New energy automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle motor equipment, and particularly relates to a new energy automobile permanent magnet synchronous motor which comprises an outer shell, a front sealing cover, a rear sealing cover, a stator assembly and a rotor assembly, a spiral water-cooling channel is formed in the outer shell, a first liquid inlet pipe opening and a first liquid outlet pipe opening are integrally formed in the surface of the outer shell, and the first liquid inlet pipe opening, the first liquid outlet pipe opening and the outer shell are communicated to form an outer circulation water-cooling system for controlling the temperature of the stator assembly and an inner cavity of the outer shell. And an internal circulation water cooling system for controlling the temperature of the rotor assembly is formed between the rear sealing cover and the rotor assembly. According to the invention, through the external circulation water cooling system and the internal circulation water cooling system, the temperature of the stator assembly and the temperature of the rotor assembly can be respectively controlled, and the actual temperature of the stator assembly and the actual temperature of the rotor assembly can be monitored more visually, so that the actual working state of the motor and the temperature of the motor body can be well balanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric vehicle motor equipment, and specifically relates to a permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles. Background Art

[0002] A permanent magnet synchronous motor is a type of motor that uses permanent magnets to generate a fixed magnetic field, and generates torque by interacting with the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator winding and the permanent magnet magnetic field. When the motor is powered on, the current alternately passes through the three-phase winding coils of the stator to obtain a rotating magnetic field. Since the rotor itself has its own magnetic field (made of permanent magnetic material), the rotor will be driven by the magnetic field generated by the stator to rotate, and then the rotor drives the wheels to rotate through the transmission device to achieve the purpose of driving the car. Because the rotor rotation speed of the permanent magnet synchronous motor is synchronized with the speed of change of the magnetic field generated by the stator coil, this type of motor is called a "permanent magnet synchronous motor."

[0003] When a permanent magnet synchronous motor rotates at high speed, the stator and rotor will generate a lot of heat due to electromagnetic induction. At the same time, the permanent magnet material will demagnetize under continuous high temperature conditions. Therefore, the prior art cools the motor by adding a water cooling system outside the motor housing. At the same time, in order to facilitate the heat dissipation of the rotor, the rotor core is made by stacking rotor punchings.

[0004] However, this cooling method still has some defects in practical applications: 1. Since the water cooling system is set inside the shell, it only directly contacts the stator part, which results in limited cooling effect on the rotor part and cannot keep the permanent magnet at a good working temperature. If this continues for a long time, the permanent magnet is likely to be demagnetized, causing damage to the motor.

[0005] 2. This water cooling system can only simply control the temperature of the motor surface, and the temperature of the stator and rotor cannot be well controlled. Therefore, the temperature of the stator and rotor cannot be controlled according to the actual working state of the motor, so that the actual working state of the motor and the body temperature cannot be well balanced, resulting in problems such as motor performance degradation and short service life.

[0006] 3. Although the use of rotor punching stacking to make the rotor core can improve heat dissipation, the mounting structure between the rotor punching stack and the rotor shaft cannot effectively position the rotor core. During high-speed rotation, lateral displacement or longitudinal relative rotation offset is prone to occur, affecting the rotation balance of the rotor. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles, which can control the temperature of a stator assembly and a rotor assembly respectively through an external circulation water cooling system and an internal circulation water cooling system, and can more intuitively monitor the actual temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly, so that the actual working state of the motor and the body temperature can be well balanced.

[0008] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A new energy vehicle permanent magnet synchronous motor comprises an outer shell, a front sealing cover and a rear sealing cover installed at two ends of the outer shell, and a stator assembly and a rotor assembly embedded and installed in the outer shell; A spiral water cooling channel is formed in the outer shell, and a first liquid inlet and a first liquid outlet connected to the spiral water cooling channel are integrally formed on the surface of the outer shell, and the three are connected to form an external circulation water cooling system for controlling the temperature of the stator assembly and the inner cavity of the outer shell; An internal circulation water cooling system for controlling the temperature of the rotor assembly is formed between the rear sealing cover and the rotor assembly; in; A liquid inlet cavity for adding coolant is formed in the rear sealing cover, an inner sealing shell is integrally formed on the inner side wall of the liquid inlet cavity along the rotation axis, a liquid outlet cavity for outputting coolant is formed in the inner sealing shell, and a second liquid inlet pipe opening and a second liquid outlet pipe opening are integrally formed on the outer surface of the rear sealing cover which are connected to the liquid inlet cavity and the liquid outlet cavity; The rotor assembly includes a rotor shaft rotatably installed between the front sealing cover and the rear sealing cover and a rotor core formed by stacking rotor punching sheets, a positioning wing is integrally formed on the rotor shaft, an inner ring channel is opened around the rotor shaft, a side wall channel connected to the inner ring channel is opened in the positioning wing, a central return channel connected to one end of the inner ring channel in a circular shape is opened in the rotor shaft along the axis line, the rotor shaft extends into the liquid outlet cavity, and a liquid inlet hole connected to the inner ring channel is opened around a section of the surface of the rotor shaft located in the liquid inlet cavity; a cooling passage is formed along the liquid inlet cavity, the inner ring channel, and the side wall channel, and the inner circulation water cooling system is discharged from the central return channel and the liquid outlet cavity.

[0009] As a preferred solution, a sealing bearing rotatably connected to the power output end of the rotor shaft is fixedly embedded in the center of the front sealing cover, and a second water-sealed bearing and a first water-sealed bearing rotatably connected to the other end of the rotor shaft are fixedly embedded in the rear sealing cover and the inner wall of the inner sealing shell.

[0010] As a preferred solution, the stator assembly includes a stator core fixedly embedded in the outer shell, a winding coil wrapped around the stator core, and a positioning heat-conducting ring for heat conduction and positioning is fixedly embedded between the outer wall of the stator core and the inner wall of the outer shell.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, a circumferential array of outer magnet slots and inner magnet slots parallel to each other are provided on the rotor punching sheets, the outer magnet slots and the inner magnet slots are in a V shape, and are stacked with permanent magnets embedded therein. A central through slot is provided through the center of the rotor punching sheets, and a snap-in slot connected to the central through slot is provided perpendicularly to the center of the outer magnet slots and the inner magnet slots. The rotor punching sheets are nested and stacked on the positioning wings through the snap-in slots, and a positioning mechanism is provided between them.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the positioning mechanism includes a positioning edge integrally formed on the edge of the snap-fit ​​groove and a positioning edge groove stacked on the surface of the positioning wing, the top of the positioning edge groove is stacked to form a V-shaped positioning groove, and the end of the edge of the snap-fit ​​groove is integrally formed with a V-shaped clip, the positioning edge and the V-shaped clip are respectively embedded and installed in the positioning edge groove and the V-shaped positioning groove for positioning the rotor punching.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, connecting holes are provided at the center of the V-shaped clip and at the edge of the rotor punching sheet, and a locking through hole stacked with the connecting punching hole is penetrated through the end of the positioning wing, and a locking screw for reinforcing the stacked state of the rotor punching sheets is connected between the stacked locking through holes and the connecting punching holes.

[0014] As a preferred solution, a control module is installed on the outer shell, and a temperature control system is adapted, which includes: A data acquisition module, used to collect the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid inlet and the second liquid inlet, the reflux temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid outlet, the first liquid outlet, and the second liquid outlet, and collect the speed of the motor in this state; A data processing module, which analyzes the actual temperatures of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly in this state according to the collected initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant and the return temperature and flow rate; A temperature monitoring module, which monitors the heating state of the motor according to the measured actual temperatures of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly and the speed of the motor in this state, and based on a preset temperature range of the motor at the speed; The temperature balancing module regulates the temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly according to the heating state of the motor and the actual temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly in this state, and based on a preset adaptation temperature value in this state.

[0015] As a preferred solution, the data acquisition module obtains the initial temperature, flow rate and reflux temperature and flow rate of the coolant by installing flow rate monitors and temperature monitors at the first liquid inlet, the first liquid outlet, the second liquid outlet and the second liquid inlet.

[0016] As a preferred solution, the data processing module constructs a temperature compensation model through experimental data, and uses the temperature compensation model to calculate the actual temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly in this state based on the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant and the reflux temperature and flow rate.

[0017] As a preferred solution, the temperature balance module controls the temperature by controlling the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant.

[0018] The technical effects achieved by the present invention are: The present invention provides an external circulation water cooling system in the outer shell, and an internal circulation water cooling system between the rear sealing cover and the rotor assembly. At the same time, the permanent magnet can directly contact the internal circulation water cooling system, so that the permanent magnet can be directly cooled, thereby ensuring that the motor can work in a good temperature state, reducing the possibility of demagnetization of the permanent magnet, and improving the service life of the motor.

[0019] By setting up a temperature control system, the present invention can measure the temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly under the actual working state according to the external circulation water cooling system and the internal circulation water cooling system, and at the same time determine the working state of the motor, and adjust the temperature of the stator assembly and the rotor assembly based on the preset adaptation temperature value under this state, so that the actual working state of the motor and the body temperature can be well balanced, ensuring that the motor can output stably and reducing the occurrence of performance degradation.

[0020] The present invention provides positioning wings, which not only directly contact the permanent magnets to improve the internal circulation water cooling efficiency, but also stack positioning edge grooves and V-shaped positioning grooves on the surfaces thereof, so that the positioning wings can be engaged with the positioning edges and connecting punching holes on the rotor punching sheets, so that the rotor core formed by the stacking of the rotor punching sheets will not generate lateral displacement on the rotor shaft. At the same time, the engagement of the engaging grooves with the positioning wings also avoids longitudinal relative rotational deviation, thereby ensuring the working stability of the motor, ensuring the rotational balance, and making the kinetic energy output more stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is an exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded view of the outer shell in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is an exploded view of a rotor assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 The present invention Figure 6 A magnified view of the part in the middle; Figure 8 is a transverse cross-sectional view of a rotor shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 The present invention Figure 8 A magnified view of the part in middle B; Fig.10 is a longitudinal sectional view of a rotor shaft in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 is a combined sectional view of a rear sealing cover and a rotor assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 is a combined side view of a stator core and a rotor assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor core in an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the rotor punching in the embodiment of the present invention; Fig.15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature control system in the embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are listed as follows: 1. Outer shell; 11. Spiral water cooling channel; 12. First liquid inlet; 13. First liquid outlet; 14. Control module; 2. Front sealing cover; 21. Sealed bearings; 3. Rear sealing cover; 31. Liquid inlet cavity; 32. Inner sealing shell; 33. Liquid outlet cavity; 34. Second liquid outlet pipe opening; 35. Second liquid inlet pipe opening; 36. First water-sealed bearing; 37. Second water-sealed bearing; 4. Stator assembly; 41. stator core; 42. winding coil; 43. positioning heat-conducting ring; 5. Rotor assembly; 51, rotor shaft; 511, positioning wing; 512, inner ring channel; 513, side wall channel; 514, central reflux channel; 515, liquid inlet hole; 516, positioning side groove; 517, V-shaped positioning groove; 518, locking through hole; 52, rotor punching sheet; 521, outer magnet slot; 522, inner magnet slot; 523, center through slot; 524, snap-in slot; 525, positioning edge; 526, V-shaped clip; 527, connection punching hole; 53. Locking screw; 54. Permanent magnet; 6. Temperature control system; 61. Data acquisition module; 62. Data processing module; 63. Temperature monitoring module; 64. Temperature balance module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the following text is only used to describe one or several specific embodiments of the present invention, and does not strictly limit the scope of protection of the specific claims of the present invention.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 15 As shown, a permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles includes an outer shell 1, a front sealing cover 2 and a rear sealing cover 3 installed at both ends of the outer shell 1, and a stator assembly 4 and a rotor assembly 5 embedded and installed in the outer shell 1; an external circulation water cooling system is formed in the outer shell 1 for controlling the temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the inner cavity of the outer shell 1, and an internal circulation water cooling system is formed between the rear sealing cover 3 and the rotor assembly 5 for controlling the temperature of the rotor assembly 5, so as to achieve the effect of balancing the working temperature of the body and ensuring the stable output of kinetic energy.

[0025] See attached Figure 2 and Figure 4 A spiral water cooling channel 11 is formed in the outer shell 1, and a first liquid inlet pipe port 12 and a first liquid outlet pipe port 13 connected to the spiral water cooling channel 11 are integrally formed on the surface of the outer shell 1. The three are connected to form an external circulation water cooling system. The cooling oil inlet pipeline is connected through the first liquid inlet pipe port 12, and the cooling oil outlet pipeline is connected through the first liquid outlet pipe port 13, so that the cooling oil can flow in a spiral in the spiral water cooling channel 11, thereby absorbing the temperature transmitted from the body of the outer shell 1 to achieve cooling of the body.

[0026] See attached Figure 2 and Figure 3The stator assembly 4 includes a stator core 41 fixedly embedded in the outer shell 1 and a winding coil 42 wrapped around the stator core 41. A positioning heat-conducting ring 43 for heat conduction and positioning is fixedly embedded between the outer wall of the stator core 41 and the inner wall of the outer shell 1. When the stator assembly 4 is positioned and installed, a heat-conducting bridge can be formed between the stator core 41 and the spiral water-cooling channel 11, so that the temperature of the stator assembly 4 can be directly regulated by the external circulation water cooling system. At the same time, the temperature change of the cooling oil in the external circulation water cooling system can more intuitively reflect the temperature change of the stator assembly 4, which is convenient for monitoring the temperature of the stator assembly 4.

[0027] See attached Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Figure 5 The rotor assembly 5 includes a rotor shaft 51 rotatably installed between the front sealing cover 2 and the rear sealing cover 3 and a rotor core formed by stacking rotor punchings 52, and a permanent magnet 54 is embedded in the rotor core. At the same time, a sealed bearing 21 rotatably connected to the power output end of the rotor shaft 51 is fixedly embedded in the center of the front sealing cover 2, and a second water-sealed bearing 37 rotatably connected to the other end of the rotor shaft 51 is fixedly embedded in the inner wall of the rear sealing cover 3. By rotatably connecting the rotor shaft 51 between the sealed bearing 21 and the second water-sealed bearing 37, and positioning the rotor core in the stator core 41, the rotating magnetic field generated between the two interacts with the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 54 to generate torque, thereby realizing the rotation of the rotor assembly 5.

[0028] See attached Figure 2 , Figure 3 as well as Fig.11 In order to form an internal circulation water cooling system between the rear sealing cover 3 and the rotor assembly 5, a liquid inlet cavity 31 for adding coolant is formed in the rear sealing cover 3, and an inner sealing shell 32 is integrally formed on the inner side wall of the liquid inlet cavity 31 along the rotation axis, and a liquid outlet cavity 33 for outputting coolant is formed therein, and a second liquid inlet pipe port 35 and a second liquid outlet pipe port 34 are integrally formed on the outer surface of the rear sealing cover 3 to communicate with the liquid inlet cavity 31 and the liquid outlet cavity 33, so as to facilitate the entry and discharge of cooling oil in the internal circulation water cooling system.

[0029] In contrast, a positioning wing 511 is integrally formed on the rotor shaft 51. An inner ring channel 512 is formed around the rotor shaft 51, and a side wall channel 513 connected to the inner ring channel 512 is formed in the positioning wing 511. At the same time, a central return channel 514 connected to one end of the inner ring channel 512 is formed along the axis of the rotor shaft 51. The rotor shaft 51 is extended into the liquid outlet cavity 33 so that the central return channel 514 is connected to the liquid outlet cavity 33. In addition, a liquid inlet hole 515 connected to the inner ring channel 512 is formed around a section of the surface of the rotor shaft 51 located in the liquid inlet cavity 31 so that it is connected to the liquid inlet cavity 31. In this way, an internal circulation water cooling system (such as the attached) can be formed along a cooling passage passing through the liquid inlet cavity 31, the inner ring channel 512, and the side wall channel 513, and the cooling oil is discharged from the central return channel 514 and the liquid outlet cavity 33. Fig.11 shown by the dashed line).

[0030] Furthermore, the rear sealing cover 3 and the inner wall of the inner sealing shell 32 are fixedly embedded with a second water-sealed bearing 37 and a first water-sealed bearing 36 rotatably connected to the rotor shaft 51, which can be used to seal and isolate the liquid inlet cavity 31 and the liquid outlet cavity 33 respectively, thereby realizing the circulation of cooling oil.

[0031] See attached Figure 5 as well as Figure 12-14 The rotor punching sheet 52 is provided with a circumferential array of outer magnet slots 521 and inner magnet slots 522 which are parallel to each other. The outer magnet slots 521 and the inner magnet slots 522 are in a V shape, and the permanent magnets 54 are embedded in the outer magnet slots 521 and the inner magnet slots 522 which are stacked on each other. At the same time, a central through slot 523 is provided through the center of the rotor punching sheet 52 for sleeve connection with the rotor shaft 51. A clamping slot 524 which is connected to the central through slot 523 is provided vertically at the center of the outer magnet slots 521 and the inner magnet slots 522. The clamping slot 524 is used to connect the rotor shaft 51 to the rotor shaft 51. The rotor punchings 52 are nested and stacked on the positioning wings 511, and the permanent magnets 54 can directly contact the positioning wings 511. In this way, when the cooling oil flows through the side wall channel 513 inside it, it can directly absorb the temperature of the surface of the permanent magnets 54, thereby achieving direct cooling of the permanent magnets 54. At the same time, the rotor punchings 52 are also directly in contact with the positioning wings 511, thereby achieving more efficient and intuitive temperature control of the rotor assembly 5; secondly, the temperature change of the cooling oil can more intuitively reflect the temperature of the rotor assembly 5, which is convenient for temperature monitoring thereof.

[0032] In this embodiment, there are four groups of outer magnet slots 521 and inner magnet slots 522 arranged in a circumferential array on the surface of the rotor punching 52 ; of course, in other embodiments, the number of arrays may be selected according to specific needs and designs.

[0033] See attached Figure 6-Figure 8 as well as Figure 13-14 In order to ensure the stable connection between the rotor punching 52 and the rotor shaft 51, a positioning edge 525 is integrally formed on the edge of the clamping groove 524, and a positioning edge groove 516 is formed on the surface of the positioning wing 511 by stacking gaskets, and a V-shaped positioning groove 517 is stacked at the top of the positioning edge groove 516, and a V-shaped clip 526 is integrally formed on the edge end of the clamping groove 524. The rotor punching 52 can be positioned by embedding the positioning edge 525 and the V-shaped clip 526 in the positioning edge groove 516 and the V-shaped positioning groove 517 respectively, so that the rotor punchings 52 can be overlapped and positioned with each other, and the positioning of each rotor punching 52 is realized, so that it cannot be laterally displaced along the rotor shaft 51; at the same time, the mutual clamping of the positioning wing 511 and the clamping groove 524 avoids the longitudinal relative rotation offset, and the cooperation between the two ensures the stability of the motor operation, keeps the rotation balance, and the kinetic energy output is more stable.

[0034] Among them, the thickness of the positioning edge 525 is half of the total thickness of the rotor punching 52, and the thickness of the gasket between the V-shaped positioning grooves 517 is also half of the total thickness of the rotor punching 52. In this way, each rotor punching 52 can be positioned, and at the same time, the stability of the rotor punchings 52 overlapping each other can be ensured, so that they can fit tightly together.

[0035] See attached Figure 13-14 In order to further improve the stacking stability of the stacking sheets, a connecting punching hole 527 is provided at the center of the V-shaped clip 526 and the edge of the rotor punching sheet 52. At the same time, a locking through hole 518 stacked with the connecting punching hole 527 is penetrated through the end of the positioning wing 511. A locking screw 53 for reinforcing the stacking state of the rotor punching sheets 52 is connected between the stacked locking through holes 518 and the connecting punching holes 527. In this way, the locking screw 53 cooperates with the nut to not only lock the stacked rotor punching sheets 52, but also lock them with the positioning wing 511 as a whole, which greatly improves the combined stability and mechanical strength of the rotor core and the rotor shaft 51, so that it can maintain structural stability during high-speed operation, thereby ensuring the stability of the motor kinetic energy output.

[0036] See attached Figure 1-Figure 2 The outer shell 1 is provided with a control module 14 and is adapted with a temperature control system 6, which includes: The data acquisition module 61 is used to collect the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid inlet 12 and the second liquid inlet 35, and the reflux temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid outlet 13 and the first liquid outlet 13 and the second liquid outlet 34, and collect the speed of the motor in this state.

[0037] The data acquisition module 61 obtains the initial temperature, flow rate, reflux temperature and flow rate of the coolant by installing flow rate monitors and temperature monitors at the first liquid inlet 12, the first liquid outlet 13, the second liquid outlet 34 and the second liquid inlet 35, and transmits the above data to the data processing module 62 after obtaining them.

[0038] The data processing module 62 analyzes the actual temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in this state according to the collected initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant and the return temperature and flow rate.

[0039] In the data processing module 62, a temperature compensation model is constructed by experimental data, and the actual temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in this state is calculated using the temperature compensation model based on the initial temperature, flow rate, and reflux temperature and flow rate of the coolant. The temperature compensation model can be constructed using an AI temperature compensation model, and the model processing is performed based on one of the SOC chips, FPGA chips, CPLD chips, or ASIC chips. At the same time, the actual initial coolant temperature, flow rate, reflux temperature, and flow rate data obtained during the experiment and the actual temperature values ​​of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in this state are used to train the model, so that it can truly reflect the actual temperature conditions of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in actual applications.

[0040] The temperature monitoring module 63 monitors the heating state of the motor according to the measured actual temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 and the speed of the motor in this state, and based on the preset temperature range of the motor at this speed; and classifies the motor state into a low temperature state, a balanced state and a high temperature state, and performs temperature balance in different modes according to different heating states. For example: in a low temperature state, it is necessary to reduce heat dissipation to achieve a balanced state, in a balanced state, it is necessary to maintain the heat dissipation state, and in a high temperature state, it is necessary to speed up heat dissipation to achieve balanced heat dissipation.

[0041] The temperature balancing module 64 regulates the temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 according to the heating state of the motor and the actual temperature of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in this state, and based on a preset adaptation temperature value in this state.

[0042] Among them, the temperature balance module 64 controls the temperature by controlling the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant. The change in the initial temperature of the coolant is used to change the amount of heat absorbed. At the same time, the flow rate can control the heat exchange rate, thereby changing the heat dissipation efficiency and achieving temperature control of the stator assembly 4 and the rotor assembly 5 in low-temperature state, equilibrium state and high-temperature state.

[0043] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered as the protection scope of the present invention. The structures, devices and operating methods not specifically described and explained in the present invention shall be implemented according to the conventional means in the art unless otherwise specified and limited.

Claims

1. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: It comprises an outer shell (1), a front sealing cover (2) and a rear sealing cover (3) installed at two ends of the outer shell (1), and a stator assembly (4) and a rotor assembly (5) embedded in the outer shell (1); A spiral water cooling channel (11) is formed in the outer shell (1), and a first liquid inlet (12) and a first liquid outlet (13) connected to the spiral water cooling channel (11) are integrally formed on the surface of the outer shell (1), and the three are connected to form an external circulation water cooling system for controlling the temperature of the stator assembly (4) and the inner cavity of the outer shell (1); An internal circulation water cooling system for controlling the temperature of the rotor assembly (5) is formed between the rear sealing cover (3) and the rotor assembly (5).

2. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A liquid inlet cavity (31) for adding cooling liquid is formed in the rear sealing cover (3), an inner sealing shell (32) is integrally formed on the inner side wall of the liquid inlet cavity (31) along the rotation axis, a liquid outlet cavity (33) for outputting cooling liquid is formed in the inner sealing shell (32), and a second liquid inlet pipe opening (35) and a second liquid outlet pipe opening (34) are integrally formed on the outer surface of the rear sealing cover (3) which is connected to the liquid inlet cavity (31) and the liquid outlet cavity (33).

3. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rotor assembly (5) comprises a rotor shaft (51) rotatably mounted between the front sealing cover (2) and the rear sealing cover (3), and a rotor core formed by stacking rotor punchings (52); a positioning wing (511) is integrally formed on the rotor shaft (51); an inner ring channel (512) is provided around the rotor shaft (51); a side wall channel (513) connected to the inner ring channel (512) is provided in the positioning wing (511); and a side wall channel (513) connected to the inner ring channel (512) is provided in the rotor shaft (51) along the axis. A central return channel (514) is connected in a circular shape at one end, the rotor shaft (51) extends into the liquid outlet cavity (33), and a liquid inlet hole (515) connected to the inner ring channel (512) is formed around a surface of the rotor shaft (51) located in the liquid inlet cavity (31); a cooling passage is formed along the liquid inlet cavity (31), the inner ring channel (512), and the side wall channel (513), and the inner circulation water cooling system is used to discharge the cooling liquid through the central return channel (514) and the liquid outlet cavity (33).

4. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: A sealing bearing (21) rotatably connected to the power output end of the rotor shaft (51) is fixedly embedded in the center of the front sealing cover (2), and a second water-sealing bearing (37) and a first water-sealing bearing (36) rotatably connected to the other end of the rotor shaft (51) are fixedly embedded in the rear sealing cover (3) and the inner wall of the inner sealing shell (32).

5. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stator assembly (4) comprises a stator core (41) fixedly embedded in the outer shell (1), a winding coil (42) surrounding the stator core (41), and a positioning heat-conducting ring (43) for heat conduction and positioning is fixedly embedded between the outer wall of the stator core (41) and the inner wall of the outer shell (1).

6. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotor punching sheet (52) is provided with outer layer magnet slots (521) and inner layer magnet slots (522) which are parallel to each other in a circumferential array; the outer layer magnet slots (521) and the inner layer magnet slots (522) are in a V shape and are stacked with permanent magnets (54) embedded therein; a central through slot (523) is provided through the center of the rotor punching sheet (52); a clamping slot (524) which is connected to the central through slot (523) is vertically provided at the center of the outer layer magnet slots (521) and the inner layer magnet slots (522); the rotor punching sheets (52) are nested and stacked on the positioning wings (511) through the clamping slots (524), and a positioning mechanism is provided between them.

7. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The positioning mechanism comprises a positioning edge (525) integrally formed on the edge of the clamping groove (524) and a positioning edge groove (516) stacked and formed on the surface of the positioning wing (511); a V-shaped positioning groove (517) is stacked at the top of the positioning edge groove (516); a V-shaped clip (526) is integrally formed at the edge end of the clamping groove (524); the positioning edge (525) and the V-shaped clip (526) are respectively embedded and installed in the positioning edge groove (516) and the V-shaped positioning groove (517) for positioning the rotor punching sheet (52).

8. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 7, characterized in that: A connecting punch hole (527) is provided at the center of the V-shaped clip (526) and at the edge of the rotor punch (52); a locking through hole (518) is provided through the end of the positioning wing (511) and is stacked with the connecting punch hole (527); a locking screw (53) is connected between the stacked locking through hole (518) and the connecting punch hole (527) for reinforcing the stacked state of the rotor punch (52).

9. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer shell (1) is provided with a control module (14) and is adapted to be equipped with a temperature control system (6), which comprises: A data acquisition module (61) is used to acquire the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid inlet (12) and the second liquid inlet (35), the return temperature and flow rate of the coolant at the first liquid outlet (13) and the first liquid outlet (13) and the second liquid outlet (34), and to acquire the rotation speed of the motor in this state; A data processing module (62) analyzes the actual temperatures of the stator assembly (4) and the rotor assembly (5) in this state according to the collected initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant and the return temperature and flow rate; A temperature monitoring module (63) monitors the heating state of the motor according to the measured actual temperatures of the stator assembly (4) and the rotor assembly (5) and the rotational speed of the motor in this state, and based on a preset temperature range of the motor at this rotational speed; The temperature balancing module (64) regulates the temperature of the stator component (4) and the rotor component (5) according to the heating state of the motor and the actual temperature of the stator component (4) and the rotor component (5) in this state, and based on a preset adaptation temperature value in this state.

10. A permanent magnet synchronous motor for new energy vehicles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The data acquisition module (61) obtains the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant as well as the return temperature and flow rate by installing flow rate monitors and temperature monitors at the first liquid inlet (12), the first liquid outlet (13), the second liquid outlet (34) and the second liquid inlet (35); The data processing module (62) constructs a temperature compensation model through experimental data, and uses the temperature compensation model to calculate the actual temperature of the stator component (4) and the rotor component (5) in this state based on the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant and the return temperature and flow rate; The temperature balancing module (64) controls the temperature by controlling the initial temperature and flow rate of the coolant.

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