Viewing angle control element and display module

Abstract

The invention provides a visual angle control element and a display module. The visual angle control element comprises a first substrate, a plurality of first interval units, a plurality of second interval units and a second substrate. The plurality of first spacing units are arranged on the first substrate. The plurality of second interval units are respectively arranged on the plurality of first interval units. The second substrate is arranged on the plurality of second spacing units. And the reflectivity of the plurality of first interval units is greater than that of the plurality of second interval units.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to an electronic device, and more particularly to a viewing angle control element and a display module. Background Art

[0002] Electronic devices including display modules, such as notebook computers or car displays, have become an indispensable necessity in modern society. With the booming development of electronic products, consumers have high expectations for the quality, functions or prices of these products.

[0003] Recently, based on security and / or privacy considerations, it is increasingly important to control the viewing angle of a display module. However, the current privacy films on the market have the problem of reducing the light extraction efficiency of the display module. Therefore, developing a new privacy protection element to further improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module is still one of the topics that the industry is currently working on. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present disclosure provides a viewing angle control element and a display module, which are helpful to improve light extraction efficiency.

[0005] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a viewing angle control element includes a first substrate, a plurality of first spacing units, a plurality of second spacing units, and a second substrate. The plurality of first spacing units are disposed on the first substrate. The plurality of second spacing units are respectively disposed on the plurality of first spacing units. The second substrate is disposed on the plurality of second spacing units. The reflectivity of the plurality of first spacing units is greater than the reflectivity of the plurality of second spacing units.

[0006] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a display module includes a backlight, a display panel, and a viewing angle control element. The display panel is disposed on the backlight. The viewing angle control element is disposed between the backlight and the display panel and includes a first substrate, a plurality of first spacing units, a plurality of second spacing units, and a second substrate. The plurality of first spacing units are disposed on the first substrate. The plurality of second spacing units are respectively disposed on the plurality of first spacing units. The second substrate is disposed on the plurality of second spacing units. The reflectivity of the plurality of first spacing units is greater than the reflectivity of the plurality of second spacing units.

[0007] In order to make the above features and advantages of the present disclosure more obvious and understandable, embodiments are given below with reference to the accompanying drawings for detailed description as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0009] Figures 2 to 6 is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of various viewing angle control elements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

[0010] Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 is a partial top view schematic diagram of various viewing angle control elements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] Reference will now be made in detail to exemplary embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Whenever possible, the same reference numerals are used in the drawings and the description to refer to the same or like parts.

[0012] Certain words are used throughout the present disclosure and in the appended claims to refer to specific components. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that electronic device manufacturers may refer to the same components by different names. This document does not intend to distinguish between components that have the same function but different names. In the following description and claims, the words "including" and "comprising" are open-ended words and should therefore be interpreted as "including but not limited to..."

[0013] Directional terms mentioned herein, such as "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", etc., are only with reference to the directions of the accompanying drawings. Therefore, the directional terms used are for illustration and not for limiting the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings, each figure shows the general characteristics of the methods, structures and / or materials used in a particular embodiment. However, these drawings should not be interpreted as defining or limiting the scope or nature covered by these embodiments. For example, for clarity, the relative size, thickness and position of each film layer, region and / or structure may be reduced or enlarged.

[0014] A structure (or layer, element, substrate) described in the present disclosure is located on / above another structure (or layer, element, substrate), which may refer to the two structures being adjacent and directly connected, or it may refer to the two structures being adjacent but not directly connected. Indirect connection means that there is at least one intermediate structure (or intermediate layer, intermediate element, intermediate substrate, intermediate interval) between the two structures, the lower surface of one structure is adjacent to or directly connected to the upper surface of the intermediate structure, and the upper surface of the other structure is adjacent to or directly connected to the lower surface of the intermediate structure. The intermediate structure can be composed of a single-layer or multi-layer physical structure or a non-physical structure, without limitation. In the present disclosure, when a certain structure is disposed "on" another structure, it may refer to that the certain structure is "directly" on the other structure, or that the certain structure is "indirectly" on the other structure, that is, at least one structure is sandwiched between the certain structure and the other structure.

[0015] The terms "approximately", "substantially" or "substantially" are generally interpreted as within 10% of a given value or range, or as within 5%, 3%, 2%, 1% or 0.5% of a given value or range. In addition, the phrases "a range is from a first value to a second value", "a range is between a first value and a second value" indicate that the range includes the first value, the second value and other values ​​therebetween.

[0016] The ordinal numbers used in the specification and claims, such as "first", "second", etc., are used to modify the elements. They do not imply or represent any previous ordinal numbers of the element (or elements), nor do they represent the order of one element and another element, or the order of the manufacturing method. The use of these ordinal numbers is only used to make the element with a certain name clearly distinguishable from another element with the same name. The claims and the specification may not use the same words. Accordingly, the first component in the specification may be the second component in the claim.

[0017] The electrical connection or coupling described in the present disclosure may refer to direct connection or indirect connection. In the case of direct connection, the endpoints of the components on the two circuits are directly connected or connected to each other by a conductor segment, and in the case of indirect connection, there is a switch, diode, capacitor, inductor, resistor, other suitable components, or a combination of the above components between the endpoints of the components on the two circuits, but it is not limited to these.

[0018] In the present disclosure, the thickness, length and width can be measured by an optical microscope (OM), and the thickness or width can be measured by a cross-sectional image in an electron microscope, but it is not limited thereto. In addition, any two values ​​or directions used for comparison may have a certain error. In addition, the terms "substantially" or "approximately" mentioned in the present disclosure usually represent a range of 10% within a given value or range. In addition, the terms "a given range is a first value to a second value", "a given range falls within the range of a first value to a second value" or "a given range is between a first value and a second value" indicate that the given range includes the first value, the second value and other values ​​therebetween. If the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be between 80 degrees and 100 degrees; if the first direction is parallel to the second direction, the angle between the first direction and the second direction may be between 0 degrees and 10 degrees.

[0019] Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure belongs. It is understood that these terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning consistent with the background or context of the relevant technology and the present disclosure, and should not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal manner unless specifically defined in the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0020] In the present disclosure, the electronic device may include a display device, a backlight device, a sensing device or a splicing device, but is not limited thereto. The electronic device may be a bendable or flexible electronic device. The display device may be a non-self-luminous display device or a self-luminous display device. The display device may, for example, include liquid crystal, light emitting diode, fluorescence, phosphor, quantum dot (QD), other suitable display media or a combination of the foregoing. The sensing device may be a sensing device for sensing capacitance, light, heat or ultrasound, but is not limited thereto. In the present disclosure, the electronic device may include electronic components, and the electronic components may include passive components and active components, such as capacitors, resistors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. The diode may include a light emitting diode, a varactor diode (Varactor Diodes) or a photodiode. The light emitting diode may, for example, include an organic light emitting diode (OLED), a sub-millimeter light emitting diode (mini LED), a micro LED or a quantum dot light emitting diode (quantumdot LED), but is not limited thereto. The splicing device may be, for example, a display splicing device or an antenna splicing device, but is not limited thereto. It should be noted that the electronic device may be any arrangement or combination of the foregoing, but is not limited thereto. In addition, the appearance of the electronic device may be a rectangle, a circle, a polygon, a shape with curved edges, or other suitable shapes. The electronic device may have peripheral systems such as a drive system, a control system, a light source system, etc. to support a display device, a wearable device (e.g., including augmented reality or virtual reality), a vehicle-mounted device (e.g., including a car windshield), or a splicing device.

[0021] It should be noted that the following embodiments may replace, reorganize, or mix features in several different embodiments to complete other embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present disclosure. Features between embodiments may be mixed and matched as long as they do not violate the spirit of the invention or conflict with each other.

[0022] Figure 1 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a display module according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figures 2 to 6is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of various viewing angle control elements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 is a partial top view schematic diagram of various viewing angle control elements according to some embodiments of the present disclosure, wherein Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 Only the second spacing unit is schematically shown and the remaining elements are omitted.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 , the display module 1 may include a backlight 10, a display panel 12, and a viewing angle control element 14. The display panel 12 is disposed on the backlight 10. The viewing angle control element 14 is disposed between the backlight 10 and the display panel 12 and includes a first substrate SUB1, a plurality of first spacing units U1, a plurality of second spacing units U2, and a second substrate SUB2. The plurality of first spacing units U1 are disposed on the first substrate SUB1. The plurality of second spacing units U2 are respectively disposed on the plurality of first spacing units U1. The second substrate SUB2 is disposed on the plurality of second spacing units U2. The reflectivity of the plurality of first spacing units U1 is greater than the reflectivity of the plurality of second spacing units U2.

[0024] In detail, Figure 1 As shown, the backlight 10 can be used to provide illumination. The type of the backlight 10 is not limited. For example, the backlight 10 can be a direct-lit backlight or a side-lit backlight. Figure 1 As shown, the backlight 10 may include a light guide plate LG, a light source LS, and a plurality of optical films (eg, a diffusion sheet DF1, a prism sheet PZ1, a prism sheet PZ2, and a diffusion sheet DF2).

[0025] The light guide plate LG can be used to transmit light from the light source LS. The material of the light guide plate LG includes, for example, glass or plastic, but is not limited thereto. The plastic may include polycarbonate (PC), polyimide (PI), polypropylene (PP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), other suitable flexible materials, or a combination of the foregoing materials, but is not limited thereto.

[0026] In some embodiments, although not shown, at least one of the upper surface ST and the lower surface SB of the light guide plate LG may be formed with a plurality of microstructures. The distribution density of the plurality of microstructures may gradually increase in the direction away from the light source LS to improve the brightness uniformity, but is not limited thereto.

[0027] The light source LS is disposed adjacent to the side SS of the light guide plate LG, and the light emitted by the light source LS can enter the light guide plate LG via the side SS of the light guide plate LG. Although not shown, the light source LS may include a circuit board and a plurality of light-emitting elements. The plurality of light-emitting elements are disposed on the circuit board and may be electrically connected to an external circuit through the circuit board. The circuit board may include, for example, a printed circuit board or a flexible printed circuit board, but is not limited thereto. The plurality of light-emitting elements may include a plurality of light emitting diodes (LEDs), a plurality of organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), a plurality of sub-millimeter light-emitting diodes (mini LEDs), a plurality of micro LEDs (micro LEDs), or a plurality of quantum dot LEDs (quantum dotLEDs).

[0028] The diffusion sheet DF1 , the prism sheet PZ1 , the prism sheet PZ2 , and the diffusion sheet DF2 are sequentially stacked on the upper surface ST of the light guide plate LG to adjust the light pattern and energy distribution of the illumination light output from the backlight 10 .

[0029] In some embodiments, although not shown, the backlight 10 may further include a reflective sheet, wherein the reflective sheet may be disposed adjacent to the lower surface SB of the light guide plate LG to reflect the light transmitted toward the lower surface SB so that the light has a chance to be emitted from the upper surface ST of the light guide plate LG. It should be understood that the types and / or quantities of the elements or film layers in the backlight 10 may be changed according to requirements, and are not limited to the above. Figure 1 Only the displayed ones are limited.

[0030] The display panel 12 is, for example, disposed on the diffusion sheet DF2, and the display panel 12 can be used to convert the illumination light from the backlight 10 into image light with display information (such as grayscale, color). The display panel 12 can be a non-self-luminous display panel, such as a liquid crystal display panel, but is not limited thereto. The liquid crystal display panel can include a plurality of pixels arranged in an array, and the grayscale and color of each pixel can be independently controlled to provide a display image.

[0031] The viewing angle control element 14 is, for example, disposed between the diffuser DF2 and the display panel 12 , and can be used to control the angle of light output from each region of the viewing angle control element 14 , so that the display module 1 can provide a normal mode, an anti-peeping mode, or a combination thereof.

[0032] like Figure 2 As shown, in the viewing angle control element 14, the first substrate SUB1 can be a hard substrate or a flexible substrate. The material of the first substrate SUB1 includes, for example, a light-transmitting material such as glass, quartz, ceramic, sapphire or plastic, but is not limited thereto. The plastic can include polycarbonate, polyimide, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, other suitable flexible materials or a combination of the foregoing materials, but is not limited thereto.

[0033] The plurality of first spacing units U1 are, for example, located between the plurality of second spacing units U2 and the first substrate SUB1. The material of the plurality of first spacing units U1 includes, for example, a metal with a high reflectivity, such as a metal with a reflectivity greater than 80%, but not limited thereto. The metal with a reflectivity greater than 80% refers, for example, to a metal with a reflectivity greater than 80% for visible light (e.g., light with a wavelength in the range of 400nm to 700nm), such as gold, silver, aluminum, copper, platinum, chromium, nickel, or a combination thereof, but not limited thereto.

[0034] The second spacers U2 are, for example, located between the first spacers U1 and the second substrate SUB2. The second spacers U2 are made of, for example, light absorbing material or semi-transmissive semi-reflective material, such as dark ink, colored photoresist or black matrix, but not limited thereto.

[0035] The second spacers U2 and the first spacers U1 are arranged one-to-one. In some embodiments, the width WST1 of the top surface ST1 of at least one of the first spacers U1 may be greater than the width WSB2 of the bottom surface SB2 of at least one of the second spacers U2 to facilitate manufacturing.

[0036] The second substrate SUB2 covers a plurality of second spacer units U2. The material of the second substrate SUB2 can refer to the material of the first substrate SUB1, and will not be repeated here.

[0037] According to different requirements, the viewing angle control element 14 may include other elements or film layers. Figure 2 For example, the viewing angle control element 14 may further include a transparent protective layer C, wherein the transparent protective layer C is disposed between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2, and the transparent protective layer C, for example, laterally surrounds the plurality of second spacing units U2 and covers the plurality of first spacing units U1. The transparent protective layer C may provide filling, flattening and / or protection functions. The material of the transparent protective layer C may be a photocurable material or a thermosetting material, such as a polyimide resin or an acrylic resin, but is not limited thereto. In some embodiments, the distance D12 between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 may be maintained by the transparent protective layer C, but is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, the distance D12 between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 may be maintained by a plurality of first spacing units U1 and a plurality of second spacing units U2.

[0038] By arranging a plurality of first spacers U1 with a larger reflectivity between the plurality of second spacers U2 and the first substrate SUB1, the light (such as light L1) directed toward the bottom surface of the first spacers U1 can be reflected, thereby increasing the light recovery and reuse rate, and thus helping to improve the light extraction efficiency or brightness. In addition, the light (such as light L2) directed toward the side of the first spacers U1 can be reflected by the first spacers U1 and emitted from the viewing angle control element 14, thus helping to improve the light extraction efficiency or brightness. In addition, the light extraction angle of the light (such as light L3) emitted from two adjacent second spacers U2 can be controlled by controlling the relevant parameters (such as thickness, pitch, tilt angle, etc.) of the plurality of first spacers U1 and the plurality of second spacers U2. In some embodiments, the thickness T1 of the plurality of first spacers U1 is, for example, 1 μm to 20 μm (that is, 1 μm ≤ T1 ≤ 20 μm), and the pitch P1 of the plurality of first spacers U1 is, for example, 1 μm to 20 μm (that is, 1 μm ≤ P1 ≤ 20 μm). In some embodiments, the thickness T2 of the plurality of second spacer units U2 is, for example, 1 μm to 20 μm (i.e., 1 μm ≤ T2 ≤ 20 μm), and the pitch P2 of the plurality of second spacer units U2 is, for example, 5 μm to 100 μm (i.e., 5 μm ≤ P2 ≤ 100 μm). In some embodiments, the relative displacement DP between the first spacer unit U1 and the corresponding second spacer unit U2 (e.g., the distance between the edge of the upper surface ST1 of the first spacer unit U1 and the corresponding edge of the lower surface SB2 of the corresponding second spacer unit U2) is, for example, 1 μm to 20 μm (i.e., 1 μm ≤ DP ≤ 20 μm). In some embodiments, the inclination angle θ of the side surface of the second spacer unit U2 is, for example, 0 degrees to 60 degrees (i.e., 0° ≤ θ ≤ 60°). In some embodiments, the distance D12 between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2 is, for example, 10 μm to 100 μm (i.e., 10 μm ≤ D12 ≤ 100 μm). In some embodiments, all of the second spacing units U2 may contact the second substrate; in other embodiments, all of the second spacing units U2 may not contact the second substrate, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0039] Since the viewing angle control element 14 can be manufactured using the current TFT manufacturing process and does not need to be supplied by external manufacturers, the manufacturing process cost and time can be saved, and the precision of the micron level can be achieved. In addition, by adjusting the relevant parameters of the plurality of first spacing units U1 and the plurality of second spacing units U2, it is also helpful to improve the moiré pattern generated by the pattern interference between the existing anti-peeping film and the plurality of pixels of the display panel.

[0040] In some embodiments, the relevant parameters of the plurality of second spacing units U2 (such as thickness T2, pitch P2, tilt angle θ and / or relative displacement DP, etc.) can be changed according to requirements (such as light output viewing angle). Figure 3 As shown, at least one of the plurality of second spacing units U2 (such as Figure 3 The thickness T2 of the rightmost second spacing unit U2 may be smaller than the distance DT between the first spacing unit U1 and the second substrate SUB2, that is, at least one of the plurality of second spacing units U2 may not be in contact with the second substrate SUB2, and the transparent protective layer may be located between at least one of the plurality of second spacing units U2 and the second substrate SUB2 in addition to being disposed between the first substrate SUB1 and the second substrate SUB2.

[0041] In some embodiments, the cross-sectional shapes of the plurality of second spacing units U2 may also be changed according to requirements (such as light output viewing angle). Figure 4 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the plurality of second spacing units U2 may be quadrilateral, stepped, or a combination thereof. The quadrilateral may include a rectangle, a parallelogram, a trapezoid (see Figure 3 ) or a combination thereof, but not limited thereto.

[0042] In some embodiments, the colors of the second spacing units U2 may also be changed as required. Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of second spacing units U2 may include a first subunit U2-B and a second subunit U2-R, and the first subunit U2-B and the second subunit U2-R have different colors. In addition, the first subunit U2-B is, for example, disposed on the display module 1 (see Figure 1 ), and the second subunit U2-R is, for example, disposed in the second area R2 of the display module 1. The color deviation problem of the large viewing angle can be corrected by disposing subunits of different colors in different areas of the display module 1. For example, if the color of a certain area of ​​the display module is bluish, a subunit of a complementary color (such as a yellow subunit) can be disposed in the area to correct the color deviation.

[0043] In some embodiments, Figure 5 As shown, the plurality of second spacing units U2 may also include a plurality of second spacing units U2 disposed in the display module 1 (see Figure 1 ) of the third region R3 of the third subunit U2-G and arranged in the display module 1 (see Figure 1 ), wherein the first subunit U2-B, the second subunit U2-R, the third subunit U2-G and the fourth subunit U2-X have different colors, for example, the first subunit U2-B, the second subunit U2-R, the third subunit U2-G and the fourth subunit U2-X are blue, red, green and black respectively, but the disclosure is not limited thereto. The colors of the plurality of second spacing units U2 can be changed according to needs.

[0044] In some embodiments, Figure 6As shown, two adjacent second spacing units U2 may have opposite tilt directions to provide a symmetrical light pattern, but this is not limited thereto. It should be understood that Figure 6 The elements are for illustration only, and the relevant parameters of each element (such as thickness, pitch, tilt angle and / or the relative displacement between the first spacing unit U1 and the second spacing unit U2, etc.) can be changed according to needs.

[0045] In some embodiments, Figure 7 As shown, the plurality of second spacing units U2 may include a plurality of sub-units U21 extending in the direction D1 and a plurality of sub-units U22 extending in the direction D2, so as to limit the viewing angles in the direction D2 and the direction D1, respectively. In some embodiments, the plurality of sub-units U21 may have the same pitch P1' in the direction D2, and the plurality of sub-units U22 may have the same pitch P2' in the direction D1, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, although not shown, the plurality of second spacing units U2 may include a plurality of sub-units U21 extending in the direction D1 and do not include a plurality of sub-units U22 extending in the direction D2, or the plurality of second spacing units U2 may include a plurality of sub-units U22 extending in the direction D2 and do not include a plurality of sub-units U21 extending in the direction D1. In addition, the plurality of sub-units (such as the plurality of sub-units U21 or the plurality of sub-units U22) may have a single or multiple pitches.

[0046] In some embodiments, Figure 8 As shown, the plurality of second spacing units U2 may have a variety of pitches (such as pitch P3, pitch P4, pitch P5, pitch P6, and pitch P7, etc.) or a variety of densities to be used in display modules (such as Figure 1 Different areas of the display module 1) provide a normal mode and an anti-peeping mode. In detail, the plurality of second spacing units U2 can be configured according to the display panel (such as Figure 1 The opening area of ​​the display panel 12) is designed to increase the light extraction efficiency, and the anti-peeping mode can be provided by a regional small pitch design, and the normal mode can be provided by a regional large pitch design. For example, when the display module is applied to a vehicle display device, the area of ​​the display module corresponding to the driver's seat and the co-driver's seat can be designed as an anti-peeping mode (or a narrow viewing angle mode) to reduce image interference, and the area of ​​the display module corresponding to the center console can be designed as a normal mode, so that the driver and the co-driver can view the image displayed on the center console.

[0047] although Figure 8It is schematically shown that a plurality of second spacing units U2 extend in the direction D1, respectively, so as to limit the viewing angle in the direction D2 by pitch or density design, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, a plurality of second spacing units U2 may extend in the direction D2, respectively, so as to limit the viewing angle in the direction D1 by pitch or density design. Alternatively, a plurality of second spacing units U2 may extend in the direction D1 and the direction D2, respectively, so as to limit the viewing angle in the direction D2 and the direction D1 by pitch or density design.

[0048] In summary, in the embodiments disclosed herein, by disposing a plurality of first spacing units with a higher reflectivity between a plurality of second spacing units and the first substrate, light directed toward the first spacing units can be reflected, thereby increasing the light recycling rate and helping to improve light output efficiency or brightness.

[0049] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, rather than to limit them. Although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

[0050] Although the embodiments and advantages of the present disclosure have been disclosed as above, it should be understood that any person skilled in the art can make changes, substitutions and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and the features between the embodiments can be arbitrarily mixed and replaced with each other to form other new embodiments. In addition, the scope of protection of the present disclosure is not limited to the processes, machines, manufacturing, material compositions, devices, methods and steps in the specific embodiments described in the specification. Any person skilled in the art can understand the current or future developed processes, machines, manufacturing, material compositions, devices, methods and steps from the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as they can implement substantially the same functions or obtain substantially the same results in the embodiments described herein, they can be used according to the present disclosure. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned processes, machines, manufacturing, material compositions, devices, methods and steps. In addition, each claim constitutes an individual embodiment, and the scope of protection of the present disclosure also includes the combination of each claim and embodiment. The scope of protection of the present disclosure shall be determined by the attached claims.

Claims

1. A viewing angle control element, characterized in that: include: a first substrate; A plurality of first spacing units are arranged on the first substrate; A plurality of second spacing units, respectively arranged on the plurality of first spacing units; as well as A second substrate is disposed on the plurality of second spacing units, Wherein, the reflectivity of the plurality of first spacing units is greater than the reflectivity of the plurality of second spacing units.

2. The viewing angle control element according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the plurality of first spacing units includes metal having a reflectivity greater than 80%.

3. The viewing angle control element according to claim 1, characterized in that: A width of an upper surface of at least one of the plurality of first spacing units is greater than a width of a lower surface of at least one of the plurality of second spacing units.

4. The viewing angle control element according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: The transparent protective layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.

5. The viewing angle control element according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross-sectional shape of at least one of the plurality of second spacing units is stepped.

6. A display module, characterized in that: include: Backlight; A display panel, disposed on the backlight; as well as A viewing angle control element is disposed between the backlight and the display panel and comprises: a first substrate; A plurality of first spacing units are arranged on the first substrate; a plurality of second spacing units, respectively disposed on the plurality of first spacing units; and A second substrate is disposed on the plurality of second spacing units, Wherein, the reflectivity of the plurality of first spacing units is greater than the reflectivity of the plurality of second spacing units.

7. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of second spacing units include a first sub-unit and a second sub-unit, and the first sub-unit and the second sub-unit have different colors.

8. The display module according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first subunit is disposed in a first area of ​​the display module, and the second subunit is disposed in a second area of ​​the display module.

9. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The plurality of second spacing units have various pitches or various densities.

10. The display module according to claim 6, characterized in that: The viewing angle control element further comprises: The transparent protective layer is arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate.

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