Additive manufacturing process detection assembly and method, and additive manufacturing apparatus and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of additive manufacturing, aims to solve the problems that data detected by a printed piece detection scheme in the prior art cannot well guide printing parameters and printing process control, and optimization of the printing parameters and printing strategies of printed pieces is not facilitated, and provides an additive manufacturing process detection assembly and method and additive manufacturing equipment and method. The additive manufacturing process detection assembly comprises a first temperature detection element and a multi-layer telescopic detection assembly; the first temperature detection element is used for detecting the temperature of the printing surface in real time; the multiple layers of telescopic detection assemblies are distributed on the forming cabin enclosure bulkhead in the lifting direction of the lifting assembly. Each layer of telescopic detection assembly can extend out of the outer surface of the contact forming part; the telescopic detection assembly is used for detecting the temperature and the distance of the outer surface of the forming part. The method has the beneficial effects that the size and temperature changes of all positions of the outer surface of the forming part can be detected in real time, and printing piece design and printing parameter adjustment can be guided easily.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of additive manufacturing, and more specifically, to additive manufacturing process detection components and methods, and additive manufacturing equipment and methods. Background Art

[0002] Additive manufacturing equipment (such as SLM printing equipment), its print performance and print size are often the focus of people's attention.

[0003] In some known technologies, the printing quality is judged by testing the size and residual stress of the printed part after molding, which is used as a basis for adjusting the printing parameters. The main testing methods include X-ray diffraction, micro-nano indentation, indentation, etc.

[0004] However, since the measurement is done on the printed part after it is taken out for inspection, it may be affected by more other interference factors (such as the temperature difference inside and outside the printing chamber), resulting in the data obtained from the inspection being unable to guide the printing parameters and printing process control well, which is not conducive to the optimization of the printing parameters and printing strategies of the printed part. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an additive manufacturing process detection component and method as well as an additive manufacturing device and method to solve the problem that the data detected by the print detection scheme of the known technology cannot well guide the printing parameters and printing process control, which is not conducive to the optimization of the print parameters and printing strategy of the print.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an additive manufacturing process detection component for detecting a manufacturing process of an additive manufacturing device, wherein the additive manufacturing device comprises a molding cabin, wherein the molding cabin has a molding cabin wall and a lifting component; a molding space is defined within the molding cabin wall, and the lifting component can be movably matched with the molding space and can be lifted and lowered within the molding space, and is used to drive discrete metal powder and a metal powder printed and fused molding part carried thereon to descend layer by layer;

[0007] The additive manufacturing process detection assembly includes a first temperature detection element and a multi-layer telescopic detection assembly;

[0008] The first temperature detection element corresponds to the printing surface of the metal powder in the molding space and is used to detect the temperature of the printing surface in real time;

[0009] The multi-layer telescopic detection components are distributed on the surrounding wall of the molding chamber along the lifting direction of the lifting component; the telescopic detection components of each layer can respectively extend into the molding space and pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until they contact the outer surface of the molding part where the metal powder is printed and fused; the telescopic detection components include a telescopic mechanism, a second temperature detection element and a distance detection element;

[0010] The telescopic mechanism is telescopically connected to the wall of the molding chamber, and the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element are respectively arranged at the telescopic ends of the telescopic mechanism, and can extend the telescopic mechanism corresponding to each layer of the molding part in the horizontal direction according to the height information of the current printing layer, so that the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element extend to contact the outer surface of the molding part to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface of the molding part.

[0011] In one possible implementation:

[0012] Each layer of the telescopic detection components includes a plurality of telescopic detection components spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and is used to respectively detect the temperature and distance at different circumferential positions of the outer surface of the molded part.

[0013] In one possible implementation:

[0014] The height spacing between the telescopic detection components in adjacent layers is 4-6 microns, and the circumferential spacing between two circumferentially adjacent telescopic detection components in each layer is 4-6 microns.

[0015] In one possible implementation:

[0016] The telescopic detection assembly also includes an X-ray detection element, which is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism and can, driven by the telescopic mechanism, pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until it contacts the outer surface of the molded part printed and fused by the metal powder, and perform X-ray detection on the molded part.

[0017] In one possible implementation:

[0018] The telescopic detection component also includes a trigger switch, which is electrically connected to the telescopic mechanism. The trigger switch of each layer of the telescopic detection component can be triggered when the lifting component or the metal powder carried thereon is detected, thereby indicating that the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic detection component is extended.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application provides an additive manufacturing device, comprising:

[0020] The molding chamber body comprises a molding chamber wall and a lifting assembly; the molding chamber wall defines a molding space, and the lifting assembly can be movably matched with the molding space and can be lifted and lowered in the molding space to drive the discrete metal powder and the metal powder printed and fused molding part carried thereon to descend layer by layer;

[0021] A laser assembly, used for emitting laser light and printing each printing layer by layer;

[0022] The aforementioned additive manufacturing process detection component;

[0023] A control system is communicatively connected to the first temperature detection element and the telescopic detection component, and is used to receive and process the temperature data of the printing surface detected by the first temperature detection element and the temperature data and distance data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part detected by the telescopic detection component, so as to respectively obtain the data of the temperature change over time of the printing surface during the printing process, the temperature change over time of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part, and the size data of the outer surface of the molding part over time, so as to obtain the data or graph of the spatial size of the outer surface of the molding part changing over time during the printing process and the temperature change over time of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part.

[0024] In one possible implementation:

[0025] The control system is also used to compare the dimension data detected by the telescopic detection component with the original dimension design data of the formed part to obtain a dimension compensation value, and reversely compensate the original dimension design data of the formed part by the dimension compensation value to obtain updated dimension design data;

[0026] The additive manufacturing device uses slice data formed by slicing the updated size design data to print the printed part.

[0027] In one possible implementation:

[0028] The control system is communicatively connected to the laser assembly and the lifting assembly;

[0029] The control system is also used to compare the current layer printing surface temperature with the set temperature value during the printing process. If the current layer printing surface temperature is higher than the set temperature value, new process parameters are selected from the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have lower energy input than the original process parameters. If the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the increase in the printing surface temperature, the lifting component and the laser component are controlled to suspend printing until the temperature of the printing surface in the height direction approaches consistency and then printing is resumed.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application provides an additive manufacturing process detection method, the additive manufacturing process detection method is based on the aforementioned additive manufacturing equipment, and the additive manufacturing process detection method includes:

[0031] Scan and print the current printing layer according to the scanning path. After each layer is printed, the lifting component drives the discrete metal powder carried thereon and the formed part formed by the printing and fusion of the metal powder to descend by one layer;

[0032] During the printing process, the temperature of the printing surface of the current printing layer is detected in real time by the first temperature detection element, and the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic detection assembly corresponding to the molding part is controlled to extend in the horizontal direction according to the current printing height, so that the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element of each telescopic detection assembly pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until they contact the outer surface of the molding part, so as to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface of the molding part;

[0033] The control system receives and processes the temperature data of the printing surface detected by the first temperature detection element and the temperature data and distance data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part detected by the telescopic detection component, so as to respectively obtain the temperature change data of the printing surface over time during the printing process, the temperature change data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part over time, and the size data of the outer surface of the molding part over time.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides an additive manufacturing method, comprising:

[0035] Comparing the dimension data obtained by the aforementioned additive manufacturing process detection method with the original dimension design data of the formed part to obtain a dimension compensation value;

[0036] Reversely compensating the original dimension design data of the formed part by the dimension compensation value to obtain updated dimension design data;

[0037] Printing a printout according to sliced ​​data formed by slicing the updated size design data;

[0038] During the printing process, if the temperature of the current printing surface is higher than the temperature setting value, new process parameters are selected from the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have lower energy input than the original process parameters;

[0039] If the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the temperature rise of the printing surface, printing is suspended until the temperature of the printing surface in the height direction approaches uniformity and then printing is resumed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an additive manufacturing device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a partial structure of an additive manufacturing device;

[0043] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Section view along line AA;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic detection component in this embodiment extending out to contact the molding part.

[0045] Description of main component symbols:

[0046] Additive Manufacturing Equipment 100

[0047] Molding Cabin 101

[0048] Laser assembly 102

[0049] Molding chamber wall 103

[0050] Lifting assembly 104

[0051] Loading plate 105

[0052] Lifting shaft 106

[0053] Multi-degree-of-freedom connecting rod structure 107

[0054] Control system 108

[0055] Purification box 109

[0056] Discrete Metal Powder 300

[0057] Molding part 301

[0058] Additive manufacturing process detection components 10

[0059] First temperature detection element 11

[0060] Telescopic detection component 12

[0061] Telescopic mechanism 13

[0062] Second temperature detection element 14

[0063] Distance detection element 15

[0064] Trigger switch 16

[0065] Sensor sheet 17

[0066] Printing surface P1

[0067] Outer surface P2

[0068] Molding space Q1

[0069] Lifting direction Y1

[0070] Horizontal direction Y2 DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0071] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0072] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may also be a centered element. When an element is considered to be "set on" another element, it may be directly set on the other element or there may also be a centered element. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0073] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art of the present application. The terms used herein in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application. The term "or / and" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items.

[0074] Example

[0075] Figure 1-Figure 4 An additive manufacturing device 100 and an additive manufacturing process detection component 10 in an embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0076] See also Figure 1 This embodiment provides an additive manufacturing device 100, including a molding cabin 101, a laser component 102 and an additive manufacturing process detection component 10.

[0077] The molding chamber 101 includes a molding chamber wall 103 and a lifting assembly 104; the molding chamber wall 103 defines a molding space Q1, and the lifting assembly 104 can be movably matched with the molding space Q1 and can be lifted and lowered in the molding space Q1 to drive the discrete metal powder 300 and the metal powder printed and fused molding part 301 carried thereon to descend layer by layer. The lifting assembly 104 can include a carrying plate 105 and a lifting shaft 106.

[0078] The laser assembly 102 is used to emit laser and print each printing layer by layer.

[0079] The additive manufacturing process detection component 10 is used for detection during the manufacturing process of the additive manufacturing device 100. In this embodiment, the additive manufacturing process detection component 10 includes a first temperature detection element 11 and a multi-layer expansion and contraction detection component 12.

[0080] The first temperature detection element 11 corresponds to the printing surface P1 of the metal powder in the molding space Q1, and is used to detect the temperature of the printing surface P1 in real time. Optionally, the first temperature detection element 11 can be an infrared thermal imaging camera, which can be fixedly installed in the upper space of the molding chamber 101 through a multi-degree-of-freedom connecting rod structure 107 and face downward to the printing surface P1. Through infrared imaging, the temperature of the current printing surface P1 can be detected in real time.

[0081] See also Figure 2-Figure 4 The multi-layer telescopic detection components 12 are distributed on the molding chamber wall 103 along the lifting direction Y1 of the lifting component 104; each layer of the telescopic detection components 12 can extend into the molding space Q1 and pass through the discrete metal powder 300 in the molding space Q1 until it contacts the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 printed and fused by the metal powder; the telescopic detection component 12 includes a telescopic mechanism 13, a second temperature detection element 14 and a distance detection element 15.

[0082] The telescopic mechanism 13 is telescopically connected to the molding chamber wall 103, and the second temperature detection element 14 and the distance detection element 15 are respectively arranged at the telescopic ends of the telescopic mechanism 13, and can extend the telescopic mechanism 13 corresponding to each layer of the molding part 301 along the horizontal direction Y2 according to the height information of the current printing layer, so that the second temperature detection element 14 and the distance detection element 15 extend to contact the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301.

[0083] Each layer of telescopic detection components 12 includes a plurality of telescopic detection components 12 distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction, and is used to respectively detect the temperature and distance at different circumferential positions of the outer surface P2 of the molding portion 301 .

[0084] In this embodiment, the height spacing h1 between the telescopic detection components 12 of adjacent layers is 4-6 microns, and the circumferential spacing h2 between two circumferentially adjacent telescopic detection components 12 in each layer of telescopic detection components 12 is 4-6 microns.

[0085] Optionally, the telescopic detection component 12 also includes a trigger switch 16, which is electrically connected to the telescopic mechanism 13, and the trigger switch 16 of each layer of the telescopic detection component 12 can be triggered when the lifting component 104 or the metal powder carried thereon is detected, thereby indicating that the telescopic mechanism 13 of the telescopic detection component 12 is extended.

[0086] The trigger switch 16 can be arranged at the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 13, and can be arranged as a proximity switch. The triggering principle can be: an induction sheet 17 is arranged on the upper surface of the carrying plate 105 of the lifting assembly 104, and when the carrying plate 105 descends, the trigger switch 16 that senses the induction sheet 17 is triggered, thereby instructing the telescopic mechanism 13 to extend.

[0087] Of course, in other embodiments, the current printing height can also be read in real time during the descent process, and based on the current printing height, the telescopic detection components 12 of each layer above the printing height can be controlled to extend, while the telescopic detection components 12 of each layer below the printing height can remain retracted.

[0088] In this embodiment, optionally, the telescopic detection component 12 also includes an X-ray detection element, which is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism 13 and can pass through the discrete metal powder 300 in the molding space Q1 under the drive of the telescopic mechanism 13 until it contacts the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 printed and fused by the metal powder, and perform X-ray detection on the molding part 301.

[0089] See again Figure 1 The additive manufacturing device 100 in this embodiment also includes a control system 108, which is communicatively connected to the first temperature detection element 11 and the telescopic detection component 12, and is used to receive and process the temperature data of the printing surface P1 detected by the first temperature detection element 11 and the temperature data and distance data of various locations on the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 detected by the telescopic detection component 12, so as to obtain the temperature change data of the printing surface P1 over time during the printing process, the temperature change data of various locations on the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time, and the size data of the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time, so as to obtain the spatial size of the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time during the printing process and the data or graph of the temperature change of various locations on the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time.

[0090] The control system 108 is also used to compare the dimensional data detected by the telescopic detection component 12 with the original dimensional design data of the formed part, obtain a dimensional compensation value, and reversely compensate the original dimensional design data of the formed part by the dimensional compensation value to obtain updated dimensional design data. The additive manufacturing device 100 uses the sliced ​​data formed by slicing the updated dimensional design data to print the printed part.

[0091] The control system 108 is communicatively connected to the laser assembly 102 and the lifting assembly 104. The control system 108 is also used to compare the temperature of the current printing surface P1 during the printing process with the set temperature value. If the temperature of the current printing surface P1 is higher than the set temperature value, new process parameters are selected from the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have a lower energy input than the original process parameters; if the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the increase in the temperature of the printing surface P1, the lifting assembly 104 and the laser assembly 102 are controlled to suspend printing until the temperature of the printing surface P1 in the height direction approaches consistency and then printing is resumed.

[0092] The additive manufacturing apparatus 100 further includes a purification box for purifying metal powder fly ash in the printing environment.

[0093] The embodiment of the present application further provides an additive manufacturing process detection method, which is based on the aforementioned additive manufacturing device 100, and the additive manufacturing process detection method includes:

[0094] Add sufficient metal powder to the additive manufacturing device 100, level the printing substrate and start deoxidation to put the device in a printing-ready state;

[0095] Slicing the original model of the printed part to obtain slice data, and importing the slice data into the additive manufacturing device 100;

[0096] The first temperature detection element 11 and the telescopic detection component 12 are in the starting state;

[0097] The current printing layer is scanned and printed according to the scanning path. After each layer is printed, the lifting assembly 104 drives the discrete metal powder 300 and the formed part 301 formed by the printing and fusion of the metal powder to descend by one layer.

[0098] During the printing process, the temperature of the printing surface P1 of the current printing layer is detected in real time by the first temperature detection element 11 and transmitted to the control system 108, and the telescopic mechanism 13 of the telescopic detection component 12 corresponding to the molding part 301 is controlled to extend along the horizontal direction Y2 according to the current printing height (for example, the telescopic mechanism 13 is controlled to extend by triggering the aforementioned trigger switch 16), so that the second temperature detection element 14 and the distance detection element 15 of each telescopic detection component 12 pass through the discrete metal powder 300 in the molding space Q1 until they contact the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301, so as to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301; the distance at this point can be used as the size data of the molding part 301. That is, the distance of the extension of the telescopic mechanism 13 is equal to the distance from the corresponding point on the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 to the molding chamber wall 103, and the size data of the molding part 301 can be obtained by simple geometric size conversion;

[0099] The control system 108 receives and processes the temperature data of the printing surface P1 detected by the first temperature detection element 11 and the temperature data and distance data of each location of the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 detected by the telescopic detection component 12, so as to obtain the temperature change data of the printing surface P1 over time during the printing process, the temperature change data of each location of the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time, and the size data of the outer surface P2 of the molding part 301 over time, respectively. These data can be output as a table, a graph, a curve, etc., to characterize the size and temperature change of the molding part 301 during the printing process. In the case where the telescopic detection component 12 also includes an X-ray detection element, the stress defects of the molding part 301 during the printing process can also be detected by the X-ray detection element.

[0100] The present application also provides an additive manufacturing method, which includes:

[0101] Comparing the dimensional data obtained by the aforementioned additive manufacturing process detection method with the original dimensional design data of the formed part to obtain a dimensional compensation value;

[0102] The original dimension design data of the formed part is reversely compensated by the dimension compensation value to obtain updated dimension design data;

[0103] Printing a printout according to sliced ​​data formed by slicing the updated size design data;

[0104] During the printing process, if the temperature of the current printing surface P1 is higher than the temperature setting value, new process parameters are selected in the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have lower energy input than the original process parameters; the lower energy input mentioned here can be achieved by selecting a lower power parameter; the temperature setting value can be 1.1 times the normal printing temperature of the printing surface P1, ensuring that the temperature of the printing surface P1 is within 1.1 times the normal printing temperature of the printing surface P1, which can avoid excessive temperature gradients in the height direction of the printing temperature and limit the generation of thermal stress during the printing process; and the lower energy input plus the higher temperature of the current printing surface P1 can still ensure that the metal powder obtains the energy required for printing and forming;

[0105] If the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the temperature rise of the printing surface P1, the printing is suspended until the temperature of the printing surface P1 in the height direction approaches uniformity, and then printing is resumed. The temperature in the height direction approaches uniformity here may refer to the situation where the temperature of the printing surface P1 is maintained within 1.1 times the normal printing temperature of the printing surface P1.

[0106] In summary, in the embodiments of the present application, by realizing real-time monitoring of the size and temperature field of the printed part, it is helpful to understand the residual stress caused by temperature gradient and the like, and thus have a better prediction and cognition of the deformation caused thereby, and help engineers better understand the deformation trend and deformation characteristics of the printed part during the printing process, so as to guide the adjustment of printing parameters and the control of the printing process, and facilitate the manufacture of additively manufactured parts with more precise size and better performance. It can also be used in colleges and universities to help more people have a deeper understanding of the temperature field changes and deformation process of additive manufacturing.

[0107] The above implementation modes are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above preferred implementation modes, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An additive manufacturing process detection component, used for additive manufacturing equipment manufacturing process detection, characterized in that: The additive manufacturing equipment comprises a molding cabin, wherein the molding cabin has a molding cabin wall and a lifting assembly; a molding space is defined in the molding cabin wall, and the lifting assembly can be movably matched with the molding space and can be lifted and lowered in the molding space to drive the discrete metal powder and the metal powder printed and fused molding part carried thereon to descend layer by layer; The additive manufacturing process detection assembly includes a first temperature detection element and a multi-layer telescopic detection assembly; The first temperature detection element corresponds to the printing surface of the metal powder in the molding space and is used to detect the temperature of the printing surface in real time; The multi-layer telescopic detection components are distributed on the surrounding wall of the molding chamber along the lifting direction of the lifting component; the telescopic detection components of each layer can respectively extend into the molding space and pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until they contact the outer surface of the molding part where the metal powder is printed and fused; the telescopic detection components include a telescopic mechanism, a second temperature detection element and a distance detection element; The telescopic mechanism is telescopically connected to the wall of the molding chamber, and the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element are respectively arranged at the telescopic ends of the telescopic mechanism, and can extend the telescopic mechanism corresponding to each layer of the molding part in the horizontal direction according to the height information of the current printing layer, so that the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element extend to contact the outer surface of the molding part to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface of the molding part.

2. The additive manufacturing process detection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer of the telescopic detection components includes a plurality of telescopic detection components spaced apart along the circumferential direction, and is used to respectively detect the temperature and distance at different circumferential positions of the outer surface of the molded part.

3. The additive manufacturing process detection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The height spacing between the telescopic detection components in adjacent layers is 4-6 microns, and the circumferential spacing between two circumferentially adjacent telescopic detection components in each layer is 4-6 microns.

4. The additive manufacturing process detection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic detection assembly also includes an X-ray detection element, which is installed at the telescopic end of the telescopic mechanism and can, driven by the telescopic mechanism, pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until it contacts the outer surface of the molded part printed and fused by the metal powder, and perform X-ray detection on the molded part.

5. The additive manufacturing process detection assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic detection component also includes a trigger switch, which is electrically connected to the telescopic mechanism. The trigger switch of each layer of the telescopic detection component can be triggered when the lifting component or the metal powder carried thereon is detected, thereby indicating that the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic detection component is extended.

6. An additive manufacturing device, characterized in that: include: A molding cabin body, including a molding cabin wall and a lifting assembly; The molding chamber defines a molding space within the surrounding wall, and the lifting assembly can be movably matched with the molding space and can be lifted and lowered within the molding space to drive the discrete metal powder and the metal powder printed and fused molding part carried thereon to descend layer by layer; A laser assembly, used for emitting laser light and printing each printing layer by layer; The additive manufacturing process detection component according to any one of claims 1 to 5; A control system is communicatively connected to the first temperature detection element and the telescopic detection component, and is used to receive and process the temperature data of the printing surface detected by the first temperature detection element and the temperature data and distance data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part detected by the telescopic detection component, so as to respectively obtain the data of the temperature change over time of the printing surface during the printing process, the temperature change over time of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part, and the size data of the outer surface of the molding part over time, so as to obtain the data or graph of the spatial size of the outer surface of the molding part changing over time during the printing process and the temperature change over time of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part.

7. The additive manufacturing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The control system is also used to compare the dimension data detected by the telescopic detection component with the original dimension design data of the formed part to obtain a dimension compensation value, and reversely compensate the original dimension design data of the formed part by the dimension compensation value to obtain updated dimension design data; The additive manufacturing device uses slice data formed by slicing the updated size design data to print the printed part.

8. The additive manufacturing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The control system is communicatively connected to the laser assembly and the lifting assembly; The control system is also used to compare the current layer printing surface temperature with the set temperature value during the printing process. If the current layer printing surface temperature is higher than the set temperature value, new process parameters are selected from the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have lower energy input than the original process parameters. If the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the increase in the printing surface temperature, the lifting component and the laser component are controlled to suspend printing until the temperature of the printing surface in the height direction approaches consistency and then printing is resumed.

9. A method for detecting an additive manufacturing process, characterized in that: The additive manufacturing process detection method is based on the additive manufacturing device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, and the additive manufacturing process detection method comprises: Scan and print the current printing layer according to the scanning path. After each layer is printed, the lifting component drives the discrete metal powder carried thereon and the formed part formed by the printing and fusion of the metal powder to descend by one layer; During the printing process, the temperature of the printing surface of the current printing layer is detected in real time by the first temperature detection element, and the telescopic mechanism of the telescopic detection assembly corresponding to the molding part is controlled to extend in the horizontal direction according to the current printing height, so that the second temperature detection element and the distance detection element of each telescopic detection assembly pass through the discrete metal powder in the molding space until they contact the outer surface of the molding part, so as to detect the temperature and distance at the outer surface of the molding part; The control system receives and processes the temperature data of the printing surface detected by the first temperature detection element and the temperature data and distance data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part detected by the telescopic detection component, so as to respectively obtain the temperature change data of the printing surface over time during the printing process, the temperature change data of various locations on the outer surface of the molding part over time, and the size data of the outer surface of the molding part over time.

10. An additive manufacturing method, characterized in that: include: Comparing the dimension data obtained by the additive manufacturing process detection method according to claim 9 with the original dimension design data of the formed part to obtain a dimension compensation value; Reversely compensating the original dimension design data of the formed part by the dimension compensation value to obtain updated dimension design data; Printing a printout according to sliced ​​data formed by slicing the updated size design data; During the printing process, if the temperature of the current printing surface is higher than the temperature setting value, new process parameters are selected from the printing parameter library for printing, and the new process parameters have lower energy input than the original process parameters; If the new process parameters cannot prevent or slow down the temperature rise of the printing surface, printing is suspended until the temperature of the printing surface in the height direction approaches uniformity and then printing is resumed.

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