Real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation method for array plane of phased-array antenna

Abstract

The invention discloses a phased-array antenna array plane real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation method, and relates to the technical field of phased-array antennas. Comprising the following steps: S1, determining multiple groups of to-be-calibrated channels, a first calibration transmitting channel and a second calibration transmitting channel; s2, sequentially opening any group of to-be-calibrated channels and a first calibration transmitting channel; s3, adjusting the receiving phase of the second to-be-calibrated channel; s4, calculating a coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmitting channel to the group of to-be-calibrated channels; s5, opening a second calibration transmitting channel, and calculating a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmitting channel to the group of to-be-calibrated channels; s6, calculating an initial phase difference of the group of to-be-calibrated channels; s7, returning to execute the steps S2-S6 to obtain initial phase differences of the multiple groups of to-be-calibrated channels; and S8, carrying out phase difference compensation on all the channels to be calibrated. The problems that a traditional calibration compensation method is complex and limited by environments, equipment, sites and technicians, and real-time array plane monitoring and channel calibration compensation cannot be independently achieved are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of phased array antennas, and in particular to a method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of phased array antenna technology in the field of wireless communications, the system has higher and higher requirements for important performance indicators of phased array antennas, such as sidelobe level, gain and beam pointing. Therefore, the amplitude and phase of the radiation of each channel array element must be calibrated before the phased array antenna leaves the factory. The amplitude and phase accuracy of all channel-related array elements are important factors affecting the electrical performance of the phased array antenna. The phased array antenna controls the compensation value of the phase shifter and attenuator through the wave control system, and performs differential compensation for the amplitude and phase of the array, thereby achieving the best radiation performance of the phased array antenna. After delivery to the customer, the phased array antenna also needs to be tested and diagnosed from time to time. Real-time self-calibration of the phased array antenna means that the phased array antenna has the ability to perform performance tests on the amplitude and phase of the array at any time and anywhere during use; diagnose and screen out failed array elements, and evaluate performance in real time; independently measure and adjust the amplitude and phase of each channel of the array to ensure the good radiation characteristics of the phased array antenna. This will achieve health monitoring of the phased array antenna throughout its life cycle.

[0003] At present, according to the different measurement signal injection or acquisition points, the basic methods of phased array antenna array monitoring are divided into two types: "internal monitoring" and "external monitoring". The existing traditional near-field and far-field calibration commonly used phase-changing method, modulation method and mutual coupling method belong to the category of these two basic methods. However, whether it is "external monitoring" or "internal monitoring", it requires external computers and supporting test equipment, including computers, control equipment, vector network analyzers, signal sources, spectrum analyzers, etc. The process is cumbersome and the method is complex. It is limited by the environment, equipment and site and technical personnel. This makes the function of array monitoring and calibration highly dependent on external resources and human and technical capabilities. It is impossible to independently realize array monitoring and channel calibration compensation, which brings extremely high testing costs and poor real-time performance in evaluating the performance of phased array antennas. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, so as to solve the problem that the traditional method for monitoring and calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface relies on external test equipment, has a cumbersome process and a complex method, and is limited by the environment, equipment, site and technical personnel, and cannot independently realize real-time surface monitoring and channel calibration compensation.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, comprising:

[0007] S1. According to the topology of the phased array antenna array layout, multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel, and a second calibration transmission channel are determined; the paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged;

[0008] S2, sequentially opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel;

[0009] S3, keeping the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated;

[0010] S4, reading the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF set port in real time, and calculating the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0011] S5, closing the first calibration transmission channel, opening the second calibration transmission channel, and returning to execute steps S3-S4 to obtain a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0012] S6. Calculate an initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to a coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0013] S7, returning to steps S2-S6 to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated;

[0014] S8. Based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference, performing phase difference compensation on all channels to be calibrated.

[0015] On the other hand, the present application also provides a device for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, comprising:

[0016] A region division module is used to determine multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel, and a second calibration transmission channel according to the phased array antenna array layout topology; the paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged;

[0017] A channel opening module, used for opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel in sequence;

[0018] A phase adjustment module, used to keep the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjust the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated;

[0019] A phase difference calculation module is used to read the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF set port in real time, and calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0020] A transmission channel switching module, used to close the first calibration transmission channel, open the second calibration transmission channel, and return to run the phase difference calculation module and the transmission channel switching module to obtain the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0021] An initial phase difference calculation module, used to calculate the initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0022] The channel traversal module is used to return the running channel opening module to the initial phase difference calculation module to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated;

[0023] The phase difference compensation module is used to perform phase difference compensation on all the channels to be calibrated based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference.

[0024] On the other hand, the present application also provides an electronic device,

[0025] A processor; and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions, which when executed cause the processor to perform the steps of the method as claimed in any one of the preceding claims.

[0026] On the other hand, the present application also provides a storage medium,

[0027] The storage medium stores a processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface, and when the processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface is executed by the processor, the method steps as described in any one of the above claims are implemented.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, this application can achieve the following technical effects:

[0029] By utilizing the coupling characteristics between channels of a phased array antenna surface, a method for real-time monitoring of a phased array antenna surface and adaptive calibration compensation of channels is proposed, including: S1, determining multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel and a second calibration transmission channel according to the layout topology of the phased array antenna surface; the paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and in a mirror relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged; S2, opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel in turn; S3, keeping the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated; S4, reading the RF aggregate port in real time The amplitude data corresponding to different phases are used to calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; S5, close the first calibration transmission channel, open the second calibration transmission channel, and return to execute steps S3-S4 to obtain the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; S6, according to the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated, calculate the initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated; S7, return to execute steps S2-S6, and obtain the initial phase difference of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated; S8, based on the initial phase difference of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, take a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference, and perform phase difference compensation on all channels to be calibrated. Thereby, the real-time amplitude and phase performance monitoring and channel self-calibration compensation functions of the phased array antenna array receiving and transmitting channels are realized, which has the characteristics of high calibration accuracy, strong practicality and wide applicability. Specifically:

[0030] First, based on the improved rotating electric field vector and mutual coupling method, combined with the optimized self-calibration strategy, the performance monitoring and adaptive compensation of channel amplitude and phase can be realized efficiently and accurately;

[0031] Second, this method only needs to obtain the amplitude information of the channel, and then obtains the phase difference information of each channel by processing the amplitude information. Therefore, it is not limited by the frequency response characteristics of the RF device, especially in the millimeter wave and higher frequency bands, and can achieve higher calibration accuracy;

[0032] Third, this method does not directly obtain the absolute value information of the channel phase, but uses the IQ two-way phase difference calculation to achieve calibration, improve the anti-interference ability, effectively increase the accuracy of calibration, and reduce the impact of test errors and environment on the calibration effect;

[0033] Fourthly, the method is not limited to the position layout of the phased array antenna surface units, and can be applied to the triangular position layout or rectangular position layout of the surface units at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a specific implementation process of real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the coupling path between channels in the horizontal direction and the energy vector transmission direction diagram in the case of a rectangular array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the coupling path between channels in the vertical direction and the energy vector transmission direction diagram in the case of a rectangular array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a device for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. The advantages and features of the present application will become clearer according to the following description and claims. It should be noted that the drawings are all in a very simplified form and are not in precise proportions, and are only used to conveniently and clearly assist in explaining the purpose of the embodiments of the present application.

[0040] It should be noted that, in order to clearly explain the content of the present application, the present application specifically cites multiple embodiments to further illustrate different implementation methods of the present application, wherein the multiple embodiments are enumerated rather than exhaustive. In addition, for the sake of brevity of explanation, the contents mentioned in the previous embodiments are often omitted in the subsequent embodiments. Therefore, the contents not mentioned in the subsequent embodiments can refer to the previous embodiments accordingly.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] like Figure 1 The present invention provides a method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface. The method specifically comprises the following steps:

[0043] S1. According to the topology of the phased array antenna array layout, multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel, and a second calibration transmission channel are determined; the paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged;

[0044] S2, sequentially opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel;

[0045] S3, keeping the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated;

[0046] S4, reading the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF set port in real time, and calculating the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0047] S5, closing the first calibration transmission channel, opening the second calibration transmission channel, and returning to execute steps S3-S4 to obtain a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0048] S6. Calculate an initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to a coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0049] S7, returning to steps S2-S6 to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated;

[0050] S8. Based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference, performing phase difference compensation on all channels to be calibrated.

[0051] In this embodiment, one implementation of S2 may be:

[0052] Any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel are opened in sequence, while the other groups of channels to be calibrated are kept in a load state, and the second calibration transmission channel is kept in a closed state.

[0053] In this embodiment, one implementation of S3 may be:

[0054] Set the phase shift step of the phase shifter, and adjust the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated through the phase shifter. Specifically:

[0055] Set the phase shifter to Rotate the phase according to the number of phase shifters, 0~π rotation per circle, a total of 2 N phase states, where n=1, 2, 3, ..., 2 N .

[0056] Based on this, this method is implemented based on the improved rotating electric field vector and mutual coupling method, combined with the optimized self-calibration strategy, which can efficiently and accurately realize the performance monitoring and adaptive compensation of channel amplitude and phase.

[0057] In this embodiment, one implementation of S4 may be:

[0058] S4-1, obtaining a reference vector according to a synthetic energy vector of a first calibration transmission channel coupled to a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated read by a radio frequency aggregate port;

[0059] S4-2, coupling the first calibration transmission channel read by the RF aggregate port to the energy vector of the second channel to be calibrated to obtain a synthesized vector;

[0060] S4-3, determining the relative amplitude and relative phase of the reference vector and the synthesized vector;

[0061] S4-4. Calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated according to the relative amplitude, the relative phase and the phase shift step of the phase shifter.

[0062] Further, in S4-4, the phase difference corresponding to the maximum Q is calculated by the following formula and recorded as the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated:

[0063] Q=Y 2 +k 2 +2kYcos(Δ+Δ0)

[0064] In the formula, Q represents the change of the synthesized energy vector and the reference vector, Y 2 =(cos(X)-k) 2 +sin 2 X, k is the relative amplitude of the reference vector and the synthesized vector, X is the relative phase of the reference vector and the synthesized vector, Δ is the phase shift step of the phase shifter, and Δ0 is the phase difference.

[0065] Based on this, this method only needs to obtain the amplitude information of the channel, and then obtain the phase difference information of each channel by processing the amplitude information. Therefore, it is not limited by the frequency response characteristics of the RF device, especially in the millimeter wave and higher frequency bands, and can achieve higher calibration accuracy. At the same time, this method does not directly obtain the absolute value information of the channel phase, but uses the IQ two-way phase difference calculation to achieve calibration, improve the anti-interference ability, effectively increase the accuracy of calibration, and reduce the impact of test errors and environment on the calibration effect.

[0066] In this embodiment, when the phased array antenna surface layout is a rectangular layout, after S7, the method further includes:

[0067] When the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are in the horizontal direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, the calibration transmission channels in the vertical direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated are used as the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel, and the process returns to execute steps S2-S7.

[0068] Based on this, the method is not limited to the position layout of the phased array antenna surface units, and can be applied to the triangular position layout or rectangular position layout of the surface units.

[0069] In summary, this method realizes the real-time amplitude and phase performance monitoring and channel self-calibration compensation functions of the phased array antenna array receiving and transmitting channels, and has the characteristics of high calibration accuracy, strong practicality and wide applicability. Specifically:

[0070] First, based on the improved rotating electric field vector and mutual coupling method, combined with the optimized self-calibration strategy, the performance monitoring and adaptive compensation of channel amplitude and phase can be realized efficiently and accurately;

[0071] Second, this method only needs to obtain the amplitude information of the channel, and then obtains the phase difference information of each channel by processing the amplitude information. Therefore, it is not limited by the frequency response characteristics of the RF device, especially in the millimeter wave and higher frequency bands, and can achieve higher calibration accuracy;

[0072] Third, this method does not directly obtain the absolute value information of the channel phase, but uses the IQ two-way phase difference calculation to achieve calibration, improve the anti-interference ability, effectively increase the accuracy of calibration, and reduce the impact of test errors and environment on the calibration effect;

[0073] Fourthly, the method is not limited to the position layout of the phased array antenna surface units, and can be applied to the triangular position layout or rectangular position layout of the surface units at the same time.

[0074] Example 2

[0075] Please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 The flowchart of the specific implementation process of the phased array antenna real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation provided by this embodiment is as follows:

[0076] The first step, such as Figure 3 As shown, the phased array antenna array is divided into regions according to the channel scale, and the calibration transmission channels T1 and T2 and the channels to be calibrated R1, R2, R3, and R4 are selected according to the position of the channel to be calibrated and the synthetic topology of the feed network. After the channels to be calibrated R1 to R4 receive the RF energy, they are output at the collective RF port after power division and synthesis;

[0077] The second step is to turn on channels R2 and R3 in the receiving state, R1 and R4 in the loading state, and channel T1 in the transmitting state;

[0078] The third step is to keep the state of R3 channel unchanged, and control the phase shifter of R2 channel through the wave control system in the phased array antenna to adjust the phase of R2 channel from 0 to 360°;

[0079] The fourth step is to read the amplitude data of the collective RF port to obtain the amplitude data of the collective port corresponding to different phase shift states of the R2 channel and the corresponding relationship curve;

[0080] Step 5: Since the coupling paths from T1 channel to R2 channel and R3 channel are different, according to the amplitude information of the collective port, the coupling phase difference IΔ between T1 channel to R2 channel and T1 channel to R3 can be obtained when T1 channel is transmitting. 23 , the phase difference can be calculated by the following formula:

[0081] The synthetic energy vector obtained at the RF aggregation port, where the T1 channel is coupled to the R3 channel and the T1 channel is coupled to the R2 channel, is the reference vector.

[0082]

[0083] Among them, the energy vector coupled from the T1 channel to the R2 channel is the synthesized vector

[0084]

[0085] Where E0 is the amplitude of the reference vector collected after the synthesis of the collection port, E n is the synthesized vector amplitude of the T1 channel coupled to the R2 channel, e is the natural base, is the reference vector phase, is the phase of the synthesized vector.

[0086] In the third step, the phase of the R2 channel is adjusted by the phase shifter, and the phase shift step is The resultant electric field vector Rotate the phase according to the number of phase shifters (assuming N bits), 0 to π rotation, a total of 2 N phase states. Where n = 1, 2, 3, ..., 2 N , the phase of the nth state is

[0087] Therefore, with Phase change at the RF aggregation port and The resultant energy vector It can be expressed as:

[0088]

[0089] Define the synthesized vector With the reference vector The relative amplitude is j and the relative phase is X:

[0090]

[0091] The calculation formula is derived, split, and extracted After simplification, we can get:

[0092]

[0093] Substitution Simplifying and modulo we can get:

[0094]

[0095] Define the variable Q to characterize the change of the synthesized energy vector and the reference vector. When Q is the largest, the vector phases are the same, and when Q is the smallest, the vector phases are opposite:

[0096]

[0097] After simplification, we can get:

[0098] Q = (cos(X)-k) 2 +sin 2 X+k 2 +2k{(cos(X)-k)cos(Δ)-sin(X)sin(Δ)}

[0099] Define the substitution variable Y 2 :

[0100] Y 2 =(cos(X)-k) 2 +sin 2 X

[0101] The above formula can be changed to:

[0102] Q=Y 2 +k 2 +2kYcos(Δ+Δ0)

[0103] By calculation, we can get the phase difference Δ0 when Q is maximum, that is, IΔ 23 .

[0104] Step 6: Turn off channel T1 and set channel T2 to transmit state. Repeat steps 3 to 5 to get the phase difference QΔ of the coupling path from channel T2 to channel R2 and channel R3. 23 ;

[0105] Step 7: Calculate the actual initial phase difference from the RF aggregate port to the R2 channel and the R3 channel, that is, the initial phase of the R2 channel. The initial phase of the R3 channel The difference between the IQ and Q paths is calculated to reduce the impact of the environment on the calibration accuracy and improve the robustness of the method:

[0106]

[0107] Step 8. Repeat steps 2 to 7 to get the initial phase of the R1 channel. Initial phase with R4 channel The difference, that is:

[0108]

[0109] Step 9: Figure 4 As shown, after completing the horizontal channel calibration, reselect the vertical channels T3 and T4 as the calibration transmission channels, repeat the first step to the eighth step, and you can get IΔ 12 , QΔ 12 , IΔ 43 , QΔ 43 , the initial phase difference between the R1 channel and the R2 channel, and the initial phase difference between the R4 channel and the R3 channel can be obtained through calculation.

[0110] In the tenth step, after the calculation in the ninth step, the phase difference of all channels based on a certain channel (R1 channel) is obtained. After compensating the obtained phase difference, the adaptive calibration of the array can be realized.

[0111] Example 3

[0112] Please refer to Figure 5 , Figure 5 The figure shows a schematic diagram of a device for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface provided by this embodiment. The device comprises:

[0113] The area division module 301 is used to determine multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel, and a second calibration transmission channel according to the phased array antenna array layout topology; the paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged;

[0114] A channel opening module 302 is used to sequentially open any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel;

[0115] A phase adjustment module 303, used to keep the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjust the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated;

[0116] The phase difference calculation module 304 is used to read the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF aggregate port in real time, and calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0117] The transmission channel switching module 305 is used to close the first calibration transmission channel, open the second calibration transmission channel, and return to run the phase difference calculation module and the transmission channel switching module to obtain the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0118] An initial phase difference calculation module 306 is used to calculate an initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to a coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated;

[0119] The channel traversal module 307 is used to return the channel opening module to the initial phase difference calculation module to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated;

[0120] The phase difference compensation module 308 is used to perform phase difference compensation on all the channels to be calibrated based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference.

[0121] Preferably, the phase difference calculation module specifically includes:

[0122] A reference vector calculation module, used to obtain a reference vector according to a synthetic energy vector of a first calibration transmission channel coupled to a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated read by a radio frequency aggregate port;

[0123] A synthesized vector calculation module is used to obtain a synthesized vector according to an energy vector of a first calibrated transmission channel coupled to a second channel to be calibrated read by a radio frequency aggregate port;

[0124] A relative amplitude and phase calculation module, used to determine the relative amplitude and relative phase of the reference vector and the synthesized vector;

[0125] The coupling phase difference calculation module is used to calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated according to the relative amplitude, the relative phase and the phase shift step of the phase shifter.

[0126] Based on this, the device only needs to obtain the amplitude information of the channel, and then obtain the phase difference information of each channel by processing the amplitude information. Therefore, it is not limited by the frequency response characteristics of the RF device, especially in the millimeter wave and higher frequency bands, and can achieve higher calibration accuracy. At the same time, the device does not directly obtain the absolute value information of the channel phase, but uses the IQ two-way phase difference calculation to achieve calibration, improve the anti-interference ability, effectively increase the accuracy of calibration, and reduce the impact of test errors and environment on the calibration effect.

[0127] Preferably, the device further includes a dimension switching module, which is specifically used to:

[0128] When the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are in the horizontal direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, the calibration transmission channels in the vertical direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated are used as the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel, and the channel opening module is returned to the channel traversal module.

[0129] Based on this, the device is not limited to the position layout of the phased array antenna surface units, and can be applicable to the triangular position layout or rectangular position layout of the surface units.

[0130] Example 4

[0131] In another feasible embodiment, this embodiment provides a device for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, and the device may specifically include:

[0132] A processor; and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps in any of the above method embodiments.

[0133] Example 5

[0134] In another feasible embodiment, this embodiment provides a storage medium for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, and the storage medium may specifically include:

[0135] The storage medium stores a processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface. When the processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface is executed by the processor, the steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0136] The above is only an embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application can be modified and varied in various ways. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna surface, characterized in that: include: S1. Determine multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel, and a second calibration transmission channel according to the phased array antenna array layout topology; The paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror image relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged; S2, sequentially opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel; S3, keeping the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated; S4, reading the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF set port in real time, and calculating the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; S5, closing the first calibration transmission channel, opening the second calibration transmission channel, and returning to execute steps S3-S4 to obtain a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; S6. Calculate an initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to a coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and a coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; S7, returning to steps S2-S6 to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated; S8. Based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference, performing phase difference compensation on all channels to be calibrated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that When the phased array antenna array layout is a rectangular layout, after S7, the method further includes: When the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are in the horizontal direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated, the calibration transmission channels in the vertical direction of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated are used as the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel, and the process returns to execute steps S2-S7.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated includes: The phase shift step of the phase shifter is set, and the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated is adjusted through the phase shifter.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that Setting the phase shift step of the phase shifter, and adjusting the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated by the phase shifter, including: Set the phase shifter to Rotate the phase according to the number of phase shifters, 0~π rotation per circle, a total of 2 N phase states, where n=1, 2, 3, ..., 2 N .

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The S4 includes: Obtain a reference vector according to a synthetic energy vector of a first calibration transmission channel coupled to a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated read by a radio frequency aggregate port; A synthesized vector is obtained by coupling the first calibration transmission channel read from the radio frequency aggregate port to the energy vector of the second channel to be calibrated; Determining the relative amplitude and relative phase of the reference vector and the synthesized vector; The coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated is calculated according to the relative amplitude, the relative phase and the phase shift step of the phase shifter.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The step of calculating the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated according to the relative amplitude, the relative phase and the phase shift step of the phase shifter comprises: The phase difference corresponding to the maximum Q is calculated by the following formula and recorded as the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated: Q=Y 2 +k 2 +2kY cos(Δ+Δ0) In the formula, Q represents the change of the synthesized energy vector and the reference vector, Y 2 =(cos(X)-k) 2 +sin 2 X, k is the relative amplitude of the reference vector and the synthesized vector, X is the relative phase of the reference vector and the synthesized vector, Δ is the phase shift step of the phase shifter, and Δ0 is the phase difference.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The S2 further includes: The other groups of channels to be calibrated are kept in a load state, and the second calibration transmission channel is kept in a closed state.

8. A device for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of a phased array antenna, characterized in that: include: A region division module is used to determine a plurality of groups of channels to be calibrated, a first calibration transmission channel and a second calibration transmission channel according to the phased array antenna array layout topology; The paths between the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and the calibration transmission channel are of equal length and are in a mirror image relationship, each group of channels to be calibrated includes a first channel to be calibrated and a second channel to be calibrated, and the first calibration transmission channel and the second calibration transmission channel are symmetrically arranged; A channel opening module, used for opening any group of channels to be calibrated and the first calibration transmission channel in sequence; A phase adjustment module, used to keep the phase of the first channel to be calibrated in the group of channels to be calibrated unchanged, and adjust the receiving phase of the second channel to be calibrated; A phase difference calculation module is used to read the amplitude data corresponding to different phases of the RF set port in real time, and calculate the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; A transmission channel switching module, used to close the first calibration transmission channel, open the second calibration transmission channel, and return to run the phase difference calculation module and the transmission channel switching module to obtain the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; An initial phase difference calculation module, used to calculate the initial phase difference of the group of channels to be calibrated according to the coupling phase difference from the first calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated and the coupling phase difference from the second calibration transmission channel to the group of channels to be calibrated; The channel traversal module is used to return the running channel opening module to the initial phase difference calculation module to obtain the initial phase differences of multiple groups of channels to be calibrated; The phase difference compensation module is used to perform phase difference compensation on all the channels to be calibrated based on the initial phase differences of the multiple groups of channels to be calibrated and taking a certain channel to be calibrated as a reference.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: include: processor; and a memory arranged to store computer executable instructions which, when executed, cause the processor to perform the steps of the method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: include: The storage medium stores a processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface, and when the processing program for real-time monitoring and self-calibration compensation of the phased array antenna surface is executed by the processor, the method steps described in any one of claims 1-7 are implemented.

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