High-impact PDC (Polycrystalline Diamond Compact) drill bit for gravel-containing stratum

Abstract

The high-impact-resistance PDC drill bit for the gravel-containing stratum belongs to the technical field of drill bits and comprises a base, a threaded connecting base is integrally arranged at the rear end of the base, a drill bit body is integrally arranged at the front end of the base, a plurality of blades are formed on the surface of the drill bit body through cutting of a cutting device, and a plurality of mounting groove bodies are formed in the positions, close to the front end of the blade, of each blade. Main cutting teeth are fixedly installed in each installation groove body, a drilling fluid conveying channel is formed in the threaded connection base, a plurality of spraying holes communicated with the drilling fluid conveying channel are formed in the drill bit body, and the threaded connection base is in a circular truncated cone shape. The impact resistance and wear resistance of the PDC drill bit in gravel-containing stratums are remarkably improved, the service life of the drill bit is prolonged, the drilling efficiency of the drill bit and the well wall quality are improved, impact in the drilling process is reduced, the PDC drill bit is suitable for drilling operation of various gravel-containing stratums, and the drilling cost can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, in particular to a high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations. Background Art

[0002] PDC drill bit is the abbreviation of polycrystalline diamond composite drill bit, which is a drilling tool commonly used in the geological drilling industry. The composite drill bit for petroleum exploration is mainly used as a drill bit in oil and gas fields. At present, the composite drill bit for oil fields is the most expensive and demanding of all composite drill bits.

[0003] The current PDC drill bit has poor impact resistance and wear resistance in gravel-containing formations, which shortens the service life of the drill bit, reduces the drilling efficiency and well wall quality of the drill bit, and is difficult to apply to drilling operations in various gravel-containing formations, resulting in high drilling costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel formations, comprising: a base, a threaded connection seat is integrally provided at the rear end of the base, and a drill body is integrally provided at the front end of the base, a plurality of blades are formed on the surface of the drill body by cutting with a cutting device, a plurality of mounting slots are provided on each blade near the front end thereof, and a main cutting tooth is fixedly installed in each mounting slot, wherein:

[0007] A drilling fluid delivery channel is provided in the threaded connection seat, and a plurality of spray holes connected with the drilling fluid delivery channel are provided on the drill bit body.

[0008] The above-mentioned high-impact resistant PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the threaded connection seat is truncated cone-shaped, and the diameter of one end of the threaded connection seat connected to the base is larger than the diameter of the other end thereof, a plurality of blades are arranged circumferentially around the drill bit body at equal angles, each blade has an arc-shaped recessed portion near the middle position on the side away from the main cutting tooth, and a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth are fixedly installed on the outer side of each blade near the rear end thereof, the base, the threaded connection seat and the drill bit body are all made of alloy steel, and the surface is carburized to improve its impact resistance and wear resistance, the main cutting tooth and the auxiliary cutting tooth are both made of high-impact resistant polycrystalline diamond composite sheet PDC, the thickness of the diamond layer is 1.5-2.5 mm, the matrix is ​​cemented carbide, and has high wear resistance and impact resistance.

[0009] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the relationship between the diameter d of the spray hole and the flow rate v of the drilling fluid satisfies the following formula:

[0010]

[0011] Among them, Q is the flow rate of drilling fluid, k is the proportionality coefficient, the value range is 0.8-1.2, G is the gravel particle size, μ is the viscosity of drilling fluid, and α is calibrated based on experimental data and the value range is 0.1-0.3.

[0012] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the relationship between the installation angle θ of the main cutting teeth and the hardness H of the formation satisfies the following formula:

[0013]

[0014] Among them, k1 is the correction coefficient, the value range is 50-100, S is the fatigue strength of the drill material, F is the impact load of the drill, and the parameter β can be set differently according to the drill material type (such as cemented carbide / PDC), and the value range is 0.05~0.15.

[0015] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the relationship between the number N of blades and the diameter D of the drill bit body satisfies the following formula:

[0016]

[0017] Wherein, k1 is a correction coefficient, and its value range is 50-100, σ is the formation compressive strength, ω is the drill bit speed, and γ is calibrated based on the vibration suppression experiment (such as γ=0.05-0.15).

[0018] In the above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, the relationship between the installation height h of the auxiliary cutting teeth and the installation height H of the main cutting teeth 404 satisfies the following formula:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, k3 is the height difference coefficient, with a value range of 10-20, Η is the rock chip crushing efficiency, δ is the cutting force fluctuation coefficient, with a value range of 1.0-3.0, and the parameter ∈ is obtained through machine learning model training, with a value range of 0.02-0.10, which is used to improve the level of intelligence.

[0021] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the front end of each blade is provided with a wear-resistant coating, and the wear-resistant coating is made of a mixture of 2 parts by weight of tungsten carbide and 1 part by weight of cobalt, with a thickness of 0.2-0.5mm, so as to enhance the wear resistance of the front end of the blade.

[0022] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the surfaces of the main cutting teeth and the auxiliary cutting teeth are provided with nano-scale diamond coatings, and the thickness of the coatings is 50-100 nanometers, so as to further improve the wear resistance and impact resistance of the cutting teeth.

[0023] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the outer surface of the drill bit body is provided with multiple cooling channels, the cooling channels are connected to the spray holes, the cooling channels are located between two adjacent blades, and the cooling channels are used to cool the drill bit body through the flow of drilling fluid to prevent overheating.

[0024] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the thickness of the blade gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end to form a streamlined structure to reduce fluid resistance during drilling and improve drilling efficiency.

[0025] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the cutting device includes a cutting chamber, a connecting plate is fixedly installed in the cutting chamber, a cross slide is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the connecting plate, a convex disc is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the moving block of the cross slide, a ball bearing is set on the outer surface of the convex disc, a conversion mechanism is set on the outer surface of the ball bearing, the conversion mechanism is hexagonal, and a cutting mechanism is detachably installed on each side, so that the conversion mechanism can drive different cutting mechanisms on each side to cut the workpiece into a high-impact PDC drill bit body by rotation, and the workpiece to be cut is clamped in a chuck, and the chuck is rotatably installed at one end of the cutting chamber.

[0026] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: a first protective cover is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber, a second protective cover is slidably installed on the outer surface of the first protective cover, and the second protective cover is fixedly installed at one end of the transverse slide of the cross slide, so that when the cross slide drives the conversion mechanism and the cutting mechanism on the upper surface to move laterally, the cross slide can push the second protective cover to slide on the outer surface of the first protective cover, so that the first protective cover and the second protective cover can always cover the outer surface of the slide rail of the cross slide.

[0027] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: two sets of closed doors are slidably installed at one end of the cutting chamber, and the connecting plate, the first protective cover and the second protective cover are all inclined at 45 degrees, so that the first protective cover and the second protective cover can guide the cut metal debris into the push port through the inclination, and the push port is opened between the lowest point of the connecting plate and the cutting chamber.

[0028] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: a storage chamber is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber, the storage chamber is connected to the push port, a spiral conveying blade is rotatably installed in the push port, the spiral conveying blade is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor, the first motor is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber, so that the spiral conveying blade can be driven by the first motor to rotate in the push port, so that the spiral conveying blade can push the metal debris that slides into the push port into the storage chamber for centralized storage, a guide plate is fixedly installed at one end of the storage chamber, and a closing cover is slidably installed in the guide plate, so that the closing cover can slide to cover and unfold the outlet of the storage chamber.

[0029] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the conversion mechanism includes a hexagonal disk, the hexagonal disk is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the ball bearing, the upper surface of the hexagonal disk is provided with a circular opening, a gear ring is fixedly mounted in the circular opening, the gear ring is meshed with a gear, the gear is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output shaft of the second motor, the second motor is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the convex disk, a top cover is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the hexagonal disk, the top cover covers the upper end of the circular opening, the hexagonal disk can be driven to rotate on the outer surface of the ball bearing through the gear ring meshing with the gear, and the hexagonal disk can drive the cutting mechanism disassembled and installed on the outer surface to rotate.

[0030] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: the cutting mechanism includes a connecting seat, the connecting seat is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the hexagonal disk, one end of the connecting seat is provided with an insertion port, an insertion block is slidably inserted into the insertion port, and a cutting blade is fixedly installed at one end of the insertion block.

[0031] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: a rotating ring is provided in the insertion port, a rotating disk is rotatably installed in the rotating ring, a first semi-cylinder is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the rotating disk, the first semi-cylinder can be slidably inserted into the annular groove through the docking port and spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder, the annular groove is provided on the insertion block, the docking port is provided at one end of the insertion block and is connected with the annular groove, a limiting ring is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the second semi-cylinder, the second semi-cylinder is rotatably installed in the annular groove through the limiting ring, so that the first semi-cylinder can be spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder in the annular groove into a complete cylindrical shape, and then the first semi-cylinder can be driven by the rotating handle in the annular groove to drive the second semi-cylinder to rotate 90 degrees, and the first semi-cylinder after rotation can prevent the insertion block from being pulled out of the insertion port, and the rotating handle is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rotating disk;

[0032] Wherein, two groups and one group of blocking pieces are fixedly mounted on the upper surfaces of the rotating handle and the connecting seat respectively, thereby limiting the rotating handle to rotate only 90°.

[0033] The above-mentioned high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, wherein: a torsion spring is fixedly installed in the rotating ring, and the inner ring of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the turntable, so that the torsion spring can apply a torsional force to the turntable, which can prevent the first semi-cylinder from rotating due to the vibration force of cutting to release the limiting force on the insertion block.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] 1. The present invention significantly improves the impact resistance and wear resistance of PDC drill bits in gravel-containing formations by optimizing the drill bit structure, prolongs the service life of the drill bit, improves the drilling efficiency and well wall quality of the drill bit, reduces the impact during the drilling process, is suitable for drilling operations in various gravel-containing formations, can effectively reduce drilling costs, and improve drilling efficiency.

[0036] 2. Through the design of the cutting chamber, chuck, first protective cover, second protective cover, cross slide, first motor, spiral conveyor blade, conversion mechanism and cutting mechanism, when making PDC drill bits, the workpiece can be clamped in the chuck, and then the conversion mechanism can switch the tools in the cutting mechanism according to the set program for rotation. After the required tool is selected, the program can drive the rotated tool to cut the workpiece through the cross slide, and the required tool can be quickly rotated to the required tool through the conversion mechanism during the cutting process, which greatly improves the flexibility of processing, so that when making PDC drill bits, according to different processing procedures, such as drilling, reaming, finishing, etc., suitable tools can be quickly selected to meet various processing requirements, which helps to shorten the entire PDC drill bit production cycle and improve production efficiency. In large-scale production, The production cost is effectively reduced, and the cross slide will drive the second protective cover to slide on the outer surface of the first protective cover during the lateral movement, so that the first protective cover and the second protective cover can always cover the outer surface of the slide rail of the cross slide, and the first protective cover and the second protective cover are both inclined at 45°, so that the first protective cover and the second protective cover can guide the cut metal debris into the push port by inclination, and the spiral conveying blade in the push port will be driven to rotate by the first motor, so that the rotating spiral conveying blade can push the metal debris in the push port into the storage room for centralized storage, which enables the metal debris to be collected in an orderly manner, avoids the metal debris from being scattered around the working area, keeps the working environment clean, reduces the difficulty and workload of cleaning work, and also reduces the potential harm of metal debris to operators.

[0037] 3. Through the design of the hexagonal plate, gear, gear ring and the second motor, during the PDC drill bit cutting process, the second motor can be started to drive the gear to engage the gear ring to drive the hexagonal plate to rotate on the outer surface of the ball bearing, so that the hexagonal plate can drive different cutting tools fixed on the outer surface to rotate, and the hexagonal plate can realize the rotation of the cutting tools through the mutual cooperation with the cross slide. This cooperation mode enables the equipment to adapt to different cutting needs and can switch different types of tools to complete different cutting tasks, so that the equipment has multi-functional processing capabilities to meet the complex PDC drill bit cutting requirements. Since the tool rotation can be carried out quickly, during the PDC drill bit cutting process, when different tools are needed for cutting at different stages, it can quickly switch to the appropriate tool, which can reduce the pause time in the cutting process, improve the overall cutting efficiency, and thus shorten the processing time of the PDC drill bit.

[0038] 4. Through the design of the connecting seat, the insertion port, the cutting tool, the insertion block, the second semi-cylinder, the first semi-cylinder and the torsion spring, when the cutting tool is replaced, the staff can drive the first semi-cylinder on the lower surface of the turntable to rotate in the annular groove of the insertion block by twisting the handle, so that the first semi-cylinder can drive the second semi-cylinder rotatably installed in the annular groove to rotate together, until the first semi-cylinder drives the second semi-cylinder to rotate 90° in the annular groove, so that the first semi-cylinder can be flush with the docking interface opened at one end of the annular groove, thereby releasing the lock of the insertion block, allowing the staff to pull the tool to pull the insertion block out of the insertion port of the connecting seat, and in the process of twisting the handle, the turntable will drive the torsion spring to rotate, so that the torsion spring can apply a resetting rotational force to the handle, which can then be used by the staff The staff inserts the insertion block of the cutting tool that needs to be replaced into the insertion port, and the first semi-cylinder rotating in the insertion port can be slid into the annular groove and spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder through the docking port opened at one end of the insertion block. The staff can then release the torsion of the turning handle, and the turning handle can be rotated and reset by the torsion force applied by the twisting spring, so that the first semi-cylinder can be driven in the annular groove and drive the second semi-cylinder to rotate 90°, and the rotated first semi-cylinder can block the docking port to prevent the insertion block from being pulled out of the insertion port, and the locking and unlocking of the insertion block can be achieved through the simple operation of twisting the turning handle. The operation process is relatively simple, and the staff does not need to use complicated tools or perform cumbersome steps to disassemble and install the cutting tool, saving time in disassembling and replacing the tool. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a high impact resistant PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the cutting device of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first protective cover and the second protective cover of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cross slide of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push port of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spiral conveying blade of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the conversion mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connecting seat and the plug-in block of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cutting mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.11 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first semi-cylinder and the second semi-cylinder spliced ​​together according to the present invention.

[0050] In the figure: 1. cutting chamber; 101. guide plate; 102. closing cover; 103. closing door; 104. chuck; 105. first protective cover; 106. second protective cover; 107. cross slide; 108. push port; 109. storage chamber; 110. first motor; 111. spiral conveying blade; 112. connecting plate; 113. convex plate; 114. ball bearing; 2. conversion mechanism; 201. hexagonal plate; 202. top cover; 203. gear; 204. gear ring; 205. second motor; 206. round port; 3. cutting Cutting mechanism; 301, connecting seat; 302, insertion port; 303, cutting knife; 304, insertion block; 305, second semi-cylinder; 306, limit ring; 307, ring groove; 308, docking port; 309, handle; 310, turntable; 311, first semi-cylinder; 312, twist spring; 313, swivel; 4, base; 401, threaded connecting seat; 402, drill body; 403, blade; 404, main cutting tooth; 405, auxiliary cutting tooth; 406, arc-shaped recessed portion; 407, mounting slot; 408, spray hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] Example 1

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations, including: a base 4, a threaded connection seat 401 is integrally provided at the rear end of the base 4, and a drill body 402 is integrally provided at the front end of the base 4, and a surface of the drill body 402 is cut by a cutting device to form a plurality of blades 403, and each blade wing 403 is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves 407 near its front end, and a main cutting tooth 404 is fixedly installed in each mounting groove 407.

[0054] In order to facilitate the introduction of drilling fluid, a drilling fluid delivery channel is opened in the threaded connection seat 401, and a number of spray holes 408 connected to the drilling fluid delivery channel are opened on the drill bit body 402. The spray angle of the spray hole 408 is 20°, ensuring that the drilling fluid can effectively cool the main cutting teeth 404 and remove rock cuttings.

[0055] The rear rake angle of the main cutting tooth 404 is 15°, and the side rake angle is 10°, so as to optimize the stress state of the main cutting tooth 404 and reduce the influence of the impact load on the main cutting tooth 404 .

[0056] Among them, in order to enable the threaded connection seat 401 to be stably installed on the drilling rig, the threaded connection seat 401 is set in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end of the threaded connection seat 401 connected to the base 4 is larger than the diameter of the other end. In order to evenly bear the force and ensure the drilling quality, multiple blades 403 are arranged at equal angles in a ring around the drill bit body 402. In order to facilitate the discharge of rock cuttings, an arc-shaped recessed portion 406 is provided near the middle position on one side of each blade wing 403 away from the main cutting tooth 404. In order to further improve the drilling efficiency, a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth 405 are fixedly installed on the outer side of each blade wing 403 near its rear end. In order to ensure the service life In order to improve the impact resistance, the base 4, the threaded connection seat 401 and the drill body 402 are all made of 18CrNiMo7-6 high-strength alloy steel with a tensile strength of 1000-1200MPa and a hardness of HRC30-35. They have good hardenability and wear resistance. The surface is carburized to effectively improve its impact resistance, wear resistance and service life. At the same time, the main cutting teeth 404 and the auxiliary cutting teeth 405 are made of high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheets PDC, with a diamond layer thickness of 1.5-2.5mm, and a matrix of cemented carbide with high wear resistance and impact resistance.

[0057] The relationship between the diameter d of the spray hole 408 and the flow rate v of the drilling fluid satisfies the following formula:

[0058]

[0059] Among them, Q is the flow rate of drilling fluid, k is the proportionality coefficient, the value range is 0.8-1.2, G is the gravel particle size, μ is the viscosity of drilling fluid, and α is calibrated based on experimental data and the value range is 0.1-0.3.

[0060] By dynamically compensating for the gravel particle size and the drilling fluid viscosity, the size of the spray hole 408 is optimized to meet the needs of removing cuttings in different gravel-containing formations. By optimizing the diameter of the spray hole 408, it is ensured that the drilling fluid can be evenly distributed during high-speed flow, effectively cooling the drill bit and removing cuttings, thereby improving drilling efficiency and extending the life of the drill bit.

[0061] Wherein: the relationship between the installation angle θ of the main cutting tooth 404 and the hardness H of the formation satisfies the following formula:

[0062]

[0063] Among them, k1 is the correction coefficient, and its value range is 50-100, S is the fatigue strength of the drill bit material, F is the impact load of the drill bit, and the parameter β can be set differently according to the drill bit material type (such as cemented carbide / PDC), and its value range is 0.05-0.15. The cutting angle is adjusted to balance the formation hardness and material fatigue resistance, thereby extending the life of the drill bit. At the same time, the above formula can be used to adjust the cutting tooth angle according to the formation hardness, so that the cutting tooth can better cut into the hard formation, reduce wear and increase the drilling speed.

[0064] The relationship between the number N of blades 403 and the diameter D of the drill body 402 satisfies the following formula:

[0065]

[0066] Wherein, k1 is a correction coefficient, and its value range is 50-100, σ is the formation compressive strength, ω is the drill bit speed, and γ is calibrated based on the vibration suppression experiment (such as γ=0.05-0.15).

[0067] By properly arranging the number of blades 403, it is ensured that the drill bit has sufficient cutting force and stability in gravel-containing formations, and vibration and eccentric wear are reduced.

[0068] Wherein: the relationship between the installation height h of the auxiliary cutting teeth 405 and the installation height H of the main cutting teeth 404 satisfies the following formula:

[0069]

[0070] Among them, k3 is the height difference coefficient, and its value range is 10-20, Η is the rock chip crushing efficiency, δ is the cutting force fluctuation coefficient, and its value range is 1.0-3.0, and the parameter ∈ is obtained through machine learning model training, and its value range is 0.02-0.10, which is used to improve the intelligence level, adjust the height of the auxiliary cutting tooth according to the actual working conditions, and optimize the crushing efficiency of the stepped cutting structure. By setting a reasonable height difference of the auxiliary cutting tooth 405, a stepped cutting structure is formed to improve the rock chip crushing efficiency and reduce the load of the main cutting tooth.

[0071] Wherein: the front end of each blade wing 403 is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is made of a mixture of 2 parts by weight of tungsten carbide and 1 part by weight of cobalt, with a thickness of 0.2-0.5mm, so as to enhance the wear resistance of the front end of the blade wing.

[0072] Wherein: the surfaces of the main cutting teeth 404 and the auxiliary cutting teeth 405 are both provided with nano-scale diamond coatings, and the thickness of the coatings is 50-100 nanometers, so as to further improve the wear resistance and impact resistance of the cutting teeth.

[0073] The outer surface of the drill bit body 402 is provided with a plurality of cooling channels, the cooling channels are connected with the spray holes 408, and the cooling channels are located between two adjacent blades 403. The cooling channels are used to cool the drill bit body through the flow of drilling fluid to prevent overheating.

[0074] The thickness of the blade 403 gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end, forming a streamlined structure to reduce fluid resistance during drilling and improve drilling efficiency.

[0075] In summary, this embodiment significantly improves the impact resistance and wear resistance of the PDC drill bit in gravel-containing formations by optimizing the drill bit structure, extends the service life of the drill bit, improves the drilling efficiency and well wall quality of the drill bit, reduces the impact during the drilling process, is suitable for drilling operations in various gravel-containing formations, and can effectively reduce drilling costs and improve drilling efficiency.

[0076] Example 2

[0077] like Figure 2-Figure 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a high-impact PDC drill bit cutting device for gravel-containing formations, which is used to cut the high-impact PDC drill bit body of the high-impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations in Example 1, wherein the high-impact PDC drill bit body includes a base, a threaded connection seat 401 and a drill bit body 402, the threads on the threaded connection seat 401 are processed by a thread lathe later, and the spray hole 408 and the drilling fluid delivery channel and the installation slot 407 are processed by a drilling machine later. The high-impact PDC drill bit cutting device for gravel-containing formations includes: a cutting chamber 1, in which a A connecting plate 112 is provided, on the upper surface of which a cross slide 107 is fixedly mounted, on the upper surface of the movable block of the cross slide 107 a cam 113 is fixedly mounted, on the outer surface of the cam 113 a ball bearing 114 is fitted, on the outer surface of the ball bearing 114 a conversion mechanism 2 is fitted, the conversion mechanism 2 is hexagonal, and a cutting mechanism 3 is detachably mounted on each side, so that the conversion mechanism 2 can drive different cutting mechanisms 3 on each side to cut a workpiece into a high-impact PDC drill bit body by rotating, and the workpiece to be cut is clamped in the chuck 104, and the chuck 104 is rotatably mounted at one end in the cutting chamber 1.

[0078] The workpiece is a cylindrical high-strength alloy steel workpiece, which is used for cutting to form a high-impact PDC drill bit body.

[0079] Among them, a first protective cover 105 is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber 1, and a second protective cover 106 is slidably installed on the outer surface of the first protective cover 105. The second protective cover 106 is fixedly installed at one end of the horizontal slide of the cross slide 107, so that when the cross slide 107 drives the conversion mechanism 2 and the cutting mechanism 3 on the upper surface to move horizontally, the cross slide 107 can push the second protective cover 106 to slide on the outer surface of the first protective cover 105, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can always cover the outer surface of the slide rail of the cross slide 107.

[0080] Among them, two sets of closed doors 103 are slidably installed at one end of the cutting chamber 1, and the connecting plate 112, the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 are all inclined at 45 degrees, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can guide the cut metal debris into the push port 108 through the tilt. The push port 108 is opened between the lowest point of the connecting plate 112 and the cutting chamber 1.

[0081] Among them, a storage chamber 109 is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber 1, and the storage chamber 109 is connected to the push port 108. A spiral conveying blade 111 is rotatably installed in the push port 108, and the spiral conveying blade 111 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the first motor 110. The first motor 110 is fixedly installed at one end of the cutting chamber 1, so that the spiral conveying blade 111 can be driven by the first motor 110 to rotate in the push port 108, so that the spiral conveying blade 111 can push the metal debris that slips into the push port 108 into the storage chamber 109 for centralized storage. A guide plate 101 is fixedly installed at one end of the storage chamber 109, and a closing cover 102 is slidably installed in the guide plate 101, so that the closing cover 102 can slide to cover and unfold the outlet of the storage chamber 109.

[0082] Through the design of the cutting chamber 1, the chuck 104, the first protective cover 105, the second protective cover 106, the cross slide 107, the first motor 110, the spiral conveying blade 111, the conversion mechanism 2 and the cutting mechanism 3, when manufacturing the PDC drill bit, the workpiece can be clamped in the chuck 104, and then the conversion mechanism 2 can switch the tools in the cutting mechanism 3 according to the set program, and after the required tool is selected, the program can drive the rotated tool to cut the workpiece through the cross slide 107, and the required tool can be quickly rotated to the required tool through the conversion mechanism 2 during the cutting process, which greatly improves the flexibility of processing, so that when manufacturing the PDC drill bit, according to different processing procedures, such as drilling, reaming, finishing, etc., suitable tools can be quickly selected to meet various processing requirements, which helps to shorten the entire PDC drill bit production cycle, improve production efficiency, and effectively reduce production costs in large-scale production. During the lateral movement of the cross slide 107, the second protective cover 106 will be driven to slide on the outer surface of the first protective cover 105, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can always cover the outer surface of the slide rail of the cross slide 107, and the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 are both inclined at 45°, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can guide the cut metal debris into the push port 108 through the inclination, and the spiral conveying blade 111 in the push port 108 will be driven to rotate by the first motor 110, so that the rotating spiral conveying blade 111 can push the metal debris in the push port 108 into the storage chamber 109 for centralized storage, which enables the metal debris to be collected in an orderly manner, avoids the metal debris from being scattered around the working area, keeps the working environment clean, reduces the difficulty and workload of cleaning work, and also reduces the potential harm of metal debris to operators.

[0083] like Figure 7 As shown, the conversion mechanism 2 includes a hexagonal disk 201, which is rotatably mounted on the outer surface of the ball bearing 114. A circular opening 206 is opened on the upper surface of the hexagonal disk 201, and a gear ring 204 is fixedly mounted inside the circular opening 206. The gear ring 204 meshes with the gear 203. The gear 203 is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the output shaft of the second motor 205. The second motor 205 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the convex disk 113. A top cover 202 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the hexagonal disk 201, and the top cover 202 covers the upper end of the circular opening 206, so that the hexagonal disk 201 can be meshed and driven by the gear 203 through the gear ring 204 to rotate on the outer surface of the ball bearing 114, and the hexagonal disk 201 can drive the cutting mechanism 3 disassembled and installed on the outer surface to rotate.

[0084] Through the design of the hexagonal disk 201, the gear 203, the gear ring 204 and the second motor 205, during the PDC drill bit cutting process, the second motor 205 can be started to drive the gear 203 to engage the gear ring 204 to drive the hexagonal disk 201 to rotate on the outer surface of the ball bearing 114, so that the hexagonal disk 201 can drive different cutting tools 303 fixedly installed on the outer surface to rotate, and the hexagonal disk 201 can realize the rotation of the cutting tool 303 through the mutual cooperation with the cross slide 107. This cooperation mode enables the equipment to adapt to different cutting requirements and can switch different types of tools to complete different cutting tasks, so that the equipment has multifunctional processing capabilities and meets the complex PDC drill bit cutting requirements. Since the tool rotation can be carried out quickly, during the PDC drill bit cutting process, when different tools are needed for cutting at different stages, it can quickly switch to the appropriate tool, which can reduce the pause time in the cutting process, improve the overall cutting efficiency, and thus shorten the processing time of the PDC drill bit.

[0085] like Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, the cutting mechanism 3 includes a connecting seat 301, which is fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the hexagonal disk 201, an insertion port 302 is provided at one end of the connecting seat 301, an insertion block 304 is slidably inserted in the insertion port 302, a cutting tool 303 is fixedly mounted at one end of the insertion block 304, a rotating ring 313 is provided in the insertion port 302, a rotating disk 310 is rotatably mounted in the rotating ring 313, a first semi-cylinder 311 is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the rotating disk 310, the first semi-cylinder 311 can be slidably inserted into the annular groove 307 through the docking port 308 and spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder 305, the annular groove 307 is provided on the insertion block 304, and the docking port 308 is provided on the insertion block 304. One end of the mounting block 304 is connected to the annular groove 307, and a limiting ring 306 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the second semi-cylinder 305. The second semi-cylinder 305 is rotatably installed in the annular groove 307 through the limiting ring 306, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can be spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder 305 in the annular groove 307 to form a complete cylindrical shape, and then the first semi-cylinder 311 can be driven by the rotating handle 309 in the annular groove 307 to drive the second semi-cylinder 305 to rotate 90 degrees, and the rotated first semi-cylinder 311 can prevent the mounting block 304 from being pulled out of the mounting port 302, and the rotating handle 309 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the rotating disk 310;

[0086] Among them, two groups and one group of baffles are fixedly installed on the upper surfaces of the handle 309 and the connecting seat 301 respectively, which can limit the handle 309 to rotate only 90°. A torsion spring 312 is fixedly installed in the rotating ring 313, and the inner ring of the torsion spring 312 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the turntable 310, so that the torsion spring 312 can apply a torsional force to the turntable 310, which can prevent the first semi-cylinder 311 from rotating due to the vibration force of cutting to release the limiting force on the insertion block 304.

[0087] Through the design of the connecting seat 301, the insertion port 302, the cutting blade 303, the insertion block 304, the second semi-cylinder 305, the first semi-cylinder 311 and the twisting spring 312, when the cutting blade 303 is replaced, the staff can drive the first semi-cylinder 311 on the lower surface of the turntable 310 to rotate in the annular groove 307 of the insertion block 304 by twisting the handle 309, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can drive the second semi-cylinder 305 rotatably installed in the annular groove 307 to rotate together until the first semi-cylinder 311 rotates. After the second semi-cylinder 305 is rotated 90° in the annular groove 307 by the screw 311, the first semi-cylinder 311 can be flush with the docking port 308 opened at one end of the annular groove 307, thereby releasing the locking of the insertion block 304, allowing the staff to pull the tool to pull the insertion block 304 out of the insertion port 302 of the connecting seat 301, and in the process of twisting the handle 309, the turntable 310 will drive the twisting spring 312 to rotate, so that the twisting spring 312 can apply a complex force to the handle 309. The staff can then insert the insertion block 304 that needs to replace the cutting blade 303 into the insertion port 302, and the first semi-cylinder 311 rotating in the insertion port 302 can be slid into the annular groove 307 through the docking port 308 opened at one end of the insertion block 304 and spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder 305. Then, the staff can release the twisting of the handle 309, so that the handle 309 can be rotated and reset by the twisting force applied by the twisting spring 312, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can be rotated and reset. 11 is driven in the annular groove 307 to drive the second semi-cylinder 305 to rotate 90°, and the rotated first semi-cylinder 311 can block the docking port 308, so as to prevent the insertion block 304 from being pulled out from the insertion port 302. The insertion block 304 can be locked and unlocked by simply twisting the handle 309. The operation process is relatively simple, and the staff does not need to use complicated tools or perform cumbersome steps to disassemble and install the cutting tool 303, which saves the time of removing and replacing the tool.

[0088] According to the above technical scheme, the working steps of this scheme are summarized and sorted out: when making a PDC drill bit, the workpiece can be clamped in the chuck 104, and then the second motor 205 can be started to drive the gear 203 to mesh with the gear ring 204 to drive the hexagonal disk 201 to rotate on the outer surface of the ball bearing 114, so that the hexagonal disk 201 can drive different cutting tools 303 fixed on the outer surface to rotate, and then the hexagonal disk 201 can realize the rotation of the cutting tool 303 through the cooperation with the cross slide 107, and after selecting the required tool, the program can drive the rotated tool to cut the workpiece through the cross slide 107, and the cross slide 107 will drive the second protective cover 106 in the process of lateral movement. The protective cover 105 slides on the outer surface, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can always cover the outer surface of the slide rail of the cross slide 107, and the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 are both inclined at 45 degrees, so that the first protective cover 105 and the second protective cover 106 can guide the cut metal debris into the push port 108 through the tilt, and the spiral conveying blade 111 in the push port 108 is driven to rotate by the first motor 110, so that the rotating spiral conveying blade 111 can push the metal debris in the push port 108 into the storage chamber 109 for centralized storage, and when the cutting blade 303 is replaced, the staff can drive the first semi-cylinder 311 on the lower surface of the turntable 310 to rotate in the insertion The mounting block 304 rotates in the annular groove 307, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can drive the second semi-cylinder 305 rotatably installed in the annular groove 307 to rotate together, until the first semi-cylinder 311 drives the second semi-cylinder 305 to rotate 90° in the annular groove 307, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can be flush with the docking interface 308 opened at one end of the annular groove 307, thereby releasing the lock of the mounting block 304, allowing the staff to pull the tool to pull the mounting block 304 out of the mounting port 302 of the connecting seat 301, and in the process of twisting the handle 309, the turntable 310 will drive the torsion spring 312 to rotate, so that the torsion spring 312 can apply a resetting rotational force to the handle 309, and then the staff can The insertion block 304 whose cutting blade 303 needs to be replaced is inserted into the insertion port 302, and the first semi-cylinder 311 rotating in the insertion port 302 can be slid into the annular groove 307 through the docking port 308 opened at one end of the insertion block 304 and spliced ​​with the second semi-cylinder 305. Then the staff can release the torsion of the turning handle 309, so that the turning handle 309 can be rotated and reset by the torsion force applied by the twisting spring 312, so that the first semi-cylinder 311 can be driven in the annular groove 307 to drive the second semi-cylinder 305 to rotate 90°, and the rotated first semi-cylinder 311 can block the docking port 308, so as to prevent the insertion block 304 from being pulled out of the insertion port 302, thereby realizing the removal and replacement of the cutting blade 303.

[0089] In summary: the cutting device can rotate the tools during the cutting process, which greatly improves the flexibility of processing, so that when making PDC drill bits, suitable tools can be quickly selected according to different processing procedures, such as drilling, reaming, finishing, etc., and the insertion block 304 can be locked and unlocked by twisting the handle 309. The operation process is relatively simple, and the staff does not need to use complicated tools or perform cumbersome steps to disassemble and install the cutting tool 303, saving time for disassembling and replacing the tools.

[0090] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A high impact resistant PDC drill bit for gravel formation, characterized in that: include: A base (4), a threaded connection seat (401) is integrally provided at the rear end of the base (4), and a drill body (402) is integrally provided at the front end of the base (4), a surface of the drill body (402) is cut by a cutting device to form a plurality of blades (403), each of the blades (403) is provided with a plurality of mounting grooves (407) near the front end thereof, and a main cutting tooth (404) is fixedly installed in each of the mounting grooves (407), wherein: A drilling fluid delivery channel is provided in the threaded connection seat (401), and a plurality of spray holes (408) connected to the drilling fluid delivery channel are provided on the drill bit body (402).

2. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The threaded connection seat (401) is in a truncated cone shape, and the diameter of one end of the threaded connection seat (401) connected to the base (4) is larger than the diameter of the other end thereof. The plurality of blade wings (403) are arranged at equal angles in a circular direction around the drill bit body (402). Each blade wing (403) has an arc-shaped recessed portion (406) near the middle position on a side away from the main cutting tooth (404), and a plurality of auxiliary cutting teeth (405) are fixedly installed on the outer side of each blade wing (403) near its rear end. The base (4), the threaded connection seat (401) and the drill bit body (402) are all made of alloy steel, and the surface is carburized to improve the impact resistance and wear resistance thereof. The main cutting tooth (404) and the auxiliary cutting tooth (405) are both made of high-impact polycrystalline diamond composite sheets, and the thickness of the diamond layer is 1.5-2.5 mm, and the matrix is ​​hard alloy.

3. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The relationship between the diameter d of the spray hole (408) and the flow rate v of the drilling fluid satisfies the following formula: Among them, Q is the flow rate of drilling fluid, k is the proportional coefficient, the value range is 0.8-1.2, G is the gravel particle size, μ is the viscosity of drilling fluid, and α is in the range of 0.1-0.

3.

4. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The relationship between the installation angle θ of the main cutting teeth (404) and the hardness H of the formation satisfies the following formula: Among them, k1 is the correction coefficient, the value range is 50-100, S is the fatigue strength of the drill material, F is the impact load of the drill, and the value range of β is 0.05~0.

15.

5. A high impact resistant PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The relationship between the number N of the blade wings (403) and the diameter D of the drill bit body (402) satisfies the following formula: Among them, k1 is the correction coefficient, the value range is 50-100, σ is the formation compressive strength, ω is the drill bit speed, and γ = 0.05-0.

15.

6. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The relationship between the installation height h of the auxiliary cutting teeth (405) and the installation height H of the main cutting teeth (404) satisfies the following formula: Among them, k3 is the height difference coefficient, the value range is 10-20, Η is the cuttings crushing efficiency, δ is the cutting force fluctuation coefficient, the value range is 1.0-3.0, and ∈ is in the range of 0.02-0.

10.

7. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The front end of each blade (403) is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is made of a mixture of 2 parts by weight of tungsten carbide and 1 part by weight of cobalt, and has a thickness of 0.2-0.5 mm.

8. A high impact resistant PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The surfaces of the main cutting teeth (404) and the auxiliary cutting teeth (405) are both provided with a nano-scale diamond coating, and the thickness of the coating is 50-100 nanometers.

9. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The outer surface of the drill bit body (402) is provided with a plurality of cooling channels, the cooling channels are connected to the spray holes (408), the cooling channels are located between two adjacent blades (403), and the cooling channels are used to cool the drill bit body through the flow of drilling fluid to prevent overheating.

10. A high impact PDC drill bit for gravel-containing formations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The thickness of the blade (403) gradually decreases from the rear end to the front end, forming a streamlined structure.

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