Multi-fuel electronic control fuel injector with multiple needle valves connected in parallel

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a multi-fuel electronic control fuel injector with multiple needle valves connected in parallel, and belongs to the field of engine fuel systems. Comprising a fastening cap and an upper fastening cap, the fastening cap is fixed to the outer portion of the upper fastening cap, a diesel pressure storage cavity wall, an oil way adjusting block, an electromagnetic valve control assembly fastening block, an upper metering orifice plate, a lower metering orifice plate and a nozzle are sequentially arranged in the upper fastening cap from top to bottom, and a double-electromagnetic-valve control assembly is installed in the electromagnetic valve control assembly fastening block. And pilot control assemblies are arranged in the lower metering orifice plate and the nozzle. The most suitable fuel can be flexibly selected for injection according to actual power and emission requirements, multi-fuel combined injection can be carried out in the single fuel injection process, the injection opportunities and the injection quantities of different fuels are accurately allocated, the advantages of the fuels are fully played, the combustion process of the engine is further optimized, and the fuel injection efficiency is improved. And the energy utilization efficiency is improved, pollutant emission is reduced, and more complex and changeable working condition requirements are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an engine, in particular to a fuel system. Background Art

[0002] As environmental protection and energy sustainable development are valued, engines are facing changes. On the one hand, we need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and respond to environmental regulations, and we need to find clean alternative fuels; on the other hand, different application scenarios require more diverse engine performance. Diesel has a high energy density and mature applications, but it has an impact on pollutant emissions. Methanol has high oxygen content, complete combustion, low carbon soot emissions and a wide range of sources, and has the potential to be a clean alternative. Ammonia fuel has near-zero carbon emissions and a good prospect, but there are technical difficulties such as ignition and combustion speed. Traditional injectors are designed for a single fuel and are difficult to meet the needs of precise multi-fuel injection. There are problems such as supply pressure, injection timing and quantity that are difficult to coordinate. In order to give full play to the advantages of each fuel and solve the problem of multi-fuel injection. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves connected in parallel, which can solve the problems that the conventional fuel injectors in the prior art cannot meet the requirements of multi-fuel compatibility and precise control.

[0004] The object of the present invention is achieved in that:

[0005] The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel of the present invention is characterized in that it comprises a fastening cap and an upper fastening cap, wherein the fastening cap is fixed on the outside of the upper fastening cap, wherein the upper fastening cap is provided with a diesel pressure storage chamber wall, an oil circuit adjustment block, a solenoid valve control assembly fastening block, an upper orifice plate, a lower orifice plate, and a nozzle in sequence from top to bottom, wherein a double solenoid valve control assembly is installed in the solenoid valve control assembly fastening block, and a pilot control assembly is installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle; wherein a diesel interface, a methanol interface, and an ammonia fuel interface are respectively provided in the fastening cap, wherein a diesel pressure storage chamber, a methanol pressure storage chamber, and an ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber are respectively provided in the diesel pressure storage chamber wall, wherein the diesel pressure storage chamber is connected to the diesel interface, the methanol pressure storage chamber is connected to the methanol interface, and the ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel interface.

[0006] The present invention may also include:

[0007] 1. The dual solenoid valve control assembly includes a dual solenoid valve control assembly housing, an upper solenoid valve and a lower solenoid valve. The upper solenoid valve includes an upper solenoid valve armature, an upper section of a control valve core, and an upper solenoid valve reset spring. The lower solenoid valve includes a lower solenoid valve armature, a lower section of a control valve core, and a lower solenoid valve reset spring. The upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core are symmetrically installed in the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing. The upper section of the control valve core is covered with an upper solenoid valve reset spring. The upper solenoid valve armature is installed on the top of the upper section of the control valve core. The lower section of the control valve core is sleeved with a lower solenoid valve reset spring, and the lower solenoid valve armature is installed at the bottom of the lower section of the control valve core; the upper chamber of the control valve core, the lower chamber of the control valve core, the upper oil return hole and the lower oil return hole are respectively arranged in the outer shell of the double solenoid valve control component, and the lower section of the control valve core is arranged with an internal oil circuit of the control valve core. The upper section of the control valve core and the outer shell of the double solenoid valve control component form an upper oil return chamber, and the lower section of the control valve core and the outer shell of the double solenoid valve control component form a lower oil return chamber. The upper oil return chamber is connected to the upper oil return hole, and the lower oil return chamber is connected to the lower oil return hole.

[0008] 2. The pilot control assembly includes a diesel needle valve, a methanol needle valve, and an ammonia fuel needle valve. The diesel needle valve, the methanol needle valve, and the ammonia fuel needle valve are all installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle. The diesel needle valve sleeve is provided with a diesel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve sleeve is provided with a methanol needle valve return spring, and the ammonia fuel needle valve sleeve is provided with an ammonia fuel needle valve return spring. The top of the diesel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a diesel needle valve control chamber, the top of the methanol needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a methanol needle valve control chamber, the top of the ammonia fuel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber, and the diesel needle valve and the nozzle form a The diesel needle valve oil storage chamber is formed, the methanol needle valve and the nozzle form the methanol needle valve oil storage chamber, the ammonia fuel needle valve and the nozzle form the ammonia fuel needle valve oil storage chamber, the diesel needle valve oil storage chamber is connected to the diesel pressure storage chamber through the diesel supply pipeline, the methanol needle valve oil storage chamber is connected to the methanol pressure storage chamber through the methanol supply pipeline, the ammonia fuel needle valve oil storage chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber through the ammonia fuel supply pipeline, the diesel needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a diesel spray hole, the methanol needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a methanol spray hole, the ammonia fuel needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a fuel spray hole, and the upper orifice plate is respectively provided with The first servo oil supply oil circuit, the second servo oil supply oil circuit, and the third servo oil supply oil circuit. The first servo oil supply oil circuit is connected to the diesel needle valve control chamber through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole, the second servo oil supply oil circuit and the methanol needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole are connected to the methanol needle valve control chamber, and the third servo oil supply oil circuit is connected to the ammonia fuel control chamber through the ammonia fuel control chamber oil inlet throttle hole. The diesel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole, the methanol needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole are respectively arranged in the lower orifice plate. The oil outlet throttle hole of the oil needle valve control chamber is respectively connected to the diesel needle valve control chamber and the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline cooperates with the internal oil circuit of the control valve core, the methanol needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole is respectively connected to the methanol needle valve control chamber and the methanol needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the methanol control chamber oil return pipeline is connected to the lower chamber of the control valve core, the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole is respectively connected to the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline is connected to the upper chamber of the control valve core.

[0009] 3. In the initial state, in the dual solenoid valve control assembly, the coils of the upper solenoid valve and the lower solenoid valve are both in a de-energized state, the upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core are placed in the middle position of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper chamber of the control valve core and the lower chamber of the control valve core are sealed, and the return oil pipeline of the diesel needle valve control chamber and the internal oil circuit of the control valve core are also in a disconnected state;

[0010] In the pilot control assembly, the high-pressure servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber, the methanol needle valve control chamber, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber provides downward pressure to the upper top surface of the needle valve, and cooperates with the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve return spring, and the diesel needle valve return spring to make the diesel needle valve, the methanol needle valve, and the ammonia fuel needle valve seated, completing the sealing of the diesel spray hole, the methanol spray hole, and the ammonia fuel spray hole.

[0011] 4. When the methanol injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve coil is energized and the lower solenoid valve coil is de-energized. The upper solenoid valve coil generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid valve armature, driving the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve reset spring; the upward displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange of the double solenoid valve control component housing at the upper top surface of the large end of the upper section of the control valve core. The seal formed by the top depression of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part of the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The sealing length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, the seal is released, and the methanol needle valve control chamber is connected to the lower return oil chamber through the methanol needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline, and the servo oil leaks from the lower return oil hole. The downward pressure of the methanol needle valve control chamber on the methanol needle valve gradually decreases. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the methanol needle valve reset spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, and the high-pressure methanol is sprayed from the methanol spray hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber to start injection.

[0012] When closed, the upper solenoid valve coil loses power, and its upward attraction to the upper solenoid valve armature disappears. The upper section of the control valve core is driven by the upper solenoid valve reset spring to move the lower section of the control valve core downward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper section of the control valve core and the lower solenoid valve reset spring, the lower section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the lower chamber of the control valve core is sealed, and the oil leakage process of the methanol needle valve control chamber is completed. The servo oil re-builds pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the methanol needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the methanol needle valve reset spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve falls into its seat, and the injection process is completed.

[0013] 5. When the ammonia fuel injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve coil loses power, while the lower solenoid valve coil gains power. The lower solenoid valve coil exerts downward attraction on the lower solenoid valve reset spring, driving the lower section of the control valve core to move downward. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward due to the action of the upper solenoid valve reset spring. In this process, the downward displacement limit of the lower section of the control valve core is limited by the flange of the housing of the dual solenoid valve control assembly at the lower top surface of the large end of the lower section of the control valve core. The seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part of the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is greater than the sealing length. A single solenoid valve is displaced but not released, the sealing length of the upper chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, the seal is released, the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is connected to the upper return oil chamber through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the servo oil leaks out from the upper return oil hole, and the liquid pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber gradually reduces the downward pressure on the ammonia fuel needle valve. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve lifts, and the high-pressure ammonia fuel is sprayed out from the ammonia fuel spray hole through the ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber, and injection begins.

[0014] When closed, the lower solenoid valve coil loses power, and its downward attraction to the lower solenoid valve return spring disappears. The lower section of the control valve core is driven by the lower solenoid valve return spring to move the upper section of the control valve core upward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the upper chamber of the control valve core is sealed, and the oil leakage process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is completed. The servo oil re-builds pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve falls into its seat, and the injection process is completed.

[0015] 6. When the diesel fuel injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve and the lower solenoid valve coils are energized at the same time, and the generated attraction forces the upper solenoid valve armature to drive the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower solenoid valve armature to drive the lower section of the control valve core to move downward. The sum of the displacements generated by the two solenoid valves releases the seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding bottom of the upper section of the control valve core. The servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber passes through the diesel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline and the internal oil circuit of the control valve core to reach the lower return oil chamber, and then leaks out from the lower return oil hole; the downward pressure of the diesel needle valve on the diesel needle valve by the liquid pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber gradually decreases. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the diesel needle valve return spring is less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve, the diesel needle valve is lifted, and the diesel fuel is sprayed out from the diesel spray hole through the diesel needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection begins;

[0016] When closed, the lower solenoid valve and the upper solenoid valve lose power at the same time, the upward attraction of the upper solenoid valve on the upper solenoid valve armature disappears, and the downward attraction of the lower solenoid valve on the lower solenoid valve armature 38 disappears. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward under the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward under the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring. When moving to the force balance point of the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core stop at the initial position, and the seal between the top depression of the lower section of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section of the control valve core is established again, and the oil leakage process of the diesel needle valve control chamber is terminated. The servo oil from the first servo oil supply oil path passes through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole to re-build the pressure of the diesel needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the diesel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 0 is seated, and the injection process ends.

[0017] The advantages of the present invention are: the present invention can realize precise control of each needle valve through the dual solenoid valve control component, successfully complete the three basic injection modes of methanol independent injection, diesel independent injection and ammonia fuel independent injection, meet the engine's demand for a single fuel under different working conditions, and can flexibly select the most suitable fuel for injection according to actual power and emission requirements; with the unique structure and control design, it can also perform a combination of multiple fuel injections in a single injection process, and by accurately adjusting the injection timing and injection amount of different fuels, give full play to the advantages of each fuel, further optimize the engine's combustion process, improve energy efficiency, reduce pollutant emissions, and adapt to more complex and changeable working conditions. For example, in some transitional working conditions that require both power and economy, a combination of diesel and methanol or diesel and ammonia fuel can be used for injection; the isolation design of the three fuels can build pressures of different pressures according to the pressure requirements of different fuels, effectively avoid mutual interference between fuels, and ensure the independent and stable operation of each fuel supply system. The design of servo oil control ensures the stability of the dual solenoid valve control component from the oil pressure regulation level, so that the entire injector can always maintain an accurate and reliable working state under a complex working environment, providing solid support for the continuous and efficient operation of the engine. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dual solenoid valve control component;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the pilot control component structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Combination Figure 1-3 The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel of the present invention comprises a methanol interface 1, a diesel interface 2, a diesel pressure storage chamber 3, a pressure storage chamber wall 4, an oil circuit adjustment block 5, a diesel supply pipeline 6, a methanol supply oil circuit 7, a solenoid valve control component fastening block 8, a pilot control component 9, a diesel needle valve 10, a methanol needle valve 11, a diesel needle valve oil storage chamber 12, a nozzle 13, a diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, a diesel spray hole 15, a methanol spray hole 16, and an ammonia fuel interface. 17. Fastening cap 18. Methanol pressure accumulation chamber 19. Ammonia fuel pressure accumulation chamber 20. Upper tightening cap 21. Double solenoid valve control assembly 22. Ammonia fuel supply pipeline 23. Ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline 24. Methanol needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline 25. Upper orifice plate 26. Ammonia fuel needle valve 27. Methanol needle valve oil storage chamber 28. Ammonia fuel needle valve oil storage chamber 29. Ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber 30. Ammonia fuel spray hole 31. Methanol needle valve pressure chamber 32.

[0023] The fastening cap 18, the pressure accumulator chamber wall 4, the oil circuit adjustment block 5, the solenoid valve control assembly fastening block 8, the upper orifice plate 26, the diesel needle valve 10, and the nozzle 13 are installed from top to bottom and connected by positioning pins, and the whole is wrapped in the upper tightening cap 21. Among them, the dual solenoid valve control assembly 22 is wrapped in the solenoid valve control assembly fastening block 8 to form a whole. The fastening cap 18 is connected to the upper tightening cap 21 by threads, and the nozzle 13 is connected to the upper tightening cap 21 by a bayonet. The diesel needle valve 10, the methanol needle valve 11 and the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 are installed in the reserved position in the nozzle 13, and the bottom of the nozzle 13 is processed with pressure chambers (diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, methanol needle valve pressure chamber 32, ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber 30) and spray holes (diesel spray holes 15, methanol spray holes 16, ammonia fuel spray holes 31) corresponding to each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, ammonia fuel needle valve 27).

[0024] Diesel is pressurized in the diesel pressure accumulator 3 through the diesel interface 2, and then reaches the diesel needle valve oil storage chamber 12 through the diesel supply pipeline 6 to complete the fuel supply. Methanol is pressurized in the methanol pressure accumulator 19 through the methanol interface 1, and then reaches the methanol needle valve oil storage chamber 28 through the methanol oil supply line 7 to complete the methanol fuel supply. Ammonia fuel is pressurized in the ammonia fuel pressure accumulator 20 through the ammonia fuel interface 17, and then reaches the ammonia fuel needle valve oil storage chamber 29 through the ammonia fuel supply pipeline 23 to complete the ammonia fuel supply.

[0025] The dual solenoid valve control assembly 22 includes an upper solenoid valve return spring 33, an upper section of the control valve core 34, a diesel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline 35, a lower solenoid valve return spring 36, a lower section of the control valve core 37, a lower solenoid valve armature 38, a lower solenoid valve 39, an upper solenoid valve 40, an upper solenoid valve armature 41, an upper return oil chamber 42, an upper return oil hole 43, an upper chamber of the control valve core 44, an internal oil circuit of the control valve core 45, a lower return oil hole 46, a lower chamber of the control valve core 47, a lower return oil chamber 48 and a dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49.

[0026] The upper solenoid valve 40 is composed of an upper solenoid valve armature 41, a control valve core 34 and an upper solenoid valve return spring 33, and the lower solenoid valve 39 is composed of a control valve core lower section 37, a lower solenoid valve armature 38 and a lower solenoid valve return spring 36. The upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are symmetrically installed in a control valve housing 49.

[0027] The double solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 is processed with flanges on the upper and lower parts to place the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36 respectively. The two return springs press the control valve core upper section 34 and the control valve core lower section 37 into a whole and limit them in the middle of the double solenoid valve control assembly housing 49. The control valve core upper section 34 is processed with a protrusion at the bottom, which cooperates with the top groove of the control valve core lower section 37 to form a seal. The control valve core internal oil circuit 45 is also processed in the control valve core lower section 37, which is connected with the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline 35 after the top seal is released. The control valve core upper section 34 and the double solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 are sealed to form an upper oil return chamber 42, and the control valve core lower section 37 and the double solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 are sealed to form a lower oil return chamber 48, which are connected to the servo oil tank through the upper oil return hole 43 and the lower oil return hole 46 respectively. The housing 49 of the dual solenoid valve control assembly is also processed with a control valve core upper chamber 44 and a control valve core lower chamber 47, which are sealed by the control valve core upper section 34 and the control valve core lower section 37 respectively.

[0028] The pilot control assembly 9 is composed of a first servo oil supply circuit 50, a diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 52, a diesel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole 51, a diesel needle valve control chamber 53, a diesel needle valve return spring 54, a diesel needle valve needle valve chamber 55, a methanol needle valve needle valve chamber 56, a second servo oil supply circuit 57, a methanol needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 58, a third servo oil supply circuit 59, a lower orifice plate 60, a methanol needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole 61, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole 62, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 63, an ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64, an ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65, an ammonia fuel needle valve needle valve chamber 66, a methanol needle valve control chamber 67 and a methanol needle valve return spring 68.

[0029] The upper orifice plate 26 is respectively processed with servo oil filling holes (first servo oil supply oil passage 50, second servo oil supply oil passage 57, third servo oil supply oil passage 59) corresponding to each needle valve control chamber (diesel needle valve control chamber 53, ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64, methanol needle valve control chamber 67), and oil supply is completed through the oil inlet throttle hole (diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 52, methanol needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 58, ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 63) corresponding to each control chamber. Each needle valve control chamber is obtained by the top of each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, ammonia fuel needle valve 27) and the lower orifice plate 60 to form a seal. Each needle valve cooperates with the nozzle 13 to form a corresponding needle valve cavity (diesel needle valve cavity 55, methanol needle valve cavity 56, ammonia fuel needle valve cavity 66), and a return spring of the corresponding needle valve is placed in each needle valve cavity (diesel needle valve return spring 54, methanol needle valve return spring 68, ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65). The needle valve body isolates the needle valve cavity and the control cavity to prevent fuel from contaminating the servo oil.

[0030] The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel of the present invention can realize precise control of each needle valve through a dual solenoid valve control component, complete independent injection of each needle valve, and has three basic injection modes: independent diesel injection, independent methanol injection, and independent ammonia fuel injection.

[0031] In the initial state, in the dual solenoid valve control assembly 22, the coils of the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are in a de-energized state, the upper section 34 of the control valve core and the lower section 37 of the control valve core are placed in the middle position of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, the upper chamber 44 of the control valve core and the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core are sealed, and the diesel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline 35 and the control valve core internal oil circuit 45 are also in a disconnected state.

[0032] At the same time, in the pilot control assembly 9, the high-pressure servo oil in each needle valve control chamber (diesel needle valve control chamber 53, methanol needle valve control chamber 67, ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64) provides downward pressure to the upper top surface of the needle valve, and cooperates with each needle valve return spring (ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65, methanol needle valve return spring 68, diesel needle valve return spring 54) to make each needle valve (diesel needle valve 10, methanol needle valve 11, ammonia fuel needle valve 27) seated, completing the sealing of each nozzle (diesel spray hole 15, methanol spray hole 16, ammonia fuel spray hole 31).

[0033] When the injector is in methanol injection mode, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 is energized and the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 is de-energized. The coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid valve armature 41, driving the upper section 34 of the control valve core to move upward. The lower section 37 of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring 36. During this process, the upward displacement limit of the control valve core upper section 34 is limited by the flange of the double solenoid valve control component housing 49 on the upper surface of the large end of the control valve core upper section 34. The seal formed by the top depression of the control valve core lower section 37 and the bottom protrusion of the control valve core upper section 34 is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The sealing length of the control valve core lower chamber 47 is less than the displacement, so the seal is released. The methanol needle valve control chamber 67 is connected to the lower return oil chamber 48 through the methanol needle valve control chamber oil return line 25, and the servo oil leaks from the lower return oil hole 46. The liquid pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 gradually reduces the downward pressure on the methanol needle valve 11. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the methanol needle valve reset spring 68 is less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve 11, the methanol needle valve 11 is lifted, and the high-pressure methanol is sprayed out from the methanol spray hole 16 through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber 32 to start spraying.

[0034] When closed, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 loses power, and its upward attraction to the upper solenoid valve armature 41 disappears. The upper section 34 of the control valve core is driven by the upper solenoid valve reset spring 33 to move the lower section 37 of the control valve core downward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper section 34 of the control valve core and the lower solenoid valve reset spring 36, the lower section 37 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, and the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core is sealed. The oil leakage process of the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 is completed, and the servo oil re-builds pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber 67 through the methanol needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 58. When the downward pressure generated by it and the methanol needle valve reset spring 68 is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve 11, the methanol needle valve 11 is seated, and the injection process is completed.

[0035] When the injector performs ammonia fuel injection mode, the coil of the upper solenoid valve 40 loses power, while the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 gains power. The coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 generates a downward attraction force on the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, driving the lower section 37 of the control valve core to move downward. The upper section 34 of the control valve core moves downward due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring 33. During this process, the downward displacement limit of the control valve core lower section 37 is limited by the flange of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing 49 at the lower top surface of the large end of the control valve core lower section 37. The seal formed by the top depression of the control valve core lower section 37 and the protruding part of the bottom of the control valve core upper section 34 is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve. The sealing length of the control valve core upper chamber 44 is less than the displacement, so the seal is released. The ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 is connected to the upper return oil chamber 42 through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline 24, and the servo oil leaks from the upper return oil hole 43. The liquid pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 gradually reduces the downward pressure on the ammonia fuel needle valve 27. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65 is less than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve 27, the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 is lifted, and the high-pressure ammonia fuel is sprayed from the ammonia fuel spray hole 31 through the ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber 30 to start spraying.

[0036] When closed, the coil of the lower solenoid valve 39 loses power, and its downward attraction to the lower solenoid valve return spring 36 disappears. The lower section 37 of the control valve core is driven by the lower solenoid valve return spring 36 to move the upper section 34 of the control valve core upward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, the upper section 34 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, and the upper chamber 44 of the control valve core is sealed. The oil leakage process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 ends, and the servo oil re-builds the pressure of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber 64 through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 63. When the downward pressure generated by it and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring 65 is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve 27, the ammonia fuel needle valve 27 is seated, and the injection process ends.

[0037] When the injector is in diesel fuel injection mode, the coils of the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are energized at the same time, and the generated attraction forces the upper solenoid valve armature 41 to drive the upper section 34 of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower solenoid valve armature 38 to drive the lower section 37 of the control valve core to move downward. The sum of the displacements generated by the two solenoid valves causes the seal formed by the concave top of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the protruding part of the bottom of the upper section 34 of the control valve core to be released, and the servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 reaches the lower oil return chamber 48 through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline 35 and the control valve core internal oil circuit 45, and then leaks out from the lower oil return hole 46. The downward pressure of the diesel needle valve 10 by the liquid pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 gradually decreases. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the diesel needle valve return spring 54 is less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 10 is lifted, and the diesel fuel is sprayed from the diesel spray hole 15 through the diesel needle valve pressure chamber 14, and the injection begins.

[0038] When closed, the two solenoid valves (lower solenoid valve 39 and upper solenoid valve 40) lose power at the same time, the upward attraction of the upper solenoid valve 40 on the upper solenoid valve armature 41 disappears, and the downward attraction of the lower solenoid valve 39 on the lower solenoid valve armature 38 disappears. The upper section 34 of the control valve core moves downward under the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring 33, and the lower section 37 of the control valve core moves upward under the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring 36. When moving to the force balance point between the upper solenoid valve return spring 33 and the lower solenoid valve return spring 36, the upper section 34 of the control valve core and the lower section 37 of the control valve core are closed. The lower section 37 of the control valve core stops at the initial position, and the seal between the depression on the top of the lower section 37 of the control valve core and the protrusion on the bottom of the upper section 34 of the control valve core is established again, and the oil leakage process of the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 is terminated. The servo oil is re-pressurized in the diesel needle valve control chamber 53 from the first servo oil supply oil passage 50 through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole 52. When the downward pressure generated by the servo oil and the diesel needle valve return spring 54 is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 10 is seated, and the injection process ends.

[0039] Through the combination of these three basic modes, the multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel of the present invention can also perform a combined injection or pre-main injection of multiple fuels such as diesel-methanol and diesel-ammonia fuels in a single injection process, thereby solving the problem that methanol and ammonia fuels are difficult to ignite.

[0040] When performing diesel-methanol combined injection, the upper solenoid valve 40 and the lower solenoid valve 39 are energized at the same time, and the injector is in the diesel injection mode. Then the upper solenoid valve 40 remains energized, and the lower solenoid valve 39 changes from the energized state to the de-energized state. At this time, the lower solenoid valve stem 37 moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve reset spring 36, and the seal formed by the top depression of the control valve core lower section 37 and the bottom protrusion of the control valve core upper section 34 is re-established, and the seal of the lower chamber 47 of the control valve core is released, and the injector skips the initial state from the diesel injection mode to the methanol injection mode directly. It is similar when performing diesel-ammonia fuel combined injection.

Claims

1. Multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel, characterized by: It includes a fastening cap and an upper fastening cap. The fastening cap is fixed on the outside of the upper fastening cap. The upper fastening cap is provided with a diesel pressure storage chamber wall, an oil circuit adjustment block, a solenoid valve control component fastening block, an upper orifice plate, a lower orifice plate, and a nozzle in sequence from top to bottom. A double solenoid valve control component is installed in the solenoid valve control component fastening block, and a pilot control component is installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle. A diesel interface, a methanol interface, and an ammonia fuel interface are respectively arranged in the fastening cap. A diesel pressure storage chamber, a methanol pressure storage chamber, and an ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber are respectively arranged in the diesel pressure storage chamber wall. The diesel pressure storage chamber is connected to the diesel interface, the methanol pressure storage chamber is connected to the methanol interface, and the ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel interface.

2. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The double solenoid valve control assembly comprises a double solenoid valve control assembly housing, an upper solenoid valve and a lower solenoid valve, wherein the upper solenoid valve comprises an upper solenoid valve armature, an upper section of a control valve core, and an upper solenoid valve reset spring, and the lower solenoid valve comprises a lower solenoid valve armature, a lower section of a control valve core, and a lower solenoid valve reset spring. The upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core are symmetrically installed in the double solenoid valve control assembly housing, the upper section of the control valve core is sleeved with an upper solenoid valve reset spring, the upper solenoid valve armature is installed on the top of the upper section of the control valve core, and the control valve core is symmetrically installed in the upper section of the control valve core. The lower section of the control valve core is sleeved with a lower solenoid valve reset spring, and the lower solenoid valve armature is installed at the bottom of the lower section of the control valve core; the upper chamber of the control valve core, the lower chamber of the control valve core, the upper oil return hole and the lower oil return hole are respectively arranged in the shell of the double solenoid valve control component, and the lower section of the control valve core is arranged with an internal oil circuit of the control valve core. The upper section of the control valve core and the shell of the double solenoid valve control component form an upper oil return chamber, and the lower section of the control valve core and the shell of the double solenoid valve control component form a lower oil return chamber. The upper oil return chamber is connected to the upper oil return hole, and the lower oil return chamber is connected to the lower oil return hole.

3. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The pilot control component includes a diesel needle valve, a methanol needle valve, and an ammonia fuel needle valve. The diesel needle valve, the methanol needle valve, and the ammonia fuel needle valve are all installed in the lower orifice plate and the nozzle. The diesel needle valve sleeve is provided with a diesel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve sleeve is provided with a methanol needle valve return spring, and the ammonia fuel needle valve sleeve is provided with an ammonia fuel needle valve return spring. The top of the diesel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a diesel needle valve control cavity, the top of the methanol needle valve and the lower orifice plate form a methanol needle valve control cavity, the top of the ammonia fuel needle valve and the lower orifice plate form an ammonia fuel needle valve control cavity, and the diesel needle valve and the nozzle form a The diesel needle valve holds an oil chamber, the methanol needle valve and the nozzle form a methanol needle valve oil chamber, the ammonia fuel needle valve and the nozzle form an ammonia fuel needle valve oil chamber, the diesel needle valve oil chamber is connected to the diesel pressure storage chamber through the diesel supply pipeline, the methanol needle valve oil chamber is connected to the methanol pressure storage chamber through the methanol supply pipeline, the ammonia fuel needle valve oil chamber is connected to the ammonia fuel pressure storage chamber through the ammonia fuel supply pipeline, the diesel needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a diesel spray hole, the methanol needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a methanol spray hole, the ammonia fuel needle valve bottom and the nozzle form a fuel spray hole, and the upper orifice plate is respectively provided with the first The first servo oil supply oil circuit, the second servo oil supply oil circuit, and the third servo oil supply oil circuit are connected to the diesel needle valve control chamber through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole, the second servo oil supply oil circuit and the methanol needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole are connected to the methanol needle valve control chamber, and the third servo oil supply oil circuit is connected to the ammonia fuel control chamber through the ammonia fuel control chamber oil inlet throttle hole. The diesel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole, the methanol needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil outlet throttle hole are respectively arranged in the lower orifice plate. The diesel The oil outlet throttle hole of the needle valve control chamber is respectively connected to the diesel needle valve control chamber and the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline cooperates with the internal oil circuit of the control valve core, the oil outlet throttle hole of the methanol needle valve control chamber is respectively connected to the methanol needle valve control chamber and the methanol needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the methanol control chamber oil return pipeline is connected to the lower chamber of the control valve core, the oil outlet throttle hole of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is respectively connected to the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline, the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline is connected to the upper chamber of the control valve core.

4. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: In the initial state, in the dual solenoid valve control assembly, the coils of the upper solenoid valve and the lower solenoid valve are both in a power-off state, the upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core are placed in the middle position of the dual solenoid valve control assembly housing due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper chamber of the control valve core and the lower chamber of the control valve core are sealed, and the diesel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline and the internal oil circuit of the control valve core are also in a disconnected state; In the pilot control assembly, the high-pressure servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber, the methanol needle valve control chamber, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber provides downward pressure to the upper top surface of the needle valve, and cooperates with the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring, the methanol needle valve return spring, and the diesel needle valve return spring to make the diesel needle valve, the methanol needle valve, and the ammonia fuel needle valve seated, completing the sealing of the diesel spray hole, the methanol spray hole, and the ammonia fuel spray hole.

5. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the methanol injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve coil is energized and the lower solenoid valve coil is de-energized. The upper solenoid valve coil generates an upward attraction force on the upper solenoid valve armature, driving the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward due to the action of the lower solenoid valve reset spring; the upward displacement limit of the upper section of the control valve core is limited by the flange of the double solenoid valve control component housing at the upper top surface of the large end of the upper section of the control valve core, and the seal formed by the top depression of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part of the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core is not released because the sealing length is greater than the displacement of a single solenoid valve, and the sealing length of the lower chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, the seal is released, and the methanol needle valve control chamber is connected with the lower return oil chamber through the methanol needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline, and the servo oil leaks from the lower return oil hole. The downward pressure of the methanol needle valve on the methanol needle valve by the liquid pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber gradually decreases. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the methanol needle valve reset spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve is lifted, and the high-pressure methanol is sprayed from the methanol spray hole through the methanol needle valve pressure chamber to start injection. When closed, the upper solenoid valve coil loses power, and its upward attraction to the upper solenoid valve armature disappears. The upper section of the control valve core is driven by the upper solenoid valve reset spring to move the lower section of the control valve core downward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper section of the control valve core and the lower solenoid valve reset spring, the lower section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the lower chamber of the control valve core is sealed, and the oil leakage process of the methanol needle valve control chamber is completed. The servo oil re-builds pressure in the methanol needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the methanol needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the methanol needle valve reset spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure methanol on the methanol needle valve, the methanol needle valve falls into its seat, and the injection process is completed.

6. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the ammonia fuel injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve coil loses power, while the lower solenoid valve coil gains power. The lower solenoid valve coil exerts a downward attraction on the lower solenoid valve return spring, driving the lower section of the control valve core to move downward. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward due to the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring. In this process, the downward displacement limit of the lower section of the control valve core is limited by the flange of the housing of the double solenoid valve control assembly at the lower top surface of the large end of the lower section of the control valve core. The seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding part of the bottom of the upper section of the control valve core has a longer sealing length than that of the single solenoid valve control assembly. The solenoid valve is displaced but not released, and the sealing length of the upper chamber of the control valve core is less than the displacement, the seal is released, and the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is connected to the upper return oil chamber through the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber oil return pipeline. The servo oil leaks out from the upper return oil hole, and the liquid pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber gradually reduces the downward pressure on the ammonia fuel needle valve. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring is less than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve is lifted, and the high-pressure ammonia fuel is sprayed out from the ammonia fuel spray hole through the ammonia fuel needle valve pressure chamber, and injection begins. When closed, the lower solenoid valve coil loses power, and its downward attraction to the lower solenoid valve return spring disappears. The lower section of the control valve core is driven by the lower solenoid valve return spring to move the upper section of the control valve core upward. When it moves to the force balance point between the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper section of the control valve core stops at the initial position, the upper chamber of the control valve core is sealed, and the oil leakage process of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber is completed. The servo oil re-builds pressure in the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber through the oil inlet throttle hole of the ammonia fuel needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the ammonia fuel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the high-pressure ammonia fuel on the ammonia fuel needle valve, the ammonia fuel needle valve falls into its seat, and the injection process is completed.

7. The multi-fuel electronically controlled fuel injector with multiple needle valves in parallel according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the diesel fuel injection mode is in progress, the upper solenoid valve and the lower solenoid valve coils are energized at the same time, and the generated attraction forces the upper solenoid valve armature to drive the upper section of the control valve core to move upward, and the lower solenoid valve armature to drive the lower section of the control valve core to move downward. The sum of the displacements generated by the two solenoid valves releases the seal formed by the concave top of the lower section of the control valve core and the protruding bottom of the upper section of the control valve core. The servo oil in the diesel needle valve control chamber reaches the lower oil return chamber through the diesel needle valve control chamber return oil pipeline and the internal oil circuit of the control valve core, and then leaks out from the lower oil return hole. The downward pressure of the diesel needle valve on the diesel needle valve by the liquid pressure in the diesel needle valve control chamber gradually decreases. When the combined force of the downward pressure and the diesel needle valve return spring is less than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve, the diesel needle valve is lifted, and the diesel fuel is sprayed out from the diesel spray hole through the diesel needle valve pressure chamber, and the injection begins. When closed, the lower solenoid valve and the upper solenoid valve lose power at the same time, the upward attraction of the upper solenoid valve on the upper solenoid valve armature disappears, and the downward attraction of the lower solenoid valve on the lower solenoid valve armature 38 disappears. The upper section of the control valve core moves downward under the action of the upper solenoid valve return spring, and the lower section of the control valve core moves upward under the action of the lower solenoid valve return spring. When moving to the force balance point of the upper solenoid valve return spring and the lower solenoid valve return spring, the upper section of the control valve core and the lower section of the control valve core stop at the initial position, and the seal between the top depression of the lower section of the control valve core and the bottom protrusion of the upper section of the control valve core is established again, and the oil leakage process of the diesel needle valve control chamber is terminated. The servo oil from the first servo oil supply oil path passes through the diesel needle valve control chamber oil inlet throttle hole to re-build the pressure of the diesel needle valve control chamber. When the downward pressure generated by it and the diesel needle valve return spring is greater than the upward force of the diesel fuel on the diesel needle valve 10, the diesel needle valve 0 is seated, and the injection process ends.

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