Efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system

Abstract

The invention discloses an efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system which comprises a heat pump heater, a waste heat recovery device and a water tank. An upper water storage chamber and a lower water storage chamber which are vertically separated are formed in the water tank through a partition plate, a water passing opening for communicating the upper water storage chamber with the lower water storage chamber is formed in the partition plate, and a temperature control switch for controlling the water passing opening to be opened or closed is arranged on the water passing opening; the heat pump heater comprises a heat pump outdoor unit and a heat pump heat release coil which is connected with the heat pump outdoor unit and is arranged in the lower water storage chamber; the waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat absorption coil pipe used for absorbing heat in smoke exhausted by the kitchen and a waste heat release coil pipe arranged in the upper water storage chamber and connected with the waste heat absorption coil pipe. Waste heat in kitchen flue gas can be recovered through the waste heat recovery device and used for producing hot water, and energy consumption of ships and warships can be reduced; hot water is supplemented and heated through the heat pump heater, and supply of the hot water can be guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of heat pump systems, and in particular to a high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system. Background Art

[0002] Hot water is indispensable to life on board, and producing hot water requires a lot of energy, especially on ships with limited energy. Because open flames cannot be used, a lot of energy consumption and conversion is required to support electric heating energy consumption, which will affect the ship's endurance.

[0003] At present, water heaters are widely used to produce hot water, such as electric water heaters, solar water heaters, heat pump water heaters, etc. Among them, heat pumps are efficient and energy-saving devices that make full use of low-grade thermal energy. Heat can be transferred spontaneously from a high-temperature object to a low-temperature object, but it cannot be transferred spontaneously in the opposite direction. The working principle of a heat pump is a mechanical device that forces heat to flow from a low-temperature object to a high-temperature object in a reverse cycle. It consumes only a small amount of reverse cycle net work to obtain a large amount of heat supply, and can effectively utilize low-grade thermal energy that is difficult to use to achieve energy saving. Due to the above characteristics of heat pumps, heat pump water heaters are becoming more and more common. Although heat pump water heaters have low energy consumption, they still require energy consumption.

[0004] However, there is a large amount of heat energy in the fumes produced when cooking in the ship's kitchen. These fumes are generally discharged directly or discharged after environmental protection treatment, and the heat energy therein is wasted. By recycling this heat energy for the production of hot water, energy consumption can be saved. There are also technologies in the prior art that use the waste heat of kitchen smoke to produce hot water. For example, patent 201120146141.6 discloses a kitchen waste heat recovery water heater, and patent 201510161931.4 discloses a kitchen waste heat recovery system. They both disclose solutions for using kitchen waste heat to produce hot water. However, if hot water is produced only through kitchen waste heat alone, it is easy to encounter the problem of not being able to meet the demand for hot water when the kitchen waste heat is insufficient. If the heat pump hot water system is combined with the kitchen waste heat hot water system, it is expected to solve this problem and increase the mileage of the ship, but there is currently a lack of reliable solutions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system in view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a highly efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system, including a heat pump heater, a waste heat recovery device and a water tank;

[0007] An upper water storage chamber and a lower water storage chamber are formed in the water tank by a partition plate, and a water outlet connecting the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber is provided on the partition plate, and a temperature control switch for controlling the water outlet to be turned on or off is provided on the water outlet;

[0008] The heat pump heater comprises a heat pump outdoor unit and a heat pump heat release coil connected to the heat pump outdoor unit and arranged in the lower water storage chamber;

[0009] The waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat absorption coil for absorbing heat in the smoke exhausted from the kitchen and a waste heat release coil arranged in the upper water storage chamber and connected to the waste heat absorption coil.

[0010] Preferably, the waste heat recovery device further comprises a smoke exhaust pipe arranged above the kitchen stove and a filtering device arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe, and the waste heat absorption coil is arranged inside the smoke exhaust pipe and above the filtering device.

[0011] Preferably, the waste heat absorption coils include at least two groups, and the at least two groups of waste heat absorption coils are arranged in a conical shape inside the smoke exhaust pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections are provided on the outer wall of the tube body of the waste heat absorption coil, and both ends of the arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections are connected to the interior of the tube body of the waste heat absorption coil.

[0013] Preferably, the upper water storage chamber is provided with a first water inlet, and the lower water storage chamber is provided with a second water inlet and a water outlet.

[0014] Preferably, when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber is lower than a set range, the temperature control switch closes the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber are kept isolated; when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber reaches a set range, the temperature control switch opens the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber are kept connected.

[0015] Preferably, the temperature control switch comprises a mounting plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper water storage chamber, a pressure rod connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate through a compression spring, a sealing valve fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod for sealing the water hole, and a plurality of temperature-sensitive ejection assemblies arranged between the sealing valve and a partition plate on the periphery of the water hole;

[0016] When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber reaches a set range, the temperature-sensing push-up assembly generates an upward thrust on the sealing valve, so that the sealing valve is separated from the water passage hole.

[0017] Preferably, an arc-shaped opening section is provided at the upper portion of the water hole;

[0018] The upper periphery of the sealing valve is provided with a convex edge, and the lower part of the sealing valve has a spherical part for being inserted into the arc-shaped mouth section to achieve sealing.

[0019] Preferably, a conical sealing column is provided at the bottom of the spherical portion, and the lower end of the arc-shaped mouth section is connected to a conical hole for the conical sealing column to be inserted into.

[0020] Preferably, the temperature-sensing push-up assembly comprises a base fixedly connected to a partition plate at the periphery of the water-passing hole, a receiving hole provided on the base, a push rod which is retractably inserted into the receiving hole and whose upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex edge, a temperature-sensing bag which is arranged in the receiving hole and at the lower end of the push rod, and a tension spring connected between the base and the convex edge, and the temperature-sensing bag comprises an elastic bag body and a temperature-sensing medium filled in the elastic bag body;

[0021] A guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, the upper end of the pressure rod is inserted into the guide sleeve, a first bearing and a first sealing ring are arranged between the pressure rod and the guide sleeve; a second bearing and a second sealing ring are arranged between the push rod and the receiving hole;

[0022] An annular heat conducting part is arranged in the middle of the base, the inner wall of the inner circle of the annular heat conducting part is in contact with the temperature sensing package, and the outer wall of the outer circle of the annular heat conducting part extends out of the outer wall of the base.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system of the present invention can recover the waste heat in the kitchen smoke through the waste heat recovery device and use it to produce hot water, which can save energy; the hot water can be supplemented by the heat pump heater to ensure the supply of hot water;

[0025] The present invention can store water at two temperatures by arranging an upper water storage chamber and a lower water storage chamber; the waste heat heat releasing coil heats the water in the upper water storage chamber, and the water that meets the temperature requirement can automatically flow into the lower water storage chamber for storage, so that the water in the upper water storage chamber is kept at a relatively low temperature, which can improve the utilization efficiency of the kitchen waste heat and reduce energy consumption; the heat pump heater supplements the water in the lower water storage chamber to ensure the supply of hot water that meets the temperature requirement; two water storage spaces are formed by isolation of a water tank: the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber, which can reduce the volume of the equipment, save costs, and reduce the space occupied by the equipment;

[0026] The temperature control switch of the present invention can automatically open the water hole when the temperature reaches the set range to store the hot water in the upper water storage chamber into the lower water storage chamber. Through repeated intermittent switching of the temperature control switch, only hot water that meets the temperature requirement can flow from the upper water storage chamber into the lower water storage chamber. The function of the temperature control switch can be realized by a simple mechanical structure, avoiding the use of complex control equipment, saving costs, and reducing the complexity of use.

[0027] In the present invention, the heat in the flue gas is absorbed by the waste heat absorption coil arranged in a conical shape, so that the heat absorption efficiency can be improved; by providing an arc-shaped heat conduction pipe section, the contact area between the waste heat absorption coil and the flue gas can be increased, and the absorption effect can be improved, thereby improving the overall efficiency of the waste heat recovery device and further improving the endurance of the ship. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the energy-efficient ship heat pump system in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the water hole is closed);

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water tank in Example 1 of the present invention (the water hole is open);

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature-sensing switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the water hole is closed);

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure rod and the guide sleeve in the embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of the sealing valve in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water hole in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature-sensing ejection assembly in Example 1 of the present invention (temperature-sensing package in contracted state);

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting plate in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the annular heat conducting portion in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the temperature-sensing switch in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the water hole is open);

[0038] Fig.11It is a structural schematic diagram of the temperature-sensing ejection assembly in Example 1 of the present invention (temperature-sensing package in expansion state);

[0039] Fig.12 This is a schematic structural diagram of a highly efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.13 This is a schematic structural diagram of a highly efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system in Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

[0041] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the waste heat absorption coil in the top view of Example 3 of the present invention;

[0042] Fig.15 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tube body of the waste heat absorption coil in Example 3 of the present invention.

[0043] Description of reference numerals:

[0044] 1—heat pump heater; 10—compressor; 11—condenser; 12—throttling mechanism; 13—evaporator; 14—heat pump heat release coil; 15—heat pump circulation passage; 16—first heat exchange pipeline; 17—second heat exchange pipeline; 18—heat pump outdoor unit;

[0045] 2—waste heat recovery device; 20—waste heat absorption coil; 21—waste heat release coil; 22—smoke exhaust pipe; 23—filter device; 24—tube body; 25—arc-shaped heat conduction pipe section; 26—installation rod;

[0046] 3—water tank;

[0047] 4—upper water storage chamber; 40—first water inlet;

[0048] 5—lower water storage chamber; 50—second water inlet; 51—water outlet;

[0049] 6—separator; 60—water hole; 61—arc-shaped opening; 62—conical hole;

[0050] 7—temperature control switch; 70—mounting plate; 71—pressure rod; 72—sealing valve; 73—temperature sensing ejector assembly; 74—compression spring; 75—guide sleeve; 76—first bearing; 77—first sealing ring; 78—second bearing; 79—second sealing ring; 720—convex edge; 721—spherical portion; 722—conical sealing column; 730—base; 731—accommodating hole; 732—push rod; 733—temperature sensing package; 734—tension spring; 735—annular heat conducting portion; 7350—inner ring of annular heat conducting portion; 7351—outer ring of annular heat conducting portion;

[0051] 8—Stove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention with reference to the description.

[0053] It should be understood that terms such as “having”, “including” and “comprising” used herein do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other elements or combinations thereof.

[0054] Example 1

[0055] like Figure 1-11 As shown, a highly efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system of this embodiment includes a heat pump heater 1, a waste heat recovery device 2 and a water tank 3;

[0056] An upper water storage chamber 4 and a lower water storage chamber 5 are formed in the water tank 3 by a partition plate 6. A water outlet connecting the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 is provided on the partition plate 6. The water outlet is provided with a temperature control switch 7 for controlling the water outlet to be turned on or off.

[0057] The heat pump heater 1 comprises a heat pump outdoor unit 18 and a heat pump heat release coil 14 connected to the heat pump outdoor unit 18 and arranged in the lower water storage chamber 5 ; the heat pump heater 1 is used to heat the water in the lower water storage chamber 5 .

[0058] The waste heat recovery device 2 includes a waste heat absorption coil 20 for absorbing heat in the smoke exhausted from the kitchen, and a waste heat release coil 21 disposed in the upper water storage chamber 4 and connected to the waste heat absorption coil 20. The waste heat recovery device 2 recovers waste heat in the kitchen smoke through the waste heat absorption coil 20, and then transfers it to the waste heat release coil 21 to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4.

[0059] Furthermore, the waste heat recovery device 2 also includes a smoke exhaust pipe 22 arranged above the kitchen stove 8 and a filter device 23 arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe 22. The stove 8 is generally an electric heating stove, which also requires a large amount of electric energy for heating. The waste heat absorption coil 20 is fixedly arranged inside the smoke exhaust pipe 22 through a mounting rod 26 and is located above the filter device 23. In a kitchen with a range hood, the smoke exhaust pipe 22 can be connected to the top of the range hood arranged in the kitchen. The filter device 23 can select a conventional filter to filter the smoke.

[0060] Among them, when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is lower than the set range, the temperature control switch 7 closes the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are kept isolated; when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches the set range, the temperature control switch 7 opens the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are kept connected.

[0061] When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is lower than the set range, the temperature control switch 7 closes the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are kept isolated; when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches the set range, the temperature control switch 7 opens the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are kept connected. Among them, the volume of the upper water storage chamber 4 is smaller than the volume of the lower water storage chamber 5, and preferably the volume of the lower water storage chamber 5 is 1.5-8 times the volume of the upper water storage chamber 4. Conventional insulation layers are provided on the inner walls or outer walls of the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 to improve the insulation effect of the water tank 3. And the partition plate 6 is also made of insulation material or is made by providing an insulation layer on the surface to ensure that there is a good insulation effect between the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5.

[0062] The energy-efficient ship heat pump system of the present invention is used for the production of hot water, wherein the waste heat recovery device 2 is used to preheat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4, and only the water that meets the temperature requirement can flow into the lower water storage chamber 5, and the heat pump heater 1 is mainly used for heating when the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device 2 cannot meet the hot water demand. Specifically, the waste heat release coil 21 heats the water in the upper water storage chamber 4, and only when the temperature of the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches the set range (for example, higher than 40-45°C), the hot water in the upper water storage chamber 4 will automatically flow into the lower water storage chamber 5. If the water at the current temperature can already meet the use demand, the water in the lower water storage chamber 5 can be directly used. If the temperature is still too low, the heat pump heater 1 is started to heat the water in the lower water storage chamber 5 again to reach the use temperature. For example, when the kitchen stove 8 is used for a short time, the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device 2 is insufficient, resulting in insufficient temperature of the water heated by the release coil or insufficient amount of hot water that can reach the temperature. At this time, heating by the heat pump heater 1 can ensure the amount and temperature of hot water.

[0063] Since the waste heat recovery device 2 basically does not consume energy, the user hopes to make full use of the heat recovered by the waste heat recovery device 2 to reduce the energy consumption of producing hot water, so it is necessary to improve the efficiency of the waste heat recovery device 2 and use the waste heat recovery device 2 more to heat water. In the actual use of the water heater, there is such a situation that the user hopes that the water temperature in the water tank 3 can always be maintained at a usable temperature, especially in the morning. After the general water heater is used, there will still be some hot water in the water tank 3, which makes the water in the water tank 3 at a higher temperature. Considering this situation, if the heat pump heat release coil 14 and the waste heat heat release coil 21 are placed in the interconnected water tank 3, there will be the following defects: when the heat pump heat release coil 14 is heated, the water in the entire water tank 3 will be heated. For example, when the kitchen is not in use, the user needs hot water, and the water in the entire water tank 3 is heated by the heat pump heater 1. In this process, it is equivalent to consuming more energy to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4. After use, the water in the water tank 3 will still maintain a higher temperature. When the kitchen is in use, since the water temperature in the water tank 3 is relatively high, the total amount and efficiency of heat that can be recovered from the kitchen waste heat by the waste heat recovery device 2 will decrease, which is not conducive to fully utilizing the kitchen waste heat.

[0064] Therefore, in the present invention, the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are isolated. When hot water is heated by the heat pump heater 1, the water in the lower water storage chamber 5 is heated, which reduces the energy required to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4; and after use, the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 always maintains a lower temperature, thereby making full use of the kitchen waste heat to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4, which can reduce the energy consumption of hot water.

[0065] In the present invention, the waste heat recovery device 2 is mainly used to recover the waste heat of the kitchen to recover the waste heat of the water in the upper water storage chamber 4, and the heated water automatically flows into the lower water storage chamber 5 for storage, so that the temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is always kept at a low temperature, which is conducive to improving the efficiency of waste heat utilization. In a preferred embodiment, the set critical temperature (the lowest temperature at which the temperature control switch 7 is turned on) can be selected to be slightly lower than the required temperature for use. For example, the hot water used for daily washing is generally 45-55°C, and the critical temperature can be set to 40°C or 45°C. Once the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches the critical temperature, it is discharged into the lower water storage chamber 5 for storage. When using hot water, it is heated to 45-50°C by the heat pump heater 1. Since the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 needs to reach the critical temperature before it can flow into the lower water storage chamber 5, when the kitchen waste heat is not sufficient, a lower critical temperature is selected to ensure that the hot water in the upper water storage chamber 4 can be fully utilized. For example, if the kitchen waste heat is insufficient, the critical temperature is too high, and it is easy for the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 to fail to be heated to the critical temperature, or the amount of water that can be heated to the critical temperature is too low, which will reduce the utilization rate of the waste heat. Therefore, an appropriate critical temperature can be selected according to the actual situation of the user.

[0066] The upper water storage chamber 4 is provided with a first water inlet 40, and the lower water storage chamber 5 is provided with a second water inlet 50 and a water outlet 51. The first water inlet 40 can be directly connected to the water inlet, or connected to the cold water storage tank 3, and is used to replenish cold water in the upper water storage chamber 4. The water outlet 51 is the outlet of the produced hot water, and the hot water reaching the use temperature is discharged from the water outlet 51. When the hot water produced by the kitchen waste heat is insufficient, the water flowing into the lower water storage chamber 5 from the upper water storage chamber 4 is insufficient to fill the lower water storage chamber 5. At this time, the lower water storage chamber 5 is replenished with cold water through the second water inlet 50, and then the heat pump heater 1 is used. In a preferred embodiment, a transparent observation window can be provided on the side of the lower water storage chamber 5, so that the water level in the lower water storage chamber 5 can be observed. If hot water is needed and it is found that the water in the lower water storage chamber 5 is insufficient, the second water inlet 50 can be opened to replenish cold water, and the heat pump heater 1 can be started to heat the water therein. In a more preferred embodiment, a liquid level gauge (a conventional liquid level gauge may be selected) is provided in the lower water storage chamber 5 to detect the water level in the lower water storage chamber 5, and the result of the liquid level gauge is displayed through the water tank 3 or an external display device so that the user can know the water level in the lower water storage chamber 5.

[0067] In a further preferred embodiment, the temperature control switch 7 includes a mounting plate 70 fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper water storage chamber 4, a pressure rod 71 connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate 70 through a compression spring 74, a sealing valve 72 fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod 71 for sealing the water hole 60, and a plurality of temperature sensing ejection components 73 arranged between the sealing valve 72 and the partition plate 6 on the outer periphery of the water hole 60;

[0068] When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches a set range, the temperature-sensing push-up assembly 73 generates an upward thrust on the sealing valve 72 , so that the sealing valve 72 is separated from the water through hole 60 .

[0069] Furthermore, the upper part of the water hole 60 is provided with an arc-shaped mouth section 61; the upper periphery of the sealing valve 72 is provided with a convex edge 720, and the lower part of the sealing valve 72 has a spherical portion 721 for inserting into the arc-shaped mouth section 61 to achieve sealing. In a further embodiment, a conical sealing column 722 is provided at the bottom of the spherical portion 721, and the lower end of the arc-shaped mouth section 61 is connected to a conical hole 62 for the conical sealing column 722 to be inserted. The conical sealing column 722 is preferably an elastic column, which is conducive to sealing. When the sealing valve 72 is inserted into the water hole 60 for sealing, the spherical portion 721 is inserted into the arc-shaped mouth section 61, and the conical sealing column 722 is inserted into the conical hole 62, thereby forming a double-layer sealing structure, which can ensure the effective sealing of the water hole 60.

[0070] Furthermore, the temperature sensing push-up assembly 73 includes a base 730 fixedly connected to the partition plate 6 at the periphery of the water hole 60, a receiving hole 731 provided on the base 730, a push rod 732 which is retractably inserted in the receiving hole 731 and whose upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex edge 720, a temperature sensing bag 733 which is arranged in the receiving hole 731 and at the lower end of the push rod 732, and a tension spring 734 connected between the base 730 and the convex edge 720. The temperature sensing bag 733 includes an elastic bag body and a temperature sensing medium filled in the elastic bag body; the elastic bag body has good elastic deformation performance and can be deformed with the expansion of the temperature sensing medium inside. The compression spring 74 and the tension spring 734 are used to provide a downward force to press the sealing valve 72 tightly against the water hole 60 to maintain the seal.

[0071] Among them, the temperature-sensitive medium in this embodiment has the characteristics of expanding in volume when the temperature rises and recovering when the temperature drops, and the elastic bag body has good shrinkage performance, which can produce adaptive deformation with the expansion or contraction of the temperature-sensitive medium. When the temperature rises, the volume expansion of the temperature-sensitive medium causes the volume expansion of the elastic bag body, thereby pushing the push rod 732 to move upward, generating a driving force to generate an upward thrust on the sealing valve 72. Since the temperature requirement of hot water for daily use is generally 40-50°C (daily use of hot water is mainly for washing), the temperature-sensitive medium in this embodiment preferably starts to expand at a temperature of 40-50°C, and further preferably starts to expand at about 40°C. When the temperature is about 45°C, the sealing valve 72 can be completely separated from the water hole 60, and the water hole 60 can be fully opened, that is, when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 reaches about 45°C, it can flow into the lower water storage chamber 5. In fact, the upper limit of the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is set to about 45°C. It is understandable that since the water temperature value does not need to be set too accurately, as long as it can meet the use requirements, the temperature range when the temperature sensing medium begins to expand until the water hole 60 can be fully opened does not need to be too accurate, and generally only needs to be between 40-50°C. Therefore, by selecting from existing conventional temperature sensing media, or selecting the appropriate size or material of the elastic bag, the above requirements can be met: that is, when the temperature reaches 40-50°C, the expansion of the temperature sensing medium causes the elastic bag to expand and deform, and finally the water hole 60 can be fully opened. The temperature sensing medium can be a solid medium, such as paraffin, or a liquid medium, or a gas medium.

[0072] For example, in one embodiment, the temperature sensing medium is selected as the wax temperature sensing medium for the temperature control switch 7 disclosed in the patent with application number CN00123218.5, and the temperature sensing medium can have a significant volume expansion in the range of 40-70°C. By selecting an elastic bag body of appropriate size, the amount of temperature sensing medium filled inside, and the size of the receiving hole 731, the water hole 60 can be fully opened when the set temperature is reached. For example, in a further embodiment, the set temperature is about 45°C. When the temperature rises to about 45°C, the temperature sensing bag 733 expands to about 1.25 times the original volume, and the height of the temperature sensing bag 733 increases from about 4cm to about 5cm. At this time, the temperature sensing bag 733 can push the push rod 732 to move upward by about 1cm. When the sealing valve 72 moves upward by about 1cm, it can be separated from the water hole 60, and the water hole 60 can be fully opened. Of course, different required temperatures can be set by selecting the above-mentioned temperature sensing medium, designing the size of the elastic bag body and the receiving hole 731, etc. It is understandable that when the temperature-sensing bag 733 expands, the distance that the push rod 732 moves upward does not need to be precise, it can be more or less, as long as the water hole 60 can be opened and the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 can flow into the lower water storage chamber 5 to realize the function of the temperature control switch 7.

[0073] Furthermore, a guide sleeve 75 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate 70 , and the upper end of the pressure rod 71 is inserted into the guide sleeve 75 .

[0074] The working principle of the temperature control switch 7 is:

[0075] When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 rises to the lower limit of the temperature of the expansion of the temperature-sensitive medium, the temperature-sensitive medium absorbs heat and expands, and the volume of the temperature-sensitive bag 733 increases. Due to the limitation of the size of the accommodating hole 731, the upper part of the temperature-sensitive bag 733 pushes the push rod 732 to move upward, and the upward thrust gradually becomes greater than the sum of the downward pulling force of the tension spring 734 and the downward pressure of the compression spring 74, so that the sealing valve 72 moves upward, the tension spring 734 is elongated, and the pressure rod 71 moves upward to squeeze the compression spring 74 deep into the guide sleeve 75; thereby, the spherical portion 721 at the lower part of the sealing valve 72 gradually separates from the arc-shaped mouth section 61 upward, and the water hole 60 is gradually opened, and the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 flows downward into the lower water storage chamber 5 through the water hole 60. Figure 2 , 10 and 11; under the action of water pressure from the water inlet or the cold water storage tank 3, cold water is automatically replenished into the upper water storage chamber 4 from the first water inlet 40. After the cold water is replenished, the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is opened and dropped, and the temperature sensing bag 733 gradually contracts. Under the action of the downward force of the compression spring 74 and the tension spring 734, the spherical portion 721 is gradually inserted downward into the arc-shaped mouth section 61 and returns until it is completely sealed. The water flowing from the upper water storage chamber 4 into the lower water storage chamber 5 gradually decreases until it is zero, referring to Figure 1 , 3and 7; when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 rises to the required range (such as about 45°C), the water hole 60 will open again. The water hole 60 is opened intermittently so that only water with a temperature that meets the required range (such as about 45°C) can automatically flow into the lower water storage chamber 5 for heat preservation and storage, and can achieve automatic water replenishment, so that the residual heat can be fully utilized to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4, and once the water temperature reaches the required range, it is discharged into the lower water storage chamber 5, so that the upper water storage chamber 4 can always use the residual heat for heating until the entire water tank 3 is filled with hot water. The present invention can realize the function of the temperature control switch 7 through a simple mechanical structure, avoids the use of complex control equipment, can save costs, reduce the complexity of use, and simplify the equipment.

[0076] In a more preferred embodiment, a first bearing 76 and a first sealing ring 77 are provided between the pressure rod 71 and the guide sleeve 75. The first bearing 76 guides and facilitates the pressure rod 71 to maintain the vertical linear motion. The first sealing ring 77 is provided at the lower part of the first shaft and can seal the inside of the guide sleeve 75 without affecting the vertical sliding of the pressure rod 71. A second bearing 78 and a second sealing ring 79 are provided between the push rod 732 and the receiving hole 731. The second bearing 78 guides and facilitates the push rod 732 to maintain the vertical linear motion. The second sealing ring 79 is provided at the upper part of the second shaft and can seal the inside of the receiving hole 731 without affecting the vertical sliding of the pressure rod 71. The first sealing ring 77 and the second sealing ring 79 are provided to avoid or reduce water from entering the guide sleeve 75 or the receiving hole 731.

[0077] In a more preferred embodiment, an annular heat conducting part 735 is provided in the middle of the base 730, the inner wall of the inner ring 7350 of the annular heat conducting part contacts the temperature sensing package 733, and the outer wall of the outer ring 7351 of the annular heat conducting part extends out of the outer wall of the base 730. The annular heat conducting part 735 is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, such as copper, and a rust-proof layer or a waterproof layer is provided on the surface to extend the service life. The annular heat conducting part 735 can improve the thermal conductivity efficiency, and facilitate the uniform transfer of heat in the water to the periphery of the temperature sensing package 733, so that the overall volume deformation of the temperature sensing package 733 is more uniform when absorbing heat and expanding.

[0078] In a more preferred embodiment, each component in the temperature control switch 7 is made of conventional rust-proof material or has a conventional rust-proof layer on the surface to ensure long-term use in water.

[0079] In one embodiment, the working process of the energy-efficient ship heat pump system of the present invention is as follows:

[0080] Initially, the upper water storage chamber 4 is filled with cold water through the first water inlet 40. At this time, there is no water in the lower water storage chamber 5. The critical temperature in the upper water storage chamber 4 is set to about 45°C. When the kitchen generates waste heat during cooking, the waste heat recovery device 2 works to heat the water in the upper water storage chamber 4. When the water temperature reaches about 45°C, the water hole 60 opens, and a part of the hot water flows downward into the lower water storage chamber 5 for storage. At the same time, cold water is added to the upper water storage chamber 4 from the first water inlet 40, so that the water in the upper water storage chamber 4 drops, and the water hole 60 is closed. If the kitchen has sufficient waste heat, after a period of time, the upper water storage chamber 4 and the lower water storage chamber 5 are filled with hot water after the water hole 60 is opened / closed for multiple cycles. At this time, if the water at about 45°C can meet the current use needs, hot water can be directly taken through the water outlet 51; the water temperature at about 45°C is still not enough. For example, if 50°C water is needed, the water at about 45°C is further heated to 50°C by the heat pump heater 1, and then used. If the kitchen waste heat is insufficient and the lower water storage chamber 5 is not full of hot water, water is first added to the lower water storage chamber 5 through the second water inlet 50, and then the heat pump heater 1 heats the water to 50°C before use.

[0081] Among them, it should be understood that the critical temperature can be set to a lower value, so that even if the kitchen waste heat is insufficient, the waste heat recovery device 2 can produce preheated water of a certain temperature, and then the preheated water can be reheated to the use temperature through the heat pump heater 1 to ensure that the kitchen waste heat can be fully utilized even when the kitchen waste heat is insufficient.

[0082] Example 2

[0083] On the basis of Example 1, it is further preferred that the heat pump outdoor unit 18 includes a compressor 10, a condenser 11, a throttling mechanism 12 and an evaporator 13 connected in sequence through pipelines, and the outlet end of the evaporator 13 is connected back to the return air port of the compressor 10 through a pipeline to form a heat pump circulation passage 15; the refrigerant circulating in the heat pump circulation passage 15 can be a conventional refrigerant, and the refrigerant in this embodiment is carbon dioxide. The refrigerant passes through the compressor 10, the condenser 11, the throttling mechanism 12 and the evaporator 13 and then flows back to the compressor 10 to form a cycle. In the condenser 11, the heat emitted by the refrigerant in the first heat exchange pipeline 16 is absorbed by the refrigerant in the second heat exchange pipeline 17 adjacent thereto, and then transmitted to the heat pump heat release coil 14 to heat the water in the lower water storage chamber 5.

[0084] The condenser 11 has a first heat exchange pipeline 16 and a second heat exchange pipeline 17 which are adjacently arranged. The first heat exchange pipeline 16 is connected to the heat pump circulation passage 15 , and the second heat exchange pipeline 17 is connected to the heat pump heat release coil 14 .

[0085] Example 3

[0086] On the basis of Example 1, it is further preferred that the waste heat absorption coil 20 includes at least two groups, and at least two groups of waste heat absorption coils 20 are arranged in a conical shape inside the smoke exhaust pipe 22. In this embodiment, two groups are included, which are symmetrical and arranged in an inclined shape, and the heat absorption efficiency can be improved by fully absorbing the heat of the smoke in the smoke exhaust pipe 22.

[0087] In a more preferred embodiment, a plurality of arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections 25 are arranged on the outer wall of the tube body 24 of the waste heat absorption coil 20, and both ends of the arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections 25 are connected to the inside of the tube body 24 of the waste heat absorption coil 20. The refrigerant (conventional refrigerant can be selected) in the waste heat absorption coil 20 flows through the tube body 24 and the arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections 25. The arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections 25 can increase the contact area between the waste heat absorption coil 20 and the flue gas, improve the absorption effect, and thus improve the overall efficiency of the waste heat recovery device 2, thereby improving the endurance of the ship.

[0088] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and the implementation modes. They can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the art, additional modifications can be easily implemented. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the scope of equivalents, the present invention is not limited to specific details.

Claims

1. A highly efficient and energy-saving ship heat pump system, characterized in that: It includes a heat pump heater, a waste heat recovery device and a water tank; An upper water storage chamber and a lower water storage chamber are formed in the water tank by a partition plate, and a water outlet connecting the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber is provided on the partition plate, and a temperature control switch for controlling the water outlet to be turned on or off is provided on the water outlet; The heat pump heater comprises a heat pump outdoor unit and a heat pump heat release coil connected to the heat pump outdoor unit and arranged in the lower water storage chamber; The waste heat recovery device comprises a waste heat absorption coil for absorbing heat in the smoke exhausted from the kitchen and a waste heat release coil arranged in the upper water storage chamber and connected to the waste heat absorption coil.

2. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The waste heat recovery device also includes a smoke exhaust pipe arranged above the kitchen stove and a filtering device arranged in the smoke exhaust pipe. The waste heat absorption coil is arranged inside the smoke exhaust pipe and above the filtering device.

3. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The waste heat absorption coils include at least two groups, and the at least two groups of waste heat absorption coils are arranged in a conical shape inside the smoke exhaust pipe.

4. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer wall of the tube body of the waste heat absorption coil is provided with a plurality of arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections, and both ends of the arc-shaped heat-conducting pipe sections are communicated with the inside of the tube body of the waste heat absorption coil.

5. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The upper water storage chamber is provided with a first water inlet, and the lower water storage chamber is provided with a second water inlet and a water outlet.

6. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber is lower than the set range, the temperature control switch closes the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber are kept isolated; when the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber reaches the set range, the temperature control switch opens the water outlet, and the upper water storage chamber and the lower water storage chamber are kept connected.

7. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The temperature control switch comprises a mounting plate fixedly connected to the inner wall of the upper water storage chamber, a pressure rod connected to the lower surface of the mounting plate through a compression spring, a sealing valve fixedly connected to the bottom of the pressure rod for sealing the water hole, and a plurality of temperature-sensitive ejection components arranged between the sealing valve and a partition plate around the outer periphery of the water hole; When the water temperature in the upper water storage chamber reaches a set range, the temperature-sensing push-up assembly generates an upward thrust on the sealing valve, so that the sealing valve is separated from the water passage hole.

8. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper part of the water hole is provided with an arc-shaped opening section; The upper periphery of the sealing valve is provided with a convex edge, and the lower part of the sealing valve has a spherical part for being inserted into the arc-shaped mouth section to achieve sealing.

9. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 8, characterized in that: A cone sealing column is arranged at the bottom of the spherical part, and a cone hole for the cone sealing column to be inserted into is communicated with the lower end of the arc-shaped mouth section.

10. The high-efficiency and energy-saving ship heat pump system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The temperature-sensing push-up assembly comprises a base fixedly connected to the partition plate at the periphery of the water-passing hole, a receiving hole provided on the base, a push rod which is retractably inserted into the receiving hole and whose upper end is fixedly connected to the bottom of the convex edge, a temperature-sensing bag which is arranged in the receiving hole and at the lower end of the push rod, and a tension spring connected between the base and the convex edge, and the temperature-sensing bag comprises an elastic bag body and a temperature-sensing medium filled in the elastic bag body; A guide sleeve is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting plate, the upper end of the pressure rod is inserted into the guide sleeve, a first bearing and a first sealing ring are arranged between the pressure rod and the guide sleeve; a second bearing and a second sealing ring are arranged between the push rod and the accommodating hole; An annular heat conducting part is arranged in the middle of the base, the inner wall of the inner circle of the annular heat conducting part is in contact with the temperature sensing package, and the outer wall of the outer circle of the annular heat conducting part extends out of the outer wall of the base.

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