A nonlinear rack and pinion type inerter damper and method of use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a nonlinear gear and rack type inerter damper and a use method thereof, which comprises a transmission assembly, an inerter efficiency increasing assembly and an energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly; the transmission assembly comprises a box, a rack and a gear mechanical set, the box is provided with a rack support for sliding of the rack, and the rack is in meshing connection with the gear mechanical set; the inerter efficiency increasing assembly is fixed on a transmission shaft of the last stage gear of the gear mechanical set, the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly is fixed on the box, and the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly is located below the inerter efficiency increasing assembly. The transmission assembly of the application realizes conversion of horizontal movement of the outside into rotational movement of the gear and rack system of the device, amplifies the transmission ratio, has higher mechanical efficiency and can effectively reduce energy loss; the mass block of the inerter efficiency increasing assembly is connected with the flywheel through a spring and a threaded rod, nonlinear adjustment of the inerter can be realized by changing the rigidity of the spring, and the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly is staggered with different poles of magnets, thereby providing a closed magnetic circuit for the inerter efficiency increasing assembly.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of inertial mass system damping, in particular to a nonlinear rack and pinion type inertial mass damper and its use method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In modern mechanical systems, especially in the wind power industry and other applications involving high-intensity vibration, damping technology plays a crucial role. Traditional damping devices usually use mass blocks, springs and other components to achieve vibration absorption and energy dissipation through mechanical means. However, these systems have certain limitations in design, especially in environments where space is limited and high-efficiency energy conversion is required, traditional structures often fail to meet the requirements.

[0003] Currently, common damping technologies include inertial mass dampers, spring dampers, etc., but they usually have the following problems: 1. Large volume, excessive space occupation: Traditional inertial mass dampers usually require a larger space to accommodate mass blocks and other accessories, which can cause installation difficulties and cost increases in space-limited application scenarios such as wind turbine towers, etc. 2. Low energy conversion efficiency: Some traditional dampers convert vibration energy into heat or electricity through springs and friction systems, but due to friction loss or mechanical connection problems, the energy conversion efficiency is low, and long-term use can cause system performance to decline. 3. Wear and tear problems: Traditional dampers are prone to wear and tear due to friction in the mechanical contact parts, which can affect the service life and stability of the entire system. Combining electromagnetic induction principles and high-efficiency energy conversion mechanisms can help improve system energy efficiency and service life while ensuring damping effectiveness. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a nonlinear rack and pinion type inertial mass damper and its use method, which combines a gear and rack transmission system, a nonlinear inertial mass efficiency component, and an electromagnetic energy dissipation damping component. Not only does it effectively solve the space occupation problem of traditional damping systems, but also improves damping efficiency and system reliability through innovative energy conversion and regulation mechanisms.

[0005] According to one object of the present application, the present application provides a nonlinear rack and pinion type inertial mass damper, comprising a transmission assembly, and an inertial mass efficiency component and an energy dissipation damping component arranged in the transmission assembly; the transmission assembly comprises a box, a rack and a gear mechanical set, the box is provided with a rack support for sliding the rack, and the rack is connected with the gear mechanical set; the inertial mass efficiency component is fixed on the transmission shaft of the last stage gear of the gear mechanical set, the energy dissipation damping component is fixed on the box, and the energy dissipation damping component is located below the inertial mass efficiency component.

[0006] Further, the number of the inertia capacity enhancing assembly and the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly is two groups, and the two groups of the inertia capacity enhancing assembly or the two groups of the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly are symmetrically distributed on the two sides of the rack.

[0007] Further, the gear mechanical assembly comprises one group of primary transmission gear set, two groups of secondary transmission gear set, two groups of tertiary transmission gear set and two groups of quaternary transmission gear set.

[0008] The primary transmission gear set, the secondary transmission gear set and the tertiary transmission gear set each comprise a pinion and a gear, and the pinion and the gear on each gear set are coaxially fixed on a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is rotationally connected with the box.

[0009] The quaternary transmission gear comprises a pinion, and the inertia capacity enhancing assembly and the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly are fixed on the transmission shaft of the quaternary transmission gear.

[0010] Further, the inertia capacity enhancing assembly is fixed on the transmission shaft of the quaternary transmission gear, and the inertia capacity enhancing assembly rotates with the transmission shaft of the quaternary transmission gear.

[0011] Further, the inertia capacity enhancing assembly comprises a flywheel, the flywheel is externally provided with a circular ring-shaped upper conductor plate, the flywheel is internally provided with four hole grooves, the four hole grooves are centrally symmetrically distributed, each hole groove is provided with a mass block, a threaded rod is arranged in the hole groove, the extension line of the threaded rod passes through the center of the flywheel, the threaded rod penetrates through the mass block and is connected with the two side walls of the hole groove, the mass block slides along the threaded rod, a spring is further arranged in the hole groove, one end of the spring is connected with the mass block, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the side wall of the hole groove close to the center of the flywheel.

[0012] Further, the mass block is internally provided with a ball screw and a mass block bearing, and the threaded rod is arranged in the ball screw.

[0013] Further, the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly comprises a circular ring-shaped lower conductor plate, and a plurality of magnets are uniformly arranged on the lower conductor plate.

[0014] Further, the lower conductor plate and the upper conductor plate of the inertia capacity enhancing assembly are of the same size, the lower conductor plate and the upper conductor plate are coaxially arranged, the lower conductor plate is located below the upper conductor plate, and the lower conductor plate is fixed above the box of the transmission assembly.

[0015] According to another object of the present application, the present application provides a use method of the above-mentioned nonlinear gear rack type inertia capacity damper, which comprises the following steps:

[0016] S1, the transmission assembly is connected with the outside through the rack and pinion, converts the horizontal movement input from the outside into the rotation of the gear in the gear mechanical group; the transmission shaft is used to convert the movement mode, enlarge the transmission ratio, save the space;

[0017] S2, when the earthquake acts, the rack will reciprocate, produce the horizontal displacement, drive the gear in the gear mechanical group to rotate, drive the inertia capacity synergistic assembly on the last stage transmission shaft to rotate, realize the conversion from the horizontal movement into the rotation of the whole system, enlarge the transmission ratio, save the space, and improve the mechanical efficiency;

[0018] S3, the different poles of the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly are staggered to provide a closed magnetic circuit for the inertia capacity synergistic assembly, the magnets have different positive and negative poles, so that the magnetic induction lines are closed, when the inertia capacity synergistic assembly rotates, the magnetic induction lines are cut, the mechanical energy of the system is converted into the electric energy, and then the electric energy is dissipated in the form of heat energy.

[0019] Further, in S1, the rack drives the small gear of the first-stage transmission gear set to rotate, the large gear of the first-stage transmission gear set is engaged with the small gear of the second-stage transmission gear set to drive the gear of the second-stage transmission gear set to rotate, the second-stage transmission gear set drives the third-stage transmission gear set, and the third-stage transmission gear set drives the fourth-stage transmission gear to rotate.

[0020] The technical scheme of the nonlinear gear and rack type inertia capacity damper provided by the application realizes the conversion from the horizontal movement of the outside into the rotation of the gear and rack system of the device, enlarges the transmission ratio, has high mechanical efficiency, and can effectively reduce the energy loss; the mass block and the flywheel of the inertia capacity synergistic assembly are connected through the spring and the threaded rod, the nonlinear adjustment of the inertia capacity can be realized by changing the rigidity of the spring, and the different poles of the energy dissipation and shock absorption assembly are staggered to provide a closed magnetic circuit for the inertia capacity synergistic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the application or the technical scheme in the prior art, the drawings needed in the following specific embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a principle schematic diagram of the embodiment of the application;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a top view schematic diagram of the transmission assembly of the embodiment of the application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the inertia capacity enhancement component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lower conductor plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the mass block in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Rack; 2. Rack support; 3. Pinion; 4. Gear; 5. Lower conductor plate; 6. Magnet; 7. Flywheel; 8. Upper conductor plate; 9. Spring; 10. Threaded rod; 11. Mass block; 12. Drive shaft bearing; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Housing;

[0030] 111. Mass block bearing; 112. Ball screw;

[0031] 311. Small gear of the first-stage transmission gear set; 411. Large gear of the first-stage transmission gear set; 312. Small gear of the second-stage transmission gear set; 412. Large gear of the second-stage transmission gear set; 313. Small gear of the third-stage transmission gear set; 413. Large gear of the third-stage transmission gear set; 314. Small gear of the fourth-stage transmission gear set. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting this invention.

[0034] Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used herein for descriptive purposes only and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or an indicated number of technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise explicitly and specifically limited. In addition, the terms "mounting", "connecting", "connection" should be broadly interpreted, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral connection; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be direct connection, or indirect connection through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] Embodiment 1

[0036] As Figures 1-7 shown:

[0037] A nonlinear gear rack type inerter damper, comprising a transmission assembly, and two inerter amplification assemblies and energy dissipation and shock absorption assemblies arranged in the transmission assembly;

[0038] The transmission assembly comprises a box 14, a rack 1 and a gear mechanical set, the box 14 is provided with a rack support 2 for sliding of the rack, the rack 1 is in meshing connection with the gear mechanical set;

[0039] Specifically, the gear mechanical set comprises a group of primary transmission gear sets, two groups of secondary transmission gear sets, two groups of tertiary transmission gear sets and two groups of quaternary transmission gear sets; wherein:

[0040] The primary transmission gear set comprises a pinion and a gear, the secondary transmission gear set comprises a pinion and a gear, the tertiary transmission gear set comprises a pinion 3 and a gear 4, and the quaternary transmission gear set comprises a pinion, the gears and pinions between each group of transmission gear sets are coaxially fixedly transmitted through transmission shafts 13, and the transmission shafts 13 are rotatably connected with the box 14 through transmission shaft bearings 12.

[0041] The adjacent groups of gears are in meshing transmission, specifically, the rack is in meshing connection with the pinion of the primary transmission gear set, the gear of the primary transmission gear set is coaxially rotatable with the pinion of the primary transmission gear set, the gear of the primary transmission gear set is in meshing connection with the pinions of the two groups of secondary transmission gear shafts respectively, the gear of the secondary transmission gear set is coaxially rotatable with the pinion of the secondary transmission gear set, the gears of the two groups of secondary transmission gear shafts are in meshing connection with the pinions of the corresponding arranged tertiary transmission gear shafts respectively, the gear of the tertiary transmission gear set is coaxially rotatable with the pinion of the tertiary transmission gear set, and the gears of the two groups of tertiary transmission gear shafts are in meshing connection with the pinions of the corresponding arranged quaternary transmission gears respectively;

[0042] The transmission assembly is connected with the outside world through the rack, and converts the horizontal movement input from the outside world into the rotation of the gear in the gear mechanical group. The rack drives the rotation of the pinion of the first-stage transmission gear set. The large gear of the first-stage transmission gear set drives the rotation of the gear of the second-stage transmission gear set through the meshing with the pinion of the second-stage transmission gear set. The second-stage transmission gear set drives the third-stage transmission gear set, and the third-stage transmission gear set drives the rotation of the fourth-stage transmission gear through the transmission of the transmission shaft. In this way, not only the movement mode can be converted, but also the transmission ratio can be enlarged, and the space can be saved.

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 4 , the rack 1 is meshed with the pinion 311 of the first-stage transmission gear set. The pinion 311 of the first-stage transmission gear set is coaxially fixed with the large gear 411 of the first-stage transmission gear set. The large gear 411 of the first-stage transmission gear set is meshed with the pinion 312 of the second-stage transmission gear set. The pinion 312 of the second-stage transmission gear set is coaxially fixed with the large gear 412 of the second-stage transmission gear set. The large gear 412 of the second-stage transmission gear set is meshed with the pinion 313 of the third-stage transmission gear set. The pinion 313 of the third-stage transmission gear set is coaxially fixed with the large gear 413 of the third-stage transmission gear set. The large gear 413 of the third-stage transmission gear set is meshed with the pinion 314 of the fourth-stage transmission gear set. The gears on both sides of the rack 1 are symmetric about the center of the bottom plate of the box 14.

[0044] When the earthquake acts, the rack 1 will reciprocate to produce horizontal displacement. The gear 311 will rotate with the movement of the rack 1, and the large gear 411 will also rotate. Therefore, the gear system will rotate, and finally the gear 314 will rotate with the transmission shaft and the upper inertial mass augmentation assembly, realizing the conversion of horizontal movement into rotational movement of the entire system. This system enlarges the transmission ratio, saves space, and improves mechanical efficiency.

[0045] The inertial mass augmentation assembly is fixed on the last-stage gear shaft of the gear mechanical group, specifically, the inertial mass augmentation assembly is fixed on the gear shaft of the fourth-stage transmission gear. The inertial mass augmentation assembly can rotate with the gear shaft of the fourth-stage transmission gear.

[0046] The inertial mass augmentation assembly includes a flywheel 7. The flywheel 7 is externally provided with a circular ring-shaped conductor plate, which is referred to as an upper conductor plate 8.

[0047] The center of the inertial mass augmentation assembly, i.e. the center of the flywheel 7, is fixed on the transmission shaft at the end of the gear mechanical group, and is connected with the pinion of the fourth-stage transmission gear through the transmission shaft, thereby driving the rotation of the inertial mass augmentation assembly.

[0048] The flywheel is internally provided with four hole grooves which are centrally symmetrically distributed. Each hole groove is provided with a mass block 11, a threaded rod 10 is arranged in the hole groove, the extension line of the threaded rod 10 passes through the center of the flywheel, the threaded rod 10 penetrates the mass block 11 and is connected with the two side walls of the hole groove, the mass block 11 can slide along the threaded rod, and a spring 9 is further arranged in the hole groove, one end of the spring 9 is connected with the mass block 11, and the other end of the spring 9 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the hole groove close to the center of the flywheel 7.

[0049] Specifically, in order to realize more smooth sliding of the mass block relative to the threaded rod, a ball screw and a bearing are arranged in the mass block 11, the threaded rod penetrates the inside of the ball screw, the ball screw is internally provided with balls, the balls move in the ball screw, that is, the ball screw rotates along the threaded rod, and the ball screw is connected with the mass block through the bearing, so that the ball screw rotates while the mass block moves horizontally. When an external force acts, the mass block moves outward along the threaded rod under the action of the centripetal force, and the mass block rebounds to the specified position with the spring when the centripetal force is small.

[0050] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7 , the internal components of the mass block 11 include a mass block bearing 111 and a ball screw 112. When the inertial capacity enhancing assembly rotates, the mass block 11 as a whole moves outward. The mass block 11 contains the mass block bearing 111 and the ball screw 112. The ball screw 112 rotates and moves on the threaded rod 10. The mass block bearing 111 can block the rotation brought by the ball screw 112, so that the mass block 11 moves horizontally. The ball screw 112 is in ball contact, which reduces the contact area between the ball screw and the threaded rod, and has higher transmission efficiency. At the same time, due to the existence of friction and the change of the force transmission direction in the ball screw, a certain damping effect is achieved, which can effectively prevent the self-vibration problem of the spring.

[0051] In this embodiment, two springs 9 of equal size are connected to the flywheel 7 on the side close to the center of the flywheel 7. The flywheel 7 is externally provided with a circular ring-shaped upper conductor plate 8. When the entire inertial capacity enhancing assembly is subjected to a relatively large centripetal force, the mass block 11 as a whole moves outward along the threaded rod 10. When the centripetal force is small, the mass block 11 rebounds to the specified position with the spring 9. At the same time, the constraint of the ball screw can reduce the self-vibration problem of the spring.

[0052] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the inertial capacity enhancing assembly includes four parts which are constructed identically. Each part is composed of a spring 9, a threaded rod 10 and a mass block 11. When the lower transmission assembly rotates, Figure 5When the inertia-boosting assembly in the energy-dissipation component rotates, the mass block will move outward along the threaded rod 10 under the action of the centripetal force.

[0053] The energy-dissipation component includes a circular ring-shaped conductor plate, referred to as the lower conductor plate 5, which is uniformly provided with a plurality of magnets 6, the number of which can be increased or decreased according to actual conditions.

[0054] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 6 , the energy-dissipation component includes the lower conductor plate 5 and the magnets 6, which are evenly distributed on the circular ring of the lower conductor plate 5 to form a stable magnetic circuit. Figure 5 The lower conductor plate 5 is coaxially placed with the inertia-boosting assembly as shown in , with a small distance between the upper and lower conductor plates. In this way, when the inertia-boosting assembly rotates, the conductor plate at the outer circle of the inertia-boosting assembly passes through the closed magnetic circuit and moves to cut the magnetic induction lines, inducing eddy currents to flow inside the conductor and generating Joule heat in the material, thereby converting the rotational kinetic energy into heat energy dissipation.

[0055] The nonlinear gear-rack inertia damper of the present application realizes the conversion of external horizontal motion into rotational motion of the gear-rack system of the device, amplifies the transmission ratio, has high mechanical efficiency, and can effectively reduce energy loss. The mass block and the flywheel of the inertia-boosting assembly are connected through a spring and a threaded rod, and the nonlinearity of the inertia can be adjusted by changing the stiffness of the spring. The magnets of different poles of the energy-dissipation component are staggered to provide a closed magnetic circuit for the inertia-boosting assembly.

[0056] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not limited thereto; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A nonlinear gear-rack type inertial-capacitive damper, characterized in that, The system includes a transmission assembly, and an inertia capacity enhancement component and an energy dissipation and vibration damping component disposed within the transmission assembly. The transmission assembly includes a housing, a rack, and a gear mechanism. The housing has a rack support for sliding the rack, and the rack is meshed with the gear mechanism. The inertia capacity enhancement component is fixed to the drive shaft of the last stage gear of the gear mechanism. The energy dissipation and vibration damping component is fixed to the housing and located below the inertia capacity enhancement component. The inertia capacity enhancement component includes a flywheel. The flywheel has an annular upper conductor plate on its exterior and four slots inside, which are centrally symmetrically distributed. Each slot contains a mass block, and each slot contains a threaded rod. The extension of the threaded rod passes through the center of the flywheel. The threaded rod passes through the mass block and connects to the two side walls of the slot. The mass block slides along the threaded rod. A spring is also installed in the slot. One end of the spring is connected to the mass block, and the other end of the spring is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slot near the center of the flywheel. The mass block contains a ball screw and a mass block bearing. The threaded rod passes through the inside of the ball screw. The energy dissipation and vibration damping assembly includes an annular lower conductor plate, on which an array of magnets is evenly distributed.

2. The nonlinear gear and rack type inertial-capacitive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the inertial capacitance enhancement component and the energy dissipation and vibration damping component is two sets, and the two sets of the inertial capacitance enhancement component or the two sets of the energy dissipation and vibration damping component are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the rack.

3. The nonlinear gear and rack type inertial-capacitive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gear mechanism includes one primary transmission gear set, two secondary transmission gear sets, two tertiary transmission gear sets, and two quaternary transmission gear sets. The first-stage transmission gear set, the second-stage transmission gear set, and the third-stage transmission gear set each include a small gear and a large gear, and the small gear and the large gear on each gear set are coaxially fixed on a transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the housing; The fourth-stage transmission gear includes a small gear, and the inertia capacity enhancement component is fixed on the transmission shaft of the fourth-stage transmission gear.

4. The nonlinear gear and rack type inertial-capacitive damper according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inertia capacity enhancement component is fixed on the drive shaft of the fourth-stage transmission gear, and the inertia capacity enhancement component rotates with the drive shaft of the fourth-stage transmission gear.

5. The nonlinear gear and rack type inertial-capacitive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower conductor plate is the same size as the upper conductor plate of the inertia capacity enhancement component. The lower conductor plate is coaxially arranged with the upper conductor plate and is located below the upper conductor plate. The lower conductor plate is fixed above the housing of the transmission component.

6. The method of using the nonlinear gear and rack type inertial capacitive damper according to claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. The transmission assembly is connected to the outside world through a rack and pinion, which converts the horizontal movement input from the outside into the rotation of the gears in the gear mechanism; the transmission ratio is amplified by using the transmission conversion method of the transmission shaft. S2. During an earthquake, the rack will reciprocate, generating horizontal displacement, which will cause the gears in the gear mechanism to rotate, and drive the inertial capacity enhancement component on the final stage transmission shaft to rotate together, thus realizing the conversion of horizontal motion into rotational motion of the entire system and amplifying the transmission ratio. S3. The magnets of different poles in the energy dissipation and vibration damping component are distributed alternately to provide a closed magnetic circuit for the inertial capacitance enhancement component. The magnets have positive and negative poles, thus forming closed magnetic field lines. When the inertial capacitance enhancement component rotates, it cuts the magnetic field lines, converting the mechanical energy of the system into electrical energy, which is then dissipated in the form of heat energy.

7. The method of using the nonlinear gear and rack type inertial-capacitive damper according to claim 6, characterized in that, In S1, when the gear mechanism is running, the rack drives the small gear of the first-stage transmission gear set to rotate. The large gear of the first-stage transmission gear set drives the gear of the second-stage transmission gear set to rotate by meshing with the small gear of the second-stage transmission gear set. The second-stage transmission gear set drives the third-stage transmission gear set, and the third-stage transmission gear set drives the fourth-stage transmission gear set to rotate.

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