Mine air duct filter dust removal structure

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of coal mine air duct, and provides a mine air duct filtering and dust removing structure, which comprises an air duct body, a first supporting plate is fixedly installed in the air duct body, a rotating plate is rotatably installed on the first supporting plate, a first rotating power member for driving the rotating plate to rotate is fixedly installed on the first supporting plate, and a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the rotating plate; a partition plate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the air duct body, and a through slot is formed in the middle of the partition plate, so as to solve the technical problem that the filter screen needs to be removed and cleaned when cleaning in the prior art, and the air duct gas conveying effect is affected, the filter screen to be replaced is isolated by two groups of replacement covers, the filter screen to be cleaned is taken off from the rotating plate by the grabbing assembly in one group of replacement covers, and then the clean filter screen is installed on the rotating plate, so that the replacement is completed, and the present application can be widely applied to the replacement and cleaning operation scene of the filter screen.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine air ducts, and in particular relates to a filtering and dust removal structure of a mine air duct. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine air ducts are flexible pipes used in tunnels, coal mines, subways, and underground to guide air flow in a certain direction. Depending on the manufacturing material, there are flexible air ducts made of canvas, artificial leather, plastic, and rubber, and metal air ducts made of iron sheets and aluminum plates.

[0003] In the prior art, air is input into the coal mine by using an air duct. However, due to the mining work, some of the dust floating in the coal mine will float to the outside, and the air outside the coal mine will be mixed with dust. Therefore, the air input into the coal mine by the air duct will be mixed with a large amount of dust. The air inlet end of the existing air duct is generally fixed with a filter. After long-term use of filtering, the filter will be clogged by dust, affecting the air input of the air duct, thus posing a safety hazard. In response to the above technical problems, the applicant has retrieved some prior art, such as CN217632535U. When in use, the filter is pressed to separate the card column from the No. 1 circular hole on the card plate, and then the filter is rotated to disassemble the filter, so that the dust clogging the filter can be cleaned. However, each time it is cleaned, the use of the air duct needs to be stopped and the filter needs to be disassembled for cleaning, which causes the air duct to be unable to continuously transport gas, affecting the gas supply effect of the air duct. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure, aiming to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the air duct needs to be stopped and the filter screen removed for cleaning during cleaning, which affects the air supply effect of the air duct.

[0005] The present invention is achieved by providing a dust removal structure for a mining air duct, comprising an air duct body, a first support plate fixedly mounted in the air duct body, a rotating plate rotatably mounted on the first support plate, and a first rotating power member fixedly mounted on the first support plate to drive the rotating plate to rotate, wherein a plurality of filter screens are arranged in the rotating plate;

[0006] A partition is fixedly installed on the outer side of the air duct body, a through slot is opened in the middle of the partition, and replacement covers are slidably installed on both sides of the partition. Servo modules for driving the replacement cover to move are provided on both sides of the partition. The replacement cover extends into the air duct body and the replacement cover is in sliding contact with the rotating plate. A grabbing component for grabbing the filter is provided in the replacement cover, a protective cover covering the replacement cover is provided on the partition, and a collection component for collecting impurities on the filter is provided on the protective cover, and an aerodynamic component for driving the air flow in the air duct body and cleaning the filter is provided in the air duct body.

[0007] Further technical solution: the outer side surface of the rotating plate is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the air duct body, and multiple groups of penetrating mounting grooves are provided on the rotating plate. The multiple groups of mounting grooves are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the rotating plate. A filter rack is slidably installed in the mounting groove, and the filter screen is fixedly installed in the filter rack. The filter rack is made of magnetic material.

[0008] Further technical solution: a fixing groove is opened on the surface of the installation groove close to the axis of the rotating plate, and two groups of connecting areas are provided with the fixing groove and the installation groove. A fixing plate is slidably installed in the fixing groove, and both ends of the fixing plate extend from the connecting position of the fixing groove and the installation groove. The ends of the fixing plate are both provided with an inclined surface structure. A telescopic rod is fixedly installed in the fixing groove, and the telescopic rod is distributed along the radial direction of the rotating plate and the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the fixing plate. A first elastic member is fixedly installed in the fixing groove, and the first elastic member is fixedly connected to the fixing plate.

[0009] Further technical solution: The grabbing assembly includes a telescopic part, which is fixedly installed in the replacement cover. A horizontal plate is fixedly installed at the output end of the telescopic part. Electromagnets are fixedly installed at both ends of the horizontal plate. When the electromagnets are energized, they adsorb the filter frame.

[0010] Further technical solution: The aerodynamic component includes a second support plate, the second support plate is fixedly installed in the air duct body, a rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the second support plate, a first fan blade is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft, and a second rotating power component that drives the rotating shaft to rotate is fixedly installed on the second support plate.

[0011] Further technical solution: The aerodynamic component also includes an air collecting pipe, which is fixedly installed in the air duct body. A cleaning shaft coaxially arranged with the air collecting pipe is rotatably installed in the air duct body. A second fan blade is fixedly installed on the cleaning shaft and the cleaning shaft is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft through a gear set. The air outlet end of the air collecting pipe is connected to the air supply pipe, and the end of the air supply pipe away from the air collecting pipe is connected to one of the groups of replacement covers.

[0012] Further technical solution: The collection component includes a collection trough, which is opened at the bottom of the protective cover and is located in the projection area of ​​one group of replacement covers to the bottom of the protective cover. A baffle that blocks the collection trough is slidably installed at the bottom of the protective cover. A second elastic member connected to the baffle is fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective cover. A cloth bag covering the baffle is provided at the bottom of the protective cover, and a lower pressure frame is fixedly installed on the replacement cover corresponding to the collection trough.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Isolate the filter to be replaced by two sets of replacement covers. At this time, the air in the air duct body can flow normally through other sets of filters. The replacement cover away from the filtering surface of the filter carries the cleaned filter through the grabbing assembly, and then the filter to be cleaned is removed from the rotating plate through the grabbing assembly in the other set of replacement covers, and then the clean filter is installed on the rotating plate to complete the replacement. Subsequently, the first rotating power part drives the rotating plate to rotate the set angle so that the next set of filters is located below the rotating plate. Repeat the above steps to replace the filter, realizing the cyclic replacement and cleaning of the filter. Moreover, when replacing the filter, the filter of this group can be replaced separately to avoid affecting the filtration of the air by other sets of filters, thereby ensuring the filtration efficiency of the air in the air duct body.

[0015] 2. A cavity is formed by the protective cover, the replacement cover and the partition, and the cavity is separated by the filter. The cavity into which the subsequent air enters is located on the side of the non-filtering surface of the filter. Since the collecting component is connected to the cavity and the outside world at the same time, the air will pass through the filter and leave the cavity through the collecting component. The air can only pass through the filter in the through groove. When the high-speed air flows through the filter, the impurities attached to the filter surface can be blown off. The impurities follow the air into the collecting component and are collected, thereby completing the cleaning operation of the filter. During the cleaning and installation process, it can be ensured that the air is always cleaned from the non-filtering surface of the filter. After subsequent installation, the filtering surface of the filter is in contact with the unfiltered air, ensuring that the filter always filters the air with the same surface, avoiding the use of different surfaces of the filter at the same time, which causes residual dust to enter the filtered air, further improving the cleaning effect and filtering effect of the filter.

[0016] 3. In the process of cleaning the filter, the protective cover, replacement cover and partition form a cavity and the air flow channel formed by the collection component, so that the filter is always isolated during the cleaning process, avoiding the influence of impurities on the air duct body and the external environment during the cleaning process. The cleaned impurities are uniformly collected and sealed to avoid the collected impurities from entering the protective cover upward, ensuring the clean state of the protective cover, avoiding the presence of impurities in the protective cover that cause the impurities to adhere to the non-filtering surface of the filter, and ensuring the cleaning effect of the filter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the air duct body of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the fan body of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the air duct body in the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the rotating plate in the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 It is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the rotating plate in the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 for Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged A1 region.

[0024] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the replacement cover in the present invention.

[0025] In the accompanying drawings: 1. air duct body; 2. first support plate; 3. rotating plate; 4. mounting slot; 5. fixing slot; 6. telescopic rod; 7. fixing plate; 8. first elastic member; 9. filter frame; 10. filter screen; 11. first rotating power member; 12. second support plate; 13. second rotating power member; 14. rotating shaft; 15. first fan blade; 16. partition; 17. through slot; 18. protective cover; 19. servo module; 20. replacement cover; 21. telescopic member; 22. horizontal plate; 23. electromagnet; 24. lower pressure frame; 25. collecting tank; 26. baffle; 27. second elastic member; 28. cloth bag; 29. ​​air collecting pipe; 30. cleaning shaft; 31. second fan blade; 32. gear set; 33. air supply pipe; 34. grabbing assembly; 35. collecting assembly; 36. aerodynamic assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0027] The specific implementation of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0028] like Figures 1-8 As shown, a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure provided by the present invention includes an air duct body 1, a first support plate 2 is fixedly installed in the air duct body 1, a rotating plate 3 is rotatably installed on the first support plate 2, and a first rotating power member 11 that drives the rotating plate 3 to rotate is fixedly installed on the first support plate 2, and multiple groups of filter screens 10 are arranged in the rotating plate 3;

[0029] A partition 16 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the air duct body 1, and a through groove 17 is opened in the middle of the partition 16. Replacement covers 20 are slidably installed on both sides of the partition 16. Servo modules 19 are provided on both sides of the partition 16 to drive the replacement cover 20 to move. The replacement cover 20 extends into the air duct body 1 and the replacement cover 20 is in sliding contact with the rotating plate 3. A grabbing component 34 for grabbing the filter 10 is provided in the replacement cover 20, and a protective cover 18 covering the replacement cover 20 is provided on the partition 16. A collection component 35 for collecting impurities on the filter 10 is provided on the protective cover 18. An aerodynamic component 36 for driving the air flow in the air duct body 1 and cleaning the filter 10 is provided in the air duct body 1.

[0030] In actual application of this embodiment, the air duct body 1 is fixed, and the air in the air duct body 1 is pushed by the aerodynamic component 36. The air enters the air duct body 1 from one end of the air duct body 1 and is filtered by the filter 10. The filtered air flows along the air duct body 1.

[0031] When the filter 10 needs to be replaced after long-term use, the servo module 19 drives the two groups of replacement covers 20 to move upward to the set position at the same time. At this time, the replacement cover 20 contacts the side of the rotating plate 3 and makes the filter 10 directly below completely surrounded by the two groups of replacement covers 20, so that the group of filter 10 is isolated. At this time, the air in the air duct body 1 can flow normally through the other groups of filter 10. The replacement cover 20 away from the filtering surface of the filter 10 carries the cleaned filter 10 through the grabbing assembly 34, and then the filter 10 to be cleaned is removed from the rotating plate 3 by the grabbing assembly 34 in the other group of replacement cover 20, and then the clean filter 10 is installed on the rotating plate 3, and then the replacement cover 20 moves downward;

[0032] When the bottom surface of the replacement cover 20 contacts the bottom surface of the protective cover 18, it stops. At this time, the upper surface of the replacement cover 20 is flush with the inner wall of the air duct body 1 to avoid affecting the air flow in the air duct body 1. Then the grabbing assembly 34 moves the removed filter 10 into the through groove 17. The filter 10 completely covers the through groove 17. A cavity is formed by the protective cover 18, the replacement cover 20 and the partition 16, and the cavity is separated by the filter 10. At this time, the aerodynamic assembly 36 delivers part of the filtered air into the cavity, and the air enters the cavity. Located on the side of the non-filtering surface of the filter 10, since the collecting assembly 35 is connected to the cavity and the outside world at the same time, air will pass through the filter 10 and leave the cavity through the collecting assembly 35, and the air can only pass through the filter 10 in the through groove 17. When the high-speed air flows through the filter 10, it can blow off the impurities attached to the filter surface. The impurities follow the air into the collecting assembly 35 and are collected, thereby completing the cleaning operation of the filter 10. After the cleaning is completed, the filter 10 will be captured by another set of grabbing assemblies 35 when it is subsequently replaced;

[0033] When it is necessary to replace other filters 10 later, the first rotating power part 11 drives the rotating plate 3 to rotate the set angle so that the next group of filters 10 is located below the rotating plate 3. The above steps are repeated to replace the filters 10, thereby realizing the cyclic replacement and cleaning of the filters 10. When replacing the filters 10, the group of filters 10 can be replaced separately to avoid affecting the filtration of the air by other groups of filters 10, thereby ensuring the filtration efficiency of the air in the air duct body 1. At the same time, during the cleaning and installation process, it can be ensured that the air is always cleaned from the non-filtering surface of the filter 10. After subsequent installation, the filtering surface of the filter 10 contacts the unfiltered air, thereby ensuring that the filter 10 always filters the air with the same surface, thereby avoiding the use of different surfaces of the filter 10 at the same time, which causes residual dust to enter the filtered air, thereby further improving the cleaning effect and filtration effect of the filter 10.

[0034] In an example of this embodiment, the first rotating power component 11 is a first motor, and of course it can also be other components that can output rotational power such as a hydraulic motor. The first motor drives the rotating plate 3 to rotate, thereby adjusting different filter screens 10 to the replacement position.

[0035] like Figure 2-7 As shown, a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure provided by the present invention is provided. The outer side surface of the rotating plate 3 is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the air duct body 1. A plurality of groups of penetrating mounting grooves 4 are provided on the rotating plate 3. The plurality of groups of mounting grooves 4 are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the rotating plate 3. A filter frame 9 is slidably installed in the mounting groove 4. The filter screen 10 is fixedly installed in the filter frame 9. The filter frame 9 is made of magnetic material.

[0036] Specifically, a fixing groove 5 is opened on the surface of the mounting groove 4 near the axis of the rotating plate 3, and two groups of connecting areas are provided with the fixing groove 5 and the mounting groove 4. A fixing plate 7 is slidingly installed in the fixing groove 5, and both ends of the fixing plate 7 extend from the connecting position of the fixing groove 5 and the mounting groove 4. The ends of the fixing plate 7 are both provided with an inclined surface structure. A telescopic rod 6 is fixedly installed in the fixing groove 5, and the telescopic rod 6 is distributed along the radial direction of the rotating plate 3 and the telescopic rod 6 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 7. A first elastic member 8 is fixedly installed in the fixing groove 5, and the first elastic member 8 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 7.

[0037] When the filter screen 10 is in use, the filter screen 10 is fixedly installed in the filter frame 9. When the filter frame 9 moves in the installation groove 4, it will first contact the fixing plate 7 on one side. Due to the inclined structure of the end of the fixing plate 7, the filter frame 9 will press the fixing plate 7 down and compress the first elastic member 8. When the filter frame 9 completely passes one side wall of the fixing plate 7, the fixing plate 7 is moved upward under the action of the first elastic member 8. At this time, the two side walls of the fixing plate 7 are in contact with the two side surfaces of the filter frame 9, thereby realizing the limited fixation of the filter frame 9; ensuring the stability of the filter screen 10 during use. When the filter screen 10 is replaced subsequently, a new group of filter frames 9 is moved in the installation groove 4 and presses down the fixing plate 7. When the two groups of filter frames 9 are in contact with each other, the fixing plate 7 completely leaves the installation groove 4, and then the previous group of filter frames 9 can be moved freely, which is convenient for replacing the filter screen 10.

[0038] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic member 8 is a first spring, and can also be other elastic members such as an elastic ball, and the first spring applies a thrust to the fixing plate 7 .

[0039] like Figure 8 As shown, a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure provided by the present invention, the grabbing assembly 34 includes a telescopic part 21, the telescopic part 21 is fixedly installed in the replacement cover 20, the output end of the telescopic part 21 is fixedly installed with a horizontal plate 22, and both ends of the horizontal plate 22 are fixedly installed with an electromagnet 23, and the electromagnet 23 adsorbs the filter frame 9 after being energized.

[0040] In actual application of this embodiment, after the replacement cover 20 moves to the replacement position, the telescopic member 21 extends so that the horizontal plate 22 drives the bar-shaped electromagnet 23 to move, and the electromagnet 23 stops moving after contacting the side of the filter rack 9. Thereafter, the electromagnet 23 is energized. After the electromagnet 23 is energized, the filter rack 9 is adsorbed, thereby realizing the connection between the filter rack 9 and the replacement cover 20. The electromagnet 23 can be disconnected from the filter rack 9 by subsequently turning off the power.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic member 21 is an electric telescopic rod, and of course it can also be other components that can actively change the length, such as a hydraulic cylinder, and the electric telescopic rod drives the cross plate 22 to move.

[0042] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure provided by the present invention, the aerodynamic component 36 includes a second support plate 12, the second support plate 12 is fixedly installed in the air duct body 1, a rotating shaft 14 is rotatably installed on the second support plate 12, a first fan blade 15 is fixedly installed on the rotating shaft 14, and a second rotating power component 13 that drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate is fixedly installed on the second support plate 12.

[0043] Specifically, the aerodynamic component 36 also includes an air collecting pipe 29, which is fixedly installed in the air duct body 1. A cleaning shaft 30 coaxially arranged with the air collecting pipe 29 is rotatably installed in the air duct body 1. A second fan blade 31 is fixedly installed on the cleaning shaft 30, and the cleaning shaft 30 is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 14 through a gear set 32. The air outlet end of the air collecting pipe 29 is connected to an air supply pipe 33, and the end of the air supply pipe 33 away from the air collecting pipe 29 is connected to one of the groups of replacement covers 20, and an electromagnetic valve is provided on the air supply pipe 33.

[0044] In actual application of this embodiment, the second rotating power member 13 drives the rotating shaft 14 and the first fan blades 15 to rotate. After the first fan blades 15 rotate, they push the air in the air duct body 1 to flow, and the air flows from the filter 10 to the first fan blades 15.

[0045] When the rotating shaft 14 rotates, the cleaning shaft 30 and the second fan blade 31 are driven to rotate through the gear set 32. Due to the existence of the air collecting pipe 29, the second fan blade 31 will push the air in the air collecting pipe 29 to flow and be transported to the replacement cover 20 through the air supply pipe 33. At this time, the areas surrounded by the replacement cover 20, the partition 16 and the protective cover 18 are all closed areas, among which the closed area away from the side of the air supply pipe 33 is connected to the outside world, and then the air can only pass through the filter 10 and then leave after entering the protective cover 18. The high-speed flowing air after filtration passes through the filter 10 and can clean the filter 10.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second rotating power component 13 is a second motor, and of course it can also be other components that can output rotational power, such as a hydraulic motor. The second motor drives the first fan blade 15 to rotate, thereby promoting the flow of air in the wind tube body 1. The gear set 32 ​​is a bevel gear set, and the two sets of bevel gears are respectively fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft 14 and the cleaning shaft 30.

[0047] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, a mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure provided by the present invention, the collecting component 35 includes a collecting trough 25, the collecting trough 25 is opened at the bottom of the protective cover 18 and is located in the projection area of ​​one group of replacement covers 20 to the bottom of the protective cover 18, a baffle 26 for blocking the collecting trough 25 is slidably installed at the bottom of the protective cover 18, a second elastic member 27 connected to the baffle 26 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective cover 18, a cloth bag 28 covering the baffle 26 is provided at the bottom of the protective cover 18, and a lower pressure frame 24 is fixedly installed on the replacement cover 20 corresponding to the collecting trough 25.

[0048] In actual application of this embodiment, when the replacement cover 20 moves downward and contacts the bottom surface of the protective cover 18, the upper surface of the replacement cover 20 is flush with the inner wall of the air duct body 1, and the replacement cover 20 and the protective cover 18 will enclose a cavity. At the same time, when the replacement cover 20 moves downward, the lower pressure frame 24 will press down the baffle 26 to make the cavity communicate with the cloth bag 28. At this time, the used filter screen 10 that has been replaced is located in the through groove 17, and the filter frame 9 is consistent with the shape of the through groove 17, ensuring that air can only pass through the through groove 17. When the filter frame 9 enters the through groove 17, the solenoid valve on the air supply pipe 33 is opened, and the filtered air can enter the cavity through the air supply pipe 33. At this time, the air can only pass through the filter screen 10 in the through groove 17. 0, the high-speed air flow through the filter 10 can blow off the impurities attached to the filter surface, and the blown impurities follow the air through the collection groove 25 into the cloth bag 28. The air leaves the cloth bag 28 and the impurities are collected in the cloth bag 28. Before replacing the filter 10, close the valve on the air supply pipe 33, and move the replacement cover 20 upward. At this time, under the action of the second elastic member 27, the baffle 26 closes the collection groove 25 again, thereby preventing the collected impurities from entering the protective cover 18 upward, ensuring the clean state of the protective cover 18, and preventing the presence of impurities in the protective cover 18 from causing the impurities to adhere to the non-filtering surface of the filter 10 later, thereby ensuring the cleaning effect of the filter 10. After long-term use, you can clean the cloth bag 28.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the second elastic member 27 is a second spring, and can also be other elastic components such as an elastic ball. The second spring applies a thrust to the baffle 26 to close the collecting tank 25 .

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0051] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure, comprising an air duct body (1), characterized in that: A first support plate (2) is fixedly mounted in the air duct body (1), a rotating plate (3) is rotatably mounted on the first support plate (2), and a first rotating power member (11) is fixedly mounted on the first support plate (2) for driving the rotating plate (3) to rotate, and a plurality of filter screens (10) are arranged in the rotating plate (3); A partition (16) is fixedly mounted on the outer side of the air duct body (1), a through slot (17) is provided in the middle of the partition (16), a replacement cover (20) is slidably mounted on both sides of the partition (16), a servo module (19) is provided on both sides of the partition (16) for driving the replacement cover (20) to move, the replacement cover (20) extends into the air duct body (1) and the replacement cover (20) is in sliding contact with the rotating plate (3), a grabbing assembly (34) for grabbing the filter (10) is provided in the replacement cover (20), a protective cover (18) covering the replacement cover (20) is provided on the partition (16), a collecting assembly (35) for collecting impurities on the filter (10) is provided on the protective cover (18), and an aerodynamic assembly (36) for driving the air flow in the air duct body (1) and cleaning the filter (10) is provided in the air duct body (1); The outer side surface of the rotating plate (3) is in sliding contact with the inner wall of the air duct body (1), and a plurality of groups of penetrating mounting grooves (4) are provided on the rotating plate (3). The plurality of groups of mounting grooves (4) are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the rotating plate (3). A filter frame (9) is slidably mounted in the mounting groove (4), and a filter screen (10) is fixedly mounted in the filter frame (9). The filter frame (9) is made of a magnetic material. A fixing groove (5) is provided on the surface of the mounting groove (4) near the axis of the rotating plate (3), and two groups of connecting areas are provided with the fixing groove (5) and the mounting groove (4). A fixing plate (7) is slidably installed in the fixing groove (5), and both ends of the fixing plate (7) extend from the connecting position between the fixing groove (5) and the mounting groove (4). The ends of the fixing plate (7) are both provided with an inclined surface structure. A telescopic rod (6) is fixedly installed in the fixing groove (5), and the telescopic rod (6) is distributed along the radial direction of the rotating plate (3) and the telescopic rod (6) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (7). A first elastic member (8) is fixedly installed in the fixing groove (5), and the first elastic member (8) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (7); The grabbing assembly (34) includes a telescopic member (21), the telescopic member (21) is fixedly mounted in the replacement cover (20), a transverse plate (22) is fixedly mounted on the output end of the telescopic member (21), and electromagnets (23) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the transverse plate (22), and the electromagnets (23) adsorb the filter frame (9) when energized; The aerodynamic component (36) includes a second support plate (12), the second support plate (12) is fixedly mounted in the air duct body (1), a rotating shaft (14) is rotatably mounted on the second support plate (12), a first fan blade (15) is fixedly mounted on the rotating shaft (14), and a second rotating power member (13) is fixedly mounted on the second support plate (12) for driving the rotating shaft (14) to rotate; The aerodynamic assembly (36) further includes an air collecting pipe (29), which is fixedly mounted in the air duct body (1). A cleaning shaft (30) coaxially arranged with the air collecting pipe (29) is rotatably mounted in the air duct body (1). A second fan blade (31) is fixedly mounted on the cleaning shaft (30), and the cleaning shaft (30) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (14) via a gear set (32). The air outlet end of the air collecting pipe (29) is connected to an air supply pipe (33), and one end of the air supply pipe (33) away from the air collecting pipe (29) is connected to one of the replacement covers (20).

2. A mining air duct filtering and dust removal structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collecting assembly (35) includes a collecting trough (25), which is opened at the bottom of the protective cover (18) and is located in the projection area of ​​one group of replacement covers (20) to the bottom of the protective cover (18), a baffle (26) for shielding the collecting trough (25) is slidably installed at the bottom of the protective cover (18), a second elastic member (27) connected to the baffle (26) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the protective cover (18), a cloth bag (28) covering the baffle (26) is provided at the bottom of the protective cover (18), and a lower pressure frame (24) is fixedly installed on the replacement cover (20) corresponding to the collecting trough (25).

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