Consequent-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure

Abstract

The invention discloses a consequent-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure, which comprises a stator iron core, a rotor iron core, a main shaft, a stator winding slot and a consequent-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array, and is characterized in that the rotor iron core is arranged outside the stator iron core, and the rotor iron core and the stator iron core are coaxially arranged; the main shaft is arranged at the center of the rotor iron core, the stator iron core adopts a straight groove, a double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array is arranged on the rotor and is positioned between the rotor and the stator iron core, the armature winding is arranged on the stator iron core, the stator iron core adopts a split tooth structure, and the stator iron core adopts a double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array. The stator iron core and the stator winding use a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding and are wound in a manner that the armature reaction magnetomotive force capable of generating the maximum harmonic amplitude is 5 pairs of poles, the permanent magnets of the stator iron core are installed in the tooth slots of the fission teeth, the number of the permanent magnets is 12, the permanent magnets of the rotor iron core use a consequent pole structure, and the number of pole pairs of the rotor iron core is 19 pairs of poles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of motor structures, in particular to an alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure. Background Art

[0002] Permanent magnet vernier motor (PMVM) is widely used in low-speed, high-torque direct drive fields such as mining production and ship drive due to its high torque density and simple mechanical structure. The basic idea of ​​magnetic field modulation is to modulate the input magnetic field through a special structure and arrangement of magnetic materials, thereby achieving effective coupling and torque transmission between different magnetic poles. PMVM is developed based on the magnetic field modulation principle of magnetic gears. Due to the existence of the "magnetic gear effect", it has greater electromagnetic torque under low-speed conditions, and has therefore attracted widespread attention from scholars.

[0003] PMVMs are all developed based on the same working principle, namely the "magnetic gear effect", which can be regarded as an integration of permanent magnet motors and magnetic gear transmission devices. There are two magnetic fields with different speeds on both sides of the modulation teeth, which are generated by the rotor permanent magnets and the armature windings respectively. The magnetic field generated by the armature winding is adjusted by the modulation teeth to make its speed the same as the speed of the magnetic field generated by the rotor permanent magnets, so as to realize the energy conversion between the stator and the rotor.

[0004] The traditional PMVM motor structure is as follows Figure 1 shown. Figure 1 In the figure, 1 is the stator core, 2 is the stator winding, 3 is the rotor core, 4 is the stator modulation tooth, 5-1 and 5-2 are the rotor main magnetic poles, where the magnetizing direction of 5-1 is at an angle of 0° to the radial direction, and the magnetizing direction of 5-2 is at an angle of 180° to the radial direction, that is, the magnetizing directions of 5-1 and 5-2 are opposite, and the single layers are arranged alternately.

[0005] Traditional PMVM motors have a simple structure and large electromagnetic torque, but they also face the problem of excessive torque pulsation.

[0006] The present invention adopts a Halbach array, that is, a new double-layer permanent magnet arrangement, and uses ferrite excitation for auxiliary magnetic poles. Its main feature is that it can generate a strong magnetic field on one side, reduce air gap magnetic density harmonics, reduce leakage magnetic flux, and improve energy conversion efficiency. It enhances the torque density of the permanent magnet vernier motor and improves torque pulsation. At the same time, the addition of ferrite significantly reduces the amount of rare earth permanent magnets, reduces the motor manufacturing cost, and improves the utilization rate of the permanent magnets of the motor.

[0007] Due to its special working principle and structural characteristics, PMVM often has the problem of too many rotor permanent magnet poles. Under low-speed and high-torque conditions, too many rotor poles will lead to a decrease in the mechanical strength of the rotor, which in turn affects the operating reliability of the motor. By using alternating poles, the number of rotor permanent magnets of PMVM can be reduced from the original 2pr to pr. This saves the amount of permanent magnets used and reduces the problems caused by too many permanent magnet poles.

[0008] Therefore, we urgently need to design an alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure to address the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the problems raised in the background art.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an alternating pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure, comprising a stator core, a rotor core, a main shaft, a stator winding slot and an alternating pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array, wherein the rotor core is placed outside the stator core and the rotor core is coaxially arranged with the stator core, the main shaft is arranged at the center of the rotor core, the stator core adopts a straight slot, the double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array is installed on the rotor and is located between the rotor and the stator core, the armature winding is installed on the stator core, the stator core adopts a split tooth structure, the stator core and the stator winding use a three-phase fractional slot concentrated winding, and are wound in a manner that can generate an armature reaction magnetomotive force with a maximum harmonic amplitude of 5 pairs of poles, the stator core permanent magnets are installed in the split tooth slots, with a total of 12 permanent magnets, the permanent magnets of the rotor core adopt an alternating pole structure, and the number of rotor core pole pairs is 19 pairs of poles.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, each pair of magnetic poles of the alternating-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array is composed of 7 permanent magnets, which are divided into two layers. The two layers of permanent magnets adopt different Halbach magnetization methods.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the outer permanent magnet includes one rotor main magnetic pole one and two rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles one and two rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles two.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the inner permanent magnet includes two rotor main magnetic poles 2, rotor main magnetic poles 3 and two rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 1, rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 2. At the same time, the main magnetic poles and auxiliary magnetic poles of the two layers of Halbach array can be of unequal width and thickness.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, there is no inter-pole spacing between adjacent poles of the alternating-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array, the rotor main magnetic pole one is magnetized in radial reverse direction, and the rotor main magnetic pole two and the rotor main magnetic pole three have an angle of 45° to 75° with the radial reverse direction.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the magnetizing direction of the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 and the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 is tangential magnetization.

[0016] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the angle between the magnetizing direction of the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 and the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 and the radial direction is 30° to 60°.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] In terms of torque performance, the unique double-layer non-uniform Halbach array design effectively enhances the torque density of the motor and significantly improves the output torque of the motor, which can better meet the needs of the low-speed, high-torque direct drive field.

[0019] In terms of torque pulsation, compared with the existing technology, the torque pulsation is greatly improved, making the motor run more smoothly, reducing vibration and noise, and improving the working accuracy and stability of the motor.

[0020] In terms of rotor structure, the alternating pole design is adopted to successfully reduce the number of rotor poles, save the amount of permanent magnets, and reduce costs. At the same time, the number of rotor permanent magnet poles is reduced, which significantly improves the mechanical strength of the rotor and enhances the reliability of the motor under low-speed and high-torque conditions.

[0021] In terms of energy consumption, due to the increase in torque density and the improvement in torque pulsation, the energy conversion efficiency of the motor is improved, energy consumption is reduced, and effective energy utilization is achieved.

[0022] In terms of operation and control, the improvement of the smoothness and reliability of the motor operation makes its operation and control easier, and reduces the technical requirements and operating difficulty for operators.

[0023] In terms of the environment, the optimization of motor performance reduces torque pulsation, thereby reducing environmental pollution that may be caused by problems such as vibration and noise, and helps achieve green production and sustainable development. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure proposed in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The following is combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 With reference to the accompanying drawings and a number of embodiments, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.

[0028] The motor design parameters are shown in Table 1. The number of slots is 12, the number of rotor pole pairs is 19, the number of stator pole pairs is 5, the pole arc coefficient is 0.75, the number of modulation teeth is 24, the air gap width is 1.5 mm, the rotor outer diameter is 830 mm, the rotor inner diameter is 706 mm, the rotor main pole material is NdFeb35, the rotor auxiliary pole material is Y30BH, and the stator auxiliary pole material is Y30BH.

[0029] Table 1 Motor design parameters

[0030]

[0031] The DNHC-PMVM motor structure of the present invention is as follows Figure 2 shown. Figure 2In the figure, 1 is the stator core, 2 is the stator winding, 3 is the rotor core, 4 is the stator modulation tooth, the rotor main magnetic pole 1 5-1 is the inner rotor main magnetic pole, the rotor main magnetic pole 2 5-2 and 5-3 are the outer rotor main magnetic poles, the magnetizing direction of the rotor main magnetic pole 1 5-1 is at an angle of 180° to the radial direction, the magnetizing direction of the rotor main magnetic pole 2 5-2 is at an angle of 150° to the radial direction, and the magnetizing direction of 5-3 is at an angle of 210° to the radial direction. The inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 6-1 of the rotor and the inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 6-2 of the rotor are the inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles of the rotor, wherein the magnetizing direction of the inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 6-1 is 135° with the radial angle, and the magnetizing direction of the inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 6-2 of the rotor is 225° with the radial angle. The outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 7-1 of the rotor and the outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 7-2 of the rotor are the outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles of the rotor, wherein the magnetizing direction of the outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 7-1 is 90° with the radial angle, and the magnetizing direction of the outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 7-2 of the rotor is 270° with the radial angle. The stator auxiliary magnetic pole 1 8-1 and the stator auxiliary magnetic pole 2 8-2 are the stator auxiliary magnetic poles, wherein the magnetizing direction of the sub-auxiliary magnetic pole 1 8-1 is 90° with the radial angle, and the magnetizing direction of 8-2 is 270° with the radial angle. Each pair of outer permanent magnets of the rotor has three rotor main magnetic poles 1 5-1, outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles 1 7-1, and outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles 2 7-2. Each pair of inner permanent magnets of the rotor has four rotor main magnetic poles 2 5-2, rotor main magnetic poles 3 5-3, inner oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 1 6-1, and inner oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 2 6-2. Each pair of rotor poles has a total of seven permanent magnets, and each tooth of the stator has two stator auxiliary magnetic poles 1 8-1 and stator auxiliary magnetic poles 2 8-2. Among them, the rotor main magnetic poles 1 5-1, 5-2, and 5-3 are made of neodymium boron iron rare earth permanent magnets, and the rotor inner oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 1 6-1, inner oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 2 6-2, rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles 1 7-1, rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles 2 7-2, stator auxiliary magnetic poles 1 8-1, and stator auxiliary magnetic poles 2 8-2 are made of ferrite.

[0032] The double-layer non-uniform Halbach alternating-pole permanent magnet vernier motor described in this embodiment mainly includes the following parts: a stator and a rotor, which are coaxially arranged. The rotor is tightly nested on the outside of the stator, and there is a certain air gap between the stator and the rotor. It should be pointed out that the rotor has a unique double-layer non-uniform Halbach array structure. In order to express and distinguish it more clearly, we divide it into two parts: the outer layer and the inner layer.

[0033] The stator includes: a stator core 1, a stator winding 2, a stator modulated tooth 4, and a stator auxiliary magnetic pole 8-1 and a stator auxiliary magnetic pole 2 8-2. The stator core 1 is a slot type. The number of stator poles is 10. Each stator tooth has 2 permanent magnets.

[0034] The included angle between the magnetizing direction of the stator auxiliary magnetic pole 1 8-1 and the radial direction is 90°, and the included angle between the magnetizing direction of the stator auxiliary magnetic pole 2 8-2 and the radial direction is 270°.

[0035] The specific situation of the split slot structure is: a slot is made at the top of each stator tooth to form two modulation teeth 4. In addition, the tooth pitches between adjacent stator modulation teeth are equal. Through such a design, other sub-operating harmonics can be introduced, thereby effectively improving the electromagnetic performance of the motor, making the motor perform better during operation, and achieving a more efficient and stable working state.

[0036] The rotor includes: a rotor core 3, a rotor main magnetic pole 1 5-1, a rotor main magnetic pole 2 5-2, a rotor main magnetic pole 3 5-3, a rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 6-1, a rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 6-2, a rotor outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 7-1, and a rotor outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 7-2. The rotor has a total of 38 poles

[0037] The rotor permanent magnets are arranged longitudinally in two different non-uniform Halbach arrays, divided into outer and inner layers.

[0038] The outer Halbach array of the rotor has three permanent magnets per pair of poles, the inner Halbach array has four permanent magnets per pair of poles, and each pair of poles of the rotor has a total of seven permanent magnets.

[0039] Among them, the magnetizing direction of 5-1 and the radial angle are 180°, the magnetizing direction of the rotor main pole 5-2 and the radial angle are 150°, and the magnetizing direction of 5-3 and the radial angle are 210°.

[0040] The rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 6-1 and the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 6-2 are the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles. The magnetizing direction of the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 6-1 and the radial angle are 135°, and the magnetizing direction of the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 6-2 and the radial angle are 225°.

[0041] The rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 7-1 and the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 7-2 are the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles. The magnetizing direction of the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 1 and the radial angle are 90°, and the magnetizing direction of the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole 2 7-2 and the radial angle are 270°.

[0042] The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in the field. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An alternating pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure, characterized in that: The invention comprises a stator core (1), a rotor core (3), a main shaft, a stator winding (2) slot and an alternating-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array, wherein the rotor core (3) is arranged outside the stator core (1) and the rotor core (3) is coaxially arranged with the stator core (1), the main shaft is arranged at the center of the rotor core (3), the stator core (1) adopts straight slots, and the double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array is installed on the rotor (3) and is located between the rotor (3) and the stator core (1). The armature winding (2) is mounted on the stator core (1) between the stator cores (1); the stator core (1) adopts a split-tooth structure; the stator core (1) and the stator winding (2) use three-phase fractional slot concentrated windings and are wound in a manner that generates an armature reaction magnetomotive force with a maximum harmonic amplitude of 5 pairs of poles; the permanent magnets of the stator core (1) are mounted in the split-tooth slots, with a total of 12 permanent magnets; the permanent magnets of the rotor core (3) use an alternating pole structure, and the number of pole pairs of the rotor core (3) is 19 pairs of poles.

2. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each pair of magnetic poles of the alternating-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array is composed of 7 permanent magnets, which are divided into two layers. The two layers of permanent magnets adopt different Halbach magnetization methods.

3. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer layer permanent magnets include one rotor main magnetic pole one (5-1) and two rotor outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles one (7-1) and two rotor outer layer tangential auxiliary magnetic poles two (7-2).

4. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner layer permanent magnets include two rotor main magnetic poles 2 and 3 (5-3) and two rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 1 (6-1) and 2 rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic poles 2 (6-2). Meanwhile, the main magnetic poles and auxiliary magnetic poles of the two layers of Halbach arrays can be of different widths and thicknesses.

5. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: There is no inter-pole spacing between adjacent magnetic poles of the alternating-pole double-layer non-uniform Halbach permanent magnet array, the rotor main magnetic pole one (5-1) is magnetized in the radial reverse direction, and the rotor main magnetic pole two (5-2) and the rotor main magnetic pole three (5-3) are at an angle of 45° to 75° with the radial reverse direction.

6. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The magnetizing direction of the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole one (7-1) and the rotor outer tangential auxiliary magnetic pole two (7-2) is tangential magnetization.

7. The alternating-pole double-layer Halbach array permanent magnet vernier motor structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: The angle between the magnetizing direction of the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 1 (6-1) and the rotor inner layer oblique auxiliary magnetic pole 2 (6-2) and the radial direction is 30° to 60°.

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