Gear shifting circuit and measuring system

Abstract

The invention discloses a gear shifting circuit and a measuring system. The gear shifting circuit comprises a voltage adjusting module, a voltage maintaining module, a feedback adjusting module, an output module, a first switch, a second switch and a third switch. The voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting the first control voltage and the second control voltage to be consistent; the voltage maintaining module is used for storing electric quantity when the second end of the first switch is connected with the first end of the first switch, and maintaining the voltage of the second end of the first switch as a controlled voltage when the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end of the first switch; the feedback adjustment module is used for carrying out phase reversal processing on a signal output by the voltage adjustment module when the first end of the third switch is connected with the second end of the third switch, and carrying out comparison adjustment on the signal subjected to phase reversal processing and a reference voltage so as to adjust the second control voltage and enable the second control voltage to be consistent with the first control voltage; and the output module is used for providing output voltage according to a signal accessed by the second switch. According to the invention, voltage jitter can be avoided, parameter interference on the tested device is avoided, and the reliability of the measurement system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of circuit technology, and in particular to a gear shifting circuit and a measuring system. Background Art

[0002] During the source meter measurement and output voltage process, since the test voltage has a large range from 500mV (millivolts) to 200V (volts), multiple gears need to be switched to improve the measurement and control accuracy of small voltages. However, when automatically outputting and measuring linear changes of different voltages, different suitable gears need to be switched according to different voltage values. Therefore, during the voltage shifting process, due to the time response of the switching device and the speed of the output control voltage, there will inevitably be a short-term jitter problem of discontinuous changes in the output voltage during the switching process. For precision instruments such as source meters, common test devices are very sensitive to current and voltage. If voltage jitter occurs during the switching of voltage gears, it will easily interfere with the parameters of the device under test and even damage the device. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present application provides a shifting circuit and a measuring system to solve the problem of voltage jitter occurring during the switching of traditional voltage gears.

[0004] The present application provides a shifting circuit, the shifting circuit comprising a voltage regulating module, a voltage maintaining module, a feedback adjustment module, an output module, a first switch, a second switch and a third switch;

[0005] The first end of the voltage regulating module is used to access the first control voltage, the second end is used to access the second control voltage, and the third end is respectively connected to the first end of the first switch and the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module; the first end of the voltage holding module is connected to the second end of the first switch, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second switch; the first end of the output module is connected to the second end of the second switch, and the second end is used to provide the output voltage; the first end of the feedback adjustment module is used to access the second control voltage and connected to the third end of the second switch, the second end is connected to the first end of the third switch, the third end is connected to the second end of the third switch, and the fourth end is used to access the reference voltage; the third end of the third switch is used to access the output sampling voltage;

[0006] The voltage regulating module is used to adjust the first control voltage and the second control voltage to be consistent;

[0007] The voltage maintaining module is used to store electricity when the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end thereof, and to maintain the voltage of the second end of the first switch at a controlled voltage when the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end;

[0008] The feedback adjustment module is used for inverting the signal output by the voltage regulation module when the first end of the third switch is connected to the second end thereof, and comparing and adjusting the inverted signal with a reference voltage to adjust the second control voltage so that the second control voltage is consistent with the first control voltage;

[0009] The output module is used to provide an output voltage according to a signal connected to the second switch.

[0010] Optionally, the voltage regulating module includes a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first capacitor; the first input end of the first operational amplifier serves as the first end of the voltage regulating module, and is used to access the first control voltage, and the second input end is respectively connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the second resistor; the first end of the first resistor serves as the second end of the voltage regulating module, and is used to access the second control voltage, and the second end is connected to the first input end of the second operational amplifier; the second input end of the second operational amplifier is respectively connected to the second end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor, and the output end serves as the third end of the voltage regulating module, and is respectively connected to the first end of the first switch, the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module and the first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the third resistor.

[0011] Optionally, the voltage maintaining module includes a third operational amplifier, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; the first input end of the third operational amplifier serves as the first end of the voltage maintaining module, and is respectively connected to the second end of the first switch and the first end of the second capacitor, and the second input end is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor; the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the ground; the second end of the fourth resistor serves as the second end of the voltage maintaining module, and is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch, the first end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the sixth resistor; the second end of the fifth resistor is used to access the first voltage; the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the analog ground.

[0012] Optionally, the feedback adjustment module includes a fourth operational amplifier, a fifth operational amplifier, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor and a third capacitor; the first end of the thirteenth resistor is used as the first end of the feedback adjustment module to access the second control voltage, and is respectively connected to the third end of the second switch, the first end of the fourteenth resistor and the first end of the fifteenth resistor, and the second end is respectively connected to the output end of the fifth operational amplifier and the first end of the third capacitor; the second end of the fourteenth resistor is used to access the first gear voltage; the second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the analog ground end; the first input end of the fifth operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor and the first end of the tenth resistor, and the second input end is respectively connected to The first end of the eleventh resistor and the first end of the twelfth resistor are connected; the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the ground; the second end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor; the second end of the tenth resistor serves as the fourth end of the feedback adjustment module, which is used to access the reference voltage; the second end of the ninth resistor serves as the second end of the feedback adjustment module, which is connected to the first end of the third switch; the first input end of the fourth operational amplifier is connected to the ground, the second input end is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the eighth resistor, and the output end serves as the third end of the feedback adjustment module, which is respectively connected to the second end of the third switch and the second end of the seventh resistor; the second end of the eighth resistor serves as the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module, which is connected to the third end of the voltage regulation module.

[0013] Optionally, the output module includes a sixth operational amplifier, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a twentieth resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a first transistor and a second transistor; the first input end of the sixth operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the second switch as the first end of the output module, and the second input end is respectively connected to the output end of the sixth operational amplifier, the output end of the first diode and the input end of the second diode; the base of the first transistor is respectively connected to the input end of the first diode and the first end of the sixteenth resistor, the collector is used as a forward voltage output end to provide a forward voltage and is connected to the second end of the sixteenth resistor, and the emitter is connected to the first end of the seventeenth resistor; the second end of the seventeenth resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the eighteenth resistor and the first end of the twentieth resistor; the base of the second diode is respectively connected to the output end of the second diode and the first end of the nineteenth resistor, the collector is used as a negative voltage output end to provide a negative voltage and is connected to the second end of the nineteenth resistor, and the emitter is connected to the second end of the eighteenth resistor; the second end of the twentieth resistor can be used as the voltage sampling end of the output module and is connected to the analog ground end.

[0014] Optionally, the shifting circuit also includes a voltage sampling module; the first end of the voltage sampling module is connected to the voltage sampling end of the output module, and the second end is connected to the third end of the third switch to sample the output voltage of the output module and output the corresponding output sampling voltage.

[0015] Optionally, the voltage sampling module includes a seventh operational amplifier, a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a twenty-third resistor; the first input terminal of the seventh operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the twenty-first resistor, the first end of the twenty-second resistor and the first end of the twenty-third resistor, and the second input terminal serves as the second end of the voltage sampling module, and is respectively connected to the output end of the seventh operational amplifier and the third end of the third switch; the second end of the twenty-first resistor is connected to the ground terminal; the second end of the twenty-second resistor is used to access the first voltage; the first end of the twenty-third resistor is connected to the analog ground terminal as the first end of the voltage sampling module.

[0016] Optionally, the shifting circuit further includes a control module; the control module is used to adjust the reference voltage after the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end, so that the reference voltage matches the voltage after the shifting.

[0017] The present application also provides a measurement system, which includes any one of the above-mentioned shifting circuits.

[0018] In the above-mentioned shifting circuit and measuring system of the present application, the voltage holding module can store electricity when the second end of the first switch is connected to its first end, and when the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end, the voltage of the second end of the first switch is maintained as a controlled voltage, and the feedback adjustment module can assist the voltage regulation module in inverting the signal output by the voltage regulation module when the first end of the third switch is connected to its second end, and compare and adjust the signal after inversion with the reference voltage to adjust the second control voltage so that the second control voltage is consistent with the first control voltage, so that the output voltage of the output module remains stable when the first switch is switched, and when the second end of the second switch is connected to its third end, the input voltage of the output module driven to be the second control voltage does not change, and the output voltage of the output module does not change, so when the first end of the third switch is connected to its second end to realize the overall shifting, the output will not be disturbed, and jitter can be avoided in the process of the output module outputting the voltage signal. It can be seen that the above-mentioned shifting circuit can avoid voltage jitter, avoid parameter interference to the device under test, and improve the reliability of the measurement system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0020] Figure 1 It is the structural block diagram of the shifting circuit in the research process;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the shifting circuit structure during the research process;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the shift circuit structure of an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the shift circuit structure of another embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the shift circuit structure of another embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application are clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and their technical features can be combined with each other.

[0026] The inventor studied the shifting circuit in the source meter measurement system and found that the structure of some shifting circuits can refer to Figure 1 As shown, it includes multiple parts such as adjustment circuit, drive circuit, output load, input detection and drive power supply. Its main function is a precision power output and detection system, in which the control voltage includes an adjustable reference voltage. The output feedback voltage of the input detection circuit is compared and adjusted by the adjustment circuit to generate a drive voltage. The midpoint potential of the drive power supply is controlled by the drive circuit to generate an output voltage, and finally the output drives the load to achieve precise power output control. The input detection circuit also serves as a component for measuring the output voltage, and the output voltage can be displayed through an A / D converter. Figure 2 Can be achieved Figure 1The circuit diagram of the shifting circuit is shown in FIG. 1 , in which the op amp U2 is used to drive the buffer of the output tube. In order to use a unified control voltage for output adjustment, it is divided into two shifting parts. The first shifting part is composed of R11, R13, and R14, and the second shifting part is composed of R10, R6, and R7. They are switched to AGND through switches. The 200V gear is switched here. The output is controlled by the reference voltage VREF, which can generate a relatively high voltage on the output load R5. The shifting circuit in the driving amplifier part is to control the output of a higher voltage with a small voltage. The other input shifting circuit is used to switch the output high voltage into a small voltage output, which is conducive to the adjustment of the control circuit. It can be seen from this that during the shifting process, due to the switching of the step resistors, the adjustment speed of the control loop is limited, and the switching transient current and high impedance state will appear in the middle, which will inevitably cause the output voltage jitter. In particular, the voltage jitter between the second shift resistors R6, R7, and R10 will directly interfere with the stability of the output voltage.

[0027] In view of the above problems, a first aspect of the present application provides a gear shifting circuit, which can be used in the gear shifting process of a measurement system such as a source meter measurement.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 As shown, the shift circuit includes a voltage regulating module 110, a voltage maintaining module 120, a feedback adjusting module 130, an output module 140, a first switch K1, a second switch K2 and a third switch K3.

[0029] The first end of the voltage regulating module 110 is used to connect to the first control voltage MAIN_IN1, the second end is used to connect to the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and the third end is respectively connected to the first end of the first switch K1 and the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module 130. The first end of the voltage holding module 120 is connected to the second end of the first switch K1, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second switch K2. The first end of the output module 140 is connected to the second end of the second switch K2, and the second end is used to provide an output voltage, such as a reference voltage. Figure 4 As shown, the second end of the output module 140 may include a positive voltage output end (for providing a positive voltage +VCC) and a negative voltage output end (for providing a negative voltage -VCC) to output corresponding voltage signals respectively. The first end of the feedback adjustment module 130 is used to access the second control voltage and is connected to the third end of the second switch K2, the second end is connected to the first end of the third switch K3, the third end is connected to the second end of the third switch K3, and the fourth end is used to access the reference voltage VREF. The third end of the third switch K3 is used to access the output sampling voltage VOUT_IN.

[0030] The voltage regulating module 110 is used to adjust the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 to be consistent;

[0031] The voltage maintaining module 120 is used to store electricity when the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first end thereof, and to maintain the voltage of the second end of the first switch K1 at a controlled voltage (e.g., a voltage consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 or the second control voltage MAIN_IN2) when the second end of the first switch K1 is switched to the third end (wherein the third end of the first switch K1 may be suspended);

[0032] The feedback adjustment module 130 is used to invert the signal output by the voltage regulation module 110 when the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to the second end thereof, and compare and adjust the inverted signal MAIN_LOOP with the reference voltage VREF to adjust the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 so that the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 is consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1;

[0033] The output module 140 is used to provide an output voltage according to the signal connected by the second switch K2.

[0034] The working process of the above-mentioned shifting circuit includes several stages such as before shifting, during shifting and after shifting. The working characteristics of the shifting circuit in each stage are as follows:

[0035] Before shifting gears, the first end of the first switch K1 is connected to the second end so that the first switch K1 is connected to the corresponding control voltage (such as the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 or the second control voltage MAIN_IN2), and the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to the third end so that the third switch K1 is connected to the sampling voltage VOUT_IN. The shifting circuit as a whole works normally according to the original state. At the same time, the first end of the second switch K2 is connected to the second end. The comparison amplifier in the voltage regulation module 110 compares the intermediate potentials of the two shifts and outputs them to the voltage holding module 120. Through the feedback adjustment of the feedback adjustment module 130, the voltage value of the corresponding gear is always kept the same as the voltage value of the output gear.

[0036] When shifting gears, first connect the second end of the first switch K1 to its third end, cut off the first switch K1, and the voltage holding module 120 outputs the previous stable voltage (such as the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 or the second control voltage MAIN_IN2). At the same time, the gear position is also locked to the gear position before the gear shift, so that the voltage output in the gear position is stabilized at the output voltage value of the output shift. In the next step, connect the second end of the second switch K2 to its third end, and switch the second switch K2 to the holding gear position. At this time, the input voltage of the driving output module 140 is the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, which does not change, and the output voltage does not change. Therefore, in the next step, connect the first end of the third switch K3 to its second end, and when the overall gear shift is realized, it will not interfere with the output, and can avoid jitter in the process of the output module 140 outputting the voltage signal. Specifically, the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to its second end, cutting off the input shift, and connected to the output of the comparison amplifier in the voltage regulation module 110. At this time, the two input voltages of the comparison amplifier are still the original two output shift voltages, so that the gear-maintaining voltage output of the second end of the voltage holding module 120 remains fixed. The program for controlling the shift circuit can control the relevant shift port to switch to the required gear. The output adjustment of the comparison amplifier in the voltage regulation module 110 controls the output voltage value after the shift to be the same as the gear-maintaining value in the voltage holding module 120. In this way, after the shift is completed, when each switching switch is switched back, the driving input voltage of the corresponding amplifier does not change, thereby maintaining the stability of the output.

[0037] In addition, since the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to its second end, the input gear shift has been disconnected, and the input gear shift is switched to the required gear at this time, which has no effect on the output. At the same time, the control voltage (such as the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 or the second control voltage MAIN_IN2) should be output according to the original output voltage value of the new gear, so that the voltages at the three terminals of the third switch K3 can be kept the same, and the output voltage can be kept unchanged after the switch is switched back, so as to achieve a smooth gear shift process and avoid the problem of voltage jitter interfering with the stability of the output voltage.

[0038] In some embodiments, the voltage regulation module 110 includes a first operational amplifier U11, a second operational amplifier U12, a first resistor R11, a second resistor R12, a third resistor R13, and a first capacitor C11. The first input terminal (such as the in-phase input terminal) of the first operational amplifier U11 serves as the first terminal of the voltage regulating module 110, and is used to access the first control voltage MAIN_IN1. The second input terminal (such as the inverting input terminal) is respectively connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier U11 and the first terminal of the second resistor R12; the first terminal of the first resistor R11 serves as the second terminal of the voltage regulating module 110, and is used to access the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and the second terminal is connected to the first input terminal (such as the in-phase input terminal) of the second operational amplifier U12; the second input terminal (such as the inverting input terminal) of the second operational amplifier U12 is respectively connected to the second terminal of the second resistor R12 and the first terminal of the third resistor R13, and the output terminal serves as the third terminal of the voltage regulating module 110, and is respectively connected to the first terminal of the first switch K1, the feedback output terminal of the feedback adjustment module 130 and the first terminal of the first capacitor C11; the second terminal of the first capacitor C11 is connected to the second terminal of the third resistor R13.

[0039] Specifically, the first operational amplifier U11 and the second operational amplifier U12 can form a comparison circuit to compare the two shifting voltages of the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and cooperate with the first resistor R11, the second resistor R12, the third resistor R13 and the first capacitor C11 to make the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 consistent, and then output the corresponding electrical signal to charge and discharge the second capacitor C21 in the voltage maintaining module 120.

[0040] In some embodiments, the voltage maintaining module 120 includes a third operational amplifier U21, a second capacitor C21, a fourth resistor R21, a fifth resistor R22, and a sixth resistor R23; the first input end (such as the in-phase input end) of the third operational amplifier U21 serves as the first end of the voltage maintaining module 120, and is respectively connected to the second end of the first switch K1 and the first end of the second capacitor C21, and the second input end (such as the inverting input end) is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier U21 and the first end of the fourth resistor R21; the second end of the second capacitor C21 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the second end of the fourth resistor R21 serves as the second end of the voltage maintaining module 120, and is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch K2, the first end of the fifth resistor R22, and the first end of the sixth resistor R23; the second end of the fifth resistor R22 is used to access the first voltage; the second end of the sixth resistor R23 is connected to the analog ground terminal AGND.

[0041] Optionally, the first voltage level may include a 20V voltage, the second voltage level may include a 200V voltage, and the analog ground terminal AGND may correspond to the second voltage level. In other examples, the analog ground terminal AGND may also correspond to the first voltage level.

[0042] Specifically, the second capacitor C21 can be charged and discharged according to the electrical signal output by the voltage regulation module 110 to store electricity, so that when the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to its third end, that is, when the first switch K1 is cut off, the third operational amplifier U21 and the second capacitor C21 in the voltage holding module 120 form a holding circuit, which drives the fourth resistor R21, the fifth resistor R22 and the sixth resistor R23 in the voltage holding module 120 to output a new control voltage to adjust the first control voltage MAIN_IN1.

[0043] In some embodiments, the feedback adjustment module 130 includes a fourth operational amplifier U31, a fifth operational amplifier U32, a seventh resistor R31, an eighth resistor R32, a ninth resistor R33, a tenth resistor R34, an eleventh resistor R35, a twelfth resistor R36, a thirteenth resistor R37, a fourteenth resistor R38, a fifteenth resistor R39 and a third capacitor C31; the first end of the thirteenth resistor R37 is used as the first end of the feedback adjustment module 130 to access the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and is respectively connected to the third end of the second switch K2, the first end of the fourteenth resistor R38 and the first end of the fifteenth resistor R39, and the second end is respectively connected to the output end of the fifth operational amplifier U32 and the first end of the third capacitor C31; the second end of the fourteenth resistor R38 is used to access the first gear voltage; the second end of the fifteenth resistor R39 is connected to the analog ground AGND; the first input end (as the in-phase input end) of the fifth operational amplifier U32 is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor R33 and the first end of the tenth resistor R34, and the second input The first input terminal (such as the inverting input terminal) of the fourth operational amplifier U31 is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R31 and the first end of the eighth resistor R32, respectively; the second end of the eleventh resistor R35 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the second end of the twelfth resistor R36 is connected to the second end of the third capacitor C31; the second end of the tenth resistor R34 serves as the fourth end of the feedback adjustment module 130, and is used to access the reference voltage VREF; the second end of the ninth resistor R33 serves as the second end of the feedback adjustment module 130, and is connected to the first end of the third switch K3; the first input terminal (such as the in-phase input terminal) of the fourth operational amplifier U31 is connected to the ground terminal GND, the second input terminal (such as the inverting input terminal) is connected to the first end of the seventh resistor R31 and the first end of the eighth resistor R32, and the output terminal serves as the third end of the feedback adjustment module 130, and is connected to the second end of the third switch K3 and the second end of the seventh resistor R31, respectively; the second end of the eighth resistor R32 serves as the feedback output terminal of the feedback adjustment module 130, and is connected to the third end of the voltage regulation module 110.

[0044] The fourth operational amplifier U31 can be combined with the seventh resistor R31 and the eighth resistor R32 to form an inverter, which is connected to the second end of the ninth resistor R33 through the third switch K3. Therefore, during the gear shifting period, the newly connected first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 (i.e., the two shifting voltages) can also be adjusted for consistency, so that the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 are consistent.

[0045] Specifically, the fourth operational amplifier U31 combines with the seventh resistor R31 and the eighth resistor R32 to form an inverter to invert the signal output by the second operational amplifier U12 in the voltage regulation module 110, and the inverted signal MAIN_LOOP enters the fifth operational amplifier U32. The fifth operational amplifier U32 compares and adjusts the signal MAIN_LOOP output by the fourth operational amplifier U31 with the reference voltage VREF, and then outputs an error value MAIN_OUT, which is used to adjust the voltage value of the second control voltage MAIN_IN2; the thirteenth resistor R37, the fourteenth resistor R38 and the fifteenth resistor R39 form a drive shifting part; since the entire loop of the shifting circuit is a negative feedback process, the feedback adjustment module 130 and the voltage regulation module 110 assist each other to finally adjust the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 to be completely consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1.

[0046] In some embodiments, the shifting circuit also includes a control module (not shown in the figure); the control module is used to adjust the reference voltage VREF after switching the second end of the first switch K1 to the third end, that is, starting the shifting, so that the reference voltage VREF matches the voltage after the shifting.

[0047] Optionally, the control module may be implemented using a chip or other structure capable of loading a control program, so as to adjust the reference voltage VREF during gear shifting so that the reference voltage VREF adapts to the voltage output state of the new gear.

[0048] In some examples, Figure 4 The working process is further explained by taking the shifting circuit shown in the figure as an example. Figure 4 The working process of the shifting circuit shown includes:

[0049] Before shifting gears, the first operational amplifier U11 and the second operational amplifier U12 in the voltage regulating module 110 can form a comparison circuit to compare the two shifting voltages of the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and then output the corresponding electrical signal to the second capacitor C21 in the voltage maintaining module 120 for charging and discharging, and then output it to the voltage maintaining module 120 through the third operational amplifier U21 in the voltage maintaining module 120, which is a buffer, so that the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 are consistent. At this time, the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 is a passive adjustment party.

[0050] When starting to shift, first keep the gear position as the gear position before the shift, for example, switch from the 20V gear position to the 200V gear position, and keep the shifting gear position at 20V. Connect the second end of the first switch K1 to its third end, and cut off the first switch K1. Because the input end of the third operational amplifier U21 in the voltage holding module 120 is in a high impedance state, the voltage of the second capacitor C21 can remain stable for a long time, so that the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 is kept unchanged. That is, when shifting, first connect the second end of the first switch K1 to its third end, cut off the first switch K1, and the third operational amplifier U21 and the second capacitor C21 in the voltage holding module 120 form a holding circuit, which drives the fourth resistor R21, the fifth resistor R22 and the sixth resistor R23 in the voltage holding module 120 to output a new control voltage. The first operational amplifier U11 and the second operational amplifier U12 in the voltage regulation module 110 compare and process the newly connected first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and the output voltage value is charged to the second capacitor C21 through the first switch K1, and the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 are controlled to be consistent. The fourth operational amplifier U31 in the feedback adjustment module 130 builds an inverter here, and is connected to the second end of the ninth resistor R33 in the feedback adjustment module 130 through the third switch K3, so that the newly connected first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 (i.e., the two shifting voltages) can also be adjusted for consistency during the shifting period, so that the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 are consistent.

[0051] Then, the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to its third end, so that the first input end of the sixth operational amplifier U41 in the output module 140 is switched to the first control voltage MAIN_IN1. Since the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 are consistent, the input voltage of the sixth operational amplifier U41 in the output module 140 does not change after the switch, so the output end will remain unchanged, and the output can remain stable during the gear shifting process, which is not affected by the gear shifting work and will not cause output jumps.

[0052] When the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to its third end, and the first input end of the sixth operational amplifier U41 in the output module 140 is switched to the first control voltage MAIN_IN1, the output voltage of the output module 140 has remained stable, and then the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to its second end, and the third switch K3 is switched to the output end of the fourth operational amplifier U31 in the feedback adjustment module 130, and the signal MAIN_LOOP is connected. At this time, the adjustment loop in the shifting circuit has been automatically adjusted internally. The first operational amplifier U11 and the second operational amplifier U12 in the voltage regulation module 110 still compare the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2. Since the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 has remained unchanged, the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 becomes the controlled voltage. Since the gear shifting process will inevitably cause the voltage change of the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, the control module corresponding to the gear shifting circuit can adjust the reference voltage VREF to adapt to the voltage output state of the new gear; when the voltage of the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 changes, the second operational amplifier U12 in the voltage regulation module 110 compares the error between the first control voltage MAIN_IN1 and the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, and outputs the adjustment voltage, which enters the fifth operational amplifier U32 in the feedback adjustment module 130 after being inverted by the fourth operational amplifier U31 in the feedback adjustment module 130, and the fifth operational amplifier U32 in the feedback adjustment module 130 is output. The operational amplifier U32 compares and adjusts the signal MAIN_LOOP output by the fourth operational amplifier U31 with the reference voltage VREF, and then outputs the error value MAIN_OUT. The thirteenth resistor R37, the fourteenth resistor R38 and the fifteenth resistor R39 can form a driving shifting part; since the entire loop of the shifting circuit is a negative feedback process, the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 will eventually be adjusted to be completely consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1. At this time, if the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first end, the second switch K2 will be switched back to the original adjustment state, and the driving output voltage will not cause jitter, thereby realizing seamless shifting.

[0053] It can be seen that during the gear shifting period, not only the driving part of the above-mentioned gear shifting circuit is shifting, but also the voltage shifting of the input part is synchronously completed. Since the output sampling voltage VOUT_IN has been disconnected, the gear shifting of the input part has no effect on the output. The control module of the gear shifting circuit readjusts the accurate value of the reference VREF so that the signal MAIN_LOOP and the output sampling voltage VOUT_IN maintain the same voltage. In this way, after the gear shifting is completed, the second end of the third switch K3 is connected to its third end, that is, when switching back, the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 is consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1, and no output jitter is caused.

[0054] In some embodiments, the output module 140 includes a sixth operational amplifier U41, a sixteenth resistor R41, a seventeenth resistor R42, an eighteenth resistor R43, a nineteenth resistor R44, a twentieth resistor R45, a first diode D41, a second diode D41, a first transistor Q41, and a second transistor Q42; the first input end (such as the in-phase input end) of the sixth operational amplifier U41 is connected to the second end of the second switch K2 as the first end of the output module 140, and the second input end (such as the inverting input end) is respectively connected to the output end of the sixth operational amplifier U41, the output end of the first diode D41, and the input end of the second diode D41; the base of the first transistor Q41 is respectively connected to the input end of the first diode D41 and the first end of the sixteenth resistor R41, The collector serves as a positive voltage output terminal for providing a positive voltage +VCC, and is connected to the second end of the sixteenth resistor R41, and the emitter is connected to the first end of the seventeenth resistor R42; the second end of the seventeenth resistor R42 is respectively connected to the first end of the eighteenth resistor R43 and the first end of the twentieth resistor R45; the base of the second diode D41 is respectively connected to the output end of the second diode D42 and the first end of the nineteenth resistor R44, the collector serves as a negative voltage output terminal for providing a negative voltage -VCC, and is connected to the second end of the nineteenth resistor R44, and the emitter is connected to the second end of the eighteenth resistor R43; the second end of the twentieth resistor R45 can be used as a voltage sampling terminal of the output module 140, and is connected to the analog ground terminal AGND.

[0055] In some embodiments, reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the shifting circuit also includes a voltage sampling module 150; the first end of the voltage sampling module 150 is connected to the voltage sampling end of the output module 140, and the second end is connected to the third end of the third switch K3 to sample the output voltage of the output module 140 and output the corresponding output sampling voltage VOUT_IN.

[0056] In some examples, reference Figure 5As shown, the voltage sampling module 150 includes a seventh operational amplifier U51, a twenty-first resistor R51, a twenty-second resistor R52 and a twenty-third resistor R53; the first input terminal (such as the in-phase input terminal) of the seventh operational amplifier U51 is respectively connected to the first end of the twenty-first resistor R51, the first end of the twenty-second resistor R52 and the first end of the twenty-third resistor R53, and the second input terminal (such as the inverting input terminal) serves as the second end of the voltage sampling module 150, and is respectively connected to the output terminal of the seventh operational amplifier U51 and the third end of the third switch K3; the second end of the twenty-first resistor R51 is connected to the ground terminal GND; the second end of the twenty-second resistor R52 is used to access the first gear voltage; the first end of the twenty-third resistor R53 is connected to the analog ground terminal AGND (that is, the voltage sampling terminal of the output module 140) as the first end of the voltage sampling module 150.

[0057] In the above shifting circuit, the voltage holding module 120 can store electricity when the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first end thereof, and when the second end of the first switch K1 is switched to the third end, the voltage of the second end of the first switch K1 is maintained as a controlled voltage. The feedback adjustment module 130 can assist the voltage regulation module 110 in inverting the signal output by the voltage regulation module 110 when the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to the second end thereof, and compare and adjust the inverted signal MAIN_LOOP with the reference voltage VREF to adjust the second control voltage MAIN_I N2, so that the second control voltage MAIN_IN2 is consistent with the first control voltage MAIN_IN1, so that the output voltage of the output module 140 remains stable when the first switch K1 is switched, and when the second end of the second switch K2 is connected to its third end, the input voltage of the output module 140 is driven to be the second control voltage MAIN_IN2, which does not change, and the output voltage of the output module 140 does not change either, so when the first end of the third switch K3 is connected to its second end to achieve overall gear shifting, the output will not be disturbed, and jitter can be avoided in the process of the output module 140 outputting the voltage signal. It can be seen that the above-mentioned gear shifting circuit can avoid voltage jitter, avoid parameter interference to the device under test, and improve the reliability of the measurement system.

[0058] The second aspect of the present application provides a measurement system. The measurement system includes the shift circuit described in any of the above embodiments, and has all the beneficial effects of the shift circuit described in any of the above embodiments, which will not be described in detail here.

[0059] Although the present application has been shown and described with respect to one or more implementations, equivalent variations and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on reading and understanding of this specification and the accompanying drawings. The present application includes all such modifications and variations and is limited only by the scope of the appended claims. In particular, with respect to the various functions performed by the above-mentioned components, the terms used to describe such components are intended to correspond to any component (unless otherwise indicated) that performs the specified function of the component (e.g., it is functionally equivalent), even if it is not structurally equivalent to the disclosed structure that performs the functions in the exemplary implementation of this specification shown herein.

[0060] That is, the above description is only an embodiment of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the description and drawings of the present application, such as the mutual combination of technical features between the embodiments, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

[0061] In addition, in the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application. In addition, for structural elements with the same or similar characteristics, the present application may use the same or different reference numerals for identification. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0062] In this application, the word "exemplary" is used to mean "used as an example, illustration or description". Any embodiment described as "exemplary" in this application is not necessarily to be construed as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments. In order to enable any technician in the field to implement and use the present application, the present application provides the above description. In the above description, various details are listed for the purpose of explanation. It should be understood that a person of ordinary skill in the art can recognize that the present application can be implemented without using these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and processes will not be elaborated in detail to avoid unnecessary details that make the description of the present application obscure. Therefore, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown, but is consistent with the widest range of principles and features disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A shift circuit, characterized in that: The shift circuit includes a voltage regulating module, a voltage maintaining module, a feedback adjusting module, an output module, a first switch, a second switch and a third switch; The first end of the voltage regulating module is used to access the first control voltage, the second end is used to access the second control voltage, and the third end is respectively connected to the first end of the first switch and the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module; the first end of the voltage holding module is connected to the second end of the first switch, and the second end is connected to the first end of the second switch; the first end of the output module is connected to the second end of the second switch, and the second end is used to provide the output voltage; the first end of the feedback adjustment module is used to access the second control voltage and connected to the third end of the second switch, the second end is connected to the first end of the third switch, the third end is connected to the second end of the third switch, and the fourth end is used to access the reference voltage; the third end of the third switch is used to access the output sampling voltage; The voltage regulating module is used to adjust the first control voltage and the second control voltage to be consistent; The voltage maintaining module is used to store electricity when the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end thereof, and to maintain the voltage of the second end of the first switch at a controlled voltage when the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end; The feedback adjustment module is used to invert the signal output by the voltage regulation module when the first end of the third switch is connected to the second end thereof, and compare and adjust the inverted signal with a reference voltage to adjust the second control voltage so that the second control voltage is consistent with the first control voltage; The output module is used to provide an output voltage according to a signal connected to the second switch.

2. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage regulating module includes a first operational amplifier, a second operational amplifier, a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor and a first capacitor; The first input end of the first operational amplifier serves as the first end of the voltage regulating module, and is used to access the first control voltage, and the second input end is respectively connected to the output end of the first operational amplifier and the first end of the second resistor; the first end of the first resistor serves as the second end of the voltage regulating module, and is used to access the second control voltage, and the second end is connected to the first input end of the second operational amplifier; the second input end of the second operational amplifier is respectively connected to the second end of the second resistor and the first end of the third resistor, and the output end serves as the third end of the voltage regulating module, and is respectively connected to the first end of the first switch, the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module and the first end of the first capacitor; the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the second end of the third resistor.

3. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The voltage maintaining module includes a third operational amplifier, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, and a sixth resistor; The first input end of the third operational amplifier serves as the first end of the voltage maintaining module, and is respectively connected to the second end of the first switch and the first end of the second capacitor, and the second input end is respectively connected to the output end of the third operational amplifier and the first end of the fourth resistor; the second end of the second capacitor is connected to the ground end; the second end of the fourth resistor serves as the second end of the voltage maintaining module, and is respectively connected to the first end of the second switch, the first end of the fifth resistor, and the first end of the sixth resistor; the second end of the fifth resistor is used to access the first voltage; the second end of the sixth resistor is connected to the analog ground end.

4. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feedback adjustment module includes a fourth operational amplifier, a fifth operational amplifier, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fifteenth resistor and a third capacitor; The first end of the thirteenth resistor is used as the first end of the feedback adjustment module to access the second control voltage, and is respectively connected to the third end of the second switch, the first end of the fourteenth resistor and the first end of the fifteenth resistor, and the second end is respectively connected to the output end of the fifth operational amplifier and the first end of the third capacitor; the second end of the fourteenth resistor is used to access the first gear voltage; the second end of the fifteenth resistor is connected to the analog ground; the first input end of the fifth operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the ninth resistor and the first end of the tenth resistor, and the second input end is respectively connected to the first end of the eleventh resistor and the first end of the twelfth resistor; the second end of the eleventh resistor is connected to the ground end; the second end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the second end of the third capacitor; the second end of the tenth resistor serves as the fourth end of the feedback adjustment module, for accessing the reference voltage; the second end of the ninth resistor serves as the second end of the feedback adjustment module, connected to the first end of the third switch; the first input end of the fourth operational amplifier is connected to the ground end, the second input end is respectively connected to the first end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the eighth resistor, the output end serves as the third end of the feedback adjustment module, respectively connected to the second end of the third switch and the second end of the seventh resistor; the second end of the eighth resistor serves as the feedback output end of the feedback adjustment module, connected to the third end of the voltage regulation module.

5. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output module includes a sixth operational amplifier, a sixteenth resistor, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a nineteenth resistor, a twentieth resistor, a first diode, a second diode, a first transistor and a second transistor; The first input terminal of the sixth operational amplifier is connected to the second end of the second switch as the first end of the output module, and the second input terminal is respectively connected to the output terminal of the sixth operational amplifier, the output terminal of the first diode and the input terminal of the second diode; the base of the first transistor is respectively connected to the input terminal of the first diode and the first end of the sixteenth resistor, the collector is used as a forward voltage output terminal for providing a forward voltage and is connected to the second end of the sixteenth resistor, and the emitter is connected to the first end of the seventeenth resistor; the second end of the seventeenth resistor is respectively connected to the first end of the eighteenth resistor and the first end of the twentieth resistor; the base of the second diode is respectively connected to the output terminal of the second diode and the first end of the nineteenth resistor, the collector is used as a negative voltage output terminal for providing a negative voltage and is connected to the second end of the nineteenth resistor, and the emitter is connected to the second end of the eighteenth resistor; the second end of the twentieth resistor can be used as the voltage sampling terminal of the output module and is connected to the analog ground terminal.

6. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift circuit also includes a voltage sampling module; The first end of the voltage sampling module is connected to the voltage sampling end of the output module, and the second end is connected to the third end of the third switch, so as to sample the output voltage of the output module and output the corresponding output sampling voltage.

7. The shift circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The voltage sampling module includes a seventh operational amplifier, a twenty-first resistor, a twenty-second resistor and a twenty-third resistor; The first input end of the seventh operational amplifier is respectively connected to the first end of the twenty-first resistor, the first end of the twenty-second resistor and the first end of the twenty-third resistor, and the second input end serves as the second end of the voltage sampling module, and is respectively connected to the output end of the seventh operational amplifier and the third end of the third switch; the second end of the twenty-first resistor is connected to the ground end; the second end of the twenty-second resistor is used to access the first voltage; the first end of the twenty-third resistor serves as the first end of the voltage sampling module and is connected to the analog ground end.

8. The shift circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shift circuit also includes a control module; The control module is used to adjust the reference voltage after the second end of the first switch is switched to the third end, so that the reference voltage matches the voltage after the gear shift.

9. A measurement system, characterized in that: The measurement system comprises the shift circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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