Machining method and device for contour electrolytic milling of equal-curvature revolution surface

Abstract

The invention discloses a machining method and device for contour electrolytic milling of an equal-curvature revolution surface. The machining device comprises a cathode device, an anode device and an anode device, the cathode device comprises a main shaft connecting block, an adapter block, a profiling tool cathode, an angle divider, a liquid inlet pipeline, a short threaded connecting rod, a long threaded connecting rod, a first screw group, a second screw group, a third screw group, a first hexagonal nut and a second hexagonal nut; the main shaft connecting block is connected with a machine tool main shaft through a spring chuck; one end of the adapter block is fixedly connected with the spindle connecting block through a first screw set, and the other end of the adapter block is connected with the angle divider through a second screw set to form a first component. The angle divider is used for indicating rotation of the profiling tool cathode and is matched with movement of the main shaft to adjust the pose of the tool cathode, machining of the complete equal-curvature revolution curved surface is achieved, the requirement for a machine tool movement shaft is simplified, the machining cost is reduced, and the universality of electrolytic machining is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electrolytic machining, and in particular to a machining method and a device for electrolytic milling of contoured rotating surfaces of equal curvature. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of aerospace technology, a large number of new materials, new processes and new technologies have emerged, which have put forward new requirements for the manufacturing of difficult-to-process materials such as titanium alloys and nickel-based high-temperature alloys. High-quality, high-efficiency, low-cost and high-precision workpieces have become the focus of current research.

[0003] Electrolytic milling technology uses a simple tubular tool as the cathode, and injects electrolyte into the anode workpiece surface processing area through the flow channel inside the tool cathode. Under the combined action of electrolyte and current, the workpiece material is eroded in the form of electrochemical anode dissolution. Electrolytic milling has significant advantages in processing difficult-to-cut materials due to its characteristics of no cutting force, no tool loss and simple tool structure.

[0004] Large thin-walled structural parts, such as casings, side wall load-bearing structures of return capsules, large thin-walled hard aluminum alloy box plates, etc., usually contain large-sized rotary curved surface structures. In order to simplify the motion control in electrolytic milling, a contoured tool cathode with the same curvature as the surface is usually used for processing. However, due to the large size of such structural parts and the length of the cathode of conventional electrolytic milling tools is only a few dozen millimeters, when electrolytic milling such rotary curved surface parts, it is often necessary to design multiple tools according to the different arc segments of the surface, and frequently replace the cathode and repeat the tool setting during the processing, which greatly increases the processing cycle and tool cost. Therefore, it is very important to design a tool cathode with a certain adjustment space and suitable for different arc segments of equal curvature surfaces. This can not only reduce time and tool costs, but also promote the widespread application of electrode milling technology in the aerospace field. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the specification abstract and the invention title of this application to avoid blurring the purpose of this section, the specification abstract and the invention title, and such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the existing processing method and device for electrolytic milling of contoured rotational surfaces of equal curvature, the present invention is proposed.

[0007] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a processing method and device for electrolytic milling of contoured surfaces of equal curvature, which indicates the rotation of the contouring tool cathode through a goniometer and adjusts the position of the tool cathode in coordination with the movement of the spindle, thereby realizing the processing of complete contoured surfaces of equal curvature, simplifying the requirements for the moving axes of the machine tool, reducing processing costs, and enhancing the universality of electrolytic processing.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a processing device for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with equal curvature, comprising:

[0009] A cathode device, wherein the cathode device comprises a spindle connection block, an adapter block, a profiling tool cathode, an angle divider, a liquid inlet pipe, a short threaded connecting rod, a long threaded connecting rod, a first screw group, a second screw group, a third screw group, a first hexagonal nut and a second hexagonal nut;

[0010] The spindle connecting block is connected to the machine tool spindle through a spring chuck;

[0011] One end of the adapter block is fixedly connected to the spindle connection block by a first screw group, and the other end is connected to the angle divider by a second screw group, forming component one;

[0012] The cathode of the profiling tool is connected to the liquid inlet pipe through a third screw group. There are two threaded holes on the front end surface of the liquid inlet pipe, which are respectively screwed into a short threaded connecting rod and a long threaded connecting rod to form component 2;

[0013] The light rod part of the long threaded connecting rod is inserted into the center hole of the angle divider as the rotation axis of component one, and the short threaded rod is inserted into the arc groove of the angle divider, and its axis is used as the indicator point of component one relative to component two.

[0014] As a preferred solution of the processing device for electrolytic milling of contoured surfaces of equal curvature described in the present invention, wherein: the angle divider has an angle scale, which can instruct the cathode of the contouring tool to rotate to a specified angle according to the processing requirements of different arc segments;

[0015] After the angle adjustment is completed, the first hexagonal nut and the second hexagonal nut are screwed into the front end threads of the short threaded connecting rod and the long threaded connecting rod respectively to lock the cathode device.

[0016] As a preferred solution of the processing device for contour electrolytic milling of rotary surfaces with equal curvature described in the present invention, the cathode bottom end of the contour tool is contour-designed, designed according to the shape of the workpiece, and consistent with the curvature of the workpiece.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the processing device for profiling electrolytic milling of equal-curvature rotational surfaces described in the present invention, the position of the cathode of the profiling tool is continuously adjusted by means of spindle movement and angle divider rotation to meet the processing requirements of different arc segments of the equal-curvature rotational surface and achieve the effect of processing the complete surface with one tool.

[0018] A processing method for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1, loosen the first hexagonal nut and the second hexagonal nut;

[0020] Step 2: Rotate the cathode of the profiling tool to a certain angle according to the indication of the angle divider;

[0021] Step 3, tighten the first hexagonal nut and the second hexagonal nut to lock the cathode device;

[0022] Step 4, using the machine tool motion control system to move the cathode device and adjust the position of the cathode of the profiling tool to the arc segment to be processed;

[0023] Step 6, start the power supply, the machine tool rotating platform and the electrolyte circulation system to start electrolytic machining;

[0024] Step 7: After the processing is completed, turn off the power supply, machine tool and electrolyte circulation system;

[0025] Step 8: Repeat the above process to process the next arc segment until the entire revolved surface is processed.

[0026] As a preferred scheme of the processing method for electrolytic milling of contoured surfaces of equal curvature described in the present invention, the processing gap between the cathode of the contouring tool and the workpiece is small, and an internal liquid spraying liquid supply device is adopted to spray electrolyte to the processing area through the liquid inlet pipe and the inner cavity of the cathode of the contouring tool.

[0027] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] The present invention provides a machining method for electrolytic milling of a contoured rotating surface of equal curvature, wherein the cathode of the tool does not move during the machining process, a uniform gap is maintained between the bottom surface and the rotating surface, and electrolytic machining is performed by rotating the workpiece;

[0029] The present invention uses an angle divider to indicate the rotation of the profiling tool cathode and cooperates with the spindle movement to adjust the posture of the tool cathode, thereby realizing the processing of a complete constant curvature rotational surface, simplifying the demand for the machine tool motion axis, reducing processing costs, and enhancing the universality of electrolytic processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative labor. Among them:

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a contour electrochemical milling processing device for a rotary surface with equal curvature;

[0032] Figure 2 It is an exploded diagram of the structure of the electrochemical milling processing device for contouring of rotating surfaces with equal curvature;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cathode posture adjustment process for contour electrolytic milling of equal curvature rotational surfaces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0036] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The term "in one embodiment" that appears in different places in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it refer to a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0037] Secondly, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the schematic diagram. When describing the embodiments of the present invention in detail, for the sake of convenience, the cross-sectional diagrams showing the device structure will not be partially enlarged according to the general scale, and the schematic diagrams are only examples, which should not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. In addition, in actual production, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the cathode device for contour electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with equal curvature proposed by the present invention is composed of a spindle connecting block 1, an adapter block 2, a contour tool cathode 3, a divider 4, a liquid inlet pipe 5, a short threaded connecting rod 7, a long threaded connecting rod 8, a first screw group 9, a second screw group 10, a third screw group 11, a first hexagonal nut 12 and a second hexagonal nut 13;

[0039] The spindle connection block 1 is connected to the machine tool spindle through a spring chuck, one end of the adapter block 2 is fixedly connected to the spindle connection block 1 by a first screw group 9, and the other end is screwed to the angle divider 4 through a second screw group 10, forming component 1. The profiling tool cathode 3 is connected to the liquid inlet pipe 5 through a third screw group 11, and the liquid inlet pipe 5 has two threaded holes on the left and right sides of the front end surface, which are respectively screwed into a short threaded connecting rod 7 and a long threaded connecting rod 8, forming component 2.

[0040] The light rod part of the long threaded connecting rod 8 is inserted into the center hole of the angle divider 4 as the rotation axis of component one, and the short threaded rod 7 is inserted into the arc groove of the angle divider 4, and its axis is used as the indicator point of component one relative to component two.

[0041] The angle divider 4 has an angle scale, which can instruct the profiling tool cathode 3 to rotate to a specified angle according to the processing requirements of different arc segments; after the angle adjustment is completed, the first hexagonal nut 12 and the second hexagonal nut 13 are respectively screwed into the front end threads of the short threaded connecting rod 7 and the long threaded connecting rod 8 to lock the cathode device.

[0042] The bottom end of the cathode 3 of the profiling tool is profiling-designed, designed according to the shape of the workpiece, and consistent with the curvature of the workpiece.

[0043] like Figure 3 As shown, the process of electrochemical profile milling for machining different arc segments of a rotational surface of equal curvature includes the following steps:

[0044] Step 1, loosen the first hexagonal nut 12 and the second hexagonal nut 13;

[0045] Step 2: Rotate the cathode of the profiling tool to a certain angle according to the indication of the angle divider;

[0046] Step 3, tighten the first hexagonal nut 12 and the second hexagonal nut 13 to lock the cathode device;

[0047] Step 4, using the machine tool motion control system to move the cathode device and adjust the position of the cathode of the profiling tool to the arc segment to be processed;

[0048] Step 6: Start the power supply, the machine tool rotating platform and the electrolyte circulation system to start electrolytic machining.

[0049] Step 7. After processing is completed, turn off the power supply, machine tool and electrolyte circulation system.

[0050] Step 8: Repeat the above process to process the next arc segment until the entire revolved surface is processed.

[0051] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A processing device for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature, characterized in that: include: A cathode device, wherein the cathode device comprises a spindle connection block (1), an adapter block (2), a profiling tool cathode (3), an angle divider (4), a liquid inlet pipe (5), a short threaded connecting rod (7), a long threaded connecting rod (8), a first screw group (9), a second screw group (10), a third screw group (11), a first hexagonal nut (12) and a second hexagonal nut (13); The spindle connecting block (1) is connected to the machine tool spindle via a spring chuck; One end of the adapter block (2) is fixedly connected to the main shaft connection block (1) by means of a first screw group (9), and the other end is connected to the angle divider (4) by means of a second screw group (10), constituting component one; The above-mentioned profiling tool cathode (3) is connected to the liquid inlet pipe (5) through a third screw group (11). The front end surface of the liquid inlet pipe (5) has two threaded holes on the left and right sides, which are respectively screwed into a short threaded connecting rod (7) and a long threaded connecting rod (8), forming component 2; The light rod part of the long threaded connecting rod (8) is inserted into the center hole of the angle divider (4) as the rotation axis of component one, and the short threaded rod (7) is inserted into the arc groove of the angle divider (4), and its axis serves as the indicator point of component one relative to component two.

2. The processing device for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The angle divider (4) has an angle scale and can instruct the cathode (3) of the profiling tool to rotate to a specified angle according to the processing requirements of different arc segments; After the angle adjustment is completed, the first hexagonal nut (12) and the second hexagonal nut (13) are screwed into the front end threads of the short threaded connecting rod (7) and the long threaded connecting rod (8) respectively to lock the cathode device.

3. The processing device for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of the profiling tool cathode (3) is profiling-designed, designed according to the shape of the workpiece, and consistent with the curvature of the workpiece.

4. The processing device for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position and posture of the cathode (3) of the profiling tool is continuously adjusted by moving the main axis and rotating the angle divider (4) to meet the processing requirements of different arc segments of the equal curvature rotational surface, thereby achieving the effect of processing the complete surface with one tool.

5. A machining method for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface of equal curvature based on claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, loosen the first hexagonal nut 12 and the second hexagonal nut 13; Step 2: Rotate the cathode of the profiling tool to a certain angle according to the indication of the angle divider; Step 3, tighten the first hexagonal nut 12 and the second hexagonal nut 13 to lock the cathode device; Step 4, using the machine tool motion control system to move the cathode device and adjust the position of the cathode of the profiling tool to the arc segment to be processed; Step 6, start the power supply, the machine tool rotating platform and the electrolyte circulation system to start electrolytic machining; Step 7: After the processing is completed, turn off the power supply, machine tool and electrolyte circulation system; Step 8: Repeat the above process to process the next arc segment until the entire revolved surface is processed.

6. The processing method for electrolytic milling of a rotary surface with constant curvature according to claim 5, characterized in that: The machining gap between the profiling tool cathode (3) and the workpiece (6) is small, and an internal liquid spraying type liquid supply device is used to spray electrolyte to the machining area through the liquid inlet pipe (5) and the inner cavity of the profiling tool cathode (3).

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