Method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas in fire-fighting site

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of air purification and separation, in particular to a fire-fighting site high-temperature flue gas purification method and system.The fire-fighting site high-temperature flue gas purification system is characterized in that a flue gas guide pipe containing a spiral gas guide pipe, a fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe and a separator heat supply pipe in a purification device form a closed loop; the closed loop transmits the temperature of high-temperature flue gas in the spiral gas guide pipe to the flue gas separator wound by the separator heat supply pipe, and the controller regulates and controls the temperature transmission process by controlling the electromagnetic valves, so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimum, and the ventilation capacity difference between the electromagnetic valves is maximum. The purification efficiency is improved while the heat recovery efficiency is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of air purification and separation, and specifically to a method and system for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene. Background Art

[0002] At the fire scene, the burning flame will produce a large amount of toxic high-temperature smoke, which poses a great threat to the safety of residents around the fire scene. Therefore, it is very important to effectively purify the high-temperature smoke at the fire scene.

[0003] At present, the high-temperature flue gas purification methods commonly used at fire scenes include mechanical ventilation methods, positive pressure air supply methods, water and wood spray methods, etc. These methods send out or cool and adsorb the high-temperature flue gas after the air supply and water mist come into contact with the flue gas. CN207562234U discloses a fire safety passage with flue gas purification function, which isolates the high-temperature flue gas through a blower and multiple air guide plates. However, in the prior art, the purification process and heat recovery process of high-temperature flue gas are independent of each other. At the fire scene, only the high-temperature flue gas is removed, but it cannot be effectively and quickly purified at the same time. A large amount of high-temperature flue gas still has a high safety hazard. The high-temperature flue gas itself carries a large amount of heat energy, which leads to the fact that the heat exchange efficiency and the purification efficiency of the high-temperature flue gas cannot be guaranteed when the high-temperature flue gas is processed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides a method and system for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene.

[0005] An embodiment of the present application provides a method and system for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene, the system comprising a purification device and a controller, the purification device comprising: a smoke inlet, a smoke air duct, a heat exchanger, a smoke separator, and a smoke exhaust port, wherein the smoke air duct is spirally wound on the heat exchanger, the smoke air duct spirally wound on the heat exchanger is recorded as a spiral air duct, different parts of the spiral air duct are connected to a plurality of first thermal distribution pipes, and all the first thermal distribution pipes are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe; a separator heating pipe is wound on the smoke separator, different parts of the separator heating pipe are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe through a plurality of second thermal distribution pipes, and one end of the separator heating pipe is connected to the spiral air duct; wherein the smoke air duct, the first thermal distribution pipe, the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe, the second thermal distribution pipe and the separator heating pipe form a closed loop; A first electromagnetic valve is installed at the connection part between the first heat distribution pipe and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe; a second electromagnetic valve is installed at the connection part between the second heat distribution pipe and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe; the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve are controlled by the controller; The flue gas separator includes several flue gas purification chambers; when the purification device is working, high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet, and the high-temperature flue gas is chemically filtered when passing through the flue gas purification chamber in the flue gas separator. At the same time, when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the separator heating pipe, the separator heating pipe provides the temperature required for chemical filtration for each flue gas purification chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the flue gas purification chamber includes: a denitrification chamber, a desulfurization chamber and an organic removal chamber; the chemical filtration refers to removing nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds and organic matter in the denitrification chamber, the desulfurization chamber and the organic removal chamber by chemical reaction.

[0007] Preferably, the smoke separator comprises a particle separation chamber, wherein a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the particle separation chamber.

[0008] Preferably, the high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber in the flue gas separator, and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

[0009] Preferably, a centrifugal fan is installed on the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe.

[0010] An embodiment of the present application further provides a method for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, using the above-mentioned high-temperature flue gas purification system at a fire scene, the method comprising: Obtain the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber, and number the first thermal distribution pipes from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air guide pipe; The number of the first electromagnetic valve is equal to the number of the first heat distribution pipe; When the purification device is working, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained, and the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is obtained; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is equal to: the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature in the optimal temperature range; When the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset first threshold, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve and the second electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized; The temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range; The second difference is equal to the difference between the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves whose numbers are less than the second preset threshold and the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves whose numbers are greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.

[0011] Preferably, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized, including the following specific steps: The separator heating pipe wound around each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe connected to the heating pipe is denoted as the heat introduction pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve installed on the heat introduction pipe is denoted as the second electromagnetic valve of each flue gas purification chamber; D1: The ventilation volume of the first solenoid valve remains unchanged, and the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read. When the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is greater than th1, the second solenoid valve of each flue gas purification chamber is closed by a preset percentage. When the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is less than -th1, the second solenoid valve of each flue gas purification chamber is opened by a preset percentage, and then the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read again, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained; th1 represents the preset first threshold value; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is recorded as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber, and the average of the first temperature differences of all flue gas purification chambers is recorded as F; when F is greater than or equal to 0, a first electromagnetic valve is randomly closed by a preset percentage, and when F is less than 0, a first electromagnetic valve is randomly opened by a preset percentage; Repeat D1 until the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized; When the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized.

[0012] Preferably, when the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized, and the specific steps include the following: When the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is the smallest, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is recorded as Q0; The first electromagnetic valve with a number greater than or equal to the second preset threshold is recorded as a first-class valve, and the first electromagnetic valve with a number less than the second preset threshold is recorded as a second-class valve; The first electromagnetic valve is fine-tuned once to obtain a fine-tuning efficiency after the fine-tuning, including: A random first electromagnetic valve in the second type of valve is closed by a preset percentage, and a random first electromagnetic valve in the first type of valve is opened by a preset percentage, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained again, which is recorded as Q. According to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first type of valve and the second type of valve, the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning is obtained; After performing fine adjustments several times, a fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is obtained, the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve in the fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is recorded as the final ventilation volume, and the first electromagnetic valve performs ventilation work with the final ventilation volume.

[0013] Preferably, the step of obtaining the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning according to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first type valve and the second type valve comprises the following specific steps: Let Q0-Q be the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; let the sum of the ventilation volumes of all the first solenoid valves in the first type of valves be S1, and let the sum of the ventilation volumes of all the first solenoid valves in the second type of valves be S2; let |S1-S2| be the second difference, and let the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the second difference be the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning.

[0014] Preferably, the reference temperature within the optimal temperature interval is the median value of the optimal temperature interval.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the technical solution of this application are: In the present application, the flue gas duct, the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe and the separator heating pipe form a closed loop, and the temperature of different parts of the spiral air duct is transferred to different parts of the separator heating pipe, so that the flue gas purification chamber in the flue gas separator has different temperatures, which are used for chemical filtration. The present application applies the heat carried by the high-heat and high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air duct to chemical filtration, so that the high-heat and high-temperature flue gas is reasonably utilized.

[0016] Furthermore, the solenoid valve is controlled by the controller so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized. On the one hand, the chemical filtration process of each flue gas purification chamber is at the optimal temperature, thereby improving the purification efficiency of high-temperature flue gas. On the other hand, the high-temperature flue gas with a higher temperature can undergo heat exchange as much as possible, thereby improving the heat recovery efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a purification device of a high-temperature smoke purification system at a fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a front view of a purification device of a high-temperature smoke purification system at a fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a smoke separator of a high-temperature smoke purification system for a fire scene provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 A flowchart of the steps of a method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0019] In the figure: 1. flue gas inlet; 2. flue gas duct; 3. heat exchanger; 4. flue gas separator; 5. flue gas exhaust port; 6. fire high-temperature exhaust pipe; 7. first thermal distribution pipe; 8. separator heating pipe; 9. first electromagnetic valve; 10. centrifugal fan; 11. particle separation chamber; 12. denitrification chamber; 13. desulfurization chamber; 14. organic removal chamber; 15. second thermal distribution pipe; 16. second electromagnetic valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by this application to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of the specific implementation method, structure, features and effects of a fire scene high-temperature smoke purification method and system proposed in this application in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0021] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

[0022] The following is a detailed description of a method and system for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene provided by the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Embodiment 1: See also Figures 1 to 3 , which shows a fire scene high-temperature smoke purification system provided in Example 1 of the present application, the system includes a purification device and a controller, the device includes: a smoke inlet 1, a smoke air duct 2, a heat exchanger 3, a smoke separator 4, and a smoke exhaust port 5; The high-temperature flue gas flows in from the flue gas inlet 1, passes through the flue gas duct 2 and flows through the heat exchanger 3. The heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the flue gas duct 2 is absorbed and transferred by the heat exchanger 3. Then the high-temperature flue gas continues to flow along the flue gas duct 2 and enters the flue gas separator 4. The flue gas separator 4 separates and filters the high-temperature flue gas, and the separated and filtered high-temperature flue gas is discharged from the flue gas exhaust port 5.

[0024] In this embodiment, the flue gas duct 2 is spirally wound on the heat exchanger 3. The improved vertical lime kiln waste gas waste heat utilization system disclosed in CN221325128U discloses a specific structure of spirally winding on the heat exchanger 3. In addition, a lime kiln high-temperature flue gas recycling device disclosed in CN221359047U also discloses a feasible structure of the heat exchanger 3. In this embodiment, the specific structure involved in the spiral winding of the flue gas duct 2 on the heat exchanger 3 is not described in detail.

[0025] In this embodiment, a section of the flue gas duct 2 spirally wound on the heat exchanger 3 is recorded as a spiral duct, and different parts of the spiral duct are fixedly connected to a plurality of first heat distribution pipes 7, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, there are four first heat distribution pipes 7 , and other numbers of first heat distribution pipes 7 may be connected in other embodiments.

[0026] The function of the first heat distribution pipe 7 is that the high-temperature flue gas flowing through different parts of the spiral air guide pipe has different temperatures, and the first heat distribution pipe 7 is used to guide out the high-temperature flue gas of different temperatures.

[0027] Furthermore, all the first heat distribution pipes 7 are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6; the purpose is to mix the high-temperature smoke with different temperatures exported from the first heat distribution pipe 7 in the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6.

[0028] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a separator heating pipe 8 is spirally wound on the smoke separator 4, and different parts of the separator heating pipe 8 are connected to a number of second heat distribution pipes 15, and the other ends of these second heat distribution pipes 15 are respectively connected to different parts of the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6.

[0029] The purpose of the above structure is to guide the high-temperature flue gas mixed with different temperatures in the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 into the separator heating pipe 8, and the high-temperature flue gas flowing into the separator heating pipe 8 is used to heat the flue gas separator 4.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, one end of the separator heating pipe 8 (i.e., the end from which the high-temperature flue gas flows out) is connected to the spiral air guide pipe.

[0031] In this embodiment, the flue gas duct 2, the first heat distribution pipe 7, the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6, the second heat distribution pipe 15 and the separator heating pipe 8 form a closed loop; that is, the high-temperature smoke with a relatively high temperature flowing out from different parts of the spiral air duct flows into the separator heating pipe 8 through the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6, heats the smoke separator 4, and then flows back into the spiral air duct. The high-temperature smoke flowing back into the spiral air duct and the high-temperature smoke flowing in from the smoke inlet 1 undergo heat exchange (that is, the heat of the high-temperature smoke is transferred out) when flowing through the heat exchanger 3.

[0032] The separator heating pipe 8 is wound around the flue gas separator 4 and provides heat to the flue gas separator 4. Specifically, the high-temperature flue gas in the separator heating pipe 8 transfers heat to the flue gas separator 4 through heat conduction, thereby increasing the temperature inside the flue gas separator 4.

[0033] In this embodiment, in order to improve the efficiency of superheat conduction, the material of the separator heating pipe 8 is set to copper, and the material of the position on the flue gas separator 4 that contacts the separator heating pipe 8 is also set to copper. In other embodiments, in order to prevent the heat in the separator heating pipe 8 from escaping into the air, a layer of heat insulation material is wrapped on the position of the separator heating pipe 8 that is not in contact with the flue gas separator 4. Since the method of improving the efficiency of heat conduction is a conventional method in the field of industrial manufacturing, this embodiment will not repeat other methods of improving the efficiency of heat conduction.

[0034] In this embodiment, a centrifugal fan 10 is installed on the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6, so that the high-temperature smoke can circulate in the above-mentioned closed loop.

[0035] Furthermore, the first electromagnetic valve 9 is installed at the connection part between the first heat distribution pipe 7 and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6; the second electromagnetic valve 16 is installed at the connection part between the second heat distribution pipe 15 and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6. For any electromagnetic valve among all the first electromagnetic valves 9 and all the second electromagnetic valves 16, the controller can control the opening and closing of each electromagnetic valve, and then control the ventilation volume of each electromagnetic valve; for example, if the electromagnetic valve is controlled to open 0%, it means that the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be 0; if the electromagnetic valve is controlled to open 100%, it means that the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve is controlled to be the maximum ventilation volume; if the electromagnetic valve is controlled to open 10% or closed 10%, it means that the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve is controlled to increase by 10% or decrease by 10%.

[0036] It should be noted that the initial state of all electromagnetic valves in this embodiment (i.e., the state when used for the first time) is that each electromagnetic valve is only opened by 50%. When the electromagnetic valve is already in a fully closed or fully open state, if the electromagnetic valve continues to close or open, the electromagnetic valve remains in a fully closed or fully open state unchanged.

[0037] It should be noted that the high-temperature flue gas flowing out of different parts of the spiral air duct has different temperatures. By controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (that is, the first electromagnetic valve 9), the high-temperature flue gases of different temperatures can be mixed to obtain mixed gases of different temperatures. That is, by controlling the opening and closing of the first electromagnetic valve 9 (or by controlling the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9), the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas in the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 can be controlled.

[0038] In addition, by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve (i.e., the second electromagnetic valve 16), the high-temperature smoke in the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 can also be transported to different positions of the separator heating pipe 8; The air pressure at the air inlet end of all the second electromagnetic valves 16 in this embodiment is the same. If the closing amount (i.e., the ventilation amount) of the second electromagnetic valve 16 is smaller, the mass of the high-temperature flue gas entering the second electromagnetic valve 16 is also smaller, then the heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas is less, and the heat transferred to the flue gas separator 4 is also smaller. The larger the closing amount (i.e., the ventilation amount) of the second electromagnetic valve 16, the larger the mass of the high-temperature flue gas entering the second electromagnetic valve 16, then the heat carried by the high-temperature flue gas is more, and the heat transferred to the flue gas separator 4 is also greater. Therefore, the heat entering different positions on the separator heating pipe 8 can be controlled by changing the closing amount of each second electromagnetic valve 16, thereby realizing the function of heating different positions of the flue gas separator 4.

[0039] It should be noted that any two adjacent second electromagnetic valves 16 on the separator heating pipe 8 are respectively denoted as valve a and valve b. Figure 2 Valve a is above valve b. If the ventilation volume of valve a is smaller than that of valve b, the air pressure of valve a is smaller than that of valve b, and the high-temperature flue gas of valve b tends to flow back to valve a. In addition, no matter how large the ventilation volume of valve a is (even if valve a is completely closed), there is always gas or airflow between valve a and valve b, so the high-temperature flue gas of valve b must contact the gas or airflow when it flows back, generating turbulence or laminar flow. In this embodiment, since the separator heating pipe 8 is spirally wound, it has a greater inhibitory effect on turbulence or laminar flow. In addition, valve a and valve b are not close to each other, so the impact of the backflow trend can be ignored. In addition, the high-temperature flue gas in the separator heating pipe 8 as a whole flows back to the flue gas duct 2 from below, so the backflow trend is not obvious and can be ignored. In other embodiments, the above-mentioned backflow phenomenon can be further suppressed by increasing the number of turns of the spiral winding of the separator heating pipe 8. Or the backflow can be reduced by installing a Tesla valve above the connection between the separator heating pipe 8 and the valve b (i.e., upstream of the air flow).

[0040] In other embodiments, one end of the flue gas separator 4 close to the flue gas exhaust port 5 is connected to a radiator (or connected to the low-temperature end of the heat exchanger 3) by a heat pipe, so that the flue gas separator 4 has a temperature gradient, so that different temperature ranges can be formed on the flue gas separator 4.

[0041] In summary, the controller of this embodiment can distribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air duct to different positions of the flue gas separator 4 by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve.

[0042] like Figure 3 As shown, the flue gas separator 4 in this embodiment includes a particle separation chamber 11, a nitrogen removal chamber 12, a sulfur removal chamber 13, and an organic removal chamber 14; The particle separation chamber 11 is used to filter particles in high-temperature flue gas, and includes a multi-layer filter screen; the nitrogen removal chamber 12 is used to remove nitrogen-containing harmful compound gases, such as nitric oxide and nitrogen dioxide; the sulfur removal chamber 13 is used to remove sulfur-containing compound gases, such as sulfur dioxide; and the organic removal chamber 14 is used to remove volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as aldehydes and benzene organics.

[0043] In this embodiment, the nitrogen removal chamber 12, the sulfur removal chamber 13, and the organic removal chamber 14 are recorded as flue gas purification chambers, which are used to chemically filter harmful or polluted gases in high-temperature flue gas. The chemical filtration refers to removing the above substances by chemical reaction.

[0044] The high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber 11 in the flue gas separator 4, and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

[0045] Furthermore, each flue gas purification chamber requires a suitable chemical reaction temperature when performing chemical filtration. The controller of this embodiment controls the electromagnetic valve in the purification device to distribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air duct to different positions of the flue gas separator 4, so that each flue gas purification chamber is at a suitable temperature and performs a chemical reaction. On the one hand, the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in the heat recovery process is effectively utilized. On the other hand, the flue gas purification chamber can efficiently purify and filter the high-temperature flue gas at a suitable temperature, thereby improving the purification efficiency.

[0046] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene, which utilizes the high-temperature smoke purification system at a fire scene of the first embodiment to improve the purification efficiency of high-temperature smoke; Figure 4 As shown, the method includes: Step S001, obtaining the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0047] The optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber refers to the temperature range required for the chemical reaction. For example, the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technology is used in the nitrogen removal chamber 12 to remove harmful nitrogen oxides, and the required temperature range is [300 degrees Celsius, 400 degrees Celsius]; for another example, when volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are removed by catalytic oxidation technology, a precious metal catalyst is used, and the required temperature range is [200 degrees Celsius, 300 degrees Celsius]. The optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber is related to the chemical reaction technology used and the catalyst used. This embodiment does not list the optimal temperature range required for each technology and each catalyst one by one.

[0048] Step S002: number the first thermal distribution pipes from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air guide pipe; the number of the first solenoid valve is equal to the number of the first thermal distribution pipe.

[0049] Under the action of the heat exchanger 3, the temperature of the high-temperature flue gas is gradually reduced. In this embodiment, the high-temperature flue gas is directed in the spiral air guide pipe according to its flow direction (i.e. Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the order from bottom to top in the figure, the first heat distribution pipes 7 are numbered as 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively; the first heat distribution pipes 7 with smaller numbers have higher temperatures of the high-temperature flue gas flowing through them, and the first heat distribution pipes 7 with larger numbers have lower temperatures of the high-temperature flue gas flowing through them.

[0050] Corresponding to the above, when the first solenoid valve 9 with a smaller number is opened, high-temperature flue gas with a higher temperature can flow into the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6; when the first solenoid valve 9 with a larger number is opened, high-temperature flue gas with a lower temperature can flow into the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6.

[0051] Step S003, when the purification device is working, obtains the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber, and obtains the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range; for any one of the first solenoid valve and the second solenoid valve, when the absolute value of the difference is greater than the preset first threshold value, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the solenoid valve so that the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized, and the second difference is equal to the difference between the ventilation volume of the first solenoid valve whose number is less than the second preset threshold value and the ventilation volume of the first solenoid valve whose number is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold value.

[0052] In this embodiment, a temperature sensor is installed in each flue gas purification chamber, and the temperature value output by the temperature sensor every second is recorded as the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0053] As an example, the method for obtaining the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature interval is: recording the median of the optimal temperature interval as the reference temperature of the optimal temperature interval, and recording the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature as the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature interval.

[0054] It should be noted that in other embodiments, other values ​​within the optimal temperature range may be artificially specified as reference temperatures, such as the left and right endpoints of the optimal temperature range as reference temperatures, and this application does not make specific limitations.

[0055] Furthermore, for the flue gas purification chamber and any electromagnetic valve among all the first electromagnetic valves 9 and the second electromagnetic valves 16, when the absolute value of the difference is greater than the preset first threshold value th1, it means that there is a flue gas purification chamber where the actual temperature is significantly different from the reference temperature. At this time, it is necessary to control all the electromagnetic valves to redistribute the heat of the high-temperature flue gas in different parts of the spiral air duct; that is: the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber changes, and the absolute value of the difference between the changed actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is recorded as the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber. After changing the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve, the controller makes the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers minimized and the second difference maximized.

[0056] This embodiment is described by taking th1 = 30 degrees Celsius as an example. In other embodiments, it can be set to other values, and this application does not make any specific limitation.

[0057] As an example, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the electromagnetic valve so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized, including the steps of: The separator heating pipe 8 is wound around the flue gas separator 4, and the flue gas separator 4 is divided into multiple flue gas purification chambers. Therefore, different parts of the separator heating pipe 8 are wound around different flue gas purification chambers. In this embodiment, the separator heating pipe 8 wound around each flue gas purification chamber is recorded as a heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber.

[0058] For the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe 15 connected to the heating pipe is recorded as a heat introduction pipe. It should be noted that in this embodiment, at least one second heat distribution pipe 15 is connected to the heating pipe. In other embodiments, if the heating pipe is not connected to the second heat distribution pipe 15, the two second heat distribution pipes 15 closest to the two ends of the heating pipe are recorded as heat introduction pipes. The second electromagnetic valve 16 installed on the heat introduction pipe is simply recorded as the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber; The temperature of each flue gas purification chamber can be regulated by controlling the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0059] The specific adjustment method is: (1) The ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9 remains unchanged, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read, and the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is obtained, which is recorded as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber.

[0060] It should be noted that when the actual temperature is on the right side of the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range (or on the right side of the optimal temperature range), it means that the actual temperature is high, and the first temperature difference is greater than 0; when the actual temperature is on the left side of the reference temperature within the optimal temperature range (or on the left side of the optimal temperature range), it means that the actual temperature is low, and the first temperature difference is less than 0.

[0061] When the first temperature difference is greater than or equal to th1, the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber is closed by 10% (that is, the ventilation hole of the second electromagnetic valve 16 is reduced by 10%, that is, the ventilation volume is reduced by 10%), and when the first temperature difference is less than -th1, the second electromagnetic valve 16 of each flue gas purification chamber is expanded by 10% (that is, the ventilation hole of the second electromagnetic valve 16 is expanded by 10%, that is, the ventilation volume is increased by 10%), and then the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read again after a preset time period (for example, after 0.5 minutes), and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained; The average value of the first temperature difference of all flue gas purification chambers is recorded as F.

[0062] (2) When F is greater than or equal to 0, a first electromagnetic valve 9 is randomly closed by 10%, and when F is less than 0, a first electromagnetic valve 9 is randomly opened by 10%.

[0063] (3) Repeat the process described in steps (1) and (2), wherein each time the process is repeated, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber can be obtained, and the average of the temperature errors of all flue gas purification chambers is recorded as the overall error; when the process described in steps (1) and (2) is repeated multiple times, multiple overall errors are obtained in turn. When these overall errors reach a minimum value, stop repeating (1) and (2), and the ventilation volume of the second solenoid valve 16 and the ventilation volume of the first solenoid valve 9 when the minimum value appears are used as the current ventilation volume of all solenoid valves (that is, the solenoid valves perform subsequent ventilation processes with the ventilation volume when the minimum value point appears).

[0064] The above process makes the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers minimum (that is, a minimum value point appears) by interactively adjusting the first electromagnetic valve 9 and the second electromagnetic valve 16, thereby improving the chemical filtration efficiency of the flue gas separator 4 as a whole.

[0065] (4) Further, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained again, recorded as the initial error of each flue gas purification chamber, recorded as Q0, and the first electromagnetic valve 9 whose number is greater than or equal to the second preset threshold th2 is recorded as a first-class valve, and the first electromagnetic valve 9 whose number is less than the second preset threshold is recorded as a second-class valve; This embodiment is described by taking th2=2.5 as an example. In other embodiments, th2 may be set to other values, which is not specifically limited in this application.

[0066] The first electromagnetic valve 9 is fine-tuned once to obtain a fine-tuning efficiency after the fine-tuning, including: Close a random first electromagnetic valve 9 in the second type of valves by 10%, and open a random first electromagnetic valve 9 in the first type of valves by 10%, and obtain the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber again, which is recorded as Q, and Q0-Q is recorded as the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves 9 in the first type of valves is recorded as S1, and the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves 9 in the second type of valves is recorded as S2; |S1-S2| is recorded as the heat exchange efficiency correction offset (that is, the second difference), and the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the heat exchange efficiency correction offset is recorded as the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning.

[0067] After performing several fine adjustments, a fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is obtained, and the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve 9 in the fine adjustment process is recorded as the final ventilation volume, that is, the first electromagnetic valve 9 performs subsequent ventilation processes with the final ventilation volume.

[0068] The error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber in the above process represents the reduction of the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber after a fine-tuning process. The larger the value, the closer the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is to the temperature required for chemical filtration, that is, the smaller the temperature error is, and the higher the purification efficiency is. The heat exchange efficiency correction offset represents the difference in the ventilation volume between the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a small number and the first electromagnetic valve 9 with a large number after a fine-tuning process. The larger the value, the more high-temperature flue gas with a relatively high temperature can flow through the heat exchanger 3 for heat exchange, avoiding a large amount of heat loss when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the fire high-temperature exhaust pipe 6 and the separator heating pipe 8, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency.

[0069] In other embodiments, a heating device (such as a heating resistor) and a cooling device (such as a cooling fan) may be installed in each flue gas purification chamber to further control the temperature of each flue gas purification chamber. Based on the above, these heating devices and cooling devices do not need to consume much power to make each flue gas purification chamber have the optimal temperature required for the chemical reaction.

[0070] As an example, Table 1 is a temperature record table of all electromagnetic valves after several adjustments, showing the temperature of all electromagnetic valves after several adjustments. The optimal temperature range of the nitrogen removal chamber 12 is [300°C, 400°C]; the optimal temperature range of the desulfurization chamber 13 is [50°C, 70°C] (using wet desulfurization). The optimal temperature range of the organic removal chamber 14 is [200°C, 300°C] (using precious metals as catalysts).

[0071] From Table 1, it can be seen that from the first adjustment to the seventh adjustment, the ventilation volume of each electromagnetic valve is continuously changed. For example, from the first adjustment to the second adjustment, the first electromagnetic valve 9 is generally closed by a certain amount, so that the temperature of the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 is reduced from 757°C to 659°C; the second electromagnetic valve 16 corresponding to the denitrification chamber 12 and the desulfurization chamber 13 is closed by a certain amount, and the actual temperature of the denitrification chamber 12 and the desulfurization chamber 13 is also reduced. The second electromagnetic valve 16 corresponding to the organic removal chamber 14 is opened by a certain amount, and the actual temperature is increased from 147°C to 226°C.

[0072] After the seventh adjustment, the temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is already near the reference temperature of the optimal temperature range (that is, the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is the smallest and the second difference is the largest). At this time, the temperature of the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 is a fixed value (602°C), but due to the different ventilation volume of the second electromagnetic valve 16, the quality of the high-temperature flue gas in the heating pipe is different, and different heat is provided to different smoke purification chambers. These heats heat each smoke purification chamber to different temperatures (that is, 353°C, 63°C, and 246°C in Table 1); when heated to 353°C, 63°C, and 246°C in Table 1, the high-temperature smoke in the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 will continue to transfer heat to each smoke purification chamber, causing the temperature of each smoke purification chamber to continue to rise. For example, after the 7th adjustment, if the temperature of the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 remains unchanged, then the temperature of each smoke purification chamber will continue to increase. At this time, it is necessary to continue to adjust each electromagnetic valve after the 7th adjustment, such as the 10th adjustment in Table 1, as well as the 15th adjustment and the 17th adjustment. By continuously changing the temperature of the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6, each smoke purification chamber is near the reference temperature of the optimal temperature range (that is, the temperature error of all smoke purification chambers is the smallest and the second difference is the largest).

[0073] In summary, this embodiment continuously adjusts the temperature of the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe 6 by controlling the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, and inputs high-temperature smoke of different qualities into the heating pipes of each smoke purification chamber to heat each smoke purification chamber to a suitable temperature.

[0074] Table 1. Temperature records of all solenoid valves after several adjustments The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A high-temperature smoke purification system for a fire scene, the system comprising a purification device and a controller, the purification device comprising: A smoke inlet (1), a smoke air duct (2), a heat exchanger (3), a smoke separator (4), and a smoke exhaust port (5), wherein the smoke air duct (2) is spirally wound on the heat exchanger (3), characterized in that the smoke air duct (2) spirally wound on the heat exchanger (3) is recorded as a spiral air duct, and different parts of the spiral air duct are connected to a plurality of first heat distribution pipes (7), and all the first heat distribution pipes (7) are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); a separator heating pipe (8) is wound on the smoke separator (4), and different parts of the separator heating pipe (8) are connected to the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6) through a plurality of second heat distribution pipes (15), and one end of the separator heating pipe (8) is connected to the spiral air duct; wherein the smoke air duct (2), the first heat distribution pipe (7), the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6), the second heat distribution pipe (15), and the separator heating pipe (8) form a closed loop; A first electromagnetic valve (9) is installed at the connection portion between the first heat distribution pipe (7) and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); a second electromagnetic valve (16) is installed at the connection portion between the second heat distribution pipe (15) and the fire high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6); the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) are controlled by the controller; The flue gas separator (4) includes a plurality of flue gas purification chambers; when the purification device is in operation, high-temperature flue gas is introduced into the flue gas inlet (1); the high-temperature flue gas is chemically filtered when passing through the flue gas purification chambers in the flue gas separator (4); and at the same time, when the high-temperature flue gas flows through the separator heating pipe (8), the separator heating pipe (8) provides each flue gas purification chamber with the temperature required for chemical filtration.

2. According to claim 1, a high-temperature smoke purification system for firefighting sites is characterized in that: The flue gas purification chamber comprises: a denitrification chamber (12), a desulfurization chamber (13) and an organic removal chamber (14); the chemical filtration refers to removing nitrogen compounds, sulfur compounds and organic matter in the denitrification chamber (12), the desulfurization chamber (13) and the organic removal chamber (14) by a chemical reaction method.

3. According to claim 1, a high-temperature smoke purification system for firefighting sites is characterized in that: The smoke separator (4) comprises a particle separation chamber (11), wherein the particle separation chamber (11) is provided with a plurality of filter screens.

4. A fire scene high temperature smoke purification system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The high-temperature flue gas first passes through the particle separation chamber (11) in the flue gas separator (4), and then passes through each flue gas purification chamber.

5. A fire scene high temperature smoke purification system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A centrifugal fan (10) is installed on the fire-fighting high-temperature smoke exhaust pipe (6).

6. A method for purifying high-temperature flue gas at a fire scene, using a high-temperature flue gas purification system at a fire scene as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtaining the optimal temperature range of each flue gas purification chamber, and numbering the first thermal distribution pipes (7) from small to large according to the flow direction of the high-temperature flue gas in the spiral air guide pipe; The number of the first electromagnetic valve (9) is equal to the number of the first heat distribution pipe (7); When the purification device is working, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained, and the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is obtained; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is equal to: the difference between the actual temperature and the reference temperature in the optimal temperature range; When the absolute value of the difference is greater than a preset first threshold, the controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized; The temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is equal to the absolute value of the difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range; The second difference is equal to the difference between the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves (9) whose numbers are less than the second preset threshold and the sum of the ventilation volumes of the first electromagnetic valves (9) whose numbers are greater than or equal to the second preset threshold.

7. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The controller changes the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) and the second electromagnetic valve (16) so that the temperature error of all the flue gas purification chambers is minimized and the second difference is maximized, and the specific steps included are as follows: The separator heating pipe (8) wound around each flue gas purification chamber is denoted as the heating pipe on each flue gas purification chamber, the second heat distribution pipe (15) connected to the heating pipe is denoted as the heat introduction pipe, and the second electromagnetic valve (16) installed on the heat introduction pipe is denoted as the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber; D1: the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) remains unchanged, the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read, when the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is greater than th1, the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber is closed by a preset percentage, when the difference between the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber and the optimal temperature range is less than -th1, the second electromagnetic valve (16) of each flue gas purification chamber is opened by a preset percentage, and then the actual temperature of each flue gas purification chamber is read again, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained; th1 represents a preset first threshold value; The difference between the actual temperature and the optimal temperature range is recorded as the first temperature difference of each flue gas purification chamber, and the average of the first temperature differences of all flue gas purification chambers is recorded as F; when F is greater than or equal to 0, a first electromagnetic valve (9) is randomly closed by a preset percentage, and when F is less than 0, a first electromagnetic valve (9) is randomly opened by a preset percentage; Repeat D1 until the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is minimized; When the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized.

8. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 7, characterized in that: After the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers are minimized, the first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned according to the temperature errors of all the flue gas purification chambers so that the second difference is maximized, which includes the following specific steps: When the temperature error of all flue gas purification chambers is the smallest, the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is recorded as Q0; The first electromagnetic valve (9) having a number greater than or equal to a second preset threshold is recorded as a first-class valve, and the first electromagnetic valve (9) having a number less than the second preset threshold is recorded as a second-class valve; The first electromagnetic valve (9) is fine-tuned once to obtain a fine-tuning efficiency after the fine-tuning, including: A random first electromagnetic valve (9) in the second-class valve is closed by a preset percentage, and a random first electromagnetic valve (9) in the first-class valve is opened by a preset percentage, and the temperature error of each flue gas purification chamber is obtained again, which is recorded as Q. According to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first-class valve and the second-class valve, the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning is obtained; After performing fine adjustments several times, a fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is obtained, and the ventilation volume of the first electromagnetic valve (9) in the fine adjustment process with the highest fine adjustment efficiency is recorded as the final ventilation volume. The first electromagnetic valve (9) performs ventilation work at the final ventilation volume.

9. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 8, characterized in that: The specific steps of obtaining the fine-tuning efficiency after a fine-tuning according to the difference between Q and Q0 and the difference in ventilation volume between the first type valve and the second type valve are as follows: Q0-Q is recorded as the error correction offset of each flue gas purification chamber; the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves (9) in the first type of valve is recorded as S1, and the sum of the ventilation volumes of all first electromagnetic valves (9) in the second type of valve is recorded as S2; |S1-S2| is recorded as the second difference, and the sum of the error correction offsets of all flue gas purification chambers and the second difference is recorded as the fine-tuning efficiency after one fine-tuning.

10. A method for purifying high-temperature smoke at a fire scene according to claim 6, characterized in that: The reference temperature within the optimal temperature interval is the median value of the optimal temperature interval.

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