A PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of anti-collision performance detection of PVC guardrails, and proposes an anti-collision performance detection system and method for PVC guardrails. In terms of data acquisition, multiple types of high-precision devices cooperate to achieve comprehensive and accurate acquisition of data such as strain, impact force, and deformation displacement. In the transmission and preprocessing links, CRC check ensures error-free data transmission, and mean filtering removes noise. The control module can accurately regulate impact parameters and can also perform intelligent verification. During data analysis, multiple algorithms are fused to deeply explore the value of data, and the anti-collision performance is evaluated based on comprehensive indicators such as energy absorption capacity, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of detection. Multiple devices synchronously collect data, and real-time monitoring and preliminary processing ensure data quality. In the data analysis link, a variety of advanced algorithms are used to deeply analyze the data and extract more key information. During evaluation, the comprehensive indicators such as energy absorption capacity are compared with the standards, and the determination is more scientific and reasonable, improving the precision and efficiency of detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anti - collision performance detection of PVC guardrails, and specifically to a detection system and method for the anti - collision performance of PVC guardrails. Background Technique

[0002] In the fields of modern transportation and construction, due to characteristics such as low cost, corrosion resistance, and convenient installation, PVC guardrails are widely used in scenarios such as road isolation and community protection, and their anti - collision performance is directly related to life and property safety. However, there are many drawbacks in the existing anti - collision performance detection technologies for PVC guardrails.

[0003] Existing detection systems mostly rely on simple device start - stop control. It is difficult for testers to flexibly adjust key parameters such as the speed, mass, and angle of the impact simulation device according to actual needs, resulting in limited detection scenarios and an inability to accurately simulate complex and diverse actual impact situations. In terms of data processing, existing technologies lack the ability to analyze and store in real - time. A large amount of data such as strain, impact force, and deformation displacement generated during detection cannot be analyzed promptly and deeply, and there is no reliable storage architecture to ensure data security and traceability. This not only leads to low detection efficiency but also is not conducive to in - depth research and comparison of detection results later, making it difficult to summarize rules from a large amount of historical data and provide a strong basis for the optimized design of guardrails.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to invent a detection system and method for the anti - collision performance of PVC guardrails. By simulating richer actual scenarios and, at the same time, through powerful data processing and storage functions, real - time analysis of detection data can comprehensively and accurately evaluate the anti - collision performance of PVC guardrails, providing solid technical support for improving the quality of guardrails and ensuring public safety. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical Problems to be Solved

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the existing technology, the present invention provides a detection system and method for the anti - collision performance of PVC guardrails.

[0007] Technical Solutions

[0008] To achieve the above - mentioned solution objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A detection system for the anti - collision performance of PVC guardrails includes the following modules:

[0009] S1. Data acquisition module: This module is mainly responsible for collecting data and converting physical quantities into measurable and analyzable electrical signals and image information through different sensors and devices;

[0010] S2. Data transmission and pre - processing module: Using CRC check to ensure the accuracy of data transmission, and adopting the mean filtering algorithm to pre - process the collected data to remove noise interference;

[0011] S3. Control and Parameter Setting Module: With the help of the hydraulic and servo control systems, accurately regulate the speed, mass, and angle of the impact simulation device according to physical formulas;

[0012] S4. Data Analysis and Evaluation Module: Deeply analyze the collected data, including stress analysis of strain data, peak value and impulse analysis of impact force data, and analysis of deformation and displacement data.

[0013] Strain data analysis formula: ,

[0014] In the formula, : Stress vector within the element, : Elastic matrix, : Geometric matrix, : Node displacement vector,

[0015] Impact force data analysis formula:

[0016] Peak detection: Determine the peak value of the impact force by comparing the magnitudes of adjacent data points , that is, when and , may be the peak value.

[0017] Impulse calculation:

[0018] In the formula, : Peak value of the impact force, : Impulse of the impact force, : Impact force value at the th sampling moment, which is discrete impact force measurement data, : Sampling time interval, : Total number of sampling points of the impact force data,

[0019] Deformation and displacement data analysis formula:

[0020] In the formula, : Output result of the CNN model, : Weight matrix, : Feature vector obtained after operations such as convolution and pooling of the CNN model, : Image data input to the CNN model, : Bias vector,

[0021] Anti-collision performance evaluation formula:

[0022] In the formula, : Energy absorption capacity of the guardrail, : Displacement of the guardrail, : Maximum displacement of the guardrail during impact, : Corresponding displacement when the impact force is;

[0023] S5, Data Storage and Report Generation Module: Adopts a relational database and a distributed file system to store data, and automatically generates a detection report through a template engine.

[0024] Preferably, the key data collected by the data acquisition module includes strain data, impact force data, and deformation and displacement data.

[0025] Preferably, the strain data acquisition formula:

[0026] In the formula, : Output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge, : Input voltage of the Wheatstone bridge, : Resistance change rate of the strain gauge, : Sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge, : Strain, a physical quantity describing the degree of deformation of an object under force.

[0027] Preferably, the impact force data acquisition formula:

[0028] In the formula, : Voltage output by the pressure sensor, : Sensitivity coefficient of the pressure sensor, : Impact force, that is, the force exerted when the impact simulation device impacts the PVC guardrail, : Offset of the pressure sensor.

[0029] Preferably, the deformation and displacement data acquisition formula:

[0030] In a two-dimensional plane, for a feature point:

[0031] In the formula, : Displacement of the feature point in the horizontal direction, : Horizontal coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment, : Horizontal coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment, : Displacement of the feature point in the vertical direction, : Vertical coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment, : Vertical coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment.

[0032] Preferably, the control formula of the impact simulation device for the hydraulic system part:

[0033] In the formula, : The pressure in the hydraulic system, : The density of the hydraulic oil, : The acceleration due to gravity, : The height of the hydraulic oil column, : The flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in the pipeline;

[0034] The control formula of the impact simulation device for the servo system part:

[0035] In the formula, : The impact angle of the impact head, : The transmission ratio coefficient, : The rotation angle of the motor,

[0036] Parameter setting formula (parameter range limit):

[0037] For the impact velocity : ,

[0038] For the impact mass : ,

[0039] For the impact angle : ,

[0040] In the formula, : The impact velocity of the impact simulation device, : The minimum impact velocity allowed to be set, : The maximum impact velocity allowed to be set, : The impact mass of the impact simulation device, : The minimum impact mass allowed to be set, : The maximum impact mass allowed to be set, : The impact angle of the impact simulation device, : The minimum impact angle allowed to be set, : The maximum impact angle allowed to be set.

[0041] A detection method for the anti-collision performance detection system of a PVC guardrail, including the following steps:

[0042] S1. Preliminary preparation: Install and debug the strain gauge, pressure sensor, high-speed camera and impact simulation device, accurately set the impact parameters in the control system and calibrate them, and at the same time configure the data storage and transmission settings;

[0043] S2. Implementation of Detection: Start the process. The impact simulation device impacts the guardrail according to the set parameters. During this period, the strain gauges, pressure sensors, and high-speed cameras collect data synchronously and transmit it to the control system for real-time monitoring and preliminary processing;

[0044] S3. Data Analysis: Use finite element analysis of the strain data to obtain the stress distribution and strain energy. Analyze the impact force data through peak detection and integral algorithms, and calculate the deformation and displacement of the guardrail using the CNN model;

[0045] S4. Performance Evaluation: Calculate indicators such as energy absorption based on the analysis results, compare with the standards, and determine whether the anti-collision performance of the guardrail is qualified;

[0046] S5. Report Generation and Storage: The system automatically generates a test report covering all key information, classifies and stores the report and the original data, and backs them up regularly.

[0047] Preferably, the data preprocessing formula:

[0048] In the formula, : The data output value at the th moment after mean filtering processing, : The length of the mean filtering window, : The original data collected at the th moment, : The index variable used to traverse the data points within the mean filtering window, ranging from 0 to .

[0049] Beneficial Effects

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system and method, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0051] 1. For this PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system, in terms of data collection, multiple types of high-precision devices cooperate to achieve comprehensive and accurate collection of data such as strain, impact force, deformation, and displacement. In the data transmission and preprocessing links, CRC check ensures error-free data transmission, mean filtering removes noise, the control module can accurately adjust the impact parameters, and can also perform intelligent verification. During data analysis, multiple algorithms are integrated to deeply explore the data value, and the anti-collision performance is evaluated based on comprehensive indicators such as energy absorption ability, improving the accuracy, efficiency, and reliability of the detection, and providing strong support for the evaluation of the anti-collision performance of PVC guardrails.

[0052] 2. The anti-collision performance testing method of PVC guardrail collects data synchronously with multiple devices, and ensures data quality through real-time monitoring and preliminary processing. In the data analysis stage, a variety of advanced algorithms are used to deeply analyze the data and dig out more key information. When evaluating, comprehensive indicators such as energy absorption capacity are compared with standards to make more scientific and reasonable judgments, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of detection, making the anti-collision performance evaluation of PVC guardrail more reliable and more valuable for reference, and promoting the high-quality development of the industry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the framework of the PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic flow chart of the method for detecting the anti-collision performance of PVC guardrails of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 2 The present invention proposes a PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system and method, the contents of which are as follows:

[0057] 1. A PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system

[0058] S1, data acquisition module

[0059] This module is mainly responsible for collecting various key data of PVC guardrails during the anti-collision performance test, including strain data, impact force data, deformation and displacement data. Through different sensors and devices, physical quantities are converted into electrical signals or image information that can be measured and analyzed.

[0060] Strain data collection formula:

[0061] In the formula, : The output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge is the voltage signal output by the strain gauge after it senses the strain of the guardrail. Its size depends on the change of the strain gauge resistance. The strain information can be indirectly obtained by measuring this voltage.

[0062] : The input voltage of the Wheatstone bridge provides the strain gauge with a stable voltage source required for operation, usually a fixed power supply voltage.

[0063] : The resistance change rate of the strain gauge reflects the relative change degree of the strain gauge resistance due to the strain of the guardrail, and it is a dimensionless quantity.

[0064] : The sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge is an inherent property of the strain gauge. It represents the proportional relationship between strain and the resistance change rate, and its value depends on the material and structure of the strain gauge. Different strain gauges have different sensitivity coefficients.

[0065] : Strain is a physical quantity that describes the degree of deformation of an object under force, reflects the deformation magnitude generated by the PVC guardrail when being impacted, and it is a dimensionless ratio.

[0066] Impact force data acquisition formula:

[0067] In the formula, : The voltage output by the pressure sensor. This voltage signal has a linear relationship with the applied impact force, and the magnitude of the impact force can be deduced by measuring this voltage.

[0068] : The sensitivity coefficient of the pressure sensor is used to convert the impact force received by the pressure sensor into a voltage signal. Different pressure sensors have different sensitivity coefficients, which depend on their internal structure and material.

[0069] : The impact force, that is, the force applied when the impact simulation device impacts the PVC guardrail, is the physical quantity to be measured and is used to evaluate the anti-collision performance of the guardrail.

[0070] : The offset of the pressure sensor is the output voltage of the pressure sensor when no impact force is applied, representing the zero-offset error of the sensor. This offset needs to be considered when measuring the impact force.

[0071] Deformation and displacement data acquisition formula:

[0072] In a two-dimensional plane, for the feature point:

[0073] In the formula, : The displacement of the feature point in the horizontal direction (x-axis direction) reflects the position change of the guardrail in the horizontal direction due to the impact.

[0074] : The horizontal coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment serves as the starting position for displacement calculation.

[0075] : The horizontal coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment, which is used to subtract from the horizontal coordinate at the initial moment to obtain the displacement in the horizontal direction.

[0076] : The displacement of the feature point in the vertical direction (y-axis direction), which reflects the position change of the guardrail in the vertical direction due to impact.

[0077] : The vertical coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment, which serves as the starting position for displacement calculation.

[0078] : The vertical coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment, which is used to subtract from the vertical coordinate at the initial moment to obtain the displacement in the vertical direction.

[0079] S2. Data Transmission and Preprocessing Module

[0080] This module mainly involves accurately and completely transmitting the collected data to the control system and preprocessing the data to eliminate noise interference and improve data quality.

[0081] Data transmission formula (taking Cyclic Redundancy Check CRC as an example):

[0082] First, shift the data block left by bits to get , then divide by the generating polynomial to get the remainder , append to and then transmit.

[0083] Among them, : The original data block, which contains various data collected from sensors, such as strain data, impact force data, etc., and is the main body of the data to be transmitted.

[0084] : The highest power of the generating polynomial , which determines the length of the CRC check code and is an important parameter to ensure the integrity of data transmission.

[0085] : The result after shifting the original data block to the left, which prepares for the subsequent CRC calculation.

[0086] : The generating polynomial, which is a specific polynomial expression used to calculate the CRC check code. Different systems may use different generating polynomials, and it is an important basis to ensure the correctness of data transmission.

[0087] : CRC check code, obtained by taking the remainder of $D'$ divided by and appended to the data block for transmission together. At the receiving end, the check code is calculated using the same method and compared with the received check code to determine whether the data transmission is correct.

[0088] Data preprocessing formula:

[0089] In the formula, : The data output value at the -th moment after mean filtering, which is the result of filtering the original data to remove noise interference and make the data smoother.

[0090] : The length of the mean filtering window, which determines the number of data points participating in the average calculation. A larger can better smooth the data but will reduce the real-time performance of the data. An appropriate value needs to be selected according to the actual situation.

[0091] : The original data collected at the -th moment, which is the unprocessed data and may contain noise and interference.

[0092] : The index variable used to traverse the data points within the mean filtering window, ranging from 0 to , representing the range of adjacent data points participating in the average calculation.

[0093] S3, Control and Parameter Setting Module

[0094] This module is responsible for controlling the operating parameters of the impact simulation device, such as impact speed, impact mass, and impact angle. At the same time, it verifies and manages the input parameters to ensure the safety and accuracy of the detection process.

[0095] Impact simulation device control formula (hydraulic system part):

[0096] Formula explanation: This formula is simplified based on Bernoulli's equation and the flow continuity equation and is used to calculate the pressure in the hydraulic system. By adjusting the pressure, the speed and force of the impact head can be controlled.

[0097] In the formula, : The pressure in the hydraulic system, which is the key parameter controlling the movement of the impact head and directly affects the speed and force of the impact.

[0098] : The density of hydraulic oil is a physical property of hydraulic oil. Different hydraulic oils have different densities, which can affect the performance of the hydraulic system.

[0099] : The acceleration due to gravity, which is a constant, approximately , is used when calculating the pressure generated by the height of the hydraulic oil.

[0100] : The height of the hydraulic oil column is related to factors such as the position of the pressure regulating valve in the hydraulic system and the liquid level of the hydraulic oil, and can affect the pressure of the hydraulic system.

[0101] : The flow rate of the hydraulic oil in the pipeline, the magnitude of which is related to the moving speed of the impact head. The speed of the impact head can be controlled by adjusting the flow rate.

[0102] Impact simulation device control formula (servo system part):

[0103] In the formula, : The impact angle of the impact head determines the angle at which the impact simulation device impacts the PVC guardrail. Different impact angles can simulate different collision scenarios.

[0104] : The transmission ratio coefficient is the proportional relationship between the rotation angle of the motor and the impact angle of the impact head in the servo system, and depends on the mechanical transmission structure of the servo system.

[0105] : The rotation angle of the motor is adjusted by the control system and affects the impact angle of the impact head through the transmission ratio coefficient .

[0106] Parameter setting formula (parameter range limitation):

[0107] For the impact speed :

[0108] For the impact mass :

[0109] For the impact angle :

[0110] In the formula, : The impact speed of the impact simulation device is an important detection parameter, which can be set according to different detection requirements to simulate impact situations at different speeds.

[0111] : The minimum impact speed allowed to be set, which ensures that the impact simulation device does not impact at too low a speed and guarantees the effectiveness of the test.

[0112] : The maximum impact speed allowed to be set, which ensures that the impact simulation device does not exceed the safety or performance limits of the equipment.

[0113] : The impact mass of the impact simulation device, which can be adjusted by replacing weights, etc., and is used to simulate impact objects of different masses.

[0114] : The minimum impact mass allowed to be set, which avoids meaningless test results caused by too low an impact mass.

[0115] : The maximum impact mass allowed to be set, which prevents damage to the equipment or exceeding the detection range due to too large an impact mass.

[0116] : The impact angle of the impact simulation device, which can be adjusted within a certain range to simulate impacts at different angles.

[0117] : The minimum impact angle allowed to be set, which ensures that the impact angle is within a reasonable range.

[0118] : The maximum impact angle allowed to be set, which ensures that the impact angle is within a reasonable range.

[0119] S4. Data Analysis and Evaluation Module

[0120] This module deeply analyzes the collected data to evaluate the anti-collision performance of the PVC guardrail, including stress analysis of strain data, peak value and impulse analysis of impact force data, and precise analysis of deformation and displacement data, and finally comprehensively evaluates the anti-collision performance of the guardrail.

[0121] Strain data analysis formula (finite element analysis):

[0122] In the formula, : The stress vector within the element, which contains the stress values suffered by the element in different directions and is an important physical quantity for analyzing the structural strength of the guardrail.

[0123] : The elasticity matrix, which is related to the elastic properties of the material, reflects the elastic performance of the material in different directions, and its elements are determined according to parameters such as the elastic modulus and Poisson's ratio of the material.

[0124] : Geometric matrix, which is related to the geometry and size of the element and takes into account the influence of the geometric characteristics of the element on its mechanical properties.

[0125] : Nodal displacement vector, which describes the displacements of the element nodes in different directions. By solving this vector, the deformation of the structure can be obtained.

[0126] Impact force data analysis formula (peak detection and impulse calculation):

[0127] Peak detection: Determine the peak of the impact force by comparing the magnitudes of adjacent data points , that is, when and , may be the peak.

[0128] Impulse calculation:

[0129] In the formula, : The peak of the impact force, which represents the maximum value of the impact force during the impact process and is an important indicator for evaluating the bearing capacity of the guardrail.

[0130] : The impulse of the impact force, which reflects the cumulative effect of the impact force over a period of time and is obtained by integrating the impact force with respect to time. It is an important parameter for evaluating the energy absorption of the guardrail.

[0131] : The impact force value at the th sampling moment, which is discrete impact force measurement data.

[0132] : Sampling time interval, which is the time difference between two adjacent sampling moments and determines the time resolution of the data.

[0133] : Total number of sampling points of the impact force data, which reflects the duration and frequency of data acquisition.

[0134] Deformation and displacement data analysis formula (based on CNN model):

[0135] In the formula, : The output result of the CNN model, which can represent the recognition result or calculation result of deformation and displacement feature points, depending on the specific model structure and task.

[0136] : Weight matrix, which is the learning parameter included in the CNN model and is continuously adjusted during the training process for weighted processing of the input image features.

[0137] : The feature vector obtained after operations such as convolution and pooling by the CNN model extracts the key feature information in the input image and is used for subsequent calculations and judgments.

[0138] : The image data input into the CNN model, that is, the image containing the guardrail impact process captured by the high-speed camera, is the original data for deformation and displacement analysis.

[0139] : The bias vector, which is part of the CNN model, is used to adjust the output result of the model and enhance the fitting ability of the model.

[0140] Anti-collision performance evaluation formula (energy absorption calculation):

[0141] In the formula, : The energy absorption capacity of the guardrail, which is a key indicator for evaluating the anti-collision performance of the guardrail, reflects the amount of energy absorbed by the guardrail during the impact. The greater the energy absorption capacity, the better the anti-collision performance of the guardrail.

[0142] : The displacement of the guardrail, which is the change in the position of the guardrail during the impact and is a time-related variable.

[0143] : The maximum displacement of the guardrail during the impact, which is the limit value of the displacement and indicates the position of the guardrail when it is deformed to the maximum extent.

[0144] : The impact force corresponding to the displacement at that time describes the relationship between the impact force and the displacement, and the energy absorption capacity can be obtained by integrating it.

[0145] S5. Data storage and report generation module

[0146] This module is responsible for storing the detection data in a suitable storage system and generating a detection report based on the stored data for convenient subsequent query and analysis.

[0147] Data storage formula (taking a relational database as an example):

[0148] The strain data table structure can be designed as

[0149] In the formula, : The unique identifier of each data record, which is used to distinguish different measurement data and ensure the uniqueness and traceability of the data.

[0150] : Measurement time, which records the specific moment of data acquisition and helps analyze the time-series characteristics of the data.

[0151] : The x-coordinate of the installation position of the strain gauge on the guardrail, used to determine the horizontal information of the measurement position.

[0152] : The y-coordinate of the installation position of the strain gauge on the guardrail, used to determine the vertical information of the measurement position.

[0153] : The strain value measured at the corresponding position and time, which is the actual measured strain data.

[0154] Report generation: When using the template engine, the variables involved are filled into the report template as placeholders, and finally a complete report is generated. The generated report contains detailed information, data, and evaluation results of the detection.

[0155] II. A Detection Method for the Anti-Collision Performance Detection System Based on PVC Guardrails

[0156] S1. Preparation before Detection

[0157] S1-1. Equipment Installation and Debugging

[0158] According to the system requirements, firmly paste the high-precision strain gauges at the joints of the columns and crossbars of the PVC guardrail, the middle of the crossbars, and other stress-sensitive areas, ensuring that the strain gauges are closely attached to the guardrail surface to accurately sense strain changes.

[0159] Precisely install a special high-speed and high-precision pressure sensor at the part where the impact head contacts the guardrail, ensuring that the sensing surface of the sensor perfectly fits the contact point to accurately measure the impact force.

[0160] Install a high-speed camera, adjust its position and angle to ensure that the impact area of the guardrail can be fully covered without visual blind spots. Calibrate the high-speed camera and set the frame rate to above 2000fps and the resolution to 4K level to ensure that the captured images are clear and stable.

[0161] Check the hydraulic drive system and servo control system of the impact simulation device to ensure its normal operation. Lubricate and debug each component to ensure that the impact head can impact at the predetermined speed, mass, and angle.

[0162] S1-2. Parameter Setting and Verification

[0163] Through the multi-functional parameter setting interface of the control system, according to the detection requirements, accurately set the impact speed of the impact simulation device (which can be set within the range of 30 km / h to 120 km / h), the impact mass (adjustable between 1 ton and 5 tons), and the impact angle (set within the range of ±30 degrees).

[0164] The system automatically performs a rationality check on the input parameters, checking whether the impact speed is within the specified range, whether the impact mass meets the requirements, and whether the impact angle is reasonable. If the parameter settings are incorrect, the system promptly prompts the tester to make corrections to ensure the accuracy and safety of the detection parameters.

[0165] S1-3. Data Storage and Transmission Settings

[0166] Start the data storage system to ensure the normal operation of the relational database and the distributed file system. Set the data storage path and format to store various data generated during the detection process.

[0167] Check the data transmission lines and network connections to ensure that the data collected by the strain gauges, pressure sensors, and high-speed cameras can be transmitted to the control system in real time and accurately. Test the verification mechanism during the data transmission process to ensure the integrity of the data transmission.

[0168] S2. Impact Detection Process

[0169] S2-1. Start the Detection Process

[0170] After the tester confirms that all preparatory work is completed, start the detection process through the control system. The control system sends instructions to the impact simulation device, and the hydraulic drive system starts to work, pushing the impact head to accelerate.

[0171] The servo control system accurately controls the movement trajectory and impact angle of the impact head so that after reaching the predetermined speed, it impacts the PVC guardrail at the set angle and mass.

[0172] S2-2. Data Synchronous Acquisition

[0173] At the moment of impact, the strain gauge begins to sense the strain change of the guardrail, converts it into a resistance change, and then converts it into a voltage signal through the Wheatstone bridge principle, and transmits it to the control system through the data acquisition line.

[0174] The pressure sensor measures the impact force during the impact in real time, converts it into an electrical signal, and after amplification and A / D conversion, transmits it to the control system.

[0175] The high-speed camera continuously shoots the impact process of the guardrail at a frame rate of more than 2000 fps, and transmits the captured video data to the control system in real time through the high-speed data transmission interface.

[0176] S2-3, Real-time Data Monitoring and Preliminary Processing

[0177] The real-time data monitoring interface of the control system displays the strain data curve, impact force data curve, and the video footage captured by the high-speed camera in real time. The inspectors can observe the changes in various data during the detection process in real time to determine whether the detection is proceeding normally.

[0178] The control system conducts preliminary preprocessing on the collected strain data and impact force data. The mean filter algorithm (formula ) is used to remove noise interference and ensure the accuracy of the data. At the same time, preliminary image analysis is performed on the video data transmitted by the high-speed camera to extract key deformation and displacement information.

[0179] S3, Data Analysis and Processing

[0180] S3-1, Strain Data Analysis

[0181] The preprocessed strain data is deeply analyzed using a finite element analysis model. The strain data is input into the finite element analysis software, and according to the formula , the stress distribution of each part of the PVC guardrail is calculated. By analyzing the stress distribution, the structural strength and deformation ability of the guardrail during the impact are evaluated.

[0182] Relevant parameters such as strain energy are calculated to further understand the energy change situation of the guardrail during the force application process, providing more basis for evaluating the anti-collision performance.

[0183] S3-2, Impact Force Data Analysis

[0184] The peak value of the impact force is accurately identified from the impact force data through the peak detection algorithm . The impulse of the impact force is calculated using the integral algorithm (formula ) to analyze the cumulative effect of the impact force over time .

[0185] A detailed analysis is conducted on the curve of the impact force changing with time to understand the changing law of the impact force during the impact process and judge the impact load conditions borne by the guardrail at different stages.

[0186] S3-3, Deformation and Displacement Data Analysis

[0187] The video data captured by the high-speed camera is analyzed using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model of deep learning. Through the formula , the feature points on the guardrail are identified, and the deformation and displacement amounts of each part of the guardrail are accurately calculated.

[0188] Draw the deformation and displacement trajectory diagrams of the guardrail to visually display the overall structural response of the guardrail during the impact process and provide intuitive data support for evaluating the anti-collision performance.

[0189] S4. Anti-collision performance evaluation

[0190] S4-1. Calculation of comprehensive evaluation indicators

[0191] According to the analysis results of data such as strain, impact force, deformation, and displacement, calculate the energy absorption capacity of the PVC guardrail , through the formula , comprehensively considering the influence of impact force and displacement on energy absorption.

[0192] Calculate other relevant evaluation indicators, such as structural stability indicators, deformation recovery ability indicators, etc., to comprehensively evaluate the anti-collision performance of the guardrail from multiple perspectives.

[0193] S4-2. Comparison and determination with standards

[0194] Compare the calculated evaluation indicators with the pre-set anti-collision performance standards for PVC guardrails. Judge whether the energy absorption capacity meets the standard requirements, whether the stress is within the allowable stress range of the material, whether the deformation and displacement are within the allowable limits, etc.

[0195] According to the comparison results, draw a conclusion on whether the anti-collision performance of the PVC guardrail is qualified. If all indicators of the guardrail meet the standard requirements, it is determined that its anti-collision performance is qualified; otherwise, it is determined as unqualified.

[0196] S5. Detection report generation and storage

[0197] S5-1. Report generation

[0198] The control system automatically generates a detailed detection report based on the stored data and analysis results. The report adopts a standardized format, including basic detection information (such as detection time, detection location, detection personnel, etc.), the specification model and installation method of the PVC guardrail, various detection data and analysis results (detailed charts and analysis conclusions of strain data, impact force data, deformation and displacement data), the evaluation conclusion of the anti-collision performance of the PVC guardrail, and suggestions, etc.

[0199] Using template engine technology (such as Jinja2), fill the data and analysis results into the report template to generate the final detection report document.

[0200] S5-2. Data storage and backup

[0201] Store the inspection report in a relational database, and at the same time store the original inspection data (including strain data, impact force data, video data captured by a high-speed camera, etc.) in a distributed file system. Classify and store the data to facilitate subsequent querying and management.

[0202] Regularly back up the data, and back up the important data to an external storage device or a cloud storage platform to ensure the security and reliability of the data and prevent data loss.

[0203] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system, characterized in that: It includes the following modules: S1. Data acquisition module: This module is mainly responsible for collecting data, and converting physical quantities into measurable and analyzable electrical signals and image information through different sensors and devices; S2. Data transmission and preprocessing module: CRC check is used to ensure the accuracy of data transmission, and the mean filtering algorithm is used to preprocess the collected data to remove noise interference; S3. Control and parameter setting module: With the help of hydraulic and servo control systems, the speed, mass and angle of the impact simulation device are accurately regulated according to physical formulas; S4. Data analysis and evaluation module: Deeply analyze the collected data, including stress analysis of strain data, peak value and impulse analysis of impact force data, and analysis of deformation and displacement data, Strain data analysis formula: {σ} = [D][B]{u}, where {σ}: stress vector within the element, [D]: elastic matrix, [B]: geometric matrix, {u}: nodal displacement vector, Impact force data analysis formula: Peak detection: Determine the peak value F of the impact force by comparing the magnitudes of adjacent data points peak , that is, when F(n) > F(n - 1) and F(n) > F(n + 1), F(n) may be the peak value Impulse calculation: where F peak : the peak value of the impact force, I: the impulse of the impact force, F(n): the impact force value at the nth sampling moment, which is discrete impact force measurement data, Δt: the sampling time interval, N: the total number of sampling points of the impact force data Deformation and displacement data analysis formula: y = Wf(x) + b where y: output result of the CNN model, W: weight matrix, f(x): feature vector obtained after convolution and pooling operations of the CNN model, x: image data input to the CNN model, b: bias vector, Anti-collision performance evaluation formula: Where, E: energy absorption capacity of the guardrail, s: displacement of the guardrail, s max : maximum displacement of the guardrail during impact, F(s): impact force corresponding to displacement s; S5. Data storage and report generation module: Use a relational database and a distributed file system to store data, and automatically generate a detection report through a template engine.

2. The anti-collision performance detection system for a PVC guardrail according to claim 1, wherein: The key data collected by the data acquisition module includes strain data, impact force data, and deformation and displacement data.

3. The PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The strain data acquisition formula: Where, V out : Output voltage of the Wheatstone bridge, V in : Input voltage of the Wheatstone bridge, : Resistance change rate of the strain gauge, K: Sensitivity coefficient of the strain gauge, ò: Strain, which is a physical quantity describing the degree of deformation of an object under force.

4. The PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The impact force data acquisition formula: V = kF + b where V: voltage output by the pressure sensor, k: sensitivity coefficient of the pressure sensor, F: impact force, i.e., the force exerted when the impact simulation device impacts the PVC guardrail, b: offset of the pressure sensor.

5. The PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The deformation and displacement data acquisition formula: In a two-dimensional plane, for feature points: Δx = x2 - x1 Δy = y2 - y1 where Δx: displacement of the feature point in the horizontal direction, x1: horizontal coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment, x2: horizontal coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment, Δy: displacement of the feature point in the vertical direction, y1: vertical coordinate of the feature point at the initial moment, y2: vertical coordinate of the feature point at a certain moment.

6. The PVC guardrail anti-collision performance detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact simulation device control formula of the control and parameter setting module: Wherein, P: the pressure in the hydraulic system, ρ: the density of the hydraulic oil, g: the acceleration due to gravity, h: the height of the hydraulic oil column, v oil : the flow velocity of the hydraulic oil in the pipeline; The impact simulation device control formula of the servo system: θ = k α ·α where θ is the impact angle of the impact head, k α is the transmission ratio coefficient, and α is the rotation angle of the motor Parameter range limitation of the parameter setting formula: For the impact velocity v: v min ≤ v ≤ v max , For the impact mass m: m min ≤ m ≤ m max , For the impact angle θ: θ min ≤ θ ≤ θ max , Wherein, v: the impact velocity of the impact simulation device, v min : the minimum impact velocity that can be set, v max : the maximum impact velocity that can be set, m: the impact mass of the impact simulation device, m min : the minimum impact mass that can be set, m max : the maximum impact mass that can be set, θ: the impact angle of the impact simulation device, θ min : the minimum impact angle that can be set, θ max : the maximum impact angle that can be set.

7. A method for detecting the anti-collision performance of a PVC guardrail, which is applied to the anti-collision performance detection system of a PVC guardrail according to any one of claims 1-6, and is characterized in that: It includes the following steps: S1. Preliminary preparation: Install and debug strain gauges, pressure sensors, high-speed cameras and impact simulation devices, accurately set impact parameters in the control system and check, and at the same time configure data storage and transmission settings; S2. Implement detection: Start the process, the impact simulation device impacts the guardrail according to the set parameters. During this period, the strain gauges, pressure sensors, and high-speed cameras synchronously collect data and transmit it to the control system for real-time monitoring and preliminary processing; S3. Data analysis: Use finite element analysis to obtain stress distribution and strain energy from strain data, analyze impact force data through peak detection and integration algorithms, and calculate the deformation and displacement of the guardrail using a CNN model; S4. Performance evaluation: Calculate the energy absorption index based on the analysis results, compare it with the standard, and determine whether the anti-collision performance of the guardrail is qualified; S5. Report generation and storage: The system automatically generates a detection report covering all key information, classifies and stores the report and the original data, and backs them up regularly.

8. A method for detecting the anti-collision performance of a PVC guardrail according to claim 7, characterized in that: The data preprocessing formula is as follows: In the formula, y(n): The data output value at the nth moment after mean filtering processing, N: The length of the mean filtering window, x(n): The original data collected at the nth moment, i: The index variable used to traverse the data points within the mean filtering window, ranging from 0 to N - 1.

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