Karst collapse simulation experiment device with multi-factor mechanism

Abstract

The application provides a karst collapse simulation experiment device with a multi-factor mechanism, belonging to the field of karst collapse simulation experiments, comprising a test box, a karst foundation, a karst cave, a groundwater circulation unit, a pressure measurement unit, two position adjustment assemblies and two water spraying assemblies, the test box is filled with the karst foundation with the karst cave to simulate a construction site, the groundwater circulation unit simultaneously pumps and discharges water to simulate the groundwater circulation of the karst cave, then only pumps water to simulate the pumping of groundwater at the construction site, the two water spraying assemblies spray water into the test box to simulate natural rainfall, the two position adjustment assemblies move in the test box to form pressure test spaces at respective positions in the test box, then the two water spraying assemblies spray water into the pressure test spaces until the sprayed water presses the karst foundation in the pressure test spaces to collapse, the pressure measurement unit measures the pressure value when the karst foundation collapses, and thus the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment of the karst foundation in the pressure test spaces is performed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of karst collapse simulation experiment, in particular to a karst collapse simulation experiment device with multi-factor action mechanism. BACKGROUND

[0002] For the study of karst collapse law, it is necessary to start from the factors affecting the collapse. There are many factors affecting karst collapse, and karst in each region is the result of the combination of unique stratum lithology, geological structure, geomorphic evolution history, climate, hydrology, etc. Among them, the hydrological network is one of the important factors causing karst collapse.

[0003] In the actual study of karst collapse law, it is difficult to directly study karst collapse on site due to the influence of uncontrollable weather, environment and other factors, so the existing research on karst collapse is usually carried out in a simulated experiment.

[0004] The Chinese invention patent with publication number "CN117388466A" discloses "an experimental device for simulating the formation and evolution of karst ground collapse". The invention forms a rock mass in the lower part of the simulation box by filling material, forms a soil layer in the upper part of the simulation box by filling soil, and sets a plurality of irregularly shaped salt cavities in the rock mass. The left and right ends of the simulation box are respectively provided with water flow control devices, which are used to form a water-bearing layer in the soil layer and simulate the flow of underground water. A rainfall simulation device is provided above the simulation box, and a data collection device is provided above and on the outer wall of the simulation box. The data collection device is used to collect displacement information, collapse process, stress change and three-dimensional terrain data. Finally, the computer analyzes the law of formation and evolution of karst ground collapse according to the collected data information. However, when construction is needed on karst geology, it is necessary to know the ultimate bearing capacity of each position of the karst foundation, so as to select the karst foundation with high ultimate bearing capacity for construction work on site. However, the invention can only simulate the entire karst surface at the same time during the experiment.

[0005] Therefore, the deficiency is that in the karst collapse simulation experiment, the invention cannot measure the ultimate bearing capacity of each position respectively. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present application is to provide a karst collapse simulation experiment device with multi-factor action mechanism, which solves the problem that the prior art cannot measure the ultimate bearing capacity of each position respectively.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose and other related purposes, the present application provides a karst collapse simulation experiment device with multi-factor action mechanism, which comprises:

[0008] The test box, the karst foundation, and the cave, wherein the karst foundation is located in the test box, and the cave is located in the karst foundation and penetrates the side walls on both sides of the karst foundation along the length direction of the karst foundation;

[0009] The groundwater circulation unit comprises a first water pump and a second water pump, wherein the water outlet of the first water pump is communicated with one end of the cave, and the water inlet of the second water pump is communicated with the other end of the cave;

[0010] The limit bearing capacity simulation unit is installed on the test box, and comprises two position adjusting assemblies and two water spraying assemblies, wherein the two position adjusting assemblies are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the test box, and each of the two position adjusting assemblies is movable along the length direction of the test box in the test box, the two water spraying assemblies are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the test box, a pressure test space is formed between the two position adjusting assemblies, each of the position adjusting assemblies is fixedly connected with a water spraying assembly, and the water spraying assembly injects water into the pressure test space between the two position adjusting assemblies.

[0011] The pressure measuring unit is installed on the karst foundation, and the pressure measuring unit monitors the pressure of the karst foundation in the pressure test space.

[0012] As an optional solution, each of the position adjusting assemblies comprises a push plate, a first telescopic power source, an air bag, an air pump, a first connecting pipe, and a second connecting pipe.

[0013] The push plate is located in the test box and above the karst foundation, the push plate is movable along the length direction of the test box, and the air bag is annularly installed around the push plate.

[0014] The extending end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the push plate, the fixed end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the test box, and the push plate is movable along the length direction of the test box under the action of the first telescopic power source.

[0015] The air pump is fixedly connected to the test box, one end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the gas outlet of the air pump, the other end of the first connecting pipe is communicated with the air bag after penetrating the test box, one end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the air inlet of the air pump, and the other end of the second connecting pipe is communicated with the air bag after penetrating the test box.

[0016] When the air bags of the two position adjusting assemblies are inflated, the pressure test space can be sealed.

[0017] As an optional solution, each of the water spraying assemblies comprises a water tank, a third water pump, a water outlet hose, a spray head, and a three-way joint.

[0018] The water tank is fixed on the test box, the third water pump is located in the water tank, the water suction end of the third water pump extends into the water tank and communicates with the water tank, the water delivery end of the third water pump communicates with one end of the water outlet hose, the water outlet hose extends into the space between the two push plates in sequence after passing through the test box and the push plate, the water outlet hose is fixedly connected at the joint with the push plate, and the other end of the water outlet hose is fixedly connected with the spray head;

[0019] The three-way joint is fixed on the water outlet hose, and the three-way joint is located in the test box and between the third water pump and the push plate.

[0020] As an optional solution, the device further comprises two second telescopic power sources and two push blocks;

[0021] The two push blocks are located in the pressure test space, and a guide inclined surface is formed on each push block, the push block can move in the width direction of the test box, and the guide inclined surface is in contact with the spray head to push the spray head to rotate the water spraying direction;

[0022] The extending end of the second telescopic power source is fixed on each push block, the fixed end of the second telescopic power source is fixed on the push plate, and the guide inclined surface on the push block pushes the spray head under the action of the second telescopic power source to change the water spraying direction of the spray head.

[0023] As an optional solution, the device further comprises two third telescopic power sources and two baffles;

[0024] First openings are formed in the side walls on both sides of the test box in the length direction, the two first openings are located on the upper parts of the two water tanks, and the two first openings respectively communicate with the water tanks on both sides of the test box in the length direction, and the lower end surface of the first opening is flush with the upper end surface of the karst foundation;

[0025] Baffles are arranged on both sides of the test box in the length direction, and each baffle can open or close the first opening on the corresponding side of the test box;

[0026] The extending end of the third telescopic power source is fixed on each baffle, and the fixed end of the third telescopic power source is fixed on the test box, and the baffle opens or closes the first opening under the action of the third telescopic power source.

[0027] As an optional solution, the first water pump is located in the water tank on one side of the test box, the water suction end of the first water pump extends into the corresponding water tank, and the water delivery end of the first water pump penetrates through the side wall of the corresponding water tank and the test box and communicates with one end of the karst cave;

[0028] The second water pump is located in the water tank on the other side of the test box, the water pumping end of the second water pump penetrates the side wall of the corresponding water tank and the test box and then communicates with the other end of the karst cave, and the water conveying end of the second water pump extends into the corresponding water tank.

[0029] As an option, the pressure measuring unit comprises a plurality of pressure sensors, and the plurality of pressure sensors are located above the karst foundation.

[0030] As an option, the device further comprises a plurality of visual sensors.

[0031] The upper end surface of the test box is provided with a plurality of transparent windows, the plurality of transparent windows are linearly arrayed along the length direction of the test box, one visual sensor is installed on each transparent window, and the visual sensor collects image data in the test box.

[0032] As an option, the device further comprises a fourth telescopic power source.

[0033] The test box is rotationally arranged relative to the ground along the width direction of the test box.

[0034] The fourth telescopic power source is installed on the ground, the extension end of the fourth telescopic power source is hingedly connected with one of the water tanks, the hinging axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the test box, and the test box rotates along the width direction of the test box under the action of the fourth telescopic power source.

[0035] As described above, the karst collapse simulation experiment device with a multi-factor mechanism has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0036] 1、The push plate forms a pressure test space above the karst foundation at a specified position, the gas bag is inflated to close the pressure test space, the spray head sprays water in the pressure test space, the water continuously increases the pressure on the karst foundation to simulate the ultimate bearing capacity of the karst foundation, after the ultimate bearing capacity simulation experiment at this position is completed, the next position can be selected to repeat the test, the push plate and the gas bag can also form an end test space above the karst foundation at the end position, the third joint of the tee joint sprays water in the end test space, the water continuously increases the pressure on the karst foundation to simulate the ultimate bearing capacity of the karst foundation at the end position, so that the ultimate bearing capacity simulation experiment of each position of the karst foundation can be realized, and the karst foundation with high ultimate bearing capacity can be selected for construction operation on site.

[0037] 2、The karst collapse simulation test of the karst foundation can be realized by the multi-factor action mechanism, the test box can simulate the influence of the underground water circulation of the karst cave on the karst foundation collapse under the natural condition, the ground water circulation and the underground water circulation can be carried out independently or simultaneously, and the karst foundation with the slope in the actual terrain can be simulated.

[0038] 3、The test box of the karst collapse simulation test of the karst foundation can rotate along the width direction of the test box under the action of the fourth telescopic power source, so that the karst collapse simulation experiment of the karst foundation with different slopes can be realized, the karst foundation with the slope in the actual terrain can be simulated, and the structure design is ingenious.

[0039] 4、The push block of the karst collapse simulation test of the karst foundation can continuously push the nozzle to change the rotating direction of the nozzle under the back and forth telescopic action of the second telescopic power source when the nozzle simulates rainfall, so that the nozzle can be sprayed on the karst foundation in the test box from different angles, and each position of the karst foundation can be sprayed by water when simulating rainfall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 The figure shows the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0041] Figure 2 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the test box inside the present application;

[0042] Figure 3 The figure shows the partial sectional view of the karst foundation related to the present application;

[0043] Figure 4 The figure shows the explosion diagram between the test box and the cover plate of the present application;

[0044] Figure 5 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the water spraying assembly related to the present application;

[0045] Figure 6 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the third telescopic power source and the baffle related to the present application;

[0046] Figure 7 The figure shows the structure schematic diagram of the rotating column and the supporting column related to the present application.

[0047] In the figure: 101, test box; 102, karst foundation; 103, karst cave; 104, cover plate; 105, second opening;

[0048] 201, first water pump; 202, second water pump;

[0049] 301, push plate; 302, first telescopic power source; 303, air bag; 304, air pump; 305, first connecting pipe; 306, second connecting pipe;

[0050] 401, water tank; 402, third water pump; 403, water outlet hose; 404, spray head; 405, three-way joint;

[0051] 501, second telescopic power source; 502, push block; 503, guide inclined surface;

[0052] 601, third telescopic power source; 602, baffle; 603, first opening;

[0053] 701, pressure sensor;

[0054] 801, visual sensor; 802, transparent window;

[0055] 901, fourth telescopic power source; 902, rotating column; 903, supporting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail by specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present application can be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the specification.

[0057] Please refer to Figures 1 to 7 It should be understood that the structures, proportions, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of the specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the defined conditions that the present application can be implemented, so they do not have technical significance. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects and purposes that the present application can produce, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the present application. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" in the specification are only for the convenience of clear description, and are not used to limit the scope of the present application, and the change or adjustment of the relative relationship, without substantially changing the technical content, is also considered as the implementation of the present application.

[0058] The following embodiments are only for illustration. The various embodiments can be combined, which are not limited to the content shown in the following single embodiment.

[0059] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 The present application provides a karst collapse simulation experiment device with a multi-factor action mechanism, which comprises:

[0060] A test box 101, a karst foundation 102 located in the test box 101, a second opening 105 formed in an upper end surface of the test box 101, a cover plate 104 capable of opening or closing the second opening 105, and a karst cave 103 located in the karst foundation 102 and penetrating through side walls of the karst foundation 102 on both sides in a length direction of the karst foundation 102.

[0061] A groundwater circulation unit including a first water pump 201 and a second water pump 202, wherein a water outlet of the first water pump 201 is communicated with one end of the karst cave 103, and a water inlet of the second water pump 202 is communicated with the other end of the karst cave 103.

[0062] A limit bearing capacity simulation unit installed on the test box 101, wherein the limit bearing capacity simulation unit includes two position adjustment assemblies and two water spraying assemblies, the two position adjustment assemblies are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the test box 101, and the two position adjustment assemblies are both movable in the test box 101 along the length direction of the test box 101, the two water spraying assemblies are oppositely arranged along the length direction of the test box 101, a pressure test space is formed between the two position adjustment assemblies, one water spraying assembly is fixed on each of the position adjustment assemblies, and the water spraying assemblies inject water into the pressure test space between the two position adjustment assemblies.

[0063] A pressure measurement unit installed on the karst foundation 102, wherein the pressure measurement unit monitors the pressure of the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space.

[0064] In this embodiment, the karst foundation 102 with the karst cave 103 is filled in the test box 101 to simulate a construction site, the first water pump 201 injects water into the karst cave 103, the second water pump 202 pumps water from the karst cave 103 to simulate the groundwater circulation of the karst cave 103, then the first water pump 201 stops injecting water into the karst cave 103, and the second water pump 202 continues to pump water from the karst cave 103 to simulate the extraction of groundwater at the construction site, the two position adjustment assemblies are moved in the test box 101 to form a pressure test space in the test box 101, then the two water spraying assemblies inject water into the pressure test space, until the injected water collapses the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space, thereby performing a limit bearing capacity simulation experiment on the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space.

[0065] The karst collapse simulation test device can not only simulate the influence of the groundwater circulation of the karst cave 103 under natural conditions on the collapse of the karst foundation 102, but also simulate the influence of the collapse of the karst foundation 102 when the groundwater is pumped at a construction site, and can also spray water on a pressure test space above a specified part of the karst foundation 102 to simulate the ultimate bearing capacity of the karst foundation 102 by the continuously increasing pressure of the water on the karst foundation 102, so that the simulation test of the ultimate bearing capacity of each position of the karst foundation 102 can be realized, and the karst collapse simulation test of the karst foundation 102 under the action of multiple factors can be realized.

[0066] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 Each of the position adjusting assemblies comprises a push plate 301, a first telescopic power source 302, an air bag 303, an air pump 304, a first connecting pipe 305 and a second connecting pipe 306.

[0067] The first telescopic power source 302 is not limited here, and its function is to provide telescopic power, which can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric telescopic rod.

[0068] The push plate 301 is located in the test box 101 and above the karst foundation 102, and the push plate 301 can move along the length direction of the test box 101, and the air bag 303 is installed around the four sides of the push plate 301.

[0069] The extending end of the first telescopic power source 302 is fixed to the push plate 301, and the fixed end of the first telescopic power source 302 is fixed to the test box 101, and the push plate 301 moves along the length direction of the test box 101 under the action of the first telescopic power source 302.

[0070] The air pump 304 is fixed to the test box 101, one end of the first connecting pipe 305 is in communication with the gas delivery end of the air pump 304, the other end of the first connecting pipe 305 penetrates through the test box 101 and is in communication with the air bag 303, one end of the second connecting pipe 306 is in communication with the air suction end of the air pump 304, and the other end of the second connecting pipe 306 penetrates through the test box 101 and is in communication with the air bag 303.

[0071] When the air bags 303 of the two position adjusting assemblies are inflated, the pressure test space can be sealed.

[0072] In the embodiment, when the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment is performed on the designated position of the karst foundation 102, the two push plates 301 form a pressure test space after the two push plates 301 are pushed to the designated position by the first telescopic power sources 302 on both sides, and then the air bags 303 on both sides are inflated under the action of the air pumps 304 on both sides, so that the air bags 303 are respectively sealed with the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102, the side walls on both sides inside the test box 101 in the width direction, and the upper end surface inside the test box 101, thereby sealing the pressure test space for subsequent operation.

[0073] The air bags 303 on both sides of the application are in communication with each other inside the test box 101 when not inflated, and after inflation, the test box 101 is divided into three sealed spaces, thereby sealing the pressure test space between the two air bags 303, facilitating subsequent limit bearing capacity simulation experiments.

[0074] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 , each of the water spraying assemblies comprises a water tank 401, a third water pump 402, a water outlet hose 403, a spray head 404 and a tee joint 405.

[0075] The water tank 401 is fixed to the test box 101, the third water pump 402 is located in the water tank 401, the water suction end of the third water pump 402 extends into the water tank 401 and is in communication with the water tank 401, the water outlet end of the third water pump 402 is in communication with one end of the water outlet hose 403, the water outlet hose 403 extends into the space between the two push plates 301 after sequentially penetrating the test box 101 and the push plates 301, the intersection between the water outlet hose 403 and the push plates 301 is detachably fixedly connected, and the other end of the water outlet hose 403 is fixedly connected with the spray head 404.

[0076] The tee joint 405 is fixed to the water outlet hose 403, the tee joint 405 is located in the test box 101 and between the third water pump 402 and the push plates 301, the first joint and the second joint of the tee joint 405 are in communication with the water outlet hose 403, the third joint of the tee joint 405 is in communication with the test box 101, and the third joint of the tee joint 405 and the spray head 404 can be closed or opened by corresponding caps.

[0077] Here, the closing and opening of the third joint and the spray head 404 are not limited, which can be the above-mentioned opening or closing by the corresponding caps, or can be opening or closing by built-in electromagnetic valves of the third joint and the spray head 404.

[0078] In the embodiment, when the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment is carried out on the pressure test space, the first telescopic power sources 302 on both sides push the two push plates 301 to the specified positions, and then the pressure test space is formed between the two push plates 301, and then the air bags 303 on both sides are inflated under the action of the air pumps 304 on the sides, so as to seal the pressure test space, and then the third water pumps 402 on both sides start pumping water, at this time, the spray heads 404 are in an open state, the cap of the three-way joint 405 closes the third joint of the three-way joint 405, and the third water pumps 402 on both sides pump the water in the corresponding water tanks 401 into the pressure test space through the spray heads 404, until the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space collapses.

[0079] When the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment is carried out on the karst foundation 102 at the end of the length direction of the test box 101, the first telescopic power sources 302 on both sides move the push plates 301 to the specified positions, and then the end test spaces are formed between the push plates 301 and the side walls corresponding to the length direction of the test box 101, respectively, and then the air bags 303 on both sides are inflated under the action of the air pumps 304 on the sides, so as to seal the end test spaces, and then the third water pumps 402 on both sides start pumping water, at this time, the three-way joint 405 is in an open state, the cap of the spray head 404 closes the spray head 404, and the third water pumps 402 on both sides pump the water in the corresponding water tanks 401 into the respective end test spaces through the third joint, until the karst foundation 102 in the end test spaces on both sides collapses.

[0080] The present application can not only carry out limit bearing capacity simulation experiments on various positions of the middle part of the karst foundation 102, but also can carry out limit bearing capacity simulation experiments on the positions at both ends of the karst foundation 102, so that limit bearing capacity simulation experiments can be carried out on various positions of the entire karst foundation 102, which is convenient for selecting the karst foundation 102 with high bearing capacity for construction in the actual construction process, so as to ensure the safety and quality of the construction.

[0081] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 , the device further comprises two second telescopic power sources 501 and two push blocks 502.

[0082] Here, the second telescopic power source 501 is not limited, and its function is to provide telescopic power, which can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, etc.

[0083] The two push blocks 502 are located in the pressure test space, and a guide inclined surface 503 is formed on each push block 502, the push block 502 can move in the width direction of the test box 101, and the guide inclined surface 503 is in contact with the spray head 404 to push the spray head 404 to rotate the water spraying direction.

[0084] A second telescopic power source 501 is fixed on each push block 502, and the fixed end of the second telescopic power source 501 is fixed on the push plate 301; the guide inclined surface 503 on the push block 502 drives the nozzle 404 to change the water spraying direction of the nozzle 404 under the action of the second telescopic power source 501.

[0085] In this embodiment, when simulating rainfall on the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102, first, the two push plates 301 are moved away from each other to the farthest distance by the two first telescopic power sources 302 on the two sides, the air bags 303 on the two sides are respectively pumped by the air pumps 304 on the two sides to ensure that each part of the space in the test box 101 is connected, then the third water pump 402 on the two sides starts pumping, at this time, the cap of the three-way joint 405 closes the third joint of the three-way joint 405, then the nozzle 404 sprays the water pumped by the third water pump 402, and when the nozzle 404 sprays water, the second telescopic power source 501 continuously telescopes back and forth, so that the guide inclined surface 503 on the push block 502 drives the nozzle 404 to change the water spraying direction of the nozzle 404, thereby simulating rainfall.

[0086] The push block 502 of the present application can continuously change the rotation direction of the nozzle 404 when simulating rainfall, so that the nozzle 404 is sprayed from different angles and falls into the karst foundation 102 in the test box 101, so that each position of the karst foundation 102 can be sprayed by water when simulating rainfall, and the structure is designed ingeniously.

[0087] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6 , the device further comprises two third telescopic power sources 601 and two baffles 602;

[0088] Here, the third telescopic power source 601 is not limited, and its function is to provide telescopic power, which can be a pneumatic cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, etc.

[0089] The side walls on the two sides of the test box 101 in the length direction are provided with first openings 603, and the two first openings 603 are located on the upper parts of the two water tanks 401 and are respectively connected with the water tanks 401 on the two sides of the test box 101 in the length direction, and the lower end surface of the first opening 603 is flush with the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102;

[0090] The test box 101 in the length direction is provided with a baffle 602 on each side, and each baffle 602 can open or close the first opening 603 on the corresponding side of the test box 101;

[0091] A third telescopic power source 601 is fixed on each baffle 602, and the fixed end of the third telescopic power source 601 is fixed on the test box 101, and the baffle 602 is opened or closed to the first opening 603 under the action of the third telescopic power source 601.

[0092] In this embodiment, when simulating rainfall on the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102, the baffles 602 on both sides are opened to the first opening 603 under the action of the third telescopic power sources 601 on both sides, at this time, the water sprayed by the spray head 404 is sprayed into the water tank 401, and the water sprayed by the spray head 404 is sprayed on the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102 and then returned to the water tank 401 through the first opening 603, so as to realize the ground water circulation of the karst foundation 102.

[0093] In this embodiment, when simulating rainfall on the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102, the baffles 602 on both sides are opened to the first opening 603 under the action of the third telescopic power sources 601 on both sides, at this time, the water sprayed by the spray head 404 is sprayed into the water tank 401, and the water sprayed by the spray head 404 is sprayed on the upper end surface of the karst foundation 102 and then returned to the water tank 401 through the first opening 603, so as to realize the ground water circulation of the karst foundation 102.

[0094] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 , the first water pump 201 is located in the water tank 401 on one side of the test box 101, the water pumping end of the first water pump 201 extends into the corresponding water tank 401, and the water conveying end of the first water pump 201 penetrates through the side wall of the corresponding water tank 401 and the test box 101 and communicates with one end of the karst cave 103.

[0095] The second water pump 202 is located in the water tank 401 on the other side of the test box 101, the water pumping end of the second water pump 202 penetrates through the side wall of the corresponding water tank 401 and the test box 101 and communicates with the other end of the karst cave 103, and the water conveying end of the second water pump 202 extends into the corresponding water tank 401.

[0096] In this embodiment, when simulating the underground water circulation of the karst cave 103 on the karst foundation 102, the first water pump 201 pumps water from the water tank 401 on one side of the test box 101 into the karst cave 103, and the second water pump 202 pumps water from the karst cave 103 into the water tank 401 on the other side of the test box 101.

[0097] In this embodiment, when simulating the underground water circulation of the karst cave 103 on the karst foundation 102, the first water pump 201 pumps water from the water tank 401 on one side of the test box 101 into the karst cave 103, and the second water pump 202 pumps water from the karst cave 103 into the water tank 401 on the other side of the test box 101.

[0098] Please refer to Figure 3The pressure measuring unit comprises a plurality of pressure sensors 701, and the plurality of pressure sensors 701 are located above the karst foundation 102 and linearly arrayed along the length direction of the karst foundation 102.

[0099] In the embodiment, when the first telescopic power source 302 on the two sides moves the two push plates 301 to the specified positions to form the pressure test space, the first telescopic power source 302 moves the push plate 301 to the karst foundation 102 on which at least one pressure sensor 701 is located in the pressure test space formed between the two push plates 301, and then stops, and then the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment is carried out in the pressure test space, and when the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space collapses, the pressure sensor 701 measures the limit bearing capacity at the time of collapse.

[0100] When each push plate 301 forms an end test space between the respective first telescopic power source 302 and the length direction side wall of the test box 101, each first telescopic power source 302 stops after moving the respective push plate 301 to the karst foundation 102 on which at least one pressure sensor 701 is located in the end test space formed between the respective push plate 301 and the length direction side wall of the test box 101, and then the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment is carried out in the end test space, and when the karst foundation 102 in the end test space collapses, the pressure sensor 701 measures the limit bearing capacity at the time of collapse.

[0101] The pressure sensor 701 of the present application can monitor the limit bearing capacity of karst collapse at each position in real time, which facilitates selection of a position with higher limit bearing capacity of the karst foundation 102 for construction in actual construction, and reduces the incidence of karst foundation 102 collapse accidents in construction.

[0102] Please refer to Figure 4 The device further comprises a plurality of visual sensors 801.

[0103] The cover plate 104 is provided with a plurality of transparent windows 802, and the plurality of transparent windows 802 are linearly arrayed along the length direction of the test box 101, and each transparent window 802 is provided with a visual sensor 801, and the visual sensor 801 collects image data in the test box 101.

[0104] In the embodiment, when the two first telescopic power sources 302 move the two push plates 301 to the designated positions to form the pressure test space, the first telescopic power source 302 moves the push plate 301 to the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space formed between the two push plates 301 at least one pressure sensor 701 on the upper end surface of the pressure test space at least one visual sensor 801, and then stops, and then carries out the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment in the pressure test space, when the karst foundation 102 in the pressure test space collapses, the visual sensor 801 monitors the image data at the time of collapse, and the pressure sensor 701 measures the limit bearing capacity at the time of collapse;

[0105] When each push plate 301 forms an end test space between the respective first telescopic power source 302 and the side wall corresponding to the length direction of the test box 101, each first telescopic power source 302 moves the respective push plate 301 to form an end test space between the respective push plate 301 and the side wall corresponding to the length direction of the test box 101 at least one pressure sensor 701 on the karst foundation 102 in the end test space at least one visual sensor 801 on the upper end surface of the end test space, and then stops, and then carries out the limit bearing capacity simulation experiment in the end test space, when the karst foundation 102 in the end test space collapses, the visual sensor 801 monitors the image data at the time of collapse, and the pressure sensor 701 measures the limit bearing capacity at the time of collapse.

[0106] The visual sensor 801 of the present application can replace manual monitoring of the specific time of collapse of the karst foundation 102 during the experiment, so that the limit bearing capacity measured by the pressure sensor 701 is obtained within this time, so that the present application can not need manual monitoring during the karst collapse simulation experiment, thereby saving manpower.

[0107] Please refer to Figure 7 , the device further comprises a fourth telescopic power source 901, a rotating column 902 and two supporting columns 903;

[0108] Herein, the fourth telescopic power source 901 is not limited, and its function is to provide telescopic power, which can be a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, an electric telescopic rod, etc.

[0109] The test box 101 is arranged to rotate relative to the ground along the width direction of the test box 101;

[0110] The fourth telescopic power source 901 is installed on the ground, the extending end of the fourth telescopic power source 901 is hinged with one of the water tanks 401, and the hinge axis is parallel to the rotating axis of the test tank 101, both of the support columns 903 are installed on the ground, the lower end surface of the other water tank 401 is fixedly connected with the rotating column 902, the rotating column 902 is located between the two support columns 903, the two ends of the rotating column 902 are rotatably extended into the support columns 903, the axial extension line of the rotating column 902 is parallel to the width direction of the test tank 101, and the test tank 101 is rotated along the width direction of the test tank 101 under the action of the fourth telescopic power source 901.

[0111] In the embodiment, when the karst collapse simulation experiment is carried out on the karst foundation 102 with different slopes, the fourth telescopic power source 901 is first telescoped to rotate the test tank 101 to form a specified angle with the ground, and then the subsequent karst collapse simulation experiment is carried out.

[0112] The karst collapse simulation experiment can be carried out on the karst foundation 102 with different slopes by the action of the fourth telescopic power source 901, so that the karst foundation 102 with a slope in the actual terrain can be simulated, and the structure is designed ingeniously.

[0113] The above embodiment only exemplarily illustrates the principle and effect of the present application, and is not used to limit the present application. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above embodiment without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes completed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical thought of the present application should be covered by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors, characterized in that: The device comprises: A test box, a karst foundation, and a karst cave, wherein the karst foundation is located in the test box, and the karst cave is located in the karst foundation and penetrates the side walls on both sides of the karst foundation in the length direction; A groundwater circulation unit, comprising a first water pump and a second water pump, wherein the water outlet of the first water pump is connected to one end of the cave, and the water inlet of the second water pump is connected to the other end of the cave; An ultimate bearing capacity simulation unit, the ultimate bearing capacity simulation unit being mounted on a test chamber, the ultimate bearing capacity simulation unit comprising two position adjustment assemblies and two water spray assemblies, the two position adjustment assemblies being arranged relative to each other along the length direction of the test chamber, and both position adjustment assemblies being movable within the test chamber along the length direction of the test chamber, the two water spray assemblies being arranged relative to each other along the length direction of the test chamber, a pressure test space being formed between the two position adjustment assemblies, a water spray assembly being fixedly connected to each position adjustment assembly, the water spray assembly injecting water into the pressure test space between the two position adjustment assemblies; a pressure measuring unit, the pressure measuring unit being installed on the karst foundation and monitoring the pressure of the karst foundation in the pressure test space; Each of the position adjustment components includes a push plate, a first telescopic power source, an air bag, an air pump, a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe; The push plate is located in the test box and above the karst foundation. The push plate can move along the length direction of the test box. The airbag is installed around the push plate. The extended end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the push plate, and the fixed end of the first telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the test box. The push plate moves along the length direction of the test box under the action of the first telescopic power source. The air pump is fixed to the test box, one end of the first connecting tube is connected to the air supply end of the air pump, the other end of the first connecting tube passes through the test box and is connected to the air bag, one end of the second connecting tube is connected to the air extraction end of the air pump, the other end of the second connecting tube passes through the test box and is connected to the air bag; The air bags of the two position adjustment assemblies can seal the pressure test space when both are inflated.

2. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 1 is characterized by: Each of the water spraying components includes a water tank, a third water pump, a water outlet hose, a spray head and a three-way joint; The water tank is fixedly connected to the test box, the third water pump is located in the water tank, the water pumping end of the third water pump extends into the water tank and is connected to the water tank, the water delivery end of the third water pump is connected to one end of a water outlet hose, the water outlet hose passes through the test box and the push plate in sequence and then extends between the two push plates, the water outlet hose is fixedly connected to the intersection of the push plates, and the other end of the water outlet hose is fixedly connected to a nozzle; The three-way joint is fixedly connected to the water outlet hose. The three-way joint is located in the test box and between the third water pump and the push plate.

3. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 2 is characterized by: The device also includes two second telescopic power sources and two push blocks; The two push blocks are both located in the pressure test space. Each push block is provided with a guide slope. The push block can move along the width direction of the test chamber. The guide slope contacts the nozzle to push the nozzle to rotate the water spraying direction. Each push block is fixedly connected to an extended end of a second telescopic power source, and the fixed end of the second telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the push plate. The guide slope on the push block pushes the nozzle under the action of the second telescopic power source to change the water spraying direction of the nozzle.

4. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 2 is characterized by: The device also includes two third telescopic power sources and two baffles; The side walls on both sides of the test box in the longitudinal direction are each provided with a first opening, the two first openings are both located at the upper parts of the two water tanks and the two first openings are respectively connected to the water tanks located on both sides of the test box in the longitudinal direction, and the lower end surface of the first opening is flush with the upper end surface of the karst foundation; Baffles are provided on both sides of the test box in the length direction, and each baffle can open or close the first opening on the test box on the corresponding side; Each of the baffles is fixedly connected to an extended end of a third telescopic power source, and a fixed end of the third telescopic power source is fixedly connected to the test box. The baffle opens or closes the first opening under the action of the third telescopic power source.

5. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 2 is characterized by: The first water pump is located in a water tank on one side of the test box, the water pumping end of the first water pump extends into the corresponding water tank, and the water delivery end of the first water pump passes through the side wall of the corresponding water tank and the test box and is connected to one end of the cave; The second water pump is located in the water tank on the other side of the test box. The water pumping end of the second water pump passes through the corresponding water tank and the side wall of the test box and is connected to the other end of the cave. The water delivery end of the second water pump extends into the corresponding water tank.

6. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The pressure measurement unit includes a plurality of pressure sensors, which are all located above the cave and are arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the karst foundation.

7. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 1 is characterized by: The device also includes a number of visual sensors; The upper end surface of the test box is provided with a plurality of transparent windows, which are arranged in a linear array along the length direction of the test box. A visual sensor is installed on each transparent window, and the visual sensor collects image data in the test box.

8. The karst collapse simulation experimental device with multiple factors according to claim 2 is characterized by: The device also includes a fourth telescopic power source; The test box is arranged to rotate along the width direction of the test box relative to the ground; the fourth telescopic power source is installed on the ground, the protruding end of the fourth telescopic power source is hinged to one of the water tanks, and the hinge axis is parallel to the rotation axis of the test box. The test box rotates along the width direction of the test box under the action of the fourth telescopic power source.

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