Surge control method, device, vehicle and equipment

Abstract

The present application relates to a surge control method, device, vehicle and equipment, and relates to the technical field of vehicles. The method includes: obtaining the inlet stack flow rate of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold; the inlet stack flow rate is the flow rate of the reaction gas entering the stack of the fuel cell; the inlet stack flow rate is determined based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate; based on the inlet stack flow rate and the surge control threshold, determining whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition; the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system; if the air system meets the surge control condition, surge control is performed on the air system. Thus, effective surge control is performed on the air compressor.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of vehicles, in particular to the technical field of fuel cells, and specifically relates to a surge control method, device, vehicle, and equipment. Background Art

[0002] A fuel cell is a power generation device that directly converts the chemical energy in fuel into electrical energy, and is also known as an electrochemical generator. A fuel cell engine is equipped with an air system, which is mainly used to supply reaction air. However, the air compressor in the air system may experience a surge phenomenon under specific working conditions. Specifically, the air flow generates periodic oscillations inside the air compressor, accompanied by abnormal noises similar to "asthma". The surge phenomenon will have a serious impact on the air where the air compressor is located. For example, the surge phenomenon may damage the stability of the air compressor and easily cause abnormal pressure between various parts of the air compressor. Therefore, it is necessary to explore an effective way to avoid the surge phenomenon of the air compressor.

[0003] In a related technology, it is proposed to first obtain an estimated bypass flow rate based on the in-stack estimated flow rate and the set air compressor flow rate, and then determine the target bypass control flow rate based on the estimated bypass flow rate and the desired bypass flow rate to achieve the flow control of the bypass path. However, the model used in this method is relatively complex, which may increase the algorithm load of the controller.

[0004] In another related technology, it is proposed to judge the blockage by determining whether the deviation between the actual opening and the calibrated opening of the pressure regulating valve is greater than a second threshold and whether the current air flow rate and pressure meet the working condition requirements. However, this method does not further achieve surge control of the air system through control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a surge control method, device, vehicle, and equipment to at least solve the technical problem that it is difficult to perform surge control on an air compressor in related technologies. The technical solution of the present application is as follows:

[0006] According to the first aspect provided by the present application, a surge control method is provided, including: obtaining the in-stack flow rate of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold; the in-stack flow rate is the flow rate of the reaction gas entering the stack of the fuel cell; the in-stack flow rate is determined based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate; based on the in-stack flow rate and the surge control threshold, determining whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition; the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system; if the air system meets the surge control condition, then perform surge control on the air system.

[0007] According to the above technical means, the present application can monitor the in-stack flow rate of the fuel cell in real time, compare it with the surge control threshold, and promptly detect whether the air system is in a critical state of surge. Once the surge control conditions are met, the air system is immediately adjusted accordingly, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of surge phenomena.

[0008] In a possible implementation manner, the in-stack flow rate is obtained in the following way: obtain the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate of the fuel cell; the air filter flow rate is the air flow rate that enters the fuel cell after passing through the air filter; the estimated bypass flow rate is the gas flow rate estimated to bypass to the low-pressure area through the bypass valve; calculate the in-stack flow rate based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0009] According to the above technical means, the present application can flexibly adjust the air supply system by monitoring the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate to meet different requirements of the fuel cell.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, the estimated bypass flow rate is obtained in the following way: obtain the opening degree of the bypass valve and the first pressure ratio; the first pressure ratio is the pressure ratio between the upstream and downstream of the bypass valve; determine the estimated bypass flow rate based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio.

[0011] According to the above technical means, by simultaneously considering the opening degree of the bypass valve, the first pressure ratio, and the in-stack temperature, the present application can more comprehensively reflect the actual operating state of the fuel cell system, thereby accurately determining the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0012] In a possible implementation manner, determining the estimated bypass flow rate based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio includes: determining an initial bypass flow rate matching the opening degree; the opening degree and the initial bypass flow rate satisfy a first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes a plurality of bypass flow rates corresponding one-to-one to a plurality of opening degrees.

[0013] According to the above technical means, by determining the initial bypass flow rate matching the opening degree and the first pressure ratio, the present application can establish a flow control basis based on the opening degree. This mapping relationship (the first mapping relationship) enables a relatively accurate bypass flow rate value to be quickly obtained at a given opening degree.

[0014] In a possible implementation manner, the method further includes: obtaining the in-stack temperature; the in-stack temperature is the temperature of the reaction gas entering the stack; based on a correction coefficient, correct the estimated bypass flow rate to obtain a corrected estimated bypass flow rate, and the correction coefficient is related to the first pressure ratio, the in-stack temperature, and the valve characteristics of the bypass valve.

[0015] According to the above technical means, by considering multiple factors such as the first pressure ratio, the in-stack temperature, and the valve characteristics of the bypass valve to correct the bypass flow rate value, the present application can obtain an estimated bypass flow rate closer to the actual demand.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the surge control threshold is obtained in the following manner: obtaining the second pressure ratio of the fuel cell and the intake air temperature of the fuel cell; the second pressure ratio is the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake air pressure of the fuel cell; based on the second pressure ratio, the intake air pressure, and the intake air temperature, the surge control threshold is determined.

[0017] According to the above technical means, the present application can more comprehensively reflect the actual working state of the air compressor by simultaneously considering the second pressure ratio (i.e., the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake air pressure), the intake air pressure, and the intake air temperature, so as to more accurately determine the surge control threshold.

[0018] In a possible implementation, based on the second pressure ratio, the intake air pressure, and the intake air temperature of the fuel cell, determining the surge control threshold includes: determining an initial surge control threshold that matches the second pressure ratio; the second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold satisfy a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes multiple control thresholds that correspond one-to-one to multiple second pressure ratios; based on the intake air pressure and the intake air temperature, correcting the initial surge control threshold to obtain the surge control threshold.

[0019] According to the above technical means, the present application can not only consider the key factor of the pressure ratio, but also combine the intake air pressure and the intake air temperature to more accurately judge the surge control threshold, and can dynamically adjust the surge control threshold according to the actual working conditions, thereby improving the flexibility and accuracy of surge detection.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the in-stack flow rate is greater than the surge control threshold.

[0021] According to the second aspect provided by the present application, a surge control device is provided, including: an acquisition unit, a judgment unit, and a control unit; the acquisition unit is used to acquire the in-stack flow rate of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold; the in-stack flow rate is the flow rate of the reaction gas entering the stack of the fuel cell; the in-stack flow rate is determined based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate; the judgment unit is used to judge whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition based on the in-stack flow rate and the surge control threshold; the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system; the control unit is used to perform surge control on the air system if the air system meets the surge control condition.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the acquisition unit is specifically used to: acquire the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate of the fuel cell; the air filter flow rate is the flow rate of the air entering the fuel cell after passing through the air filter; the estimated bypass flow rate is the flow rate of the gas estimated to bypass to the low-pressure area through the bypass valve; based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate, calculate the in-stack flow rate.

[0023] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to: obtain the opening degree of the bypass valve and the first pressure ratio; the first pressure ratio may be the pressure ratio upstream and downstream of the valve of the bypass valve; and determine the estimated bypass flow rate based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio.

[0024] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to: determine the initial bypass flow rate matching the opening degree; the opening degree and the initial bypass flow rate satisfy a first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes multiple bypass flow rates corresponding one-to-one to multiple opening degrees.

[0025] In a possible implementation manner, the device further includes: an obtaining unit, further configured to obtain the inlet temperature of the reactor; a correction unit, configured to correct the estimated bypass flow rate based on a correction coefficient to obtain the corrected estimated bypass flow rate, where the correction coefficient is related to the first pressure ratio, the inlet temperature of the reactor, and the valve characteristics of the bypass valve.

[0026] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to: obtain the second pressure ratio of the fuel cell and the inlet temperature of the fuel cell; the second pressure ratio is the ratio between the ambient pressure and the inlet pressure of the fuel cell; and determine the surge control threshold based on the second pressure ratio, the inlet pressure, and the inlet temperature.

[0027] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit is specifically configured to: determine the initial surge control threshold matching the second pressure ratio; the second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold satisfy a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes multiple control thresholds corresponding one-to-one to multiple second pressure ratios; and correct the initial surge control threshold based on the inlet pressure and the inlet temperature to obtain the surge control threshold.

[0028] According to a third aspect provided by the present application, a vehicle is provided, including the surge control device in the second aspect.

[0029] According to a fourth aspect provided by the present application, an electronic device is provided, including: a processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; wherein, the processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

[0030] According to a fifth aspect provided by the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, which when the instructions in the computer-readable storage medium are executed by the processor of the electronic device, enables the electronic device to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

[0031] According to a sixth aspect provided by the present application, a computer program product is provided, the computer program product includes computer instructions, which when the computer instructions run on the electronic device, enable the electronic device to execute the method in the first aspect and any possible implementation manner thereof.

[0032] It should be noted that for the technical effects brought by any implementation manner in the second to sixth aspects, reference may be made to the technical effects brought by the corresponding implementation manner in the first aspect, which will not be elaborated here.

[0033] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and do not limit this application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and form a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with this application, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of this application, and do not constitute an improper limitation to this application.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0036] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0037] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a surge control method shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0038] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a bypass design of an air system shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0039] Figure 5 is a schematic flow diagram of surge control and bypass flow estimation shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0040] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between bypass pressure ratio and relative flow ratio coefficient shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0041] Figure 7 is a block diagram of a surge control device shown according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0042] Figure 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device shown according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0043] In order to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to better understand the technical solutions of this application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description, claims and the above-mentioned drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, and do not necessarily need to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present application described here can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described here. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0045] First, the related technologies involved in this application are explained to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art.

[0046] The air system of a fuel cell engine can provide reaction air for the fuel cell, and its core components include an air filter, an air compressor, a humidifying device, an intercooler, a back pressure control valve, and connecting pipes. Among them, the rotational speed of the air compressor directly determines the gas flow rate of the air system, and as the rotational speed of the air compressor increases, the accompanying parasitic power loss also increases.

[0047] Under specific operating conditions of the fuel cell engine, for example, in low-flow high-pressure ratio operating conditions or in high-altitude environments, the air compressor may experience a surge phenomenon. This is mainly due to the inherent operating characteristics of the air compressor. The surge phenomenon may have an adverse impact on the system. Therefore, it is particularly important to implement effective surge control for the air system.

[0048] Surge control strategies can be started from two dimensions: one is to adjust system parameters to increase gas flow rate and reduce pressure ratio to avoid surge risks; the other is to add a bypass valve in the air system to additionally increase the flow rate to prevent surges. Specifically, the surge control limit of the air compressor needs to be designed in advance. When the actual flow-pressure ratio curve of the system touches or exceeds this limit, the opening action of the bypass valve is triggered, and then the closed-loop regulation of the bypass flow rate is realized. This series of operation processes is the surge control mechanism of the air system.

[0049] Exemplarily, Figure 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a fuel cell.

[0050] Figure 1 The fuel cell in includes an air system and a stack. The air system includes: an air filter, an air compressor, an intercooler, a back pressure valve, a bypass valve, a stop valve, a flow meter (m), and a pressure sensor (p).

[0051] The air filter, namely the air cleaner, is used to filter out dust, particulate matter and other harmful substances in the air, preventing these substances from entering the fuel cell stack and clogging the flow channels, thereby protecting the fuel cell from damage.

[0052] The air compressor, namely the compressor, is used to provide compressed air for the fuel cell, which is the source of oxygen required for the electrochemical reaction. The air compressor needs to meet the oil-free design to avoid lubricating oil polluting the fuel cell system.

[0053] The intercooler can be used to reduce the temperature of the air compressed by the air compressor, ensuring that the air entering the fuel cell is within the appropriate operating temperature range.

[0054] The back pressure valve can work in coordination with the air compressor to provide a stable and appropriate air flow rate and pressure for the fuel cell stack according to its intake air demand.

[0055] The bypass valve is a valve used to divert or regulate the gas flow path, which can bypass part or all of the gas around the air compressor or other components of the fuel cell and enter the bypass, ensuring that the air system can still operate. The gas flow rate entering the bypass through the bypass valve is called the bypass flow rate.

[0056] The stop valve can be used to cut off or connect the air flow in the air system, usually used to close the system during maintenance or in an emergency.

[0057] The flow meter can be used to measure the air flow rate entering the air compressor, namely the air filter flow rate, ensuring that the system can provide an appropriate amount of air according to the need.

[0058] The pressure sensor can be used to measure the air pressure at the inlet and outlet of the air compressor, ensuring that the system can operate at an appropriate pressure. The data provided by these sensors is crucial for the control and regulation of the system.

[0059] The fuel cell stack is the core component of the fuel cell, responsible for converting the chemical energy of hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy through an electrochemical reaction. The performance of the fuel cell stack directly affects the overall performance of the fuel cell system.

[0060] In a possible implementation, the air system may further include a humidifier and pipes. The humidifier can be used to maintain the air humidity at an appropriate level to prevent the proton exchange membrane from drying out or being blocked by water. The pipes can be used as a channel for air to enter the fuel cell cathode system from the atmospheric environment, connecting each component to ensure smooth air flow. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0061] In a related technology, a clogging diagnosis method for a fuel cell air system is proposed. This method includes a clogging diagnosis method for the front-end air system of the fuel cell stack and a clogging diagnosis method for the rear-end air system of the fuel cell stack. The front-end clogging diagnosis method mainly includes judging whether the deviation between the actual air compressor speed and the corrected air compressor speed is greater than a first threshold, and whether the air compressor surges to judge clogging; the rear-end clogging judgment method mainly includes judging whether the deviation between the actual opening and the calibrated opening of the pressure regulating valve is greater than a second threshold and whether the current air flow and pressure meet the working condition requirements to judge clogging. This method can effectively and quickly diagnose whether there is clogging and surge in the air system of the fuel cell system, but does not further achieve surge control of the air system through control.

[0062] In another related technology, a bypass flow control method, a control system and an electronic device for a fuel cell are proposed. The method includes: inputting the inlet pressure of the fuel cell air system into a pre-constructed adaptive observation model to obtain an estimated inlet flow rate, obtaining an estimated bypass flow rate according to the estimated inlet flow rate and a pre-determined air compressor flow rate, and determining a target bypass control flow rate according to the estimated bypass flow rate and the desired bypass flow rate, where the target bypass control flow rate is used to control the opening of the back pressure valve of the fuel cell air system. This method uses an adaptive observation model bypass flow control method, and the model is relatively complex, increasing the algorithm load of the controller.

[0063] In yet another related technology, a fuel cell air path device and a control method are proposed: The device includes an air filter, a main air compressor, an auxiliary air compressor, an electromagnetic valve and a gas-water separator; an air delivery pipeline is connected to the inlet of the air filter, the outlet of the air filter is connected to the inlet of the main air compressor through a first delivery pipeline, and the outlet of the main air compressor is connected to the inlet of the fuel cell stack through a second delivery pipeline; the outlet of the fuel cell stack is connected to the inlet of the gas-water separator through a third delivery pipeline, and the outlet of the gas-water separator is connected to the first delivery pipeline through a fourth delivery pipeline, and the auxiliary air compressor and the electromagnetic valve are arranged on the fourth delivery pipeline; the fourth delivery pipeline is also connected to a fifth delivery pipeline. This method adopts a series connection method of two air compressors, and can relieve the problem of insufficient intake air volume through pipeline switching and the control of the two air compressors when the air compressor surges. The design structure of the two air compressors in this method is not conducive to the structural optimization of the fuel cell engine.

[0064] Based on this, the current related technologies have the following technical defects:

[0065] When surge occurs, the determination process of the bypass flow rate request depends on the Measurement and Analysis Profile (MAP) of the air compressor. Specifically, by analyzing the relationship between the operating conditions of the air compressor and the corresponding parameters such as flow rate and pressure, the required bypass flow rate can be estimated more accurately to ensure that the air compressor operates stably in the non-surge region.

[0066] However, when the bypass valve is opened to adjust the flow rate, the air system faces a challenge: since the air flow meter is only installed at the air filter, the actual flow rate of air entering the fuel cell stack cannot be directly and accurately measured.

[0067] Although adding a bypass flow meter can directly provide the required flow rate data, this approach will undoubtedly increase the overall cost of the system. In addition, considering the durability of the air flow meter in high-temperature and high-humidity environments, this solution is difficult to implement.

[0068] Therefore, it is particularly important to study the bypass flow rate prediction model and the surge control strategy based on the bypass valve.

[0069] In view of the defects in the above related technologies and to solve the problem of difficult surge control of the air compressor in the related technologies, this application provides a surge control method that can obtain the in-stack flow rate and the surge control threshold of the fuel cell, and based on the in-stack flow rate and the surge control threshold, determine whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control conditions. If the air system meets the surge control conditions, further surge control is performed on the air system.

[0070] Based on this, this application can monitor the in-stack flow rate of the fuel cell in real time and compare it with the surge control threshold to timely detect whether the air system is in the critical state of surge. Once the surge control conditions are met, the air system is immediately adjusted accordingly, thus effectively avoiding the occurrence of surge phenomenon.

[0071] The above is an explanation of the related technologies, which will not be elaborated below.

[0072] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, rather than all the embodiments.

[0073] The surge control method provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to vehicles. Vehicles can also be referred to as transportation means (vehicle), mobile carrier, electric vehicle (EV), hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV), fuel cell vehicle (FCV), autonomous vehicle, intelligent and connected vehicle (ICV), driverless vehicle, etc.

[0074] In the embodiments of the present application, the vehicle can be a sedan, a sport utility vehicle (SUV), a truck, an electric vehicle, a motorcycle, a tricycle, a special vehicle (such as an ambulance, a fire truck, a police car, etc.), a driverless taxi, an intelligent and connected bus, an autonomous logistics vehicle, an electric truck, etc. In addition, this method is also applicable to various special vehicles, such as agricultural vehicles, mining vehicles, forestry vehicles, airport vehicles, port vehicles, etc. The present application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0075] Exemplarily, as Figure 2 shown, Figure 2 FIG. 200 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle 200 shown according to an exemplary embodiment.

[0076] In a possible implementation manner, the vehicle 200 may include a surge control device 201, a data acquisition device 202, and an air system 203 of a fuel cell.

[0077] Optionally, Figure 2 a communication connection can be established between the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202. A communication connection can be established between the surge control device 201 and the air system 203 of the fuel cell. A communication connection can be established between the data acquisition device 202 and the air system 203 of the fuel cell.

[0078] In practical applications, the surge control device 201 can be communicatively connected to one or more data acquisition devices 202. The surge control device 201 can be communicatively connected to one or more air systems 203 of the fuel cell. The data acquisition device 202 can be communicatively connected to one or more air systems 203 of the fuel cell.

[0079] For the sake of easy understanding, this application takes, as an example, a surge control device 201 communicatively connected to a data acquisition device 202 and an air system 203 of a fuel cell, and a data acquisition device 202 communicatively connected to an air system 203 of a fuel cell for illustration.

[0080] Optionally, Figure 2 the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202 in can be functional modules integrated in the same device, or can be devices independently provided. This application does not limit this.

[0081] It is easy to understand that when the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202 are functional modules integrated in the same device, the communication method between the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202 is the communication between internal modules of the device. In this case, the communication process between the two is the same as the "communication process when the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202 are independently provided".

[0082] For the sake of easy understanding, this application mainly takes the case where the surge control device 201 and the data acquisition device 202 are independently provided for illustration.

[0083] Figure 2 The data acquisition device 202 in can obtain the inlet flow rate of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold from the air system 203 of the fuel cell, and send them to the surge control device 201. The surge control device 201 can judge whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition based on the inlet flow rate and the surge control threshold. Furthermore, if the air system meets the surge control condition, surge control is performed on the air system.

[0084] Optionally, Figure 2 the surge control device 201 in can be a terminal, a server, or other types of electronic devices. Figure 2 What is shown in is only an example of the device form of the surge control device 201, and does not limit it.

[0085] When the surge control device 201 is a terminal, the terminal can be a device that provides voice and / or data connectivity to the user, a handheld device with wireless connection capabilities, or other processing devices connected to a wireless modem. The terminal can communicate with one or more core networks via a radio access network (RAN). The terminal can be a mobile terminal, such as a computer with a mobile terminal, or a mobile device built into the vehicle 200, which exchanges language and / or data with the radio access network. For example, mobile phones, tablets, laptops, netbooks, personal digital assistants (PDAs). This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0086] When the surge control device 201 is a server, the server can be a single server, or alternatively, it can be a server cluster composed of multiple servers. In some embodiments, the server cluster can also be a distributed cluster. This application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0087] It should be noted that the structure illustrated in the embodiments of this application does not limit the vehicle 200. It can include more or fewer components than those shown, or combine certain components, or split certain components, or have different component arrangements. The illustrated components can be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

[0088] For ease of understanding, the following provides a specific introduction to the surge control method provided by this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0089] Figure 3 is a flowchart of a surge control method shown according to an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the surge control method includes the following steps: S301 - S303.

[0090] S301. Obtain the inlet flow rate of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold.

[0091] Among them, the inlet flow rate is the flow rate of the reaction gas entering the stack of the fuel cell. The inlet flow rate is determined based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate. The reaction gas usually includes hydrogen (anode gas), air, or oxygen (cathode gas).

[0092] In a possible implementation, in order to obtain the inlet stack flow rate, the surge control device may obtain the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate of the fuel cell, and calculate the inlet stack flow rate based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate. For the specific implementation of the surge control device to obtain the inlet stack flow rate, reference may be made to the following S401 - S402. In another possible implementation, in order to obtain the surge control threshold, the surge control device may obtain the second pressure ratio of the fuel cell. The surge control device may determine the surge control threshold based on the second pressure ratio, the intake pressure, and the intake temperature of the fuel cell. For the specific implementation of the surge control device to obtain the surge control threshold, reference may be made to the following S501 - S502.

[0093] S302. Based on the inlet stack flow rate and the surge control threshold, determine whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition.

[0094] Among them, the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the surge control condition may include: the inlet stack flow rate is greater than the surge control threshold.

[0096] It should be noted that when the inlet stack flow rate is greater than the surge control threshold, the requested bypass flow rate of the fuel cell is less than zero. At this time, a low flow rate and high pressure ratio occur inside the fuel cell, which may cause the fuel cell to surge. Therefore, it is necessary to perform surge control on the air system of the fuel cell. In a possible implementation, the requested bypass flow rate can be used to characterize the flow rate that needs to be bypassed to the low - pressure area of the fuel cell.

[0097] Exemplarily, the following first formula is satisfied among the requested bypass flow rate, the inlet stack flow rate, and the surge control threshold:

[0098]

[0099] Among them, can be used to characterize the requested bypass flow rate. can be used to characterize the surge control threshold. can be used to characterize the inlet stack flow rate.

[0100] S303. If the air system meets the surge control condition, perform surge control on the air system.

[0101] Exemplarily, when it is determined that the air system meets the surge control conditions, the surge control device can perform surge control on the air system based on the following methods: the surge control device can relieve the compressor surge by dynamically controlling the change path and rate of the "flow - pressure ratio" of the air compressor, or the surge control device can configure a control algorithm to adaptively adjust the control strategy by judging the current operating conditions of the air system to cope with different operating conditions and surge risks. Or, the surge control device can increase the opening degree of the bypass valve to increase the flow rate of the air compressor. This application does not make specific limitations on this.

[0102] Based on the above technical solution, this application can monitor the in - stack flow rate of the fuel cell in real time and compare it with the surge control threshold to timely detect whether the air system is in the critical state of surge. Once the surge control conditions are met, corresponding adjustments are immediately made to the air system, thereby effectively avoiding the occurrence of surge phenomena.

[0103] In some embodiments, in order to obtain the in - stack flow rate, the surge control method provided by this application further includes the following steps: S401 - S402.

[0104] S401. Obtain the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate of the fuel cell.

[0105] Among them, the air filter flow rate can be the air flow rate entering the fuel cell after passing through the air filter. The estimated bypass flow rate is the gas flow rate estimated to bypass to the low - pressure area through the bypass valve.

[0106] In a possible implementation manner, a flow meter can be deployed at the air filter of the air system, and the flow meter can record the air flow rate entering the fuel cell after passing through the air filter, that is, the air filter flow rate.

[0107] It should be noted that the area near the bypass valve is in a high - temperature and high - humidity state, and the flow meter is not resistant to high temperature and high humidity. Therefore, it is difficult to install a flow meter near the bypass valve to calculate the estimated bypass flow rate. The surge control device can estimate the estimated bypass flow rate based on the obtained data.

[0108] In a possible implementation manner, the surge control device can obtain the opening degree of the bypass valve and the first pressure ratio.

[0109] Among them, the first pressure ratio can be the pressure ratio between the upstream and downstream of the bypass valve of the valve.

[0110] Specifically, a position sensor or a potentiometer can be deployed on the bypass valve. The position sensor or the potentiometer can monitor and feedback the opening degree information of the bypass valve in real time, that is, the current opening degree of the valve. The surge control device can determine the opening degree of the bypass valve by reading the signal of this sensor.

[0111] Secondly, pressure sensors can be respectively deployed upstream and downstream of the bypass valve. The pressure sensors can monitor and feedback the pressure values upstream and downstream of the bypass valve in real time. The surge control device can calculate the ratio of these two pressure values to obtain the first pressure ratio.

[0112] In addition, a temperature sensor can be deployed at the inlet of the fuel cell stack. The temperature sensor can monitor and feedback the temperature value of the reaction gas entering the stack in real time. The surge control device can read the signal of the temperature sensor to determine the temperature entering the stack.

[0113] In a possible implementation manner, the surge control device can estimate the gas flow rate bypassed by the bypass valve to the low-pressure area based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio, that is, determine the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0114] In a possible implementation manner, in order to determine the estimated bypass flow rate, the surge control device can determine the initial bypass flow rate matching the opening degree from the first mapping relationship.

[0115] Wherein, the opening degree and the initial bypass flow rate satisfy the first mapping relationship. The first mapping relationship includes multiple bypass flow rates corresponding one by one to multiple opening degrees.

[0116] It should be noted that the first mapping relationship can be obtained through pre-experiment determination and data analysis. In the experiment determination stage, technicians or the surge control device can make a series of opening degree adjustments to the bypass valve and measure the corresponding bypass flow rate at each opening degree. These measurement data are used to construct the first mapping relationship between the opening degree and the bypass flow rate.

[0117] In addition, in order to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data, multiple repeated measurements will be carried out during the experiment, and the measurement results will be averaged or weighted averaged to reduce the influence of errors. Technicians or the surge control device can sort out and analyze the experimental data to find out the variation law between the opening degree and the bypass flow rate.

[0118] Optionally, the first mapping relationship can be represented by means of fitting curves, establishing mathematical models or look-up tables, etc. In the first mapping relationship, each opening degree corresponds to one or more bypass flow rate values, which are obtained according to the experimental data and can reflect the flow characteristics of the bypass valve at different opening degrees. This application does not make specific restrictions on this.

[0119] In a possible implementation manner, the surge control device can correct the initial bypass flow rate based on the correction coefficient to obtain the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0120] Wherein, the correction coefficient is related to the first pressure ratio, the temperature entering the stack and the valve characteristics of the bypass valve.

[0121] In practical applications, due to the influence of various factors such as the operating state of the fuel cell and environmental conditions, the initial bypass flow rate may not be accurate enough. Therefore, after determining the initial bypass flow rate, the surge control device will not directly use it as the final estimated bypass flow rate, but will further correct the initial bypass flow rate based on a series of correction factors to obtain a more accurate estimated bypass flow rate.

[0122] Among them, the correction factors are related to the first pressure ratio, the inlet temperature of the stack, and the valve characteristics of the bypass valve, and these parameters jointly affect the bypass flow rate.

[0123] In a possible implementation, as an important parameter reflecting the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream of the bypass valve, the first pressure ratio has a significant impact on the bypass flow rate. When the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream increases, the bypass flow rate tends to increase accordingly. Therefore, the surge control device can determine the first correction factor corresponding to the first pressure ratio according to the first pressure ratio monitored in real time through a preset correction formula or look-up table. The first correction factor can be used to reflect the influence degree of the first pressure ratio on the bypass flow rate.

[0124] Secondly, the inlet temperature of the stack is also one of the key factors affecting the bypass flow rate. As the inlet temperature of the stack increases, the chemical reaction rate inside the fuel cell may accelerate, and the flow performance of the reaction gas may also increase, resulting in an increase in the bypass flow rate. To consider this influence, the surge control device can determine the second correction factor corresponding to the inlet temperature according to the inlet temperature monitored in real time through a corresponding correction formula or look-up table. The second correction factor can be used to reflect the influence degree of the temperature change on the bypass flow rate.

[0125] In addition, the valve characteristics of the bypass valve. Different valves have differences in structure, material, sealing performance, etc., and these differences will cause the flow characteristics of the valve at different opening degrees to be different. Therefore, the surge control device can consider the valve characteristics of the bypass valve and determine the third correction factor corresponding to the valve characteristics through pre-experimental determination and data analysis. The third correction factor can be used to reflect the influence degree of the valve characteristics on the bypass flow rate.

[0126] Furthermore, the surge control device can determine the final correction factor based on the first correction factor, the second correction factor, and the third correction factor, and correct the initial bypass flow rate based on this correction factor to obtain the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0127] Exemplarily, the first correction factor, the second correction factor, the third correction factor, and the initial bypass flow rate satisfy the following second formula:

[0128]

[0129] Among them, can be used to characterize the estimated bypass flow rate. It can be used to characterize the initial bypass flow rate. It can be used to characterize the first correction coefficient. It can be used to characterize the second correction coefficient. It can be used to characterize the third correction coefficient. It can be used to characterize the correction coefficient.

[0130] S402. Calculate the flow rate into the stack based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0131] In a possible implementation, the flow rate into the stack can be used to represent the difference between the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate. Therefore, when the estimated bypass flow rate is zero, the flow rate into the stack is equal to the air filter flow rate.

[0132] Exemplarily, the following third formula is satisfied among the flow rate into the stack, the air filter flow rate, and the estimated bypass flow rate:

[0133]

[0134] where, It can be used to characterize the flow rate into the stack. It can be used to characterize the air filter flow rate. It can be used to characterize the target flow rate.

[0135] Based on this, the present application can flexibly adjust the air supply system by monitoring the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate to meet different requirements of the fuel cell.

[0136] In some embodiments, in order to obtain the surge control threshold, the surge control method provided by the present application may further include the following steps: S501 - S502.

[0137] S501. Obtain the second pressure ratio of the fuel cell and the intake air temperature of the fuel cell.

[0138] Among them, the second pressure ratio may be the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake air pressure of the fuel cell.

[0139] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may continuously monitor the intake air pressure based on a pressure sensor deployed at the intake port of the fuel cell. The surge control device may obtain the value of the current ambient pressure. The surge control device may determine the second pressure ratio by calculating the ratio of these two pressures.

[0140] Secondly, the surge control device may continuously monitor and feedback the value of the intake air temperature through a temperature sensor deployed at the intake port of the fuel cell.

[0141] S502. Determine the surge control threshold based on the second pressure ratio, the intake air pressure, and the intake air temperature.

[0142] In a possible implementation, to determine the surge control threshold, the surge control device may determine, from the second mapping relationship, an initial surge control threshold that matches the second pressure ratio.

[0143] The second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold satisfy the second mapping relationship. The second mapping relationship includes multiple control thresholds that can be in one-to-one correspondence with multiple second pressure ratios.

[0144] It should be noted that the second mapping relationship can be obtained through pre-experiment determination and data analysis. The experimental determination and data analysis methods of the second mapping relationship can be similar to those of the first mapping relationship.

[0145] Exemplarily, through pre-experiment determination and data analysis, a performance curve graph (Mean Average Precision, MAP) of the air compressor can be obtained, and thus the surge line of the air compressor can be determined according to the MAP graph. The surge line and the initial surge control threshold satisfy the following fourth formula:

[0146]

[0147] Among them, can be used to characterize the surge value in the surge line. can be used to characterize the initial surge control threshold corresponding to the surge value. can be used to characterize the margin of surge control.

[0148] Optionally, can be set according to actual needs. For example, can be in the range of 5% - 10%, or can be in the range of 10% - 15%. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0149] Optionally, the second mapping relationship can be represented by means such as fitting a curve, establishing a mathematical model, or looking up a table. In the second mapping relationship, each pressure ratio corresponds to one or more control thresholds, and these control thresholds are obtained based on experimental data and can reflect the control characteristics of the bypass valve at different pressure ratios. This application does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0150] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may correct the initial surge control threshold based on the intake pressure and intake temperature to obtain the surge control threshold.

[0151] Exemplarily, the intake pressure, intake temperature, surge control threshold, and surge control threshold satisfy the following fifth formula:

[0152]

[0153] Among them, It can be used to characterize the surge control threshold. It can be used to characterize the initial surge control threshold. It can be used to characterize the intake air temperature. It can be used to characterize the intake air pressure. It can be used to characterize the reference intake air temperature. It can be used to characterize the reference intake air pressure.

[0154] Based on this, the present application can more comprehensively reflect the actual working state of the air compressor by simultaneously considering the second pressure ratio (i.e., the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake air pressure), the intake air pressure, and the intake air temperature, so as to more accurately determine the surge control threshold.

[0155] In some embodiments, as Figure 4 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the bypass design of an air system.

[0156] In a possible implementation manner, the surge control device can determine the reference intake air flow rate and the reference intake air pressure based on the demand current. The surge control device can perform proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control on the air compressor based on the reference intake air flow rate, and determine the feedforward speed, so as to determine the actual intake air flow rate of the air compressor.

[0157] The surge control device can perform PID control on the back pressure valve based on the reference intake pressure, and determine the actual intake air pressure of the back pressure valve based on the determined feedforward opening degree.

[0158] The surge control device can determine the bypass request flow rate from the surge line based on the pressure ratio between the actual pressure and the ambient pressure. The surge control device can perform PID on the bypass valve based on the bypass request flow rate to achieve bypass valve flow estimation.

[0159] In some embodiments, as Figure 5 shown, it is a schematic diagram of the process of surge control and bypass flow estimation.

[0160] In an example, the control logic of the fuel cell air system includes:

[0161] In a possible implementation manner, after the fuel cell vehicle is powered on and the fuel cell engine is started, the vehicle controller can receive the fuel cell engine start power request, and calculate the demand power of the vehicle based on the start power request, so as to allocate the demand power to the fuel cell engine.

[0162] Among them, the vehicle controller can allocate the demand power of the fuel cell according to the energy management.

[0163] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell controller may calculate the error between the demanded power and the actual power, and determine the demanded current through the closed-loop PID control of the net engine power.

[0164] Among them, the actual power is output by the fuel cell engine. The air system may determine the requested inlet stack pressure and the requested inlet stack flow rate of the fuel cell stack based on the demanded current. The air system may determine the error between the requested inlet stack pressure and the actual inlet stack pressure, and the error between the requested inlet stack flow rate and the actual inlet stack flow rate.

[0165] In a possible implementation, the fuel cell engine controller may control the rotational speed of the air compressor and the opening degree of the back pressure valve according to the requested inlet stack pressure, the requested inlet stack flow rate, and the inlet stack flow rate and the inlet stack pressure.

[0166] In another example, the surge control device may perform surge judgment and control on the air system of the fuel cell. The steps of controlling and performing surge judgment on the air system of the fuel cell include:

[0167] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may calculate the pressure ratio according to the intake pressure of the fuel cell controller.

[0168] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may determine the surge control line according to the surge line of the air compressor, and calculate the initial surge control threshold of the air compressor under standard conditions according to the pressure ratio and the surge control line.

[0169] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may correct the initial surge control threshold through temperature and pressure to obtain the surge control threshold.

[0170] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may, during the operation of the fuel cell engine, determine in real time whether the air compressor surges according to the surge control threshold and the inlet stack flow rate.

[0171] In a possible implementation, when the air compressor does not surge, the bypass valve is not opened. At this time, the inlet stack flow rate is equal to the air filter flow rate, and the system operates normally. At this time, the surge control device may calculate the pressure ratio according to the intake pressure of the fuel cell controller.

[0172] In a possible implementation, when the air compressor surges, the bypass valve is opened. At this time, the inlet stack flow rate is not equal to the air filter flow rate.

[0173] Among them, when the bypass valve is opened, it is necessary to determine the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0174] It should be noted that the inlet stack flow rate, the air filter flow rate, and the estimated bypass flow rate satisfy the aforementioned third formula. It will not be elaborated here.

[0175] In yet another example, the surge control device may estimate the fuel cell bypass flow rate. The steps for estimating the fuel cell bypass flow rate include:

[0176] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may calculate the pressure ratio upstream and downstream of the valve based on the ambient pressure and the pressure entering the stack.

[0177] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may look up a table based on the valve opening and the pressure ratio upstream and downstream of the valve to determine the standardized bypass flow rate.

[0178] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may correct the standardized bypass flow rate through temperature and pressure.

[0179] Based on this, the surge control device may calculate the flow rate entering the stack through the aforementioned third formula.

[0180] In a possible implementation, the surge control device may calculate the bypass flow rate in real time and determine whether a system bypass valve closing signal is received. If the system bypass valve closing signal is received, the program stops. Otherwise, the surge control device may calculate the pressure ratio upstream and downstream of the valve based on the ambient pressure and the pressure entering the stack.

[0181] In some embodiments, as Figure 6 shown, is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the bypass pressure ratio and the relative flow ratio coefficient. Figure 6 Shows the corresponding relationship between the bypass pressure ratio and the relative flow ratio coefficient, including critical flow and subcritical flow.

[0182] Figure 7 is a block diagram of a surge control device shown according to an exemplary embodiment. Referring to Figure 7 , the surge control device includes: an acquisition unit 601, a judgment unit 602, a control unit 603, and a correction unit 604.

[0183] In a possible implementation, the acquisition unit 601 is configured to acquire the flow rate entering the stack of the fuel cell and the surge control threshold; the flow rate entering the stack is the flow rate of the reaction gas entering the stack of the fuel cell.

[0184] In a possible implementation, the judgment unit 602 is configured to judge whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition based on the flow rate entering the stack and the surge control threshold.

[0185] In a possible implementation, the control unit 603 is configured to perform surge control on the air system if the air system meets the surge control condition.

[0186] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to: obtain the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate of the fuel cell. Based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate, calculate the flow rate into the stack.

[0187] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to: obtain the opening degree of the bypass valve and the first pressure ratio. Based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio, determine the estimated bypass flow rate.

[0188] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to: determine the initial bypass flow rate matching the opening degree.

[0189] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is further configured to obtain the temperature into the stack.

[0190] In a possible implementation manner, the correction unit 604 is configured to correct the estimated bypass flow rate based on the correction coefficient to obtain the corrected estimated bypass flow rate.

[0191] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to: obtain the second pressure ratio of the fuel cell and the intake air temperature of the fuel cell; the second pressure ratio is the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake air pressure of the fuel cell; based on the second pressure ratio, the intake air pressure and the intake air temperature, determine the surge control threshold.

[0192] In a possible implementation manner, the obtaining unit 601 is specifically configured to: determine the initial surge control threshold matching the second pressure ratio; the second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold satisfy a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes multiple control thresholds corresponding one by one to multiple pressure ratios; based on the intake air pressure and the intake air temperature, correct the initial surge control threshold to obtain the surge control threshold.

[0193] Regarding the device in the above embodiments, the specific manners in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0194] Figure 8 is a block diagram of an electronic device shown according to an exemplary embodiment. As Figure 8 shown, the electronic device includes but is not limited to: a processor 701 and a memory 702.

[0195] Among them, the above-mentioned memory 702 is used to store the executable instructions of the above-mentioned processor 701. It can be understood that the above-mentioned processor 701 is configured to execute instructions to implement the surge control method in the above embodiments.

[0196] It should be noted that those skilled in the art can understand, Figure 8The structure of the electronic device shown does not constitute a limitation on the electronic device. The electronic device may include more or fewer components than Figure 8 shown, or combine certain components, or have a different component arrangement.

[0197] The processor 701 is the control center of the electronic device, connecting various parts of the entire electronic device through various interfaces and lines. By running or executing software programs and / or modules stored in the memory 702, and by invoking data stored in the memory 702, it executes various functions of the electronic device and processes data, thereby monitoring the electronic device as a whole. The processor 701 may include one or more processing units. Optionally, the processor 701 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor. Among them, the application processor mainly processes the operating system, user interface, application programs, etc., and the modem processor mainly processes wireless communication. It can be understood that the above-mentioned modem processor may not be integrated into the processor 701 either.

[0198] The memory 702 can be used to store software programs and various data. The memory 702 mainly includes a program storage area and a data storage area. Among them, the program storage area can store the operating system, application programs required for at least one functional module (such as a determination unit, a processing unit, etc.). In addition, the memory 702 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-volatile solid-state storage devices.

[0199] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including instructions is also provided. For example, the memory 702 including instructions, and the above instructions can be executed by the processor 701 of the electronic device to implement the method in the above embodiment.

[0200] In actual implementation, Figure 7 the functions of the acquisition unit 601, the judgment unit 602, the control unit 603, and the correction unit 604 in Figure 8 can all be implemented by the processor 701 in

[0201] invoking the computer program stored in the memory 702. The specific execution process can refer to the description of the method part in the above embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0202] In an exemplary embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product including one or more instructions, and the one or more instructions can be executed by a processor 701 of an electronic device to implement the method in the above embodiment.

[0203] It should be noted that when the instructions in the above computer-readable storage medium or the one or more instructions in the computer program product are executed by the processor of the electronic device, each process of the above method embodiment is implemented, and the same technical effect as the above method can be achieved. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0204] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, only the above division of each functional module is used as an example. In actual applications, the above functions can be allocated to different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device is divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the functions described above.

[0205] In several embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only illustrative. For example, the division of modules or units is only a logical functional division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect coupling or communication connection of the device or unit can be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

[0206] The unit described as a separated component may or may not be physically separated, and the component displayed as a unit may be a physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, it can be located in one place, or can be distributed to multiple different places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0207] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in a processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0208] When an integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, in essence, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of this technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. This software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, a chip, etc.) or a processor to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of the various embodiments of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media such as USB flash drives, mobile hard disks, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks, or optical discs that can store program codes.

[0209] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A surge control method, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the inflow flow of the fuel cell and the initial surge control threshold value matched with the second pressure ratio; the inflow flow is the flow of the reactant gas entering the fuel cell stack; the inflow flow is determined based on the air filter flow and the estimated bypass flow; the second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold value satisfy a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes a plurality of control threshold values ​​corresponding to a plurality of second pressure ratios; the control threshold value in the second mapping relationship is determined according to the surge line of the air compressor and the margin of surge control; the second pressure ratio is the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake pressure of the fuel cell; Based on the ratio of the intake pressure to a reference intake pressure and the ratio of the intake temperature of the fuel cell to a reference intake temperature, the initial surge control threshold is corrected to obtain the surge control threshold; based on the stack inflow rate and the surge control threshold, whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition is judged; the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system; If the air system meets the surge control condition, surge control is performed on the air system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The inflow flow is obtained in the following manner: Acquire the air filter flow and the estimated bypass flow; the air filter flow is the air flow entering the fuel cell after passing through the air filter; The estimated bypass flow is the estimated gas flow bypassed to the low-pressure area through the bypass valve; The stack inflow flow rate is calculated based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The estimated bypass flow is obtained in the following manner: Obtaining the opening degree and the first pressure ratio of the bypass valve; the first pressure ratio is the pressure ratio between the upstream and downstream of the bypass valve; The estimated bypass flow rate is determined based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of determining the estimated bypass flow rate based on the opening degree and the first pressure ratio includes: An estimated bypass flow matching the opening and the first pressure ratio is determined; the opening, the first pressure ratio and the estimated bypass flow satisfy a first mapping relationship; the first mapping relationship includes a plurality of bypass flows corresponding one to one to a plurality of openings.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The method further comprises: Obtaining a stack entry temperature; the stack entry temperature is the temperature of the reaction gas entering the stack; The estimated bypass flow is corrected based on a correction coefficient to obtain a corrected estimated bypass flow, wherein the correction coefficient is related to the first pressure ratio, the stack entry temperature and a valve characteristic of the bypass valve.

6. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The surge control conditions include: The stack inflow flow rate is greater than the surge control threshold.

7. A surge control device, characterized in that: The device comprises: an acquisition unit, a judgment unit and a control unit; The acquisition unit is used to acquire the inflow flow of the fuel cell and the initial surge control threshold matched with the second pressure ratio; the inflow flow is the flow of the reactant gas entering the fuel cell stack; the second pressure ratio and the initial surge control threshold satisfy a second mapping relationship; the second mapping relationship includes a plurality of control thresholds corresponding to a plurality of second pressure ratios; the control threshold in the second mapping relationship is determined according to the surge line of the air compressor and the margin of surge control; the second pressure ratio is the ratio between the ambient pressure and the intake pressure of the fuel cell; The control unit is used to correct the initial surge control threshold based on the ratio of the intake pressure to a reference intake pressure and the ratio of the intake temperature of the fuel cell to a reference intake temperature to obtain the surge control threshold; The judging unit is used to judge whether the air system of the fuel cell meets the surge control condition based on the stack inflow rate and the surge control threshold; the surge control condition is used to characterize the condition for performing surge control on the air system; The control unit is further configured to perform surge control on the air system if the air system meets the surge control condition.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The acquisition unit is specifically used for: Obtaining the air filter flow and estimated bypass flow of the fuel cell; the air filter flow is the air flow entering the fuel cell after passing through the air filter; the estimated bypass flow is the estimated gas flow bypassed to the low-pressure area through the bypass valve; The stack inflow flow rate is calculated based on the air filter flow rate and the estimated bypass flow rate.

9. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle comprises the device of claim 7 or 8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing instructions executable by the processor; The processor is configured to execute the instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images