Vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for filling underground gangue of coal mine and using method of vibration compacting and tamping mechanism

Abstract

The invention discloses a vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for coal mine underground gangue filling and a using method of the vibration compacting and tamping mechanism. The mechanism comprises a support base used for fixing the whole tamping mechanism, a gangue blocking plate used for blocking gangue from sliding off, a rotating cylinder body used for driving the gangue blocking plate to rotate by an angle, a conical thorn structure, a vertical vibration oil cylinder used for driving conical thorns to vibrate in the vertical direction, and a horizontal vibration oil cylinder used for driving the conical thorns to vibrate horizontally. The telescopic oil cylinder is used for driving the conical thorns to do telescopic motion; the vertical vibration oil cylinder, the horizontal vibration oil cylinder and the telescopic oil cylinder cooperatively control the piercing depth, the vertical vibration amplitude and the horizontal vibration amplitude of the conical thorns; the gangue compaction structure can improve the compactness and filling efficiency of a gangue accumulation body, can realize more effective gangue compaction, is suitable for gangue compaction of solid filling mining under the condition of top plate crushing or bottom plate crushing, is reliable, safe and economical, and has a wide application prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of underground coal mine gangue filling, and in particular to a vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for underground coal mine gangue filling and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the large-scale development of coal resources, the amount of gangue discharged and the amount of surface deformation are large, and the ecological and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent. Solid filling mining technology is widely used in gangue disposal and surface subsidence control, and is used in mining areas.

[0003] In the process of solid filling mining, the compaction effect of the compaction mechanism behind the filling coal mining hydraulic support directly determines the filling density and filling efficiency. However, due to the influence of the size and structural interference of the filling coal mining hydraulic support, the current compaction mechanism has a small compaction area and a small compaction range. After compaction, the gangue pile will still slide from the top. Ensuring the density of the gangue pile is the key to improving the filling quality and efficiency. Using the "Brazil nut effect" to vibrate the gangue pile can accelerate the convection speed of gangue of different particle sizes, thereby compacting the entire gangue pile. Therefore, the development of a vibrating self-compacting compaction mechanism has become a major problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for gangue filling in coal mines and a method of using the same, which aims to further improve the density and top connection effect of the gangue accumulation body.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in coal mines, which specifically comprises:

[0007] A bracket base, used to fix the entire tamping mechanism;

[0008] The gangue baffle is hingedly arranged at the rear side of the support base to prevent gangue from sliding and protect the vertical vibration cylinder, horizontal vibration cylinder and telescopic cylinder;

[0009] A conical thorn structure, comprising four conical thorns connected to each other, wherein the conical thorns are slidably connected to the support base through a slide groove, and the slide groove allows the conical thorns to vibrate in vertical and horizontal directions;

[0010] A vertical vibration oil cylinder, the bottom of which is hinged on the support base, and the output end of which is hinged to the conical thorn, for driving the vertical vibration of the conical thorn;

[0011] A horizontal vibration oil cylinder, the bottom of which is hinged to a preset horizontal fixed steel beam on the support base, and the output end of which is hinged to the conical thorn, for driving the horizontal vibration of the conical thorn;

[0012] The telescopic oil cylinder has a bottom hinged on the bracket base, and an output end hinged to the bottom of the conical thorn, and is used to drive the telescopic movement of the conical thorn;

[0013] A rotating oil cylinder, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the support base and the rock baffle plate, and are used to drive the rock baffle plate to rotate at a certain angle;

[0014] The vertical vibration cylinder, the horizontal vibration cylinder and the telescopic cylinder cooperate to control the penetration depth, the vertical vibration amplitude and the horizontal vibration amplitude of the conical thorn.

[0015] Preferably, the conical thorns are of conical structure, and four conical thorns are connected in a grid-like manner through rigid connecting rods.

[0016] Preferably, the inner surface of the slide groove is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to reduce the friction resistance when the conical thorn vibrates.

[0017] Preferably, the hinge point between the vertical vibration cylinder and the conical thorn is located in the middle of the conical thorn, and the hinge point of the horizontal vibration cylinder is located at the end of the conical thorn.

[0018] Preferably, the angle between the rock baffle plate and the support base is 0-60°, and an anti-adhesion corrugated structure is provided on the surface of the rock baffle plate.

[0019] The present invention also provides a method for using the vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines, comprising the following steps:

[0020] a. Under the condition of broken roof, control the telescopic cylinder to push the cone out and penetrate into the gangue accumulation body;

[0021] b. Start the vertical vibration cylinder and drive the conical spike to vibrate vertically at a frequency of 25Hz for 8-15 minutes, so that small-sized gangue will sink and large-sized gangue will float to form a top support layer;

[0022] c. Under the condition of bottom plate breaking, control the telescopic cylinder to push the conical spike into the gangue accumulation body;

[0023] d. Adjust the rotating cylinder so that the bottom of the baffle plate contacts the filling body at an angle of 60° to create an arc bottom condition;

[0024] e. Start the horizontal vibration cylinder and drive the conical spike to vibrate horizontally at a frequency of 25 Hz for 8-12 minutes, so that the large-sized gangue sinks to stabilize the bottom plate and the small-sized gangue moves up to fill the gaps.

[0025] Preferably, the vertical vibration amplitude in step b is 300 mm, and the horizontal vibration amplitude in step d is 300 mm.

[0026] Preferably, when the particle size of the gangue in the main particle size group is greater than 50 mm, the vibration time is adjusted to 8 minutes; when the particle size of the gangue is less than 8 mm, the vibration time is extended to 15 minutes.

[0027] Preferably, in step b and step d, the vertical vibration cylinder and the horizontal vibration cylinder are started synchronously to form a composite elliptical trajectory vibration mode.

[0028] Preferably, the density of the gangue is monitored in real time during the vibration process, and the vibration is automatically stopped when the density reaches above 85%.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. The present invention realizes vertical vibration (up and down) and horizontal vibration (left and right) of the conical thorns through independent driving of the vertical vibration cylinder and the horizontal vibration cylinder. The vertical vibration triggers the "brazil nut effect", prompting small particles to sink and fill the gaps, and large particles to float up to support the crushing top plate, and simultaneously achieve compaction and top connection. The gangue retaining plate and the coal seam bottom plate form a concave bottom trough, and then horizontal vibration is applied to trigger the "anti-brazil nut effect", small particles move up to fill the top gaps, and large particles sink to stabilize the crushing bottom plate to prevent the bottom plate from collapsing.

[0031] 2. The present invention adopts a multi-thorn linkage design: 4 conical thorns are linked through the slide slot, covering a wider area during vibration, with stronger penetration, and can penetrate deep into the waste rock pile, breaking the limitation that the traditional compaction mechanism only acts on the surface. The telescopic cylinder drives the conical thorn to penetrate into the waste rock pile, which can be dynamically telescopically adjusted and suitable for narrow underground space.

[0032] 3. Large particles float up to form a support layer, directly contacting the top plate, reducing the pressure transmission of the top plate and reducing the risk of collapse. Large particles of gangue at the bottom form a stable base bed, disperse the load pressure, prevent further breakage of the bottom plate, and ensure the long-term stability of the filling body. Vibration accelerates particle convection, and the compaction efficiency is greatly improved compared with traditional compaction, shortening the filling cycle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the adaptation of the conical thorn structure and the slide groove provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1- bracket base; 2- gangue baffle; 3- conical thorn; 4- slideway; 5- vertical vibration cylinder; 6- horizontal vibration cylinder; 7- telescopic cylinder; 8- fixed steel beam; 9- rotating cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] like Figure 1 to Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in coal mines, comprising:

[0040] A support base 1 is used to fix the entire compacting mechanism;

[0041] The gangue baffle plate 2 is hingedly arranged on the rear side of the support base 1 to prevent gangue from sliding and protect the vertical vibration cylinder 5, the horizontal vibration cylinder 6 and the telescopic cylinder 7; the angle between the gangue baffle plate 2 and the support base 1 is 0 to 60 degrees, and the surface of the gangue baffle plate 2 is provided with an anti-adhesion corrugated structure.

[0042] The conical thorn structure includes four mutually connected conical thorns 3, wherein the conical thorns 3 are slidably connected to the support base 1 through a slide groove 4, and the slide groove 4 allows the conical thorns 3 to vibrate in the vertical and horizontal directions; the conical thorns 3 are conical structures, and the four conical thorns 3 are connected in a grid shape through a rigid connecting rod. The inner surface of the slide groove 4 is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to reduce the friction resistance of the conical thorns 3 when vibrating.

[0043] The bottom of the vertical vibration cylinder 5 is hinged on the bracket base 1, and the output end is hinged to the conical thorn 3, which is used to drive the vertical vibration of the conical thorn 3; the hinge point of the vertical vibration cylinder 5 and the conical thorn 3 is located in the middle of the conical thorn 3, and the hinge point of the horizontal vibration cylinder 6 is located at the end of the conical thorn 3.

[0044] A horizontal vibration oil cylinder 6, the bottom of which is hinged to a preset horizontal fixed steel beam 8 on the support base 1, and the output end of which is hinged to the conical thorn 3, for driving the horizontal vibration of the conical thorn 3;

[0045] The telescopic oil cylinder 7 has its bottom hinged on the bracket base 1, and its output end is hinged to the bottom of the conical thorn 3, so as to drive the telescopic movement of the conical thorn 3;

[0046] A rotating oil cylinder 9, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the support base 1 and the rock baffle plate 2, and are used to drive the rock baffle plate 2 to rotate;

[0047] The vertical vibration cylinder 5, the horizontal vibration cylinder 6 and the telescopic cylinder 7 cooperate to control the penetration depth, vertical vibration amplitude and horizontal vibration amplitude of the conical thorn 3.

[0048] In this embodiment, the length of the conical thorn is 1200mm, the exposed length is 200mm when the telescopic cylinder is not opened, the movable stroke is 300mm, and it can penetrate into a waste rock pile with a depth of 500mm, meeting the length requirement of the advancement distance of a single filling operation.

[0049] When in use, under the condition of broken roof, control the telescopic cylinder 7 to push the conical thorn 3 to extend and penetrate into the gangue accumulation body; then start the vertical vibration cylinder 5 to drive the conical thorn 3 to vibrate vertically at a frequency of 25Hz for 8-15 minutes, and according to the "Brazil nut effect", small-sized gangue is prompted to sink and large-sized gangue floats to form a top-connecting support layer, and at the same time, it plays the function of gangue top connection and dense gangue accumulation body under the condition of broken roof, prompting small-sized gangue to sink and large-sized gangue to float to form a top-connecting support layer;

[0050] Under the condition of bottom plate crushing, control the telescopic cylinder 7 to push the conical thorn 3 into the gangue accumulation body; adjust the rotating cylinder body so that the bottom of the gangue baffle plate contacts the filling body at an angle of 60° to construct an arc bottom condition; finally, start the horizontal vibration cylinder 6 to drive the conical thorn 3 to vibrate horizontally at a frequency of 25Hz for 8-12 minutes; according to the "anti-brazil nut effect", large-size gangue is forced to sink to stabilize the bottom plate, and small-size gangue is moved up to fill the gap, while the function of compacting the gangue accumulation body is played, which greatly improves the filling efficiency.

[0051] This device is suitable for a variety of complex conditions such as roof crushing, floor crushing, and complex geology. It does not require the addition of additional cementing materials, and directly uses the characteristics of the gangue itself to achieve compaction, reduce filling costs, and conform to the concept of green mining. The mechanism has achieved a breakthrough in gangue filling and compaction technology by integrating the principles of vibration mechanics and mechanical structure innovation. It is efficient, safe, and economical, providing key technical support for green mining in coal mines, and has significant industry demonstration significance.

[0052] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A vibration compacting and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines, characterized in that: include: A support base (1) for fixing the entire compacting mechanism; A gangue baffle plate (2) is hingedly arranged on the rear side of the support base (1) and is used to prevent gangue from sliding down and protect the vertical vibration cylinder (5), the horizontal vibration cylinder (6) and the telescopic cylinder (7); The conical thorn structure comprises four mutually connected conical thorns (3), wherein the conical thorns (3) are slidably connected to the support base (1) through a slide groove (4), and the slide groove (4) allows the conical thorns (3) to vibrate in vertical and horizontal directions; A vertical vibration oil cylinder (5), the bottom of which is hinged on the support base (1), and the output end of which is hinged on the conical thorn (3), and is used to drive the vertical vibration of the conical thorn (3); A horizontal vibration oil cylinder (6), the bottom of which is hinged to a preset horizontal fixed steel beam (8) on the support base (1), and the output end of which is hinged to the conical thorn (3), for driving the horizontal vibration of the conical thorn (3); A telescopic oil cylinder (7), the bottom of which is hinged on the support base (1), and the output end of which is hinged to the bottom of the conical thorn (3), and is used to drive the telescopic movement of the conical thorn (3); A rotating oil cylinder (9), the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the support base (1) and the rock baffle plate (2), and are used to drive the rock baffle plate (2) to rotate at a certain angle; The vertical vibration cylinder (5), the horizontal vibration cylinder (6) and the telescopic cylinder (7) cooperate to control the penetration depth, vertical vibration amplitude and horizontal vibration amplitude of the conical thorn (3).

2. The vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conical thorns (3) are of a conical structure, and the four conical thorns (3) are connected in a grid-like manner via rigid connecting rods.

3. The vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of the slide groove (4) is provided with a polytetrafluoroethylene coating to reduce the friction resistance of the conical thorn (3) when it vibrates.

4. The vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hinge point between the vertical vibration cylinder (5) and the conical thorn (3) is located at the middle of the conical thorn (3), and the hinge point of the horizontal vibration cylinder (6) is located at the end of the conical thorn (3).

5. The vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The included angle between the rock baffle plate (2) and the support base (1) is 0-60°, and the surface of the rock baffle plate (2) is provided with an anti-adhesion corrugated structure.

6. A method for using the vibration compaction and tamping mechanism for filling gangue in underground coal mines according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (a) Under the condition of roof crushing, the telescopic oil cylinder (7) is controlled to push the conical thorn (3) to extend and pierce into the gangue accumulation body; (b) starting the vertical vibration cylinder (5) to drive the conical spike (3) to vibrate vertically at a frequency of 25 Hz for 8-15 minutes, so as to cause the small-sized gangue to sink and the large-sized gangue to float to form a top support layer; (c) Under the condition that the bottom plate is broken, the telescopic oil cylinder (7) is controlled to push the conical thorn (3) into the gangue accumulation body; (d) adjusting the rotating cylinder so that the bottom of the baffle plate contacts the filling body at an angle of 60°, thus creating an arc bottom condition; (d) Start the horizontal vibration cylinder (6) to drive the conical spike (3) to vibrate horizontally at a frequency of 25 Hz for 8-12 minutes, so that the large-size gangue sinks to stabilize the bottom plate and the small-size gangue moves up to fill the gap.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The vertical vibration amplitude in step (b) is 300 mm, and the horizontal vibration amplitude in step (d) is 300 mm.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that When the particle size of the gangue in the main particle size group is greater than 50mm, the vibration time is adjusted to 8 minutes; when the particle size of the gangue is less than 8mm, the vibration time is extended to 15 minutes.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that In step (b) and step (d), the vertical vibration cylinder (5) and the horizontal vibration cylinder (6) are started synchronously to form a composite elliptical trajectory vibration mode.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The density of the gangue is monitored in real time during the vibration process, and the vibration stops automatically when the density reaches above 85%.

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