 2 Alloy drill bits, such as Figure 1~Figure 5 As shown, it includes a main shaft 1, a threaded sleeve 2, a lock nut 3, a drill body 4, a core shaft 5, a hammer body 6, an alloy hammer head 7, a chuck 8, a bearing plate 9, a limit ring 10, a main drill column 11, a secondary drill column 12, a transition bevel 13, a main bevel groove 14, a secondary bevel groove 15, an inclined hole 16, a notch 17, a convex tooth 18, a beveled surface 19, an arcuate section 20, and a threaded groove 21, wherein a threaded sleeve 2 is provided at the end of the main shaft 1, the rear end of the drill body 4 is inserted into the threaded sleeve 2 and is clamped with the threaded sleeve 2 through the chuck 8, the lock nut 3 is sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve 2 and is fixed with the thread on the outside of the drill body 4, the limit ring 10 located on the outside of the drill body 4 abuts against the port of the threaded sleeve 2, and a bearing plate 9 is provided on the main shaft 1 and located inside the threaded sleeve 2. A core shaft 5 is arranged on the carrier plate 9, a hammer body 6 is fixedly connected to the core shaft 5, and a plurality of alloy hammer heads 7 are connected to the hammer body 6. The drill body 4 includes a main drill column 11 located at the front part thereof and an auxiliary drill column 12 located at the rear part thereof, a transition inclined surface 13 is arranged between the main drill column 11 and the auxiliary drill column 12, a main inclined groove 14 is arranged on the main drill column 11, and an auxiliary inclined groove 15 is arranged on the auxiliary drill column 12, the auxiliary inclined groove 15 is connected with the main inclined groove 14, and an inclined hole 16 is arranged on the auxiliary inclined groove 15, a plurality of notches 17 and a plurality of convex teeth 18 are distributed at intervals on the outer edge of the front end of the drill body 4, a beveled surface 19 is arranged on the edge of the convex tooth 18, an arc-shaped section 20 is arranged at the root of the notch 17, and a threaded groove 21 is arranged on the inner wall of the drill body 4.

[0023] Among them, the extending direction of the inclined hole 16 is at an angle of 30°~35° with the axis of the drill body 4, the edge of the inclined hole 16 is a cutting edge, and a plurality of inclined holes 16 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the auxiliary drill string 12. The depth of the main inclined groove 14 is not more than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness of the main drill string 11; the depth of the main inclined groove 14 gradually decreases in the extending direction from the front end to the rear end of the drill body 4. The edge of the main inclined groove 14 is a cutting edge. The front end of the thread groove 21 extends backward from the arc section 20, and the rear end of the thread groove 21 is located on the inner wall of the auxiliary drill string 12. The hammer body 6 includes four auxiliary hammers, and the four auxiliary hammers are respectively located at the four vertex positions of a regular tetrahedron, and a plurality of alloy hammer heads 7 are fixedly connected to the side ends of the auxiliary hammers. A keyway is provided on the carrier plate 9, and a shaft key is provided on the core shaft 5, and the shaft key and the keyway cooperate with each other. It also includes a base 22, a support ring 23, a support leg 24, and a fixed arm 25, wherein the main shaft 1 is rotatably connected to the base 22, a plurality of cylinders are provided at the bottom end of the base 22, a support ring 23 is provided at the end of the cylinder, the drill body 4 is located at the axial position of the support ring 23, a plurality of fixed arms 25 are provided on the support ring 23, and a support leg 24 is provided on the fixed arm 25. The support leg 24 includes a wedge head and a positioning wheel, and when the alloy drill bit is working, the wedge head is wedged into the rock wall. At least six fixed arms 25 are provided, and each fixed arm 25 is evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the support ring 23. This embodiment provides a usage state of the alloy drill bit of the present invention: the base 22 is used to carry the main shaft 1 and the driving mechanism respectively, thereby providing power for the main shaft 1; the support ring 23 and the base 22 are connected by an electric cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder, which can control the relative position between the drill body 4 and the support legs 24 to realize the feeding movement of the drill body 4; a plurality of support legs 24 installed on the outer periphery of the support ring 23 by the fixed arm 25 are in contact with the rock and soil to play a supporting role.

[0024] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above, but the contents are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the scope of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Alloy drill bit, characterized by The drill bit comprises a main shaft (1), a threaded sleeve (2), a lock nut (3), a drill body (4), a mandrel (5), a hammer body (6), an alloy hammer head (7), a chuck (8), a bearing plate (9), a stop ring (10), a main drill column (11), an auxiliary drill column (12), a transition bevel (13), a main bevel groove (14), an auxiliary bevel groove (15), an inclined hole (16), a notch (17), a convex tooth (18), a beveled surface (19), an arcuate surface (20), a threaded sleeve (21), a lock nut (3), a drill bit ...11), a lock nut (3), a drill bit body (4), a mandrel (5), a hammer body (6), a hammer head (7), a The groove (21) comprises a threaded sleeve (2) at the end of the main shaft (1), the rear end of the drill body (4) is inserted into the threaded sleeve (2) and is fixed to the threaded sleeve (2) by a chuck (8), a lock nut (3) is sleeved on the outside of the threaded sleeve (2) and is fixed to the threaded sleeve (2) by a threaded connection on the outside of the drill body (4), a limiting ring (10) located on the outside of the drill body (4) abuts against the end of the threaded sleeve (2), and a position on the main shaft (1) and located inside the threaded sleeve (2) is provided. A support plate (9) is provided on the support plate (9), a mandrel (5) is fixedly connected to the mandrel (5), a hammer body (6) is connected to the hammer body (6), a plurality of alloy hammer heads (7) are connected to the hammer body (6), a drill head body (4) comprises a main drill string (11) located at the front part thereof and an auxiliary drill string (12) located at the rear part thereof, a transition inclined surface (13) is provided between the main drill string (11) and the auxiliary drill string (12), a main inclined groove (14) is provided on the main drill string (11), and a main inclined groove (15) is provided on the auxiliary drill string (12). A secondary bevel groove (15) is provided on the drill head (12), the secondary bevel groove (15) is connected to the main bevel groove (14), an oblique hole (16) is provided on the secondary bevel groove (15), a plurality of notches (17) and a plurality of convex teeth (18) are arranged at intervals on the outer edge of the front end of the drill head body (4), a beveled surface (19) is provided on the edge of the convex teeth (18), an arcuate surface (20) is provided at the root of the notch (17), and a threaded groove (21) is provided on the inner wall of the drill head body (4).

2. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The extending direction of the inclined hole (16) is at an angle of 30° to 35° with the axis of the drill bit body (4), the edge of the inclined hole (16) is a cutting edge, and a plurality of inclined holes (16) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the auxiliary drill string (12).

3. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The depth of the main inclined groove (14) is no greater than 1 / 2 of the wall thickness of the main drill string (11); and the depth of the main inclined groove (14) gradually decreases in the extending direction from the front end to the rear end of the drill bit body (4).

4. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge of the main chute (14) is a blade portion.

5. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the thread groove (21) extends backward from the arc-shaped section (20), and the rear end of the thread groove (21) is located on the inner wall of the auxiliary drill column (12).

6. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer body (6) comprises four auxiliary hammers, the four auxiliary hammers are respectively located at four vertex positions of a regular tetrahedron, and a plurality of alloy hammer heads (7) are fixedly connected to the side ends of the auxiliary hammers.

7. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: A keyway is provided on the carrier plate (9), and a shaft key is provided on the core shaft (5), wherein the shaft key cooperates with the keyway.

8. The alloy drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drill bit (4) further comprises a base (22), a support ring (23), a support leg (24), and a fixed arm (25), wherein the main shaft (1) is rotatably connected to the base (22), a plurality of cylinder bodies are provided at the bottom end of the base (22), a support ring (23) is provided at the end of the cylinder body, the drill bit body (4) is located at the axial position of the support ring (23), a plurality of fixed arms (25) are provided on the support ring (23), and a support leg (24) is provided on the fixed arm (25).

9. The alloy drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: The support foot (24) comprises a wedge head and a positioning wheel. When the alloy drill bit is working, the wedge head is wedged into the rock wall.

10. The alloy drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: At least six fixed arms (25) are provided, and the fixed arms (25) are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction on the support ring (23).

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