Ball drop actuated downhole tool assembly

Abstract

The application discloses a ball-throwing excited downhole tool assembly, which comprises a shell, a shielding piston III, an upper end cavity, a No.4 ball seat, a shielding piston II, a No.3 ball seat, a No.2 ball seat, a shielding piston I, a lower end cavity and a No.1 ball seat; the No.1 ball seat is fixed in the lower end cavity through a shear pin I, the shielding piston I and the No.2 ball seat are connected through a shear pin II, thereby forming a small assembly I, the small assembly I is connected in the lower end cavity through a shear pin III; the shielding piston II and the No.3 ball seat are connected through a shear pin V, thereby forming a small assembly II, the small assembly II is connected in the shielding piston II through a shear pin IV; the shielding piston III and the No.4 ball seat are connected through a shear pin VI, thereby forming a small assembly III, and the small assembly III is connected in the shielding piston III through a shear pin VII. The assembly can be combined with a reamer tool, so that after the reamer is excited, the working state of the tool can be switched back to the normal state, and then the tool can continue normal drilling with large displacement or large-displacement circulation tripping.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and particularly relates to a ball-throwing activated downhole tool assembly. BACKGROUND

[0002] The technology of activating downhole tools to make corresponding actions to realize certain specific functions by throwing balls to cut and shear shear pins to build up pressure is widely used in downhole tools, such as hydraulic hole enlargers, hydraulic wall scrapers, hydraulic centralizers, hydraulic variable-diameter stabilizers, etc. This kind of technology has simple structure, is reliable, and has obvious activation signal, but the traditional structure can only throw one ball, and the tool cannot be reset after being activated. Taking a common hydraulic hole enlarger as an example, the hole enlarger uses single-ball activation, a start ball is thrown into the start mechanism when the hole enlarger is working, the start ball falls into the start mechanism to cut and shear the shear pin to build up pressure, the main fluid channel and the bypass fluid channel are opened, the main fluid continues to flow downward to the pilot bit, the bypass fluid drives the cutter to extend and clean and cool the cutter, and the cutter is retracted by spring reset after the hole enlarging is completed by stopping the pump or reducing the pump pressure. This kind of hole enlarger cannot realize switching the working state back to the normal drilling state (large displacement drilling but the cutter does not extend) after being activated, and cannot realize large displacement circulation tripping (large displacement circulation tripping but the cutter does not extend). SUMMARY

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a ball-throwing activated downhole tool assembly which, in combination with a hole enlarging tool, can realize switching the working state of the hole enlarger back to the normal state after being activated.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present application is that the ball-throwing activated downhole tool assembly comprises a shell, a blocking piston III, an upper end cavity, a No. 4 ball seat, a blocking piston II, a No. 3 ball seat, a No. 2 ball seat, a blocking piston I, a lower end cavity, and a No. 1 ball seat. The shell is provided with the upper end cavity and the lower end cavity, the lower end cavity is provided with a shunt hole II, the upper end cavity is provided with a shunt hole III, the No. 1 ball seat is fixed in the inner hole of the lower end cavity by a shear pin I, the No. 1 ball seat is provided with a shunt hole I, the blocking piston I and the No. 2 ball seat are connected by a shear pin II to form a small assembly I, the small assembly I is connected in the inner hole of the lower end cavity by a shear pin III, the blocking piston II and the No. 3 ball seat are connected by a shear pin V to form a small assembly II, the small assembly II is connected in the inner hole of the blocking piston II by a shear pin IV, and the blocking piston III and the No. 4 ball seat are connected by a shear pin VI to form a small assembly III, the small assembly III is connected in the inner hole of the blocking piston III by a shear pin VII.

[0005] The present application has the following characteristics,

[0006] The activation pressure of the shear pin III is less than that of the shear pin II, the activation pressure of the shear pin IV is less than that of the shear pin V, and the activation pressure of the shear pin VII is less than that of the shear pin VI.

[0007] The first ball seat is provided with a V-shaped throwing frame at the right end, which is used for cooperating with the ball A, and the inner diameter D1 is smaller than the diameter of the ball A.

[0008] The second ball seat is provided with a V-shaped throwing frame at the left end, which is used for cooperating with the ball B, and the inner diameter D2 is smaller than the diameter of the ball B but larger than the diameter of the ball A.

[0009] The third ball seat is provided with a V-shaped throwing frame at the left end, which is used for cooperating with the ball C, and the inner diameter D3 is smaller than the diameter of the ball C but larger than the diameter of the ball B.

[0010] The fourth ball seat is provided with a V-shaped throwing frame at the left end, which is used for cooperating with the ball D, and the inner diameter D4 is smaller than the diameter of the ball D but larger than the diameter of the ball C.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present application are that the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly can be used on the downhole tools such as the hole enlarging device, the variable diameter stabilizer and the bypass valve, the working state of the downhole tool is changed through the ball throwing and exciting structure, a small ball is thrown to open a certain function, a large ball is thrown to reset, the tool is excited and reset repeatedly twice. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is the initial state diagram of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application;

[0013] Figure 2 It is the state diagram of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application after the ball A is thrown in;

[0014] Figure 3 It is the state diagram of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application after the ball B is thrown in;

[0015] Figure 4 It is the state diagram of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application after the ball C is thrown in;

[0016] Figure 5 It is the state diagram of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application after the ball D is thrown in;

[0017] Figure 6 It is the application state diagram (one) of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application on the hole enlarging device;

[0018] Figure 7 It is the application state diagram (two) of the ball throwing and exciting downhole tool assembly of the present application on the hole enlarging device;

[0019] In the diagram, 300. Ball-launching downhole tool assembly; 301. Housing; 302. Blocking piston III; 303. Upper end cap; 304. Upper cavity; 305. No. 4 ball seat; 306. Diverter hole III; 307. Blocking piston II; 308. No. 3 ball seat; 309. No. 2 ball seat; 310. Blocking piston I; 311. Diverter hole II; 312. Lower cavity; 313. Diverter hole I; 314. Lower end cap; 315. No. 1 ball seat; 316. Shear pin I; 317. Shear pin II; 318. Shear pin III 319. Shear pin IV, 320. Shear pin V, 321. Shear pin VI, 322. Shear pin VII, 3004. Ball A, 3005. Ball B, 3004. Ball C, 3005. Ball D, 3. Guide sleeve, 4. Nozzle, 5. Blade, 101. Arrow A, 102. Arrow B, 103. Arrow C, 201. Arrow D, 202. Arrow E, 203. Arrow F, 204. Arrow G, 205. Arrow H, 3001. Arrow I, 3002. Arrow J, 3003. Arrow K. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The present invention relates to a ball-launched downhole tool assembly, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes a housing 301, a blocking piston III 302, an upper end cover 303, an upper end cavity 304, a fourth ball seat 305, a diversion hole III 306, a blocking piston II 307, a third ball seat 308, a second ball seat 309, a blocking piston I 310, a diversion hole II 311, a lower end cavity 312, a diversion hole I 313, a lower end cover 314, a first ball seat 315, a shear pin I 316, a shear pin II 317, and a shear pin... Pin III 318, shear pin IV 319, shear pin V 320, shear pin VI 321, shear pin VII 322; adopting a ball-throwing type excitation structure, it can selectively excite a certain tool to complete the action and reset the tool. This ball-throwing type excitation structure requires throwing a total of 4 balls, which must be thrown in sequence: the first ball A3004, the second ball B3005, the third ball C3006, and the fourth ball D3007.

[0023] The tool has five working states: the first state is a non-ball-throwing state, the three shunt holes are in a closed state, and the fluid flows to the tool main channel; the second state is a state after throwing ball A, shunt hole I and shunt hole II are opened, the fluid is shunted, a part flows to shunt hole II, and the other part continues to flow to the main channel through shunt hole I; the third state is a state after throwing ball B, shunt hole II is closed, and the fluid again flows to the lower main channel of the tool; the fourth state is a state after throwing ball C, shunt hole III is opened, and the fluid is shunted again, a part flows to shunt hole III, and the other part continues to flow to the main channel through shunt hole I; the fifth state is a state after throwing ball D, shunt hole III is closed, and the fluid again flows to the lower main channel of the tool through shunt hole I. The balls are thrown in a certain order, and only ball A, ball B, ball C and ball D can be thrown in turn. If the ball throwing order is wrong, although it will not cause a downhole accident, it will not play a role in switching the tool state.

[0024] The shell 301 is provided with an upper end cavity 304 and a lower end cavity 312, the upper end cavity 304 is provided with an upper end cover 303, the lower end cavity 312 is provided with a lower end cover 314, and the lower end cavity 312 is provided with a shunt hole II 311; the upper end cavity 304 is provided with a shunt hole III 306;

[0025] The first ball seat 315 is fixed in the inner hole of the lower end cavity 312 through shear pins I 316, the number of shear pins I 316 can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the need of the excitation pressure, and the first ball seat 315 is provided with a shunt hole I 313; when no ball is thrown, the left end cylindrical surface of the first ball seat 315 blocks the left side shunt hole I 313 of the lower end cavity, and after the pump is opened, the fluid can only flow along the central channel of the first ball seat 315, at this time the fluid flow direction is as shown by arrow I 3001. The right side shunt hole I 313 of the lower ball seat 315 does not work, and the shunt hole I 313 can be perpendicular to the central axis or have a certain angle with the central axis.

[0026] The right end of the first ball seat 315 is provided with a V-shaped throwing frame, the V-shaped throwing frame is used for cooperating with ball A 3004, and the inner diameter D1 is smaller than the diameter of ball A 3004.

[0027] As shown in Figure 2 : after ball A 3004 is thrown, ball A 3004 falls into the V-shaped throwing frame of the first ball seat 315, the fluid channel is temporarily blocked, the pressure rises to a certain degree, the shear pins I 316 are sheared off, the first ball seat 315 and ball A 3004 move together, are limited by the lower end cover 314, the shunt hole I 313 of the first ball seat 315 is opened, and the shunt hole II 311 of the lower end cavity 312 is also opened. At this time, the fluid flow direction is: a part of the fluid flows into the main channel from the shunt hole I 313, as shown by arrow J 3002, this part of the fluid flows to the lower part of the drill string or the drill bit; another part of the fluid flows out from the shunt hole II 311, as shown by arrow K 3003, this part of the fluid can be used to excite the downhole tool to generate a certain action.

[0028] As Figure 3 shown: the blocking piston Ⅰ 310 and the second ball seat 309 are connected together through the shear pin Ⅱ 317, forming a small assembly Ⅰ, which is connected in the lower chamber 312 inner hole through the shear pin Ⅲ 318. The activation pressure of the shear pin Ⅲ 318 must be less than that of the shear pin Ⅱ 317. The shear pin Ⅲ 318 must be cut off first, and then the shear pin Ⅱ 317 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin Ⅱ 317 is cut off first, which will cause the ball B3005 to lose its effect and fail to close the shunt hole Ⅱ 311, resulting in the tool being unable to be reset.

[0029] After the ball B3005 is put in, the shear pin Ⅲ 318 is cut off first, driving the blocking piston Ⅰ 310 to move to the right, plugging the shunt hole Ⅱ 311 of the lower chamber 312, and being limited by the left side end face of the first ball seat 315. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally the shear pin Ⅱ 317 is cut off, and then the second ball seat 309 and the ball B3005 move together and finally fall into the first ball seat 315. At this time, the shunt hole Ⅱ 311 is in a closed state, and the fluid flows along the arrow J3002 to the tool main channel.

[0030] The left end of the second ball seat 309 has a V-shaped frame, which is used to cooperate with the ball B3005, and its inner diameter D2 is smaller than the diameter of the ball B3005 but larger than the diameter of the ball A3004.

[0031] As Figure 4 shown: the blocking piston Ⅱ 307 and the third ball seat 308 are connected together through the shear pin Ⅴ 320, forming a small assembly Ⅱ, which is connected in the blocking piston Ⅱ 307 inner hole through the shear pin Ⅳ 319. The activation pressure of the shear pin Ⅳ 319 must be less than that of the shear pin Ⅴ 320. The shear pin Ⅳ 319 must be cut off first, and then the shear pin Ⅴ 320 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin Ⅴ 320 is cut off first, which will cause the ball C3006 to lose its effect and fail to open the shunt hole Ⅲ 306, and fail to activate the downhole tool to produce a certain action.

[0032] After the ball C3006 is put in, the shear pin IV 319 is first cut off, which drives the blocking piston II 307 to move right, opens the shunt hole III 306 of the upper chamber 304, and is limited by the left end face of the blocking piston I 310. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally the shear pin V 320 is cut off, then the third ball seat 308 and the ball C3006 move together, and finally fall into the first ball seat 315. At this time, the shunt hole II 311 is in a closed state, a part of the fluid flows into the main channel from the shunt hole I 313, as shown by the arrow J3002, and this part of the fluid flows to the lower drill string or the drill bit; another part of the fluid flows out from the shunt hole III 306, as shown by the arrow K3003, and this part of the fluid can be used to trigger the downhole tool to generate a certain action.

[0033] The left end of the third ball seat 308 has a V-shaped throwing frame, which is used in cooperation with the ball C3006, and the inner diameter D3 is smaller than the diameter of the ball C3006 but larger than the diameter of the ball B3005.

[0034] As shown in Figure 5 The blocking piston III 302 and the fourth ball seat 305 are connected together through the shear pin VI 321 to form a small assembly III, and the small assembly III is connected in the inner hole of the blocking piston III 302 through the shear pin VII 322. The triggering pressure of the shear pin VII 322 must be smaller than that of the shear pin VI 321. The shear pin VII 322 must be cut off first, and then the shear pin VI 321 can be broken. If the order is reversed, the shear pin VI 321 is cut off first, which will cause the ball D3007 to lose its effect and fail to close the shunt hole III 306, resulting in the tool being unable to be reset.

[0035] After the ball D3007 is put in, the shear pin VII 322 is first cut off, which drives the blocking piston III 302 to move right, blocks the shunt hole III 306 of the upper chamber 304, and is limited by the left end face of the blocking piston II 307. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally the shear pin VI 321 is cut off, then the fourth ball seat 305 and the ball D3007 move together, and finally fall into the first ball seat 315. At this time, the shunt hole III 306 is in a closed state, and the fluid flows along the arrow J3002 to the main channel of the tool.

[0036] The left end of the fourth ball seat 305 has a V-shaped throwing frame, which is used in cooperation with the ball D3007, and the inner diameter D4 is smaller than the diameter of the ball D3007 but larger than the diameter of the ball C3006.

[0037] After the ball D3007 is put in, the shear pin VII 322 is first cut off, which drives the blocking piston III 302 to move right, blocks the shunt hole III 306 of the upper chamber 304, and is limited by the left end face of the blocking piston II 307. At this time, the pressure continues to rise, and finally the shear pin VI 321 is cut off, then the fourth ball seat 305 and the ball D3007 move together, and finally fall into the first ball seat 315. At this time, the shunt hole III 306 is in a closed state, and the fluid flows along the arrow J3002 to the main channel of the tool.

[0038] The materials for balls A3004, B3005, C3006, and D3007 can be steel, copper, resin, or soluble. Ball seats 1 (315), 2 (309), 3 (308), 4 (305), blocking pistons I (310), II (307), III (302), and guide sleeve 3 can be made of corrosion-resistant materials or have their outer surfaces coated with hard materials such as tungsten carbide to improve corrosion resistance.

[0039] Example 2

[0040] like Figure 6 The image shows the state of the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly when it is applied to the reamer without a ball being dropped. At this time, fluid flows along arrows A101, B102, and C103. Diversion holes I 313, II 311, and III 306 are all closed. No fluid flows out of nozzle 4, and the cutter wing 5 is retracted.

[0041] Example 3

[0042] like Figure 7 The image shows the state of the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly after three balls have been dropped into the reamer. At this time, shunt holes I 313 and III 306 are open, while shunt hole II 311 is closed. The fluid flow is as follows: a portion of the fluid flows out from shunt hole III 306, through nozzle 4, and into the wellbore annulus. This portion is used to cool and flush the cutter wings 5, as shown by arrows G204 and H205. The other portion of the fluid flows from shunt hole I 313 into the main channel, as shown by arrow F203, and flows down to the lower drill string or drill bit. At this time, the cutter wings 5 ​​are extended due to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the drill string. After the ball-dropping downhole tool assembly is applied to the reamer, a guide sleeve 3 is installed inside the reamer housing. The outer cylindrical surface of the guide sleeve is tightly fitted against the inner bore of the reamer housing, and a V-shaped structure on the right side protects the inner bore of the housing and the right-side connector from fluid erosion.

Claims

1. A ball-launching downhole tool assembly, characterized in that, The system includes a housing (301), a blocking piston III (302), an upper cavity (304), a ball seat No. 4 (305), a blocking piston II (307), a ball seat No. 3 (308), a ball seat No. 2 (309), a blocking piston I (310), a lower cavity (312), and a ball seat No. 1 (315). The housing (301) contains an upper cavity (304) and a lower cavity (312). A diversion hole II (311) is provided on the lower cavity (312). A diversion hole III (306) is provided on the upper cavity (304). The ball seat No. 1 (315) is fixed in the inner hole of the lower cavity (312) by a shear pin I (316). A diversion hole I (316) is provided on the ball seat No. 1 (315). 13); The blocking piston I (310) and the second ball seat (309) are connected by shear pin II (317) to form a small assembly I, which is connected to the inner hole of the lower end cavity (312) by shear pin III (318); The blocking piston II (307) and the third ball seat (308) are connected by shear pin V (320) to form a small assembly II, which is connected to the inner hole of the blocking piston II (307) by shear pin IV (319); The blocking piston III (302) and the fourth ball seat (305) are connected by shear pin VI (321) to form a small assembly III, which is connected to the inner hole of the blocking piston III (302) by shear pin VII (322).

2. The ball-launching downhole tool assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The activation pressure of shear pin III (318) is less than that of shear pin II (317); the activation pressure of shear pin IV (319) is less than that of shear pin V (320); and the activation pressure of shear pin VII (322) is less than that of shear pin VI (321).

3. The ball-launching downhole tool assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The right end of the ball seat (315) is provided with a V-shaped projection frame, which is used to cooperate with ball A (3004), and the inner diameter D1 is smaller than the diameter of ball A (3004).

4. The ball-launching downhole tool assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The left end of the second ball seat (309) is provided with a V-shaped projection frame, which is used to cooperate with ball B (3005). Its inner diameter D2 is smaller than the diameter of ball B (3005) but larger than the diameter of ball A (3004).

5. The ball-dropping downhole tool assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The left end of ball seat No. 3 (308) is provided with a V-shaped projection frame, which is used to cooperate with ball C (3006). Its inner diameter D3 is smaller than the diameter of ball C (3006) but larger than the diameter of ball B (3005).

6. The ball-dropping downhole tool assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that, The left end of the fourth ball seat (305) is provided with a V-shaped projection frame, which is used to cooperate with ball D (3007). Its inner diameter D4 is smaller than the diameter of ball D (3007) but larger than the diameter of ball C (3006).

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