Cutter, machining system and machining method of composite material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of composite material machining, and provides a cutter, a machining system and a machining method of a composite material. The cutter comprises a cutter handle, a diamond grinding wheel and a vibration module, the cutter handle is connected with the diamond grinding wheel, and the vibration module is connected with the cutter handle and used for driving the cutter handle to drive the diamond grinding wheel to vibrate back and forth along the axis of the cutter handle. The vibration module is connected with the diamond grinding wheel through the cutter handle, the vibration module is used for assisting the diamond grinding wheel to machine the workpiece, and in the process that the diamond grinding wheel machines the target workpiece, the vibration module drives the cutter handle to drive the diamond grinding wheel to vibrate back and forth in the circumferential direction of the cutter handle; and the basic contact between the cutter and the target workpiece is changed into intermittent contact, and the continuous action of cutting force is reduced, so that burrs generated in the machining process of the target workpiece are inhibited, and the surface quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of composite material processing, and in particular to a tool, a processing system and a composite material processing method. Background Art

[0002] Fiber reinforced composite materials have been widely used in aerospace, automobile manufacturing, building structures and other engineering fields due to their excellent properties, such as high strength, light weight, fatigue resistance, wear resistance and good heat resistance. However, these materials show poor processing performance during processing, mainly due to the large difference in mechanical properties between the fiber phase and the reinforcement phase. This difference leads to a large number of burrs being easily generated during processing such as cutting, drilling and milling. The presence of burrs not only affects the appearance quality of the workpiece, but also reduces the dimensional accuracy and surface finish of the workpiece, and may even cause stress concentration, affecting the fatigue life and overall performance of the workpiece.

[0003] At present, the existing technology mainly focuses on removing burrs after processing to solve the burr problem generated during the processing of fiber-reinforced composite materials. Common deburring methods include mechanical grinding, chemical corrosion, laser treatment, etc. However, these methods have certain limitations: first, the deburring process adds additional processing steps, resulting in reduced production efficiency; second, the deburring process may cause secondary damage to the workpiece surface, affecting the surface quality of the workpiece; finally, the deburring process often requires special equipment and technology, which increases production costs. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a tool, a processing system and a processing method for composite materials, which are used to solve the problem of deburring after workpiece processing in the prior art, which adds extra processing steps, affects production efficiency, and has the risk of causing secondary damage to the workpiece surface.

[0005] The present invention provides a tool, comprising: a tool handle, a diamond grinding wheel and a vibration module, wherein the tool handle is connected to the diamond grinding wheel, and the vibration module is connected to the tool handle and is used to drive the tool handle to drive the diamond grinding wheel to vibrate back and forth along the axis of the tool handle.

[0006] According to a tool provided by the present invention, the tool handle comprises a straight shank section and a diameter-reducing section, one end of the diameter-reducing section is connected to the straight shank section, and the other end of the diameter-reducing section is connected to the diamond grinding wheel.

[0007] According to a tool provided by the present invention, the cross-sectional area of ​​the diameter-changing section gradually decreases from an end close to the straight shank section toward an end close to the diamond grinding wheel.

[0008] According to a tool provided by the present invention, the diamond grinding wheel is provided with heat dissipation holes.

[0009] According to a tool provided by the present invention, there are a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diamond grinding wheel.

[0010] According to a tool provided by the present invention, there are a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the diamond grinding wheel.

[0011] According to a cutting tool provided by the present invention, the heat dissipation holes include circular, elliptical, annular, polygonal, and special-shaped holes.

[0012] The present invention further provides a processing system, comprising a tool as described in any one of the above items, and also comprising a machine tool, wherein the machine tool is used to clamp a target workpiece, and the tool processes the target workpiece along a feed direction.

[0013] The present invention also provides a method for processing a composite material, which processes a target workpiece based on the processing system as described above; the method for processing a composite material comprises: clamping the target workpiece on a machine tool; determining a tool and processing parameters based on the characteristics of the target workpiece; and starting a vibration module to allow a diamond grinding wheel to perform processing along a preset path of a groove under high-frequency vibration.

[0014] According to a processing method of a composite material provided by the present invention, a vibration module is started to make the diamond grinding wheel perform processing along a preset path of a groove under high-frequency vibration, including: controlling the tool to perform rough processing along the preset path of the groove with a first preset parameter; controlling the tool to perform fine processing along the preset path of the groove with a second preset parameter, wherein the accuracy of the second preset parameter is greater than the accuracy of the first preset parameter.

[0015] The tool, processing system and processing method of composite materials provided by the present invention have a vibration module connected to a diamond grinding wheel through a tool holder, and the vibration module is used to assist the diamond grinding wheel in processing a workpiece. During the process of the diamond grinding wheel processing the target workpiece, the vibration module drives the tool holder to drive the diamond grinding wheel to vibrate back and forth along the circumference of the tool holder, so that the basis between the tool and the target workpiece becomes intermittent contact, reducing the continuous effect of the cutting force, thereby suppressing the burrs generated on the target workpiece during the processing and improving the surface quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a tool provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is a top view of the tool provided by the present invention; Figure 3 It is a front view of the composite material processing provided by the present invention; Figure 4 This is one of the flow charts of the processing method of the composite material provided by the present invention; Figure 5 This is the second schematic flow diagram of the composite material processing method provided by the present invention; Reference numerals: 1. Tool handle; 2. Diamond grinding wheel; 21. Heat dissipation holes; 3. Vibration module; 4. Target workpiece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0020] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention.

[0021] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] The disclosure below provides many different embodiments or examples to realize different structures of the present invention. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the parts and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples, and the purpose is not to limit the present invention. In addition, the present invention can repeat reference numbers and / or letters in different examples. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the examples of various specific processes and materials provided by the present invention, but those of ordinary skill in the art can be aware of the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0024] Combine the following Figure 1-Figure 5 The tool, processing system and composite material processing method of the present invention are described.

[0025] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the tool provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes a tool handle 1, a diamond grinding wheel 2 and a vibration module 3. The tool handle 1 is connected to the diamond grinding wheel 2, and diamond end face abrasive grains are used to grind the composite material. Since the end face abrasive grains repeatedly act on the same position during the machining process, the generation of burrs is suppressed. Furthermore, the vibration module 3 is connected to the tool handle 1, and the vibration module 3 includes an ultrasonic vibration module. In the process of the diamond grinding wheel 2 machining the target workpiece 4, the vibration module 3 drives the tool handle 1 to drive the diamond grinding wheel 2 to vibrate back and forth along the axis of the tool handle 1, so that the contact between the tool and the target workpiece 4 becomes intermittent contact, reducing the continuous action of the cutting force, thereby suppressing the burrs generated by the target workpiece 4 during the machining process and improving the surface quality.

[0026] The diamond grinding wheel 2 includes a substrate and diamond particles plated on the substrate. In one embodiment, the substrate is a cylindrical structure, and the top surface, bottom surface and outer wall surface of the substrate are plated with natural diamond particles. The abrasive grain count of the natural diamond particles can be 100, 150, 200, etc. It should be noted that the structure of the diamond grinding wheel 2 is not specifically limited and can be set according to actual needs.

[0027] Since the diamond grinding wheel 2 is heavy, it is difficult for the vibration module 3 to drive the diamond grinding wheel 2 to vibrate. Based on this, the embodiment of the present invention improves the tool handle 1 to improve the vibration effect of the vibration module 3. Specifically, the tool handle 1 includes a straight handle section and a reduced diameter section, one end of the reduced diameter section is connected to the straight handle section, the other end of the reduced diameter section is connected to the diamond grinding wheel 2, and the straight handle section is connected to the vibration module 3, so as to amplify the vibration effect and improve the processing effect.

[0028] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional area of ​​the variable diameter section gradually decreases from one end close to the straight shank section toward one end close to the diamond grinding wheel 2, amplifying the amplitude of the vibration module 3, thereby transmitting high-frequency vibration to the diamond grinding wheel 2, inhibiting the generation of burrs, reducing surface damage, and thus improving the surface quality of the target workpiece 4.

[0029] The diamond grinding wheel 2 is provided with a heat dissipation hole 21, which runs from the bottom surface of the diamond grinding wheel 2 to the top surface, thereby enhancing its heat dissipation and preventing the temperature of the diamond grinding wheel 2 from rising during processing, thereby ablating the processed material or generating burrs. The heat dissipation hole 21 can be circular, elliptical, annular, polygonal (quadrilateral, pentagonal), or irregularly shaped.

[0030] In one embodiment, there are multiple heat dissipation holes 21, and the multiple heat dissipation holes 21 can be set according to actual conditions. In one embodiment, the multiple heat dissipation holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diamond grinding wheel 2. For example, the heat dissipation holes 21 are arc-shaped structures, and the multiple arc-shaped heat dissipation holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diamond grinding wheel 2 to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0031] In another embodiment, there are multiple heat dissipation holes 21, and the multiple heat dissipation holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the diamond grinding wheel 2 to improve the heat dissipation effect.

[0032] In another embodiment, there are multiple heat dissipation holes 21, and the multiple heat dissipation holes 21 are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diamond to form a heat dissipation hole group. The heat dissipation hole group is arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the diamond grinding wheel 2, and the heat dissipation effect is good.

[0033] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a processing system, including a tool as in any of the above embodiments, and also including a machine tool, such as Figure 3 As shown, the machine tool is used to clamp the target workpiece 4, and the tool processes the target workpiece 4 along the feed direction. In one embodiment, the machine tool remains stationary and the tool is driven to move along the feed direction. In another embodiment, the tool remains stationary and the machine tool is driven to move along the feed direction.

[0034] refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for processing a composite material, based on a processing system as in any of the above embodiments to process a target workpiece; the method for processing a composite material comprises: step 100, clamping the target workpiece on a machine tool, so that it is stably fixed on the machine tool to ensure that no deviation occurs during the processing. Step 200, based on the characteristics of the target workpiece, determining the tool and processing parameters. The characteristics of the target workpiece include hardness, thermal conductivity, etc. Different tools have different tool tip radii, front angles and back angles. Based on the processing requirements of the target workpiece, such as the shape and size of the groove, a reasonable tool is selected, and corresponding processing parameters such as feed speed, feed rate, cutting speed, cutting depth, vibration parameters, etc. are determined. Step 300, starting the vibration module, so that the diamond grinding wheel is processed along the preset path of the groove under high-frequency vibration, and burrs on the target workpiece can be suppressed during the processing. It should be noted that before processing, the diamond grinding wheel and the target workpiece need to be aligned. Specifically, step 310 controls the tool to perform rough machining along the preset path of the groove with the first preset parameters, such as a cutting speed of 30m / min~50m / min, a feed rate of 0.02mm / r~0.05mm / r, and a cutting depth of 0.2mm~0.5mm. After the rough machining, step 320 controls the tool to perform fine machining along the preset path of the groove with the second preset parameters, and the accuracy of the second preset parameters is greater than the accuracy of the first preset parameters; for example, the cutting speed is 10m / min~30m / min, the feed rate is 0.01mm / r~0.02mm / r, and the cutting depth is 0.05mm~0.1mm. During the machining process, under the action of down milling, the fibers in the workpiece bend downward, and when the tool is fed, the fiber rebound is suppressed under the continuous action of the abrasive particles on the end face of the tool, thereby suppressing burrs.

[0035] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present invention, the groove can be processed multiple times, and the parameter accuracy of each processing is higher than that of the previous processing parameter, and the processing accuracy is gradually improved to meet the target requirements. After the processing is completed, the vibration module and the machine tool are turned off, the workpiece is taken out, and the surface quality can be observed using a microscope to ensure that the processing quality meets the requirements.

[0036] The composite material in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the fiber-reinforced hybrid resin material, but may also be other materials.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cutting tool, characterized in that: include: A tool handle, a diamond grinding wheel and a vibration module, wherein the tool handle is connected to the diamond grinding wheel, and the vibration module is connected to the tool handle and is used to drive the tool handle to drive the diamond grinding wheel to vibrate back and forth along the axis of the tool handle.

2. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The tool handle comprises a straight handle section and a diameter-reducing section, one end of the diameter-reducing section is connected to the straight handle section, and the other end of the diameter-reducing section is connected to the diamond grinding wheel.

3. The tool according to claim 2, characterized in that The cross-sectional area of ​​the diameter-reducing section gradually decreases from an end close to the straight shank section toward an end close to the diamond grinding wheel.

4. The tool according to claim 1, characterized in that The diamond grinding wheel is provided with heat dissipation holes.

5. The tool according to claim 4, characterized in that There are a plurality of heat dissipation holes, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the diamond grinding wheel.

6. The tool according to claim 4, characterized in that There are a plurality of heat dissipation holes, and the plurality of heat dissipation holes are arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the diamond grinding wheel.

7. The tool according to any one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that The heat dissipation holes include circular, elliptical, ring-shaped, polygonal, and special-shaped.

8. A processing system, characterized in that: It comprises the tool according to any one of claims 1 to 7, and also comprises a machine tool, wherein the machine tool is used to clamp a target workpiece, and the tool processes the target workpiece along a feed direction.

9. A method for processing a composite material, characterized in that: Based on the processing system as claimed in claim 8, a target workpiece is processed; the processing method of the composite material comprises: Clamp the target workpiece on the machine tool; Determine the tool and machining parameters based on the characteristics of the target workpiece; The vibration module is started to make the diamond grinding wheel process along the preset path of the groove under high-frequency vibration.

10. The method for processing a composite material according to claim 9, characterized in that: Start the vibration module to make the diamond grinding wheel process along the preset path of the groove under high-frequency vibration, including: Controlling the tool to perform rough machining along a preset path of the groove with first preset parameters; The tool is controlled to perform fine machining along a preset path of the groove with a second preset parameter, wherein the accuracy of the second preset parameter is greater than the accuracy of the first preset parameter.

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