Multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device and method for landslide monitoring

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device and method for landslide monitoring. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device comprises a rack, a landslide monitoring fiber bragg grating composite sensor, a pair of deformation applying mechanisms, a lantern ring, a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms, a leading-out fiber and a fiber bragg grating demodulator. A pair of orthogonally arranged deformation applying mechanisms and the lantern ring are assembled and fixed, so that multi-dimensional deformation applying is realized; displacement is measured through the rotating speed of the stepping motor and the pointer on the sliding block at the same time, and calibration accuracy is ensured; according to the invention, through the two vibration impact applying mechanisms which are orthogonally mounted, multi-dimensional vibration applying is realized; inclination information and vibration information monitored by the landslide monitoring fiber bragg grating composite sensor are transmitted to the fiber bragg grating demodulator through the leading-out optical fiber, and multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber bragg grating composite sensor can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of landslide monitoring, and in particular relates to a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device and method for landslide monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Landslide refers to the natural phenomenon that the soil or rock on the slope slides down the slope as a whole or in a dispersed manner along a certain weak surface or weak zone under the action of gravity, affected by factors such as river scouring, groundwater activity, rainwater soaking, earthquakes and artificial slope cutting. The occurrence of landslides is often accompanied by complex changes in geological structures, such as deformation and vibration. These changes may be difficult to detect in the early stages, but once a landslide occurs, its destructive power is huge and difficult to predict, posing a serious threat to human life and property safety. Therefore, in order to accurately capture the precursor signals of landslides and realize effective monitoring and early warning of landslides, it is necessary to dually monitor the multi-dimensional complex deformation inside the slope and the sudden multi-dimensional sliding vibration. The key to achieving this goal lies in the development of a sensor that can measure deformation and vibration simultaneously, so as to more comprehensively grasp the geological dynamics before the landslide occurs.

[0003] According to research, fiber Bragg grating has the advantages of high precision, corrosion resistance, anti-interference, and small size. Sensors based on fiber Bragg grating sensing technology can effectively monitor the deformation and vibration information inside the slope. According to Chinese patent application number CN108180841B, a "method for monitoring internal displacement of landslides based on fiber Bragg grating" is disclosed. The technical solution adopted is to stick the fiber Bragg grating string on the surface of an inclinometer tube. The deformation inside the monitored landslide will cause the bending deformation of the inclinometer tube, resulting in deformation of the fiber Bragg grating. The fiber Bragg grating demodulator can accurately monitor the wavelength change of the fiber Bragg grating in real time, and then convert it into a strain value. Then, the displacement at the corresponding measuring point is calculated by the strain-displacement differential calculation method, and finally the disturbance of the inclinometer tube is accurately calculated. According to Chinese patent application number CN113218291A, a "space deformation application and reading device for deformation measuring rod calibration" is disclosed. The technical solution adopted is to vertically fix two parallel fixed frames on the bottom plate, and arrange a pair of space deformation application and reading mechanisms composed of linear bearings, sliding rods, constraint rings and vernier measuring rulers in the horizontal and vertical directions on the two fixed frames. The horizontally arranged mechanism produces horizontal left and right movement, and the vertically arranged mechanism produces vertical up and down movement, thereby realizing space deformation application and reading. According to Chinese patent application number CN110186514A, a "fiber grating sensor for simultaneous measurement of two-dimensional tilt and vibration and its measurement method" is disclosed. The technical solution adopted is that several fiber gratings are respectively pasted on the outer wall of a thin-walled square tube. When the round ball in the square tube vibrates, it will drive the square tube to vibrate and deform. The fiber grating senses the vibration deformation of the square tube and produces corresponding wavelength drift. However, the wavelength change caused by vibration information is a fluctuation in a short period of time, while the wavelength drift caused by tilt is a slow increase or decrease. Therefore, the slowly changing wavelength is regarded as caused by tilt change, and the wavelength that fluctuates violently in a short period of time is regarded as caused by vibration.

[0004] The existing technology has the problem of sensor calibration. Currently, there is no calibration device that can realize multi-dimensional deformation and multi-dimensional vibration, and this technology is urgently needed. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device, which can realize the application of multi-dimensional deformation and multi-dimensional vibration information to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor, thereby realizing the test calibration of the sensor. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring to solve the existing problems.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring, comprising a frame (1), a landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2), a pair of deformation application mechanisms (3), a collar (4), a pair of vibration impact application mechanisms (5), an optical fiber (6), and a fiber Bragg grating demodulator (7); The frame (1) comprises a base (1-1), a fixing plate (1-2), four first vertical rods (1-3), two second vertical rods (1-4) and four cross rods (1-5); the fixing plate (1-2) is mounted on the inner side of the base (1-1); the four first vertical rods (1-3) are mounted at the four corners of the base (1-1); each second vertical rod (1-4) is mounted between two first vertical rods (1-3); and the four cross rods (1-5) are mounted on the top ends of the four first vertical rods (1-3) and the two second vertical rods (1-4); a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms (5) are arranged on the two second vertical rods (1-4); and a pair of deformation applying mechanisms (3) are arranged on the two cross rods (1-5); The landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) comprises an inclinometer tube (2-1), a plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series, a steel wire rope (2-3) and a handle (2-4); the handle (2-4) and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series are assembled in series using the steel wire rope (2-3); the handle (2-4) is sleeved on the upper end of the inclinometer tube (2-1); the plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series are closely attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) in a suspended manner, and are used to sense the inclination and vibration information of the inclinometer tube (2-1); One end of the inclinometer tube (2-1) is inserted into the ring (4) and is loosely matched with the ring (4); the ring (4) is connected to a pair of deformation applying mechanisms (3); the other end of the inclinometer tube (2-1) is fixed to the fixing plate (1-2); the lead-out optical fibers (6) of a plurality of serially connected optical fiber grating composite sensors (2-2) are electrically connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator (7) through a central hole of the fixing plate (1-2); the optical fiber grating demodulator (7) is used to receive and analyze optical signals transmitted by the lead-out optical fibers (6).

[0007] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the deformation applying mechanism (3) comprises a stepping motor (3-1), a rack mechanism (3-2), a guide rod (3-3), a guide rod block (3-4), a first slider (3-5), a second slider (3-6), a first slide rail (3-7) and a second slide rail (3-8); the collar (4) is a circular ring structure, the rack mechanism (3-2) and the guide rod (3-3) are connected to the collar (4) by welding; the stepping motor (3-1) and the rack mechanism (3-2) are mounted on the second slider (3-6), and the second slider (3-6) is mounted on a second slide rail (3-8) on one of the cross bars (1-5), so that the second slider (3-6) slides along the second slide rail (3-8); The output gear shaft of the stepper motor (3-1) is connected to the rack mechanism (3-2) for accurately controlling the displacement of the rack mechanism (3-2); when a pulse signal is input to the stepper motor (3-1), the rack mechanism (3-2) can be controlled to move forward or backward a preset distance; The other end of the guide rod (3-3) passes through the guide rod block (3-4), the guide rod block (3-4) is fixedly connected to the first slider (3-5), the first slider (3-5) is assembled with the first slide rail (3-7), and the first slide rail (3-7) is installed on another cross bar (1-5), so that the first slider (3-5) can slide along the first slide rail (3-7).

[0008] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, a pointer is installed on the first sliding block (3-5), and scale lines are arranged on the sliding rail (3-7); when not in operation, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; after deformation is applied to the rack mechanism (3-2), the pointer points to other scale lines, thereby measuring the displacement, and calibrating the displacement amount simultaneously with the stepping motor (3-1) to ensure the accuracy of the calibration test.

[0009] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the vibration impact applying mechanism (5) comprises an impact head (5-1), a spring (5-2), an acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3), a limit box (5-4), a baffle (5-5), a push rod (5-6) and a sliding fixing card (5-7); the impact head (5-1) is in the shape of a bullet and is assembled and fixed with one end of the spring (5-2) to apply vibration impact to the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2); a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head (5-1) to wirelessly transmit acceleration data of the impact; the other end of the spring (5-2) is assembled and fixed with the acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3), and the surface of the acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3) has an external thread; The limit box (5-4) is a cubic structure and is provided with a receiving cavity therein for accommodating the impact head (5-1), the spring (5-2) and the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3). An internal thread is provided in the through hole of the limit box (5-4) for matching and connecting with the external thread of the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3), so that the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3) can be screwed into the limit box (5-4) without being ejected by the spring (5-2). One end of the baffle (5-5) is connected to the upper end of the limit box (5-4) by a bolt, and the bolt does not need to be tightened to ensure that the baffle (5-5) can rotate. One end of the push rod (5-6) is assembled and fixed to the limit box (5-4), and the other end is inserted into an oblique hole at one end of the sliding fixing card (5-7). When not in operation, the push rod (5-6) can be fixed by a bolt so that it does not slide freely.

[0010] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the square hole at the other end of the sliding fixing card (5-7) is used to be inserted into the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1); when not in operation, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed with bolts so that it does not slide freely.

[0011] An embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring, which is implemented by using a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring of the above embodiment, and includes the following steps: Step 1, multi-dimensional deformation application: after a deformation application mechanism (3) is installed in the X direction, when a stepper motor (3-1) fixed on the second slider (3-6) is in operation, it drives the rack mechanism (3-2) to move forward and backward along the X direction, and the ring (4) welded and assembled with the rack mechanism (3-2) also moves synchronously, thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) with a clearance fit with the ring (4) to tilt forward and backward along the X direction; another deformation application structure (3) is installed in the Y direction and fixedly assembled with the ring (4), thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) with a clearance fit with the ring (4) to tilt left and right along the Y direction; By simultaneously installing two deformation applying mechanisms (3) in different directions, a pair of orthogonally arranged deformation applying mechanisms (3) are formed, and then the deformation applying mechanisms (3) are welded and fixed to the collar (4), so that deformation is simultaneously applied to the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2) in the X and Y directions; the displacement in the X and Y directions can be measured by controlling the number of revolutions of the stepping motor (3-1), and when each pair of stepping motors (3-1) inputs a pulse signal, the rack mechanism (3-2) can be controlled to move forward or backward a fixed distance; Step 2, measuring the displacement by means of pointers installed on the two first slide blocks (3-5) and the scale lines on the corresponding two first slide rails (3-7), that is, when not working, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; after the deformation is applied, the pointer points to other scale lines, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the calibration test; a plurality of serially connected fiber optic Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) are closely attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) to sense the tilt information, and the tilt information is transmitted to the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator (7) through the lead-out optical fiber (6); by analyzing the data stored in the fiber optic Bragg grating demodulator (7), the data is converted into the required deformation amount, thereby completing the multi-dimensional deformation calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber optic Bragg grating composite sensor (2); Step 3, applying multi-dimensional vibration shock: applying vibration shock to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the X direction, and installing the vibration shock applying mechanism (5) on the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) along the X direction; applying vibration shock to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the Y direction, and installing the vibration shock applying mechanism (5) on another second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) along the Y direction; and installing two vibration shock applying mechanisms (5) in different directions at the same time to form a pair of orthogonally arranged vibration shock applying mechanisms (5), which can Vibration shocks are applied to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the X and Y directions respectively; before applying the vibration shocks, the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) is inserted into a square hole at one end of a sliding fixing card (5-7) of the vibration shock applying mechanism (5), and the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed to the second vertical rod (1-4) using bolts, and the impact head (5-1) is aligned with the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2), with a preset gap between the two, so as to ensure that the impact head (5-1) strongly impacts the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2); The vibration information detected by the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) is transmitted to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator (7) via the lead-out optical fiber (6); wherein the wavelength change caused by the vibration information is a fluctuation in a short period of time, and the wavelength that fluctuates violently in a short period of time is regarded as caused by vibration, thereby realizing multi-dimensional vibration calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2).

[0012] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 3 comprises: step 31, rotating the baffle (5-5) to release the impact head (5-1); due to the elastic force of the spring (5-2), the impact head (5-1) impacts the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2) along the X and / or Y direction and carries a certain acceleration; and a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head (5-1) to wirelessly transmit the acceleration data of the impact, so as to obtain the impact acceleration information in time; when the impact head (5-1) is not working, the baffle (5-5) is rotated to block the impact head (5-1) so that it is not ejected by the spring (5-2).

[0013] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 3 includes: step 32, by adjusting the depth of the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3) being screwed into the limit box (5-4), since the baffle (5-5) blocks the impact head (5-1) from being ejected by the spring (5-2), the spring (5-2) is further compressed and the elastic force is increased, thereby adjusting the impact force of the impact head (5-1).

[0014] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 3 includes: step 33, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed to the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) by bolts, and after the bolts are loosened, the sliding fixing card (5-7) can be controlled to move freely up and down on the second vertical rod (1-4); when it moves to a position that needs to be impacted, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed with bolts, so that vibration impact of the specific position can be achieved.

[0015] In an optional embodiment of the present invention, step 3 includes: step 34, when the inclinometer tube (2-1) is tilted to a certain degree, the impact head (5-1) may not be able to impact the surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) effectively, and the limit box 5-4 that limits the impact head (5-1) is fixedly matched with the push rod (5-6), and the push rod (5-6) is fixed with the sliding fixing card 5-7 by bolts; at this time, the bolts are loosened and the telescopic length of the push rod (5-6) is adjusted to control the distance between the impact head (5-1) and the inclinometer tube (2-1), thereby completing normal vibration impact.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device and method for landslide monitoring, which has the following beneficial effects: (1) A pair of orthogonally arranged deformation application mechanisms are assembled and fixed with a collar to realize multi-dimensional deformation application. (2) The displacement is measured simultaneously by the rotation speed of the stepping motor and the pointer on the slider to ensure the accuracy of calibration. (3) Multi-dimensional vibration application is realized by two orthogonally installed vibration impact application mechanisms. (4) The vibration impact application mechanism can move up and down freely on the vertical rod of the frame, thereby realizing vibration impact on different parts of the inclinometer tube. (5) By adjusting the depth of the acceleration adjustment tube screwed into the limit box, the impact force of the vibration impact application mechanism can be adjusted. (6) When the inclinometer tube is tilted to a certain extent, the impact head may not be able to impact the inclinometer tube forcefully. At this time, by adjusting the telescopic length of the push rod, the distance between the impact head and the inclinometer tube can be controlled, thereby completing normal vibration impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring provided in the present application.

[0019] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor provided in this application.

[0020] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a pair of deformation applying mechanisms provided in this application.

[0021] Figure 4 It is a partial structural schematic diagram of a slide rail and a first sliding block provided in the present application.

[0022] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a vibration impact applying mechanism in a non-working state provided by the present application.

[0023] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of an impact head provided in this application.

[0024] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of a vibration impact applying mechanism in a working state provided by the present application.

[0025] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. frame; 2. fiber Bragg grating composite sensor for landslide monitoring; 3. deformation applying mechanism; 4. collar; 5. vibration impact applying mechanism; 6. optical fiber; 7. fiber Bragg grating demodulator; 1-1. base; 1-2. fixing plate; 1-3. first vertical rod; 1-4. second vertical rod; 1-5. cross rod; 2-1. inclinometer tube; 2-2. fiber Bragg grating composite sensor; 2-3. wire rope; 2-4. handle; 3-1. stepper motor; 3-2. rack mechanism; 3-3. guide rod; 3-4. guide rod block; 3-5. first slider; 3-6. second slider; 3-7. first slide rail; 3-8. second slide rail; 5-1. impact head; 5-2. spring; 5-3. acceleration adjustment cylinder; 5-4. limit box; 5-5. baffle; 5-6. push rod; 5-7. sliding fixing card. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring, including a frame 1, a landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2, a pair of deformation applying mechanisms 3, a collar 4, a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms 5, an optical fiber 6 and a fiber Bragg grating demodulator 7. The frame 1 includes a base 1-1, a fixing plate 1-2, four first vertical rods 1-3, two second vertical rods 1-4 and four cross rods 1-5, the fixing plate 1-2 is installed on the inner side of the base 1-1, the four first vertical rods 1-3 are installed at the four corners of the base 1-1, each second vertical rod 1-4 is installed in the middle of the two first vertical rods 1-3, and the four cross rods 1-5 are installed at the top of the four first vertical rods 1-3 and the two second vertical rods 1-4; a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms 5 are arranged on the two second vertical rods 1-4, and a pair of deformation applying mechanisms 3 are arranged on the two cross rods 1-5.

[0028] The landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 includes an inclinometer tube 2-1, a plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors 2-2 connected in series, a steel wire rope 2-3 and a handle 2-4. The handle 2-4 and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors 2-2 connected in series are assembled in series using the steel wire rope 2-3. The handle 2-4 is sleeved on the upper end of the inclinometer tube 2-1. The plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors 2-2 connected in series are closely attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube 2-1 in a suspended manner, and are used to sense the inclination and vibration information of the inclinometer tube 2-1. One end of the inclinometer tube 2-1 is inserted into the collar 4, and the collar 4 is gap-matched, so that the collar 4 moves in multiple dimensions, and the collar 4 is connected to a pair of deformation applying mechanisms 3. The other end of the inclinometer tube 2-1 is fixed on the fixed plate 1-2, and the lead-out optical fibers 6 of several serially connected fiber grating composite sensors 2-2 pass through the central hole of the fixed plate 1-2 and are electrically connected to the fiber grating demodulator 7, which is used to receive and analyze the optical signal transmitted by the lead-out optical fibers 6.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the deformation applying mechanism 3 includes a stepper motor 3-1, a rack mechanism 3-2, a guide rod 3-3, a guide rod block 3-4, a first slider 3-5, a second slider 3-6, a first slide rail 3-7 and a second slide rail 3-8. The collar 4 is a circular ring structure, and the rack mechanism 3-2 and the guide rod 3-3 are connected to the collar 4 by welding. The stepper motor 3-1 and the rack mechanism 3-2 are installed on the second slider 3-6, and the second slider 3-6 is installed on the second slide rail 3-8 on one of the cross bars 1-5, so that the second slider 3-6 slides along the second slide rail 3-8.

[0030] The output gear shaft of the stepper motor 3-1 is connected to the rack mechanism 3-2 for precisely controlling the displacement of the rack mechanism 3-2. When the stepper motor 3-1 inputs a pulse signal, the rack mechanism 3-2 can be controlled to move forward or backward by a preset distance. The other end of the guide rod 3-3 passes through the guide rod block 3-4, and the guide rod block 3-4 is fixedly connected to the first slider 3-5. The first slider 3-5 is assembled with the first slide rail 3-7, and the first slide rail 3-7 is installed on another cross bar 1-5, so that the first slider 3-5 can slide along the first slide rail 3-7.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the first slider 3-5 is equipped with a pointer, and the slide rail 3-7 is provided with scale lines; when not working, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; after deformation is applied to the rack mechanism 3-2, the pointer points to other scale lines, thereby measuring the displacement, and calibrating the displacement simultaneously with the stepper motor 3-1 to ensure the accuracy of the calibration test.

[0032] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the vibration impact applying mechanism 5 includes an impact head 5-1, a spring 5-2, an acceleration adjustment cylinder 5-3, a limit box 5-4, a baffle 5-5, a push rod 5-6 and a sliding fixing card 5-7; the impact head 5-1 is in the shape of a bullet, assembled and fixed with one end of the spring 5-2, and is used to implement vibration impact on the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor 2; a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head 5-1, which can wirelessly transmit the acceleration data of the impact; the other end of the spring 5-2 is assembled and fixed with the acceleration adjustment cylinder 5-3, and the surface of the acceleration adjustment cylinder 5-3 has an external thread.

[0033] The limit box 5-4 is a cubic structure, and a accommodating cavity is arranged inside, which is used to place the impact head 5-1, the spring 5-2 and the acceleration adjustment tube 5-3. The through hole of the limit box 5-4 is provided with an internal thread, which is used to cooperate with the external thread of the acceleration adjustment tube 5-3 to facilitate screwing the acceleration adjustment tube 5-3 into the limit box 5-4, and it will not be ejected by the spring 5-2; one end of the baffle 5-5 is connected to the upper end of the limit box 5-4 by a bolt, and the bolt does not need to be tightened to ensure that the baffle 5-5 can rotate; one end of the push rod 5-6 is assembled and fixed to the limit box 5-4, and the other end is inserted into the inclined hole at one end of the sliding fixing card 5-7; when not working, the push rod 5-6 can be fixed with bolts to prevent it from sliding freely. Figure 1 Combination Figure 5 The square hole at the other end of the sliding fixing card 5-7 is used to be inserted into the second vertical rod 1-4 of the rack 1; when not working, the sliding fixing card 5-7 is fixed with bolts so that it does not slide freely.

[0034] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring, which is implemented by using a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring of the above embodiment, and includes the following steps: Step 1, multi-dimensional deformation application: after a deformation application mechanism 3 is installed in the X direction, when the stepper motor 3-1 fixed on the second slider 3-6 is running, it drives the rack mechanism 3-2 to move forward and backward along the X direction, and the ring 4 welded and assembled with the rack mechanism 3-2 also moves synchronously, thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 with a clearance fit with the ring 4 to tilt forward and backward along the X direction; another deformation application structure 3 is installed in the Y direction and fixedly assembled with the ring 4, thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 with a clearance fit with the ring 4 to tilt left and right along the Y direction; By simultaneously installing two deformation applying mechanisms 3 in different directions, a pair of orthogonally arranged deformation applying mechanisms 3 are formed, and then welded and fixed with the ring 4, deformation is simultaneously applied to the X and Y directions of the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor 2; the displacement in the X and Y directions can be measured by controlling the number of revolutions of the stepping motor 3-1, that is, each pair of stepping motors 3-1 inputs a pulse signal, which can control the rack mechanism 3-2 to move forward or backward a fixed distance; Step 2, measure the displacement through the pointers installed on the two first sliders 3-5 and the scale lines on the corresponding two first slide rails 3-7, that is, when not working, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; after the deformation is applied, the pointer points to other scale lines to ensure the accuracy of the calibration test; a number of fiber grating composite sensors 2-2 connected in series are tightly attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube 2-1 to sense the tilt information, and transmit the tilt information to the fiber grating demodulator 7 through the lead-out optical fiber 6; the wavelength change caused by the tilt is a slow change, so the slowly changing wavelength is regarded as caused by the tilt change. By parsing the data saved by the fiber grating demodulator 7 and converting it into the required deformation, the multi-dimensional deformation calibration of the fiber grating composite sensor 2 for landslide monitoring is completed; Step 3, multi-dimensional vibration impact application: apply vibration impact to the X direction of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2, and install the vibration impact application mechanism 5 on the second vertical rod 1-4 of the frame 1 along the X direction; apply vibration impact to the Y direction of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2, and install the vibration impact application mechanism 5 on another second vertical rod 1-4 of the frame 1 along the Y direction; install two vibration impact application mechanisms 5 in different directions at the same time, forming a pair of orthogonally arranged vibration impact application mechanisms 5, which can apply vibration impact to the X and Y directions of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 respectively, and the impact force of the vibration impact application mechanism 5 can also be adjusted. Before applying the vibration impact, the second vertical rod 1-4 of the frame 1 is inserted into the square hole at one end of the sliding fixing card 5-7 of the vibration impact application mechanism 5, and the sliding fixing card 5-7 is fixed on the second vertical rod 1-4 with bolts, and the impact head 5-1 is aligned with the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2, and a preset gap is spaced between the two to ensure that the impact head 5-1 impacts the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 with force; The vibration information detected by the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2 is transmitted to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator 7 through the lead-out optical fiber 6; the wavelength change caused by the vibration information is a fluctuation in a short period of time, and the wavelength with a short-term and drastic fluctuation is regarded as caused by vibration, which can realize the multi-dimensional vibration calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor 2.

[0035] Step 3 includes: step 31, rotating the baffle 5-5, releasing the impact head 5-1, due to the elastic force of the spring 5-2, the impact head 5-1 is along the X and / or Y direction, and carries a certain acceleration to impact on the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor 2; and a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head 5-1, which can wirelessly transmit the acceleration data of the impact, so as to obtain the impact acceleration information in time; when the impact head 5-1 is not working, the baffle 5-5 is rotated to block the impact head 5-1 so that it is not ejected by the spring 5-2.

[0036] Step 3 includes: Step 32, by adjusting the depth of the acceleration adjustment tube 5-3 screwed into the limit box 5-4, since the baffle 5-5 blocks the impact head 5-1 from being ejected by the spring 5-2, the spring 5-2 is further compressed and the elastic force increases, thereby adjusting the impact force of the impact head 5-1.

[0037] Step 3 includes: Step 33, the sliding fixing card 5-7 is fixed to the second vertical rod 1-4 of the frame 1 by bolts. After loosening the bolts, the sliding fixing card 5-7 can be controlled to move freely up and down on the second vertical rod 1-4; when it moves to the position where impact is required, the sliding fixing card 5-7 is fixed with bolts to achieve vibration impact on the specific position, thereby achieving the purpose of adjusting the impact position of the vibration impact applying mechanism 5.

[0038] Step 3 includes: Step 34, when the inclinometer tube 2-1 tilts to a certain degree, the impact head 5-1 may not be able to impact the surface of the inclinometer tube 2-1 effectively, and the limit box 5-4 that limits the impact head 5-1 is fixedly matched with the push rod 5-6, and the push rod 5-6 is fixed to the sliding fixing card 5-7 by bolts; at this time, loosen the bolts and adjust the telescopic length of the push rod 5-6 to control the distance between the impact head 5-1 and the inclinometer tube 2-1, thereby completing normal vibration impact.

[0039] In summary, although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of preferred embodiments, the above preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention. A person skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be based on the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2), a pair of deformation applying mechanisms (3), a collar (4), a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms (5), an optical fiber (6) and a fiber Bragg grating demodulator (7); The frame (1) comprises a base (1-1), a fixing plate (1-2), four first vertical rods (1-3), two second vertical rods (1-4) and four cross rods (1-5); the fixing plate (1-2) is mounted on the inner side of the base (1-1); the four first vertical rods (1-3) are mounted at the four corners of the base (1-1); each second vertical rod (1-4) is mounted between two first vertical rods (1-3); and the four cross rods (1-5) are mounted on the top ends of the four first vertical rods (1-3) and the two second vertical rods (1-4); a pair of vibration impact applying mechanisms (5) are arranged on the two second vertical rods (1-4); and a pair of deformation applying mechanisms (3) are arranged on the two cross rods (1-5); The landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) comprises an inclinometer tube (2-1), a plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series, a steel wire rope (2-3) and a handle (2-4); the handle (2-4) and the plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series are assembled in series using the steel wire rope (2-3); the handle (2-4) is sleeved on the upper end of the inclinometer tube (2-1); the plurality of fiber Bragg grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series are closely attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) in a suspended manner, and are used to sense the inclination and vibration information of the inclinometer tube (2-1); One end of the inclinometer tube (2-1) is inserted into the ring (4) and is loosely matched with the ring (4); the ring (4) is connected to a pair of deformation applying mechanisms (3); the other end of the inclinometer tube (2-1) is fixed to the fixing plate (1-2); the lead-out optical fibers (6) of a plurality of serially connected optical fiber grating composite sensors (2-2) are electrically connected to the optical fiber grating demodulator (7) through a central hole of the fixing plate (1-2); the optical fiber grating demodulator (7) is used to receive and analyze optical signals transmitted by the lead-out optical fibers (6).

2. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The deformation applying mechanism (3) comprises a stepping motor (3-1), a rack mechanism (3-2), a guide rod (3-3), a guide rod block (3-4), a first slider (3-5), a second slider (3-6), a first slide rail (3-7) and a second slide rail (3-8); the collar (4) is a circular ring structure, and the rack mechanism (3-2) and the guide rod (3-3) are connected to the collar (4) by welding; the stepping motor (3-1) and the rack mechanism (3-2) are mounted on the second slider (3-6), and the second slider (3-6) is mounted on a second slide rail (3-8) on one of the cross bars (1-5), so that the second slider (3-6) slides along the second slide rail (3-8); The output gear shaft of the stepper motor (3-1) is connected to the rack mechanism (3-2) for accurately controlling the displacement of the rack mechanism (3-2); when a pulse signal is input to the stepper motor (3-1), the rack mechanism (3-2) can be controlled to move forward or backward a preset distance; The other end of the guide rod (3-3) passes through the guide rod block (3-4), the guide rod block (3-4) is fixedly connected to the first slider (3-5), the first slider (3-5) is assembled with the first slide rail (3-7), and the first slide rail (3-7) is installed on another cross bar (1-5), so that the first slider (3-5) can slide along the first slide rail (3-7).

3. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The first sliding block (3-5) is equipped with a pointer, and the sliding rail (3-7) is provided with scale lines; when not in operation, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; after deformation is applied to the rack mechanism (3-2), the pointer points to other scale lines, thereby measuring the displacement, and calibrating the displacement amount simultaneously with the stepping motor (3-1) to ensure the accuracy of the calibration test.

4. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The vibration impact applying mechanism (5) comprises an impact head (5-1), a spring (5-2), an acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3), a limit box (5-4), a baffle (5-5), a push rod (5-6) and a sliding fixing card (5-7); the impact head (5-1) is in the shape of a bullet and is assembled and fixed to one end of the spring (5-2) for applying vibration impact to the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2); a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head (5-1) and can wirelessly transmit acceleration data of the impact; the other end of the spring (5-2) is assembled and fixed to the acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3), and the surface of the acceleration adjustment cylinder (5-3) has an external thread; The limit box (5-4) is a cubic structure and is provided with a receiving cavity therein for accommodating the impact head (5-1), the spring (5-2) and the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3). An internal thread is provided in the through hole of the limit box (5-4) for matching and connecting with the external thread of the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3), so that the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3) can be screwed into the limit box (5-4) without being ejected by the spring (5-2). One end of the baffle (5-5) is connected to the upper end of the limit box (5-4) by a bolt, and the bolt does not need to be tightened to ensure that the baffle (5-5) can rotate. One end of the push rod (5-6) is assembled and fixed to the limit box (5-4), and the other end is inserted into an oblique hole at one end of the sliding fixing card (5-7). When not in operation, the push rod (5-6) can be fixed by a bolt so that it does not slide freely.

5. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact applying device for landslide monitoring according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The square hole at the other end of the sliding fixing card (5-7) is used to be inserted into the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1); when not in operation, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed with bolts so that it does not slide freely.

6. A multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring, implemented by a multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application device for landslide monitoring as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, multi-dimensional deformation application: after a deformation application mechanism (3) is installed in the X direction, when a stepper motor (3-1) fixed on the second slider (3-6) is in operation, it drives the rack mechanism (3-2) to move forward and backward along the X direction, and the ring (4) welded and assembled with the rack mechanism (3-2) also moves synchronously, thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) with a clearance fit with the ring (4) to tilt forward and backward along the X direction; another deformation application structure (3) is installed in the Y direction and fixedly assembled with the ring (4), thereby driving the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) with a clearance fit with the ring (4) to tilt left and right along the Y direction; By simultaneously installing two deformation applying mechanisms (3) in different directions, a pair of orthogonally arranged deformation applying mechanisms (3) are formed, and then the deformation applying mechanisms (3) are welded and fixed to the collar (4), so that deformation is simultaneously applied to the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2) in the X and Y directions; the displacement in the X and Y directions can be measured by controlling the number of revolutions of the stepping motor (3-1), and when each pair of stepping motors (3-1) inputs a pulse signal, the rack mechanism (3-2) can be controlled to move forward or backward a fixed distance; Step 2, measuring the displacement by means of pointers installed on the two first slide blocks (3-5) and scale lines on the corresponding two first slide rails (3-7), that is, when not working, the pointer points to the 0 scale line; After the deformation is applied, the pointer points to other scale lines to ensure the accuracy of the calibration test; a plurality of fiber grating composite sensors (2-2) connected in series are closely attached to the inner surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) to sense the tilt information, and the tilt information is transmitted to the fiber grating demodulator (7) through the lead-out optical fiber (6); the data stored in the fiber grating demodulator (7) is analyzed and converted into the required deformation amount, thereby completing the multi-dimensional deformation calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2); Step 3, applying multi-dimensional vibration shock: applying vibration shock to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the X direction, and installing the vibration shock applying mechanism (5) on the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) along the X direction; applying vibration shock to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the Y direction, and installing the vibration shock applying mechanism (5) on another second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) along the Y direction; and installing two vibration shock applying mechanisms (5) in different directions at the same time to form a pair of orthogonally arranged vibration shock applying mechanisms (5), which can Vibration shocks are applied to the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) in the X and Y directions respectively; before applying the vibration shocks, the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) is inserted into a square hole at one end of a sliding fixing card (5-7) of the vibration shock applying mechanism (5), and the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed to the second vertical rod (1-4) using bolts, and the impact head (5-1) is aligned with the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2), with a preset gap between the two, so as to ensure that the impact head (5-1) strongly impacts the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2); The vibration information detected by the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2) is transmitted to the fiber Bragg grating demodulator (7) via the lead-out optical fiber (6); wherein the wavelength change caused by the vibration information is a fluctuation in a short period of time, and the wavelength that fluctuates violently in a short period of time is regarded as caused by vibration, thereby realizing multi-dimensional vibration calibration of the landslide monitoring fiber Bragg grating composite sensor (2).

7. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring according to claim 6, characterized in that: Step 3 comprises: step 31, rotating the baffle (5-5) to release the impact head (5-1); due to the elastic force of the spring (5-2), the impact head (5-1) impacts the surface of the landslide monitoring fiber grating composite sensor (2) along the X and / or Y direction with a certain acceleration; and a wireless acceleration sensor is installed inside the impact head (5-1) to wirelessly transmit the acceleration data of the impact, so as to obtain the impact acceleration information in time; when the impact head (5-1) is not working, rotating the baffle (5-5) to block the impact head (5-1) so that it is not ejected by the spring (5-2).

8. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: Step 3 includes: step 32, by adjusting the depth of the acceleration adjustment tube (5-3) being screwed into the limit box (5-4), since the baffle (5-5) blocks the impact head (5-1) from being ejected by the spring (5-2), the spring (5-2) is further compressed and the elastic force increases, thereby adjusting the impact force of the impact head (5-1).

9. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring according to claim 8, characterized in that: Step 3 includes: step 33, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed to the second vertical rod (1-4) of the frame (1) by bolts, and after the bolts are loosened, the sliding fixing card (5-7) can be controlled to move freely up and down on the second vertical rod (1-4); when it moves to the position that needs to be impacted, the sliding fixing card (5-7) is fixed with bolts, so that vibration impact of the specific position can be achieved.

10. The multi-dimensional deformation and vibration impact application method for landslide monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that: Step 3 includes: step 34, when the inclinometer tube (2-1) is tilted to a certain degree, the impact head (5-1) may not be able to impact the surface of the inclinometer tube (2-1) effectively, and the limit box 5-4 that limits the impact head (5-1) is fixedly matched with the push rod (5-6), and the push rod (5-6) is fixed with the sliding fixing card 5-7 by bolts; at this time, the bolts are loosened and the telescopic length of the push rod (5-6) is adjusted to control the distance between the impact head (5-1) and the inclinometer tube (2-1), thereby completing normal vibration impact.

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