Z-shaped endoscope optical system and imaging method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a Z-shaped endoscope optical system and an imaging method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of minimally invasive medical treatment. The endoscope optical system comprises even number of relay sets, a ridge reflecting surface and two plane reflecting surfaces, Z-shaped turning is carried out on the optical axis of an endoscope through combination of different types and numbers of reflecting surfaces, and the endoscope optical system is made to be composed of an objective lens set, the even number of relay sets and an eyepiece set. According to the endoscope optical system provided by the invention, the number of the relay groups of the Z-type endoscope relay optical system is expanded to an even number, the design of the optical system can be not limited by the odd number of the relay groups and the even number of the relay groups, and the requirements of different working lengths of the endoscope optical system and the positive image of the endoscope can be met. And the degree of freedom of optical system design is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a core optical system of an endoscope, and in particular to a Z-type endoscope optical system that meets the requirements of specific surgical scenarios, and belongs to the technical field of minimally invasive medical treatment. Background Art

[0002] As an important part of minimally invasive surgery, medical endoscopes have been used more and more widely. The optical system of conventional rigid endoscopes is linear. With the continuous advancement and widespread use of minimally invasive surgical techniques, surgeons have developed many surgical procedures for specific surgeries. In gynecological surgery and examinations, since the endoscope and surgical instruments need to enter the body cavity from the same narrow channel at the same time, after the linear endoscope and the linear surgical instruments enter the body cavity from the same channel, interference will occur in the position of holding the surgical instruments and the endoscope camera. In order to avoid this interference, the endoscope or surgical instrument can be designed to be non-linear. For example, the endoscope optical system is designed into a Z-type endoscope through two reflections, so that the front end and the rear end of the endoscope are not in the same straight line. At this time, the front end of the endoscope and the surgical instrument still enter the body cavity through the same channel, and the camera connected to the endoscope at the rear end of the endoscope can be separated from the surgical instrument by a certain distance. The use and development of the Z-type endoscope provides new requirements for the optical design of the Z-type endoscope.

[0003] A conventional Z-type endoscope is composed of an objective lens group, an image transfer system and an eyepiece group, wherein the image transfer system is composed of an odd-number relay group. In order to achieve the purpose of having a sufficient working length of the endoscope, plane reflection surfaces are respectively set at the positions where the optical axis of the Z-type endoscope optical system turns. There are two optical axis turning positions in the system. Therefore, two plane reflection surfaces are set in the conventional Z-type endoscope optical system. The two plane reflection surfaces have no effect on the positive or inverted image formed by the optical system. The objective lens group images the surgical field onto the focal plane of the objective lens group, and the objective lens forms an inverted image. The relay group transmits the image formed by the objective lens to the last image plane of the relay group. The image transfer system composed of the odd-number relay groups forms an inverted image, and the eyepieces form an upright image. Therefore, the objective lens group, the odd-number relay group and the eyepiece group are combined together to form an upright image. For details, see the attached Figure 1 .

[0004] In the optical design of the endoscope, the number of relay groups is not selected at random. According to different working lengths and different endoscope outer diameters, 3, 5, 7, 9, etc. groups may be selected. For example, an otoscope with a shorter outer diameter of 3mm may have only 3 relay groups, and an extended 5mm endoscope with a working length of more than 500mm may have 9 relay groups. For endoscope systems with certain working length requirements, odd-numbered groups may not be the best choice, and even-numbered groups such as 4, 6 or 8 groups may be more suitable for optical design, especially for Z-type endoscopes. Since the optical system needs to turn, it is inevitable to increase the reflective surface, and each additional reflective surface will make the optical system a mirror image or an inverted image. In order to meet the conditions for the endoscope optical system to form a positive image, a unique optical design is required. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a Z-type endoscopic optical system and an imaging method, wherein the endoscopic optical system comprises an even-numbered array of relay groups, a roof reflection surface and two plane reflection surfaces, and through the combination of different types and numbers of reflection surfaces, the endoscope optical axis is turned in a Z shape, so that the entire endoscopic optical system is composed of an objective lens, an even-numbered relay group and an eyepiece, and meets the requirements of different working lengths and endoscopes forming a positive image.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is now described in detail:

[0007] A Z-type endoscope optical system, in which an objective optical system, a relay optical system, and an eyepiece optical system are arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, characterized in that the relay optical system is composed of N groups of relay groups, wherein N is an even number, a first prism is arranged on the N-1th group of relay groups, a second prism is arranged on the Nth group of relay groups, a total of three reflection surfaces are arranged on the first prism and the second prism, one of the reflection surfaces is arranged as a ridge reflection surface, and the other two reflection surfaces are arranged as plane reflection surfaces.

[0008] Furthermore, a first reflection surface among the three reflection surfaces is arranged on the first prism, and a second reflection surface and a third reflection surface among the three reflection surfaces are arranged on the second prism.

[0009] Furthermore, the roof ridge reflection surface is a first reflection surface, and the plane reflection surfaces are a second reflection surface and a third reflection surface.

[0010] Furthermore, the roof ridge reflection surface is the second reflection surface, and the plane reflection surfaces are the first reflection surface and the third reflection surface.

[0011] Furthermore, the roof ridge reflection surface is a third reflection surface, and the plane reflection surface is a first reflection surface and a second reflection surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the N-1th relay group also includes the N-1th relay group front group and / or the N-1th relay group rear group.

[0013] Furthermore, the Nth relay group further includes the Nth relay group front group and / or the Nth relay group rear group.

[0014] An imaging method of a Z-type endoscope optical system, characterized in that it includes a Z-type endoscope optical system adopting the above-mentioned technical solution. During imaging, a light beam is incident through an objective optical system, passes through a relay optical system composed of an even number of relay groups, and is emitted from an eyepiece optical system.

[0015] In summary, the endoscopic optical system provided by the present invention expands the number of relay groups of the Z-type endoscope relay optical system to an even number. When designing the optical system, it is not restricted by the odd and even numbers of relay groups, which greatly improves the freedom of optical system design. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 : Schematic diagram of the optical system of a conventional Z-type endoscope;

[0017] Figure 2 : A schematic diagram of a Z-type endoscope optical system of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 3 : Schematic diagram of a first prism and a second prism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 4 : Schematic diagram of a first prism and a second prism in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 : Schematic diagram of the first prism and the second prism of Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 : Schematic diagram of the Z-type endoscope optical system of embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0022] Marking Description:

[0023] 1. Objective optical system

[0024] 2. Relay optical system

[0025] 3. Eyepiece optical system

[0026] 21. Relay Group 1

[0027] 22. Relay group N-1

[0028] 221, N-1th relay group front group

[0029] 222. The First Prism

[0030] 223. N-1th relay group and subsequent group

[0031] 23. Nth relay group

[0032] 231, Nth relay group front group

[0033] 232. Second Prism

[0034] 233, Nth relay group and subsequent group

[0035] S21, first incident surface

[0036] S22, first reflecting surface

[0037] S23, first exit surface

[0038] S31, second incident surface

[0039] S32, second reflecting surface

[0040] S33, third reflection surface

[0041] S34, second exit surface DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention should be understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Including" or "containing" and similar words mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. "Connected" or "connected" and similar words are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0044] In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, the present invention omits detailed descriptions of some known functions and known components.

[0045] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 and 3 , Embodiment 1 of the present invention is:

[0046] A Z-type endoscope optical system, comprising an objective optical system (1), a relay optical system (2), and an eyepiece optical system (3) arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, wherein the relay optical system (2) is composed of six relay groups, the fifth relay group (22) is provided with a fifth relay group front group (221), a first prism (222), and a fifth relay group rear group (223), the first prism (222) is provided with a first incident surface (S21), a first reflection surface (S22), and a first emission surface (S23), the first reflection surface (S22) is set as a roof reflection surface, and the relay optical system (2) is connected at the first prism (222) of the fifth relay group (22) through the first Reflection from a reflection surface (S22) causes the optical axis to bend; the sixth relay group (23) is provided with a sixth relay group front group (231), a second prism (232) and a sixth relay group rear group (233); the second prism (232) is provided with a second incident surface (S31), a second reflection surface (S32), a third reflection surface (S33) and a second exit surface (S34); the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33) are both set as plane reflection surfaces; at the second prism (232) of the sixth relay group (23), the relay optical system (2) causes the optical axis to bend through reflection from the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33).

[0047] Working principle: The light beam passes through the objective optical system, the first relay group, the second relay group, the third relay group, the fourth relay group, the fifth relay group, the sixth relay group in sequence, and finally exits through the eyepiece optical system. The objective forms an inverted image, and each relay group from the first to the fourth group forms an inverted image. In the fifth relay group, the light beam passes through the front group of the fifth relay group, the first prism, and the rear group of the fifth relay group in sequence. In the first prism, the light beam is incident from the first incident surface, and after being reflected from the first reflection surface, it is emitted from the first prism. The light beam emerges from the first exit surface, the fifth relay group forms an erect image, and the light beam passes through the sixth relay group front group, the second prism and the sixth relay group rear group in sequence in the sixth relay group. In the second prism, the light beam is incident from the first incident surface of the prism, and is reflected at the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface respectively, and emerges from the second exit surface. The sixth relay group forms an inverted image, and the eyepiece forms an erect image. The integrated objective optical system, relay optical system and eyepiece optical system, the endoscope optical system forms an erect image, which meets the requirements of the endoscope to form an erect image.

[0048] Embodiment 2:

[0049] Please see attached Figure 2 and 4 A Z-type endoscope optical system, comprising an objective optical system (1), a relay optical system (2), and an eyepiece optical system (3) arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, wherein the relay optical system (2) is composed of six relay groups, the fifth relay group (22) is provided with a fifth relay group front group (221), a first prism (222), and a fifth relay group rear group (223), the first prism (222) is provided with a first incident surface (S21), a first reflection surface (S22), and a first exit surface (S23), the first reflection surface (S22) is set as a plane reflection surface, and the relay optical system (2) is provided at the first prism (222) of the fifth relay group (22) through a first reflection The reflection of the surface (S22) causes the optical axis to bend. The sixth relay group (23) is provided with a sixth relay group front group (231), a second prism (232) and a sixth relay group rear group (233). The second prism (232) is provided with a second incident surface (S31), a second reflection surface (S32), a third reflection surface (S33) and a second exit surface (S34). The second reflection surface (S32) is set as a ridge reflection surface, and the third reflection surface (S33) is set as a plane reflection surface. At the second prism (232) of the sixth relay group (23), the relay optical system (2) causes the optical axis to bend through reflection of the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33).

[0050] Embodiment three:

[0051] Please see attached Figure 2 and 5A Z-type endoscope optical system, comprising an objective optical system (1), a relay optical system (2), and an eyepiece optical system (3) arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, wherein the relay optical system (2) is composed of six relay groups, the fifth relay group (22) is provided with a fifth relay group front group (221), a first prism (222), and a fifth relay group rear group (223), the first prism (222) is provided with a first incident surface (S21), a first reflection surface (S22), and a first exit surface (S23), the first reflection surface (S22) is set as a plane reflection surface, and the relay optical system (2) is provided at the first prism (222) of the fifth relay group (22) through a first reflection The reflection of the surface (S22) causes the optical axis to bend. The sixth relay group (23) is provided with a sixth relay group front group (231), a second prism (232) and a sixth relay group rear group (233). The second prism (232) is provided with a second incident surface (S31), a second reflection surface (S32), a third reflection surface (S33) and a second exit surface (S34). The second reflection surface (S32) is set as a plane reflection surface, and the third reflection surface (S33) is set as a roof reflection surface. At the second prism (232) of the sixth relay group (23), the relay optical system (2) causes the optical axis to bend through reflection of the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33).

[0052] Embodiment 4:

[0053] Please see attached Figure 6 A Z-type endoscope optical system, comprising an objective optical system (1), a relay optical system (2), and an eyepiece optical system (3) arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, wherein the relay optical system (2) is composed of eight relay groups, the seventh relay group (22) is provided with a first prism (222) and a seventh relay group rear group (223), the first prism (222) is provided with a first incident surface (S21), a first reflection surface (S22), and a first emission surface (S23), the first reflection surface (S22) is set as a roof reflection surface, and the relay optical system (2) is provided at the first prism (222) of the seventh relay group (22) through the first Reflection from a reflection surface (S22) causes the optical axis to bend; the eighth relay group (23) is provided with an eighth relay group front group (231) and a second prism (232); the second prism (232) is provided with a second incident surface (S31), a second reflection surface (S32), a third reflection surface (S33) and a second exit surface (S34); the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33) are both set as plane reflection surfaces; at the second prism (232) of the eighth relay group (23), the relay optical system (2) causes the optical axis to bend through reflection from the second reflection surface (S32) and the third reflection surface (S33).

[0054] The imaging methods and principles of the second, third and fourth embodiments are the same as those of the first embodiment, and will not be described in detail here.

[0055] In Example 1, Example 2, Example 3 and Example 4, the N-1th odd-numbered relay group, in addition to including the first prism, is also composed of three possible forms, specifically: in the first form, the N-1th relay group sets a front group in front of the first prism, the second form, the N-1th relay group sets a rear group behind the first prism, and the third form, the N-1th relay group sets a front group and a rear group before and after, respectively. Similarly, the Nth relay group, in addition to including the second prism, is also composed of three possible forms, specifically: in the first form, the Nth relay group sets a front group in front of the second prism, the second form, the Nth relay group sets a rear group behind the second prism, and the third form, the Nth relay group sets a front group and a rear group before and after, respectively.

[0056] In summary, the endoscopic optical system and imaging method provided by the present invention can realize Z-type endoscopic relay: the number of relay groups of the optical system is expanded to an even array, and when designing the optical system, it is not restricted by the odd and even arrays of relay groups, which greatly improves the freedom of optical system design.

[0057] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent transformations made using the contents of the present invention's specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A Z-type endoscope optical system, which comprises an objective optical system, a relay optical system, and an eyepiece optical system arranged in sequence from the object side to the image side, characterized in that: The relay optical system is composed of N relay groups, where N is an even number, the N-1th relay group is provided with a first prism, the Nth relay group is provided with a second prism, and the first prism and the second prism are provided with three reflecting surfaces in total, one of which is provided as a ridge reflecting surface, and the other two reflecting surfaces are provided as plane reflecting surfaces.

2. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first prism is provided with a first reflection surface among the three reflection surfaces, and the second prism is provided with a second reflection surface and a third reflection surface among the three reflection surfaces.

3. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roof ridge reflection surface is a first reflection surface, and the plane reflection surfaces are a second reflection surface and a third reflection surface.

4. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roof ridge reflection surface is the second reflection surface, and the plane reflection surfaces are the first reflection surface and the third reflection surface.

5. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The roof ridge reflection surface is the third reflection surface, and the plane reflection surface is the first reflection surface and the second reflection surface.

6. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The N-1th relay group further includes the N-1th relay group front group and / or the N-1th relay group rear group.

7. The Z-type endoscope optical system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The Nth relay group further includes the Nth relay group front group and / or the Nth relay group rear group.

8. An imaging method of a Z-type endoscope optical system, characterized in that: The invention comprises a Z-type endoscope optical system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein during imaging, a light beam is incident through an objective optical system, passes through a relay optical system composed of an even number of relay groups, and is emitted from an eyepiece optical system.

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