Plastic product crushing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, and in particular to a plastic product crushing device, comprising: a crushing box, an extrusion mechanism for squeezing plastic products before crushing, a pushing mechanism for pushing the extruded plastic parts to crush them, and a crushing mechanism for crushing the plastic parts; the plastic product crushing device of the present invention can realize equal feeding of materials transported to the crushing box by arranging the extrusion mechanism; after feeding, the materials are extruded and formed before crushing; and when the materials are pressed down to form, the staff does not need to pause the feeding mechanism, and the upper end of the extrusion plate can continue to receive the materials, thereby effectively reducing unnecessary losses caused by shutdown of the pushing mechanism when pushing the materials.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plastic recycling, and in particular to a plastic product crushing device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous advancement of technology, plastic products are becoming increasingly common in various applications, with a wide variety of types and materials. Plastic products with hollow structures or smooth surfaces, such as plastic bottles, plastic containers, plastic boxes, plastic pipes, and plastic casings, are particularly difficult to effectively crush by the crushing rollers during the shredding process. Therefore, before actual operation, these plastic products need to be carefully sorted and crushed separately to improve shredding efficiency. However, this not only prolongs the workflow, but also significantly increases operational complexity and labor costs.

[0003] Patent application CN202223032837.3 discloses a plastic crusher, comprising a crushing box, wherein a crushing chamber is provided inside the crushing box, a partition is fixedly connected to the inside of the crushing chamber, and an inclined discharge port is provided on the upper surface of the partition; a flattening mechanism is provided inside the crushing chamber, and the flattening mechanism includes a pressing plate, a convex tooth is provided on the right side of the pressing plate, and a limit plate is fixedly connected to the left side of the pressing plate; the crushing mechanism includes a crushing roller, a rotating shaft and a diverter block, and a crushing rod is fixedly connected to the side surface of the rotating shaft. Through the above structure, the pressing plate and the convex teeth can be used to flatten the concave and convex plastic, and the flattened material will fall between the two crushing rollers through the discharge port, and be crushed by the crushing rollers. The crushed plastic will then fall onto the crushing rod and be crushed for the second time by the crushing rod. The double crushing can make the plastic crush more thorough, thereby improving the practicality of the device.

[0004] This patent can flatten the plastic before crushing it during loading, thereby improving work efficiency. However, when flattening the plastic, the feeding mechanism can only stop feeding. The feeding mechanism can only continue feeding after the flattening mechanism flattens the plastic, thereby greatly increasing the working time.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new technical solution to overcome the above-mentioned defects. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a plastic product crushing device that can effectively solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:

[0008] A plastic product crushing device comprises: a crushing box, an extrusion mechanism for squeezing the plastic product before crushing, a pushing mechanism for pushing the extruded plastic product to crush it, and a crushing mechanism for crushing the plastic product;

[0009] The extrusion mechanism includes: an extrusion plate for receiving and extruding the plastic product, a cylinder 1 for driving the pressure plate to extrude the plastic product, and a hinged rod hinged to the extrusion plate; a guide groove provided on the crushing box, and an elastic component provided between the extrusion plate and the hinged rod; the cylinder 1 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing box; the telescopic rod of the cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the hinged rod; and the extrusion plate is slidably installed in the guide groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the guide groove consists of an extrusion guide groove and a turnover guide groove; and a wave groove is provided on the side wall of the turnover guide groove.

[0011] Furthermore, the elastic component includes: an arc-shaped sleeve rod fixedly installed on the hinged rod, an arc-shaped pull rod slidably installed in the arc-shaped sleeve rod, and a second spring for driving the arc-shaped pull rod to reset.

[0012] Furthermore, a puncture mechanism is provided at the bottom of the crushing box;

[0013] The puncture mechanism includes: a nail plate fixedly installed on the bottom of the crushing box, a pressure plate slidably installed on the nail plate, a reset spring that drives the pressure plate to reset, and a reset component that prevents the pressure plate from getting stuck; the pressure plate is provided with a nail hole for the nails on the nail plate to pass through.

[0014] Furthermore, it is characterized in that the reset assembly includes: a piston ring sleeved on the arc-shaped pull rod, a cavity one opened in the arc-shaped sleeve rod, a cavity two opened at the bottom of the nail plate, a cavity three, a piston one slidably installed in the cavity two and cavity three, a piston two, and a lifting rod slidably installed in the cavity three; the piston one is fixedly connected to the piston two; the cavity one is connected to the cavity two through a hose.

[0015] Furthermore, the pushing mechanism includes: a pushing plate for pushing the plastic product, a second cylinder for driving the pushing plate to move, and a knocking component for knocking the extrusion plate synchronously with the movement of the second cylinder.

[0016] Furthermore, the knocking assembly includes: a wave guide groove opened on the side wall of the crushing box, a knocking plate slidably installed in the push plate, and a rubber block fixedly installed on the knocking plate; the knocking plate is slidably installed in the wave guide groove.

[0017] Furthermore, the crushing mechanism includes: a crushing roller, a motor that drives the crushing roller to rotate, and a screening screen for screening the crushed plastic fragments; the crushing roller is rotatably installed on the crushing box; and the screening screen is detachably connected to the crushing box.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: a plastic product crushing device of the present invention can realize equal feeding of materials transported to the crushing box by setting an extrusion mechanism; the materials are extruded into shape after feeding but before being crushed; and when the materials are pressed down to form, the staff does not need to pause the feeding mechanism, and the upper end of the extrusion plate can continue to receive the materials, thereby effectively reducing unnecessary losses caused by shutdown of the pushing mechanism when pushing the materials. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a plastic product crushing device in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a plastic product crushing device according to the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is an axial cross-sectional view of a plastic product crushing device according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion mechanism in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the pushing mechanism in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the crushing box in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the reset component in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 A partial enlarged view of the reset assembly in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is an internal cross-sectional view of the elastic component of the present invention.

[0029] Figure: 1. Crushing box; 2. Extrusion mechanism; 3. Pushing mechanism; 4. Crushing mechanism; 21. Extrusion plate; 22. Cylinder 1; 23. Articulated rod; 24. Guide groove; 25. Elastic component; 241. Extrusion guide groove; 242. Flip guide groove; 243. Wave groove; 251. Arc sleeve rod; 252. Arc pull rod; 253. Spring 2; 11. Puncture mechanism; 111. Nail plate; 112. Pressure plate; 113. Reset spring Spring 1; 114, reset assembly; 115, nail hole; 1141, piston ring; 1142, cavity 1; 1143, cavity 2; 1144, cavity 3; 1145, piston 1; 1146, piston 2; 1147, lifting rod; 1148, hose; 31, push plate; 32, cylinder 2; 331, wave guide groove; 332, knocking plate; 333, rubber block; 41, crushing roller; 42, motor; 43, sub-screen. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "transverse", "longitudinal", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. When a component is referred to as being "fixed to" another component, it may be directly on the other component or there may also be a centered component. When a component is considered to be "connected" to another component, it may be directly connected to the other component or there may be a centered component at the same time. When a component is considered to be "set on" another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a centered component at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a plastic product crushing device, comprising: a crushing box 1, an extrusion mechanism 2 for squeezing plastic products before crushing, a pushing mechanism 3 for pushing the extruded plastic parts for crushing, and a crushing mechanism 4 for crushing the plastic parts;

[0033] This device can be used in conjunction with a conveying mechanism, which is preferably a conveyor belt for conveying materials. When it is necessary to crush plastic products, the staff can start the conveying mechanism, which will convey plastic products of different shapes into the crushing box 1. When the specified weight is reached, the extrusion mechanism 2 will quantitatively discharge the plastic products and extrude the plastic products. The quantitative method reduces the loss caused by the crushing mechanism 4 during high-intensity crushing. The extrusion releases the stress inside the plastic parts, which helps to crush them more evenly during the crushing process and improve the crushing efficiency. The extruded plastic parts are then conveyed to the crushing mechanism 4 for crushing by the pushing mechanism 3. The uniform feeding method avoids problems such as low crushing efficiency or equipment failure caused by uneven feeding.

[0034] The extrusion mechanism 2 includes: an extrusion plate 21 for receiving and extruding plastic products, a cylinder 22 for driving the pressure plate to extrude plastic products, and a hinged rod 23 hinged to the extrusion plate 21; a guide groove 24 provided on the crushing box 1, and an elastic component 25 provided between the extrusion plate 21 and the hinged rod 23; the cylinder 22 is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing box 1; the telescopic rod of the cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the hinged rod 23; the extrusion plate 21 is slidably installed in the guide groove 24.

[0035] The guide groove 24 is composed of an extrusion guide groove 241 and a turnover guide groove 242 ; a wave groove 243 is formed on the side wall of the turnover guide groove 242 .

[0036] After the conveying mechanism delivers plastic products into the crushing box 1, they first fall onto the extrusion plates 21. It should be noted that the extrusion plates 21 are symmetrically arranged in two pieces. When the plastic products accumulated on the extrusion plates 21 reach the amount required for a single crushing operation (i.e., the preset full load), the cylinder 22 device will drive one end of the extrusion plate 21 to move upward along the inner wall of the crushing box 1. At this time, the other end of the extrusion plate 21 is geometrically constrained by the turning guide groove 242, forcing the extrusion plate 21 to rotate about the hinge axis, thereby causing the two extrusion plates 21 to deflect toward each other, causing the plastic products accumulated on their surfaces to slide to the bottom of the crushing box 1, creating favorable conditions for further compression of the materials by the extrusion plates 21.

[0037] It should be noted here that the side wall of the flip guide groove 242 is provided with a wave groove 243; while the extrusion plate 21 is deflected, the extrusion plate 21 can perform additional swinging motion along the wave groove 243. This mechanism effectively accelerates the release process of the material on the extrusion plate 21, thereby effectively preventing the material from accumulating on the extrusion plate 21 and avoiding possible material retention and adhesion problems.

[0038] After all the material on the extrusion plate 21 has fallen to the bottom of the crushing box 1, the cylinder 1 22 is activated and drives the extrusion plate 21 to move downward along a predetermined trajectory to the end of the flip guide 242. The extrusion plate 21 then smoothly transitions into the extrusion guide 241 through the guide mechanism. Since the extrusion guide 241 and the hinge rod 23 are in a horizontally aligned state, the built-in elastic reset assembly 114 starts to work, prompting the extrusion plate 21 to perform a reset action until the hinge rod 23 and the extrusion plate 21 form a vertical posture, ensuring a stable and reliable extrusion process.

[0039] Next, the squeeze plate 21, in its stable vertical position, applies uniform pressure to the plastic products at the bottom of the crushing chamber 1, causing them to compact and form blocks. Subsequently, the subsequent pushing mechanism 3 precisely conveys these blocks to the crushing mechanism 4. This mechanism then activates and efficiently crushes the blocky material. This not only significantly improves crushing efficiency but also effectively avoids the risk of blockage at the front of the crushing mechanism 4 due to excessive material dispersion.

[0040] What needs to be expanded here is that an angle sensor is installed at the hinge part of the extrusion plate 21 and the hinge rod 23. As the plastic products on the extrusion plate 21 continue to accumulate, the extrusion plate 21 is gradually pressed down due to the gravity of the plastic products, and a small rotation angle change occurs around the hinge point of the hinge rod 23. The angle change is monitored and recorded in real time by the angle sensor. When the rotation angle reaches a preset threshold, the angle sensor triggers the abnormal signal feedback mechanism. This signal indicates that the weight of the material to be crushed on the current extrusion plate 21 has reached an optimized value. This value is based on the consideration of maximizing the efficiency and optimizing the crushing effect of the crushing mechanism 4 during the feeding and crushing process, and is pre-set by humans based on rich experience; the setting of this threshold is intended to ensure that the feeding amount each time can not only ensure the crushing efficiency, but also obtain the best crushing quality; at this time, the cylinder 1 22 moves upward, causing the material on the extrusion plate 21 to fall to the bottom of the crushing box 1.

[0041] It should be summarized here that the plastic products transported to the crushing box 1 by the conveying mechanism first fall on the metering extrusion plate 21. When their weight reaches a preset value, the cylinder drives the extrusion plate 21 to move upward along the guide groove 24, thereby realizing flipping and unloading under the constraint of the guide groove 24; at the same time, under the guidance of the wave groove 243, the extrusion plate 21 swings back and forth during the flipping and unloading process to accelerate the material to fall off the extrusion plate 21; in addition, after the material on the extrusion plate 21 completely falls to the bottom of the crushing box 1, the cylinder pushes the extrusion plate 21 to move downward. During this process, the extrusion plate 21 remains parallel to the bottom surface of the crushing box 1 under the action of the extrusion guide groove 241, and relies on its downward movement to compress and mold the plastic products in the crushing box 1, so as to facilitate subsequent crushing and loading operations; it is worth mentioning that when the material is pressed down, the staff does not need to pause the feeding mechanism, and the upper end of the extrusion plate 21 can continue to receive the material, thereby effectively reducing unnecessary losses caused by shutdown when the pushing mechanism 3 pushes the material.

[0042] In the processing and recycling of plastic products, we often have to face the problem of diverse shapes and complex structures of plastic products; especially those plastic products with cavity structures. Due to the existence of cavities inside, it is difficult to achieve the ideal compression effect during the flattening or crushing process. This not only affects the subsequent processing efficiency of the plastic products, but may also lead to serious problems such as blockage of the feed port during the crushing process.

[0043] The elastic component 25 includes: an arc-shaped sleeve rod 251 fixedly installed on the hinge rod 23, an arc-shaped pull rod 252 slidably installed in the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251, and a second spring 253 for driving the arc-shaped pull rod 252 to return to its original position.

[0044] During the flipping process of the extrusion plate 21, the extrusion plate 21 will pull the arc-shaped pull rod 252 to slide in the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251. When the extrusion plate 21 is pushed back into the extrusion guide groove 241 along with the cylinder 1 22, the spring 2 253 drives the extrusion plate 21 to reset. It should be noted here that the restriction of the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251 ensures that the extrusion plate 21 will not flip upward when moving downward to extrude the plastic product, thereby making the pressure applied by the extrusion plate 21 on the plastic product more stable.

[0045] The bottom of the crushing box 1 is also provided with a puncture mechanism 11; the puncture mechanism 11 includes: a nail plate 111 fixedly installed on the bottom of the crushing box 1, a pressure plate 112 slidably installed on the nail plate 111, a return spring 113 that drives the pressure plate 112 to return, and a return assembly 114 that prevents the pressure plate 112 from getting stuck; the pressure plate 112 is provided with a nail hole 115 for the nail on the nail plate 111 to pass through.

[0046] As the cylinder 22 is driven, the extrusion plate 21 moves downward, thereby applying pressure to the plastic product; while the plastic product is being squeezed, it simultaneously pushes the pressure plate 112 downward; at this time, the nails on the nail plate 111 penetrate the reserved nail holes 115 on the pressure plate 112 and penetrate into the interior of the plastic product, especially those plastic products containing cavity structures, which are effectively punctured. This step prevents the problem of poor flattening effect caused by the presence of cavity structures in the plastic product, thereby avoiding the possible blockage of the material port in the subsequent crushing process.

[0047] It should be noted here that the plastic product is punctured and deflated through the nail plate 111. After long-term use, the spring that drives the pressure plate 112 to return to its original position will lose its elasticity and the nail plate 111 will be stuck in the plastic and unable to return to its original position, causing the push plate 31 to damage the nail plate 111 when pushing the plastic.

[0048] The reset assembly 114 includes: a piston ring 1141 sleeved on the arc-shaped pull rod 252, a cavity 1142 opened in the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251, a cavity 2 1143 opened at the bottom of the nail plate 111, a cavity 3 1144, a piston 1 1145 slidably installed in the cavity 2 1143 and cavity 3 1144, a piston 2 1146, and a lifting rod 1147 slidably installed in the cavity 3 1144; the piston 1 1145 is fixedly connected to the piston 2 1146; the cavity 1 1142 is connected to the cavity 2 1143 through a hose 1148.

[0049] When the extrusion plate 21 flips, the arc-shaped pull rod 252 slides inside the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251, causing a negative pressure effect in the cavity 1 1142 inside the arc-shaped sleeve rod 251. The negative pressure state in cavity 1 1142 is transmitted to cavity 2 1143 through the hose 1148 medium, thereby prompting the piston 1 1145 inside cavity 2 1143 to move closer to cavity 1 1142. At the same time, piston 2 1146 slides synchronously inside cavity 3 1144. This action increases the pressure inside cavity 3 1144, forming a pressurized state. Under this pressurized effect, the lifting rod 1147 slidably installed inside cavity 3 1144 produces an upward displacement movement, thereby lifting the pressure plate 112, effectively preventing the pressure plate 112 from getting stuck and other problems, and significantly improving the operational stability and reliability of the device.

[0050] Therefore, each time the extrusion plate 21 turns over to discharge the material, the pressure plate 112 can also be lifted to prevent the pressure plate 112 from getting stuck.

[0051] The pushing mechanism 3 includes: a pushing plate 31 for pushing the plastic product, a second cylinder 32 for driving the pushing plate 31 to move, and a knocking component for knocking the extrusion plate 21 synchronously with the movement of the second cylinder 32;

[0052] After the extrusion piece extrude the plastic, cylinder 1 22 drives the extrusion plate 21 to reset, and at this time spring 1 drives the pressure plate 112 to reset; cylinder 2 32 then pushes the push plate 31 to move, and when the push plate 31 moves, it pushes the plastic pressed into blocks on the pressure plate 112 into the crushing mechanism 4 for crushing; pushing the material into the crushing mechanism 4 by pushing can effectively provide stable thrust, ensuring that the material will not be damaged or deformed due to shaking or bumping during the pushing process, thereby ensuring the quality of the material, and at the same time, the pushing position and force of the material can be accurately controlled, so that the material can accurately enter the crushing mechanism 4, avoiding problems such as poor crushing effect or equipment damage caused by improper pushing.

[0053] The knocking assembly includes: a wave guide groove 331 opened on the side wall of the crushing box 1, a knocking plate 332 slidably installed in the push plate 31, and a rubber block 333 fixedly installed on the knocking plate 332; the knocking plate 332 is slidably installed in the wave guide groove 331.

[0054] When the cylinder 2 32 drives the push plate 31 to perform the feeding action, the knocking plate 332 and the rubber block 333 fixed thereon reciprocate up and down along the fluctuation amplitude of the wave guide groove 331 on the side wall of the crushing box 1. During this process, the rubber block 333 continuously knocks the lower end of the extrusion plate 21, thereby ensuring that the plastic products falling on the extrusion plate 21 are arranged flatly under the action of continuous vibration, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of disorderly accumulation of plastic products on the extrusion plate 21.

[0055] The crushing mechanism 4 includes: a crushing roller 41, a motor 42 for driving the crushing roller to rotate, and a screening screen 43 for screening the crushed plastic fragments; the crushing roller 41 is rotatably mounted on the crushing box 1; the screening screen 43 is detachably connected to the crushing box 1;

[0056] The push plate 31 pushes the plastic blocks to the crushing roller 41, which is driven by the motor 42 to rotate to crush the plastic. The crushed plastic is then screened by the screening mesh 43 to obtain plastic fragments that meet the requirements.

[0057] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description in the specification and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the existing technology. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the existing technology, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the existing technology. It will not be described in detail here. The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the existing technology known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0058] It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, and all such improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A plastic product crushing device, characterized in that: include: Crushing box, extrusion mechanism for squeezing plastic products before crushing, pushing mechanism for pushing the extruded plastic products for crushing, crushing mechanism for crushing the plastic products; The extrusion mechanism includes: an extrusion plate for receiving and extruding the plastic product, a cylinder for driving the extrusion plate to extrude the plastic product, a hinged rod hinged to the extrusion plate, and a guide groove provided on the crushing box. An elastic component is provided between the extrusion plate and the hinged rod. The cylinder is fixedly installed on the top of the crushing box. The telescopic rod of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the hinged rod. The extrusion plate is slidably installed in the guide groove. The guide groove is composed of an extrusion guide groove and a turnover guide groove; the side wall of the turnover guide groove is provided with a wave groove; The elastic component includes: an arc-shaped sleeve rod fixedly mounted on the hinge rod, an arc-shaped pull rod slidably mounted in the arc-shaped sleeve rod, and a second spring for driving the arc-shaped pull rod to return to its original position; The bottom of the crushing box is also provided with a puncture mechanism; The puncture mechanism includes: a nail plate fixedly mounted on the bottom of the crushing box, a pressure plate slidably mounted on the nail plate, a return spring for driving the pressure plate to return to its original position, and a return assembly for preventing the pressure plate from getting stuck; the pressure plate is provided with a nail hole for the nail on the nail plate to pass through; The reset assembly includes: a piston ring sleeved on the arc-shaped pull rod, a cavity 1 opened in the arc-shaped sleeve rod, a cavity 2 and a cavity 3 opened at the bottom of the nail plate, a piston 1 slidably installed in the cavity 2, a piston 2 slidably installed in the cavity 3, and a lifting rod slidably installed in the cavity 3; the piston 1 is fixedly connected to the piston 2; the cavity 1 is connected to the cavity 2 through a hose.

2. A plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pushing mechanism includes: a pushing plate for pushing the plastic product, a second cylinder for driving the pushing plate to move, and a knocking component for knocking the extrusion plate synchronously with the movement of the second cylinder.

3. A plastic product crushing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The knocking assembly includes: a wave guide groove opened on the side wall of the crushing box, a knocking plate slidably installed in the push plate, and a rubber block fixedly installed on the knocking plate; the knocking plate is slidably installed in the wave guide groove.

4. A plastic product crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crushing mechanism includes: a crushing roller, a motor driving the crushing roller to rotate, and a screening screen for screening the crushed plastic fragments; the crushing roller is rotatably installed on the crushing box; the screening screen is detachably connected to the crushing box.

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