Water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function

Abstract

The application discloses a water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with a monitoring function for water content, and belongs to the field of water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels, and comprises the following components: itaconic acid, artemisia gel, an initiator, a crosslinking agent and MXene nanosheets; under the action of the initiator and the crosslinking agent, the itaconic acid, the artemisia gel and the MXene nanosheets are polymerized to obtain (poly-itaconic acid-artemisia gel) / MXene hydrogel, and the (poly-itaconic acid-artemisia gel) / MXene hydrogel is the water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel with the monitoring function for water content. In view of the blank of real-time water content monitoring of the existing water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogel, the application mainly prepares a water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogel which can realize real-time monitoring of water content by introducing MXene conductive material, so as to provide water for vegetation and realize real-time monitoring of the water content of the hydrogel.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels, and relates to a water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with a water content monitoring function. BACKGROUND

[0002] Water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels can help plants to lock water and thus improve vegetation coverage, which is of great significance to improving land desertification. The prior art has certain research on the improvement of the water-retaining performance, mechanical performance and anti-freezing performance of water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels. However, up to now, no technology has carried out relevant research on real-time water content monitoring of water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels. In arid and large diurnal temperature difference desert areas, the water loss of hydrogels is often large. If water cannot be replenished in time, plants will die of dehydration.

[0003] In addition, most of the raw materials used in the prior art for preparing water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogels are acrylic chemical materials. Chemical polymer materials will gradually degrade to produce monomer substances harmful to the environment in long-term high-temperature, strong ultraviolet exposure and harsh wind erosion environments, which has the risk of secondary pollution. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with a water content monitoring function, which solves the technical blank of real-time water content monitoring of the current water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogel, and the problem that the current water-retaining and sand-fixing hydrogel mainly uses chemical polymer materials, which has the risk of polluting the environment.

[0005] The technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0006] The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with a water content monitoring function comprises the following components: itaconic acid, artemisia gel, an initiator, a crosslinking agent and MXene nanosheets.

[0007] Under the action of the initiator and the crosslinking agent, the itaconic acid, the artemisia gel and the MXene nanosheets are polymerized to obtain a (poly-itaconic acid-artemisia gel) / MXene hydrogel, and the (poly-itaconic acid-artemisia gel) / MXene hydrogel is the water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel with a water content monitoring function.

[0008] In view of the blank of the existing water-retaining sand-fixing hydrogel in real-time water amount monitoring, the water-retaining sand-fixing hydrogel with the function of real-time monitoring of water content is prepared by introducing MXene conductive material, so as to provide water for vegetation and monitor the water content of the hydrogel in real time; when the water content of the hydrogel is low due to the consumption of water in the environment, the staff can supplement water in time according to the monitoring signal, so that the water for vegetation in the desert is continuously provided. The MXene conductive material is rich in active groups such as -OH on the surface, can form strong force with itaconic acid and safflower gum, and can play a good role in enhancing the mechanical properties when dispersed in the hydrogel.

[0009] The biomass material itaconic acid and safflower gum are used as basic skeleton structure units of the hydrogel, and the MXene conductive material is introduced in the preparation process of the poly-itaconic acid-safflower gum biomass hydrogel system, so that the (poly-itaconic acid-safflower gum) / MXene hydrogel is prepared; the resistance change of the hydrogel is monitored through the conductivity of MXene, so as to reflect the real-time water content of the hydrogel, and the mechanical properties of the hydrogel are improved; specifically, when the water content in the hydrogel increases, the number of hydrogen bonds between MXene and water molecules increases, the conductive network is more perfect, the resistance value decreases, and the conductivity increases; on the contrary, when the water content decreases, the number of hydrogen bonds decreases, the conductive network becomes incomplete, the resistance value increases, and the conductivity decreases; therefore, the water content in the hydrogel can be judged by monitoring the change of the resistance value or the conductivity.

[0010] In addition, the biomass raw materials itaconic acid and safflower gum are used to synthesize the hydrogel, so that the hydrogel has good biodegradability and avoids secondary pollution to the environment; and the carboxyl density of itaconic acid is higher than that of acrylic acid, so that the hydrogel has better water absorption and moisture retention performance; the safflower gum is a natural polysaccharide with strong viscosity, and has tight adhesion to loose sand particles.

[0011] Further, the mass ratio of the itaconic acid, safflower gum and MXene nanosheet is 13:1:2.

[0012] Further, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the addition amount of the initiator is 10% of the mass of the safflower gum.

[0013] Further, the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, and the addition amount of the crosslinking agent is 0.1%-0.2% of the mass of the itaconic acid.

[0014] Further, the MXene nanosheet is prepared by the following method:

[0015] The lithium fluoride is dissolved in an HCl solution with a concentration of 9 mol / L, Ti3AlC2 is added under ice-bath stirring, and after uniform stirring, the solution is placed in a 40 DEG C oil bath for etching for 48 h; after the etching is completed, the solution is centrifuged, washed with deionized water, and the precipitate is collected by centrifugation; the precipitate is added to deionized water, moved into a gas washing bottle, connected to a nitrogen gas source for bubbling, and after ultrasonic treatment for 2 h, the solution is centrifuged, and the upper liquid is collected to obtain a MXene solution; and the MXene solution is freeze-dried to obtain MXene nanosheets.

[0016] Further, the mass ratio of the lithium fluoride to Ti3AlC2 is 1.6:1.

[0017] The water-containing monitoring function water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material is prepared by the following method:

[0018] S1. Preparation of MXene nanosheets;

[0019] S2. Preparation of (poly-itaconic acid-saiga gum) / MXene hydrogel: saiga gum is added to a reaction container, NaOH solution is added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion, the dispersion is heated to 70 DEG C under nitrogen protection and stirred at constant temperature for 1.5 h, an aqueous solution of APS initiator is added, and stirring is continued for 25 min, and the reaction temperature is reduced to 50 DEG C to obtain a reaction system;

[0020] Itaconic acid, NaOH solution containing MBA crosslinking agent and MXene nanosheets are dispersed in water to obtain a suspension, and the suspension is added dropwise into the reaction system, after the dropwise addition is completed, the reaction system is slowly heated to 70 DEG C and stirred at constant temperature for 2 h, after the reaction is completed, water is added for washing to obtain a hydrogel system, and finally glycerol is added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain (poly-itaconic acid-saiga gum) / MXene hydrogel.

[0021] In the present application, itaconic acid is polymerized to form poly-itaconic acid, which is used as a molecular backbone of the hydrogel together with saiga gum, and MBA is used as a crosslinking point, and the hydroxyl groups on the MXene nanosheets and the carboxyl groups on the side chains of the poly-itaconic acid molecules form strong forces through hydrogen bonding, and are dispersed in the hydrogel to form a good mechanical enhancement effect, and the MXene nanosheets also endow the hydrogel with good electrical conductivity, and the change of the water content of the hydrogel can be monitored by monitoring the change of the resistance of the hydrogel.

[0022] Further, the concentration of the NaOH solution in the NaOH solution containing the MBA crosslinking agent is 8 mol / L.

[0023] Further, the saiga gum is added to a four-necked flask, and a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.067 mol / L is added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion.

[0024] To sum up, by adopting the technical scheme, the application has the beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. The water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with a water content monitoring function of the application takes biomass materials itaconic acid and safflower gum as the basic skeleton structure units of the hydrogel, and introduces MXene conductive material in the preparation process of the poly-itaconic acid-safflower gum biomass hydrogel system, to prepare (poly-itaconic acid-safflower gum) / MXene hydrogel, and the resistance change of the hydrogel is monitored through the conductive performance of MXene, so as to reflect the real-time water content of the hydrogel;

[0026] 2. The biomass raw materials itaconic acid and safflower gum are used to synthesize the hydrogel in the application, so that the hydrogel is endowed with good biodegradability, and secondary pollution to the environment is avoided;

[0027] 3. In the application, the hydroxyl groups on the MXene nanosheet and the carboxyl groups on the side chains of the poly-itaconic acid molecules form strong forces through hydrogen bonding, are dispersed in the hydrogel, and form good mechanical enhancement effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the application clearer and more understandable, the application will be further described in detail below in combination with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the application and are not used to limit the application, that is, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the application, but not all the embodiments.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but only represents selected embodiments of the application. Based on the embodiments of the application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work belong to the scope of protection of the application.

[0030] It should be noted that the relational terms such as "first" and "second" and the like are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply that there is any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "contain" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or equipment including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed or inherent to such process, method, article or equipment. Without more limitations, the element defined by the statement "including a" does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or equipment including the element.

[0031] The features and performances of the present application are described in further detail below in connection with examples.

[0032] The present application provides a water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function, comprising the following components: itaconic acid, artemisia gel, initiator, crosslinking agent and MXene nanosheet.

[0033] Under the action of the initiator and the crosslinking agent, the itaconic acid, the artemisia gel and the MXene nanosheet are polymerized to obtain a (poly-itaconic acid-artemisia gel) / MXene hydrogel, which is a water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel with water content monitoring function.

[0034] Preferably, the mass ratio of the itaconic acid, the artemisia gel and the MXene nanosheet is 13:1:2.

[0035] Preferably, the initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the addition amount of the initiator is 10% of the mass of the artemisia gel. The initiator can also be an initiator of an oxidation-reduction system, such as potassium persulfate-sodium bisulfite.

[0036] Preferably, the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and the addition amount of the crosslinking agent is 0.1%-0.2% of the mass of the itaconic acid.

[0037] Preferably, the MXene nanosheet is prepared by the following method:

[0038] Lithium fluoride is dissolved in an HCl solution with a concentration of 9 mol / L, and Ti3AlC2 is added under ice-bath stirring. After uniform stirring, the solution is placed in a 40℃ oil bath for etching for 48h. After the etching is completed, the solution is centrifuged, washed with deionized water, and the precipitate is collected by centrifugation. The precipitate is added to deionized water, moved into a gas washing bottle, connected to a nitrogen gas source for bubbling, and after ultrasonic treatment for 2h, the solution is centrifuged, and the upper liquid is collected to obtain a MXene solution. The MXene solution is freeze-dried to obtain MXene nanosheets.

[0039] Preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium fluoride to Ti3AlC2 is 1.6:1.

[0040] The preparation method of the above-mentioned water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function comprises the following steps:

[0041] S1. Preparation of MXene nanosheet;

[0042] S2. Preparation of (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel: salicornia gel was added to a reaction vessel, and a 0.067 mol / L NaOH solution was added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. The dispersion was heated to 70°C under nitrogen protection and stirred at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. An aqueous solution of APS initiator was added, and stirring was continued for 25 min. The reaction temperature was reduced to 50°C to obtain a reaction system;

[0043] Itaconic acid, a NaOH solution containing an MBA crosslinking agent, and MXene nanosheets dispersed in water were obtained to form a suspension. The concentration of NaOH in the NaOH solution containing the MBA crosslinking agent was 8 mol / L. The suspension was then added dropwise to the reaction system. After the dropwise addition was completed, the reaction system was slowly heated to 70°C and stirred at a constant temperature for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, water was added for washing to obtain a hydrogel system. Finally, glycerol was added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain a (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function provided by the specific embodiments of the present application is prepared by the following method:

[0046] S1. Preparation of MXene nanosheets: 1.6 g of lithium fluoride was dissolved in 20 mL of a 9 mol / L HCl solution, and ice bath stirring was performed. Then, 1.0 g of Ti3AlC2 was added and stirred uniformly. After that, the solution was placed in a 40°C oil bath for etching for 48 h. After the etching was completed, the solution was centrifuged and washed with deionized water. The precipitate was collected by centrifugation. The precipitate was added to deionized water and transferred to a gas washing bottle. Nitrogen gas was connected for bubbling, and ultrasonic treatment was performed for 2 h. The solution was centrifuged, and the upper liquid was collected to obtain a MXene solution. The upper liquid was freeze-dried to obtain a MXene solid powder, which is the MXene nanosheet;

[0047] S2. Preparation of (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel: 1.0 g of salicornia gel was added to a 250 mL four-necked flask. 50 mL of a 0.067 mol / L NaOH solution was added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. The solution was heated to 70°C under nitrogen protection and stirred at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. 4 mL of an aqueous solution containing 0.1 g of APS initiator was added, and stirring was continued for 25 min. The reaction temperature was reduced to 50°C to obtain a reaction system;

[0048] A solution of 13 g of itaconic acid, 0.0216 g of MBA crosslinking agent contained in NaOH (the concentration of NaOH is 8 mol / L, and the amount added is 8.5 mL), and 2 g of MXene dispersed in 10 g of water is added dropwise to the reaction system, after the dropwise addition is completed, the system is slowly heated to 70 DEG C and constant temperature stirring reaction is carried out for 2 h, after the reaction is completed, the excess unreacted MXene is washed away with water, 2 g of glycerol is added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] The water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material provided by the specific embodiments of the present application has the function of monitoring the water content and is prepared by the following method:

[0051] S1, preparation of MXene nanosheet: 1.6 g of lithium fluoride is dissolved in 20 mL of HCl solution with a concentration of 9 mol / L, and ice bath stirring is performed, 1.0 g of Ti3AlC2 is added, and after uniform stirring, it is dissolved in a 40 DEG C oil bath for etching for 48 h; after the etching is completed, the solution is centrifuged, washed with deionized water, and the precipitate is collected by centrifugation; the precipitate is added to deionized water, moved into a gas washing bottle, connected to a nitrogen gas source for bubbling, and ultrasonically treated for 2 h; the solution is centrifuged, and the upper liquid is collected to obtain a MXene solution, and the upper liquid is freeze-dried to obtain a MXene solid powder, which is the MXene nanosheet;

[0052] S2, preparation of (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel: 1.0 g of salicornia gel is added to a 250 mL four-necked flask, 50 mL of NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.067 mol / L is added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion, and the solution is heated to 70 DEG C and constant temperature stirring is performed for 1.5 h under nitrogen protection, 4 mL of water solution containing 0.1 g of APS initiator is added, and stirring is continued for 25 min, and the reaction temperature is reduced to 50 DEG C to obtain a reaction system;

[0053] A solution of 13 g of itaconic acid, 0.0216 g of MBA crosslinking agent contained in NaOH (the concentration of NaOH is 8 mol / L, and the amount added is 8.5 mL), and 2 g of MXene dispersed in 10 g of water is added dropwise to the reaction system, after the dropwise addition is completed, the system is slowly heated to 70 DEG C and constant temperature stirring reaction is carried out for 2 h, after the reaction is completed, the excess unreacted MXene is washed away with water, 2 g of glycerol is added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] The water-retaining sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material provided by the specific embodiments of the present application has the function of monitoring the water content and is prepared by the following method:

[0056] S1, Preparation of MXene nanosheets: 1.6 g of lithium fluoride was dissolved in 20 mL of HCl solution with a concentration of 9 mol / L, and stirred in an ice bath. Then, 1.0 g of Ti3AlC2 was added and stirred uniformly. After that, the solution was placed in a 40°C oil bath for etching for 48 h. After the etching was completed, the solution was centrifuged and washed with deionized water, and the precipitate was collected by centrifugation. The precipitate was added to deionized water and transferred to a gas washing bottle, and connected to a nitrogen gas source for bubbling. The solution was ultrasonically treated for 2 h. The solution was centrifuged, and the upper liquid was collected to obtain a MXene solution. The upper liquid was freeze-dried to obtain a MXene solid powder, which was the MXene nanosheet;

[0057] S2, Preparation of (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel: 1.0 g of salicornia gel was added to a 250 mL four-necked flask, and 50 mL of NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.067 mol / L was added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. The solution was heated to 70°C under nitrogen protection and stirred at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. Then, 4 mL of water containing 0.1 g of APS initiator was added, and the stirring was continued for 25 min. The reaction temperature was reduced to 50°C, and the reaction system was obtained.

[0058] Then, 13 g of itaconic acid, 2 g of MXene dispersed in 10 g of water, and a solution of NaOH containing 0.026 g of MBA crosslinking agent (the concentration of NaOH was 8 mol / L, and the amount added was 8.5 mL) were added dropwise to the reaction system. After the dropwise addition was completed, the system was slowly heated to 70°C and stirred at a constant temperature for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, the excess unreacted MXene was washed away with water. Then, 2 g of glycerol was added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain the (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) / MXene hydrogel.

[0059] Comparative Example 1

[0060] Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no MXene nanosheets are added in this comparative example, and only a poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel hydrogel is prepared. 1.0 g of salicornia gel was added to a 250 mL four-necked flask, and 50 mL of NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.067 mol / L was added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. The solution was heated to 70°C under nitrogen protection and stirred at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. Then, 4 mL of water containing 0.1 g of APS initiator was added, and the stirring was continued for 25 min. The reaction temperature was reduced to 50°C, and the reaction system was obtained.

[0061] A solution of 13 g of itaconic acid and 0.0216 g of MBA crosslinking agent (the concentration of NaOH was 8 mol / L, and the amount added was 8.5 mL) was added dropwise to the reaction system, and after the dropwise addition was completed, the system was slowly heated to 70°C and stirred at constant temperature for 2 h. After the reaction was completed, 2 g of glycerol was added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred uniformly to obtain a (poly-itaconic acid-salicornia gel) hydrogel.

[0062] Comparative Example 2

[0063] Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no salicornia gel is added in this comparative example: after the polymerization of itaconic acid under the action of the initiator, a MXene nanosheet dispersion liquid is added, so that the MXene nanosheet is dispersed in the poly-itaconic acid to obtain the product of Comparative Example 2. The amount of itaconic acid, initiator and MXene nanosheet added in this comparative example is the same as the corresponding components in Example 1, and the method of polymerization of itaconic acid under the action of the initiator directly uses the prior art.

[0064] Comparative Example 3

[0065] Based on Example 1, the difference between this comparative example and Example 1 is that no itaconic acid is added in this comparative example, and MXene is directly dispersed in salicornia gel: 1.0 g of salicornia gel is added to a 250 mL four-necked flask, 50 mL of a NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.067 mol / L is added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion liquid, and the solution is heated to 70°C under nitrogen protection and stirred at constant temperature for 1.5 h. Then a suspension of MXene nanosheets is added, and the stirring reaction is continued for 25 min to obtain the product of Comparative Example 3.

[0066] Test Example 1

[0067] The products prepared in Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were detected for conductivity, sand fixation and water retention, and the detection results are shown in Table 1.

[0068] The detection method of conductivity is as follows: the sample is placed on a flat electrode, electrolyte is dropped, and the color change of the sample is observed. If there is a significant color change, it indicates that the sample has certain conductivity.

[0069] Sand fixation: the sand fixation of the present application includes surface consolidation effect research of sand cake, water erosion resistance and wind erosion resistance performance research of sand cake;

[0070] Surface consolidation effect research of sand cake: a certain amount of sand is weighed and placed in a surface dish, 0.5%-3% of water gel by mass ratio is added, and mixed uniformly to obtain a sand cake soaked with water gel. After natural drying, the surface sample of the sand cake is taken for gold spraying treatment and SEM scanning. The sand cake soaked with distilled water is used as a comparative sample.

[0071] Sand cake water erosion resistance and wind erosion resistance performance research: a series of sand cake samples are prepared using hydrogel samples with different solid contents, the surface of the sand cake is first wetted, then the center of the sand cake is used for runoff simulation, the runoff is maintained for 1min, then the sand pile is baked in an oven at 60 DEG C for 24h to constant weight. Repeat the above cycle process 10 times. The anti-water erosion performance is reflected by measuring the mass residual rate of the sand cake after each cycle.

[0072] The surface of the sand cake mixed with hydrogel is blown in parallel using a hair dryer, the wind speed is gradually increased from low to high (strong wind < strong wind < strong wind < strong wind < strong wind, wind speed range: 10-23m / s), the real-time wind speed on the surface of the sand pile is monitored using an anemometer, and the fixed wind speed is maintained for 10min, the damage to the consolidated layer caused by different wind levels is observed, and the mass loss rate of the sand pile before and after the test is calculated to evaluate the wind erosion resistance performance.

[0073] Water retention: sand cake water retention performance research: the water-saturated sand cake sample is placed in a beaker, and is placed in an air drying machine with a temperature setting of 50 DEG C, the mass of the sand cake sample is weighed every two hours until the mass is constant. The water retention rate is obtained by the mass ratio of the mass after the mass is constant to the initial mass.

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] According to the data in table 1, the application has conductivity, can detect water content, and has good water retention and sand fixation performance.

[0077] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the application and does not limit the protection scope of the application, any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the application should be included in the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function, characterized in that: It includes the following components: itaconic acid, Artemisia argyi, initiator, crosslinking agent, and MXene nanosheets; Under the action of initiator and crosslinking agent, itaconic acid, Artemisia argyi and MXene nanosheets are polymerized to obtain (polyitaconic acid-Artemisia argyi) / MXene hydrogel, which is a water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel with water content monitoring function. The mass ratio of itaconic acid, Artemisia argyi, and MXene nanosheets is 13:1:

2. The crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and the amount of crosslinking agent added is 0.1%-0.2% of the mass of itaconic acid; The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function is prepared by the following method: S1. Preparation of MXene nanosheets; S2. Preparation of (polyitacic acid-Artemisia argyi) / MXene hydrogel: Artemisia argyi was added to the reaction vessel, then NaOH solution was added and stirred to form a uniform dispersion. Under nitrogen protection, the dispersion was heated to 70℃ and stirred at a constant temperature for 1.5 h. Then an aqueous solution of ammonium persulfate initiator was added, and stirring was continued for 25 min. The reaction temperature was then lowered to 50℃ to obtain the reaction system. Itaconic acid, a NaOH solution containing N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide crosslinking agent, and MXene nanosheets were dispersed in water to obtain a suspension. The suspension was then added dropwise to the reaction system. After the addition was complete, the reaction system was slowly heated to 70°C and stirred at a constant temperature for 2 hours. After the reaction was completed, the system was washed with water to obtain a hydrogel system. Finally, glycerol was added to the obtained hydrogel system and stirred until homogeneous to obtain (polyitaconic acid-salicylic acid) / MXene hydrogel.

2. The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initiator is ammonium persulfate, and the amount of initiator added is 10% of the mass of Artemisia argyi.

3. The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The MXene nanosheets were prepared by the following method: Lithium fluoride was dissolved in a 9 mol / L HCl solution, and Ti3AlC2 was added under ice bath stirring. After stirring evenly, the solution was etched in a 40℃ oil bath for 48 h. After etching, the solution was centrifuged, washed with deionized water, and the precipitate was collected by centrifugation. The precipitate was added to deionized water, transferred to a gas washing bottle, connected to a nitrogen gas source for bubbling, and sonicated for 2 h. The solution was then centrifuged, and the supernatant was collected to obtain the MXene solution. The MXene solution was freeze-dried to obtain MXene nanosheets.

4. The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of lithium fluoride to Ti3AlC2 is 1.6:

1.

5. The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of NaOH solution in the NaOH solution containing N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide crosslinking agent is 8 mol / L.

6. The water-retaining and sand-fixing biomass hydrogel material with water content monitoring function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Add the Artemisia argyi gum to a four-necked flask, then add a 0.067 mol / L NaOH solution and stir to form a uniform dispersion.

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