Tunnel deformation monitoring system and method based on array laser

Abstract

The invention provides a tunnel deformation monitoring system and method based on array laser. The system comprises a data acquisition module, an edge control master station and a cloud platform, the data acquisition module comprises a data acquisition terminal and a protection box; a laser ranging module, a sensor module, a first communication module and a processor in the data acquisition terminal are arranged based on the overall supporting structure, the laser ranging module monitors the distance of the tunnel structure in real time, and the sensor module acquires real-time monitoring data to assist in analyzing a deformation monitoring result; the processor is used for controlling the laser ranging module and the sensor module to process the collected data; the edge control master station comprises an industrial personal computer, a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module and is used for analyzing and identifying abnormal data and generating a matched instruction; by adopting the scheme, the problems that the operation convenience is insufficient, the monitoring is easily interfered and the monitoring performance is insufficient in the traditional technology can be solved, data acquisition parameters are flexibly configured, and the accuracy of a monitoring result is ensured on the basis of saving energy consumption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of real-time tunnel monitoring, and in particular to a tunnel deformation monitoring system and method based on array laser. Background Art

[0002] If the degree of deformation of the tunnel wall exceeds the set level, it will affect the operational safety or the stability of the overall structure. Therefore, it is very important to realize real-time deformation monitoring of the tunnel structure, whether in the tunnel construction stage or the operation stage. The traditional method of tunnel deformation monitoring is achieved through monitoring and measurement. The measuring points on each section of the tunnel primary support are monitored by a total station at a fixed frequency, and the purpose of monitoring is achieved according to the displacement deformation of each measuring point. Although this method can effectively predict the change trend of each measuring point, it requires surveyors to use total stations and other equipment to monitor fixed measuring points in the tunnel at a certain frequency to realize the grasp of the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel section, thereby realizing the monitoring of the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel section. However, the above method has the following shortcomings when applied: (1) The automation level is low, the operation process is complicated, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed; (2) The measuring points are easily damaged or blocked, resulting in discontinuous monitoring data, and it is impossible to actually grasp the continuous deformation trend of the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock; (3) The monitoring frequency is low. The monitoring frequency that is too low within the cycle cannot timely feedback the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0003] The information disclosed in the background technology section of the present invention is only intended to deepen the understanding of the general background technology of the present invention, and should not be regarded as acknowledging or suggesting in any form that the information constitutes the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser, which includes: a data acquisition module, an edge control main station and a cloud platform; the data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protective box; the laser ranging module, the sensor module, the first communication module and the processor in the data acquisition terminal are arranged based on the overall support structure, and the edge control main station includes an industrial computer, a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module, which are used to analyze and identify abnormal data and generate matching instructions; the use of this system can overcome the problems of insufficient operational convenience, susceptibility to interference and insufficient monitoring performance of traditional technologies. The system uses a laser ranging module to monitor the distance of the tunnel structure in real time, and the sensor module collects real-time monitoring data to assist in analyzing deformation monitoring results; the processor controls the laser ranging module and the sensor module to process the collected data; the data acquisition parameters can be flexibly configured during the application process to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results on the basis of saving energy consumption. In a preferred embodiment, the system includes: a data acquisition module, an edge control main station and a cloud platform; The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protection box associated with the data acquisition terminal; The data acquisition terminal includes an overall support structure and a laser ranging module, a sensor module, a first communication module and a processor arranged based on the overall support structure; The laser distance measurement module adopts an array laser acquisition terminal to monitor the distance of the tunnel structure in real time by emitting lasers, and a window is reserved on the protective box for the laser beam to pass through; The sensor module at least includes an inclination sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a dust concentration sensor module, and a noise sensor, which are used to collect inclination change information, temperature information, dust concentration information, and noise information of relevant measuring points on the tunnel wall in real time, and assist in analyzing deformation monitoring results; The processor is used to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module, and manage the data collected by the laser ranging module and the sensor module; The edge control master station includes an industrial computer and a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module connected to the industrial computer; the edge control master station communicates with the data acquisition module, receives data and uploads it to the cloud platform, identifies abnormal data and generates alarm instructions.

[0005] Preferably, in one embodiment, the protection box is an integrated hollow structure for providing protection for the array laser acquisition terminal, and mounting through holes are provided at the upper and lower parts of the back plate of the protection box for overall fixed installation on the tunnel wall at the monitoring point.

[0006] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the overall support structure includes an overall support layer and an adjustable structure located within the overall support layer; the laser ranging module, sensor module, first communication module and processor are arranged on the adjustable structure and are arranged at corresponding positions of the protective box through the overall support layer.

[0007] Optionally, in one embodiment, the data acquisition module also includes an interactive control mechanism, which is disposed on one side of the protective box and connected to a processor of the data acquisition module for adjusting configuration parameters related to data acquisition. Different cross-section monitoring points can set different configuration parameters according to the surrounding rock conditions of the cross-section. The configuration parameters include acquisition frequency setting, power-on time setting, and sleep time setting.

[0008] In one embodiment, the processor determines data acquisition related configuration parameters based on a set multi-level power threshold. When the real-time power meets different power requirements, the enabling and disabling of each sensor module and the monitoring frequency of each sensor module and the laser ranging module are adjusted. The multi-level power threshold is pre-set by the user and adjusted through the interactive control mechanism when there is an adjustment demand.

[0009] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the processor of the data acquisition terminal is also configured to perform filtering on the collected data to eliminate data with an error three times greater than the average value.

[0010] Preferably, in one embodiment, the edge control main station is preferably arranged on the second lining trolley to avoid repeated installation and replacement of the edge control main station.

[0011] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the edge control master station calculates the deformation data of each monitoring point through an industrial computer, including a single deformation amount, a single deformation rate and a cumulative deformation amount of each monitoring point.

[0012] In an optional embodiment, the industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured as follows: if the current deformation data does not belong to abnormal data that requires immediate alarm, the deformation data of the demand cycle is predicted based on the monitored real-time deformation data using a set prediction operation model, and corresponding warning information or reminder information is output for the prediction results that meet the set risk conditions.

[0013] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured to: when it is determined that the prediction result reaches the set risk condition, generate parameter adjustment instructions and transmit them to the data acquisition module to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module to achieve high-precision monitoring.

[0014] Based on the application of the system described in any one or more of the above embodiments, the present invention further provides a tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser, which is applied to the system described in any one or more of the above embodiments, and the method includes: Analyze tunnel structure and historical monitoring data, determine the distribution data of monitoring points, and based on this, determine the location of installing data acquisition modules and edge control master stations; The data acquisition module and the protection box are installed at each monitoring point in the tunnel section in a set manner, and data acquisition is performed after the initial configuration parameters are set. The initial configuration parameters include the initial power threshold, the initial power-on sleep time, and the default monitoring frequency; The edge control master station receives the laser ranging data and sensor data obtained by the data acquisition module, processes and determines the tunnel deformation result, and judges whether it is abnormal data. If so, the corresponding first warning information is output; otherwise, a prediction is made based on the current tunnel deformation data, and feedback information is output based on the prediction result; The feedback information includes the second warning information and corresponding data acquisition configuration parameter adjustment data or prediction result information.

[0015] Compared with the closest prior art, the present invention also has the following beneficial effects.

[0016] The present invention provides a tunnel deformation monitoring system and method based on array laser. The system includes: a data acquisition module, an edge control main station and a cloud platform; the data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protection box; the laser ranging module, the sensor module, the first communication module and the processor in the data acquisition terminal are arranged based on the overall support structure, the laser ranging module monitors the distance of the tunnel structure in real time, and the sensor module collects real-time monitoring data to assist in analyzing the deformation monitoring results; each tunnel section with monitoring requirements can be monitored in real time, and the data monitoring data can be processed and analyzed, the laser ranging module is used to monitor the settlement of the section vault and the surrounding convergence, and the ranging abnormal data is comprehensively analyzed with each sensor monitoring data as an influencing factor, which is helpful to reasonably judge whether the data is abnormal.

[0017] The processor is used to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module to process the collected data; the parameters of each monitoring module are automatically adjusted according to the power status, energy-saving operation is flexibly achieved, and monitoring breakpoints are avoided.

[0018] The edge control main station includes an industrial computer, a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module, which are used to analyze and identify abnormal data and generate matching instructions. It can not only issue warnings based on directly monitored data, but also make predictions based on real-time monitoring data and issue warnings based on prediction results, comprehensively overcoming deformation risks and improving monitoring reliability and stability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present invention, they are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is an appearance view of a protection box in a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural exploded diagram of a protection box in a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the substructure distribution of the protection box in the tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in one embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the principle of the laser array-based tunnel deformation monitoring system processor according to the embodiment of the present invention determining the configuration parameters of the data acquisition module according to the electric quantity; Figure 6It is a schematic diagram of the installation positions of a data acquisition module and an edge control master station in a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in another embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is an example diagram of laser ranging in a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the data processing flow of the edge control master station in the laser array-based tunnel deformation monitoring system provided in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following will describe the implementation methods of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, so that the implementers of the present invention can fully understand how the present invention applies technical means to solve technical problems and achieve the implementation process of technical effects and implement the present invention specifically according to the above implementation process. It should be noted that as long as there is no conflict, the various embodiments and various features of the embodiments in the present invention can be combined with each other, and the technical solutions formed are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] Although the flowcharts describe the operations as sequential processes, many of the operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. The order of the operations may be rearranged. A process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the accompanying drawings. A process may correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0022] Computer devices include user devices and network devices. Among them, user devices or clients include but are not limited to computers, smart phones, PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), etc.; network devices include but are not limited to a single network server, a server group consisting of multiple network servers, or a cloud based on cloud computing consisting of a large number of computers or network servers. Computer devices can be run alone to implement the present invention, or they can be connected to the network and implement the present invention through interactive operations with other computer devices in the network. The network where the computer device is located includes but is not limited to the Internet, wide area network, metropolitan area network, local area network, VPN network, etc.

[0023] The terms "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various units, but these units should not be limited by these terms, and these terms are used only to distinguish one unit from another unit. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the listed associated items. When a unit is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another unit, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other unit, or there can be intermediate units.

[0024] The terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit exemplary embodiments. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms "one", "one" and "item" used herein are also intended to include plural numbers. It should also be understood that the terms "include" and / or "comprise" used herein specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, units and / or components, without excluding the existence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, units, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0025] In tunnel structures, the stress release of the geostress field will cause various forms of deformation in the surrounding rock, thereby causing deformation of the tunnel wall. If the degree of deformation of the tunnel wall exceeds the set level, it will affect the operational safety or the stability of the overall structure. Therefore, whether in the tunnel construction stage or the operation stage, it is very important to realize real-time deformation monitoring of the tunnel structure.

[0026] The traditional method of tunnel deformation monitoring is achieved through monitoring and measurement. The measuring points on each section of the tunnel primary branch are monitored at a fixed frequency by a total station, and the purpose of monitoring is achieved according to the displacement deformation of each measuring point. Although this method can effectively predict the change trend of each measuring point, it requires surveyors to use total stations and other equipment to monitor fixed measuring points in the tunnel at a certain frequency to grasp the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel section, thereby realizing the three-dimensional deformation monitoring of the tunnel section. However, the above method has the following shortcomings when applied: (1) The automation level is low, the operation process is complicated, and a lot of manpower and material resources are required; (2) The measuring points are easily damaged or blocked, resulting in discontinuous monitoring data and the inability to actually grasp the continuous deformation trend of the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock; (3) The monitoring frequency is low. A monitoring frequency that is too low within a cycle cannot provide timely feedback on the three-dimensional deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock.

[0027] In view of the shortcomings of the existing monitoring and measurement methods, the present invention provides a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser, in which multiple array laser acquisition terminals are arranged at monitoring points on the tunnel section through a protective box, and deformation data of multiple monitoring points on the tunnel section are collected at an adjustable fixed monitoring frequency, and the configuration parameters of the collected data can be flexibly adjusted; the data is then transmitted to the edge control main station data processing terminal for processing and analysis, and timely on-site warnings are issued for data abnormalities. Predictions can also be made based on real-time monitoring data to timely discover risk situations and issue warnings, and the data can be uploaded to a cloud platform to realize data display and report display, thereby realizing automatic real-time monitoring of tunnel section deformation.

[0028] Next, the structural components, connection modes and functional principles of the system of the embodiment of the present invention are described in detail based on the drawings. Although the logical order of each operation is shown in the process of describing the operating principle of the system structure, in some cases, the operations shown or described can be performed in a different order than here. Embodiment 1.

[0029] Figure 1 FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 It can be seen that the system includes: data acquisition module, edge control master station and cloud platform; The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protection box associated with the data acquisition terminal; The data acquisition terminal includes an overall support structure and a laser ranging module, a sensor module, a first communication module and a processor arranged based on the overall support structure; The laser distance measurement module adopts an array laser acquisition terminal to monitor the distance of the tunnel structure in real time by emitting lasers, and a window is reserved on the protective box for the laser beam to pass through; The sensor module at least includes an inclination sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a dust concentration sensor module, and a noise sensor, which are used to collect inclination change information, temperature information, dust concentration information, and noise information of relevant measuring points on the tunnel wall in real time, and assist in analyzing deformation monitoring results; The processor is used to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module, and manage the data collected by the laser ranging module and the sensor module; The edge control master station includes an industrial computer and a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module connected to the industrial computer; the edge control master station communicates with the data acquisition module, receives data and uploads it to the cloud platform, identifies abnormal data and generates alarm instructions.

[0030] The tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided by the embodiment of the present invention conveniently and effectively realizes the real-time collection, processing, uploading, early warning and display of tunnel section monitoring data. In actual application, the monitoring points can be adaptively set according to actual needs, and the data collection (digital acquisition) configuration parameters of different points can be set separately. The system can independently decide the adjustment of configuration parameters based on the power supply of the equipment and the implementation monitoring results, and maximize the energy utilization rate on the basis of ensuring the reliability of the data monitoring results; for specific persuasion, please refer to the subsequent embodiments.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the protection box is an integrated hollow structure for providing protection for the data acquisition terminal. The use of the protection box structure can avoid possible damage to the data acquisition terminal equipment from all directions in the tunnel. In actual application, in order to better meet the requirements of strong protection and installation, the protection box is made of aluminum alloy.

[0032] In actual application, the upper and lower parts of the back plate of the protection box are provided with mounting through holes for integrally fixing the protection box on the tunnel wall at the monitoring point.

[0033] Taking into account the inconsistency of the monitored tunnel section stages due to different construction techniques, it is necessary to select a location that can maximize the use of all measuring lines. Preferably, for full-section tunnels, a protective box is installed at a position 1.3 to 1.5 meters away from the arch height.

[0034] By reasonably setting up the data acquisition terminal, real-time monitoring of the monitoring data of each dangerous surrounding rock section of the tunnel section can be achieved.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the data acquisition terminal is configured to identify the monitored and collected data to distinguish different sensors and different distance measurement data under different sections to avoid data disorder.

[0036] Furthermore, in an optional embodiment, the data acquisition terminal is also configured to perform filtering on the collected data to eliminate data whose errors meet set conditions, thereby achieving a denoising effect.

[0037] The processor mainboard of the data acquisition terminal performs filtering processing to remove noise data.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the data with a mean error of three times the mean value is removed during the filtering process. The logic of the filtering process to determine the data to be removed is as follows: First, calculate the average value of the data after the identification is completed; Then calculate the mean error of the data as follows: (1).

[0039] In the formula, n is the amount of data, x is i For each data value, is the average value, is the mean error.

[0040] The three-times mean error of the data is further calculated; based on the above operations, for each data point, check whether it is within the interval of the mean plus or minus three times the standard error. If not, it is regarded as a gross error point and is eliminated.

[0041] In actual application, the distribution data of monitoring points can be determined according to the structure of the tunnel and historical monitoring data, and the location of installing the data acquisition module and the edge control master station can be determined based on this.

[0042] In practical applications, for tunnels with complex structures or with a high probability of abnormal historical monitoring data, flexible decisions are made to set up monitoring points with a higher density.

[0043] The data acquisition module and the protection box are installed in a set manner at each monitoring point in the tunnel section, and data acquisition is performed after the initial configuration parameters are set. The initial configuration parameters include the initial power threshold, the initial power-on sleep time, and the default monitoring frequency.

[0044] A mounting through hole is provided at the bottom of the main body of the protection box, so that the data acquisition terminal structure can be relatively fixedly connected to the main body of the protection box; In addition, the protective box is provided with an arc groove limiter for setting the array laser acquisition terminal.

[0045] The panels of the protective box are fixed to the top and bottom plates through mutually arranged through holes, and the back plate (rear panel) faces the tunnel wall and is provided with a window for the sensor module to collect data.

[0046] A first window is provided at a position on the front panel of the protection box corresponding to the power module for real-time viewing of status information of the power module; the power module uses a battery and is installed on one side of the protection box to supply power to the data acquisition terminal.

[0047] A second window is provided on the front panel of the protection box at a position corresponding to the laser ranging module, for allowing the laser beam emitted by the laser ranging module to pass through. The second window for the laser beam to pass through is sealed from the outside world by tempered glass, and is used to protect the array laser acquisition terminal. The appearance of the protection box is shown in the figure below. Figure 2 shown.

[0048] The first communication module of the data acquisition terminal adopts a wireless communication module, including an antenna; the front panel of the protective box is also provided with a through hole for the antenna to be extended, and the antenna is connected to the antenna hole located at the top of the data acquisition terminal through the through hole. The data acquisition module realizes wireless communication with the edge control main station through the antenna.

[0049] The data acquisition terminal is set up based on the overall support structure, which is divided into two layers, the outer layer is the overall support layer structure, and the inner layer is each laser ranging module, wireless transmission module, tilt sensor module, temperature sensor module, dust concentration sensor module, noise sensor, mainboard and adjustable structure; The overall support structure includes an overall support layer and an adjustable structure located within the overall support layer; the laser ranging module, sensor module, first communication module and processor are arranged on the adjustable structure and are arranged at corresponding positions of the protective box through the overall support layer.

[0050] The adjustable structure of the inner layer provides structural support for each submodule, and the use of slide rails to fix the components makes it easy to replace and repair the components. The adjustable structure adopts a layered structure, and each layer uses a slide seat and / or a slide rail structure to set each component.

[0051] In an optional embodiment, the adjustable structure is divided into three layers in the inner layer of the data acquisition terminal, which are the first, second and third layers from top to bottom; the first layer is composed of a slide seat and two side slide rails, and the two side slide rails are arranged on the inner side of the upper part of the array laser acquisition terminal, and are tilted upward to facilitate the measurement of the tunnel vault position; the slide seat matches the two side slide rails, and the upper and lower parts are provided with mounting holes, which are respectively used to fix the laser ranging module and the processor, and the slide seat and the slide rail are fixed by connecting the fixing parts and the fixing holes at the bottom of the slide rail; The third layer structure is consistent with the first layer, the angle is horizontal, and it limits the second layer; The left and right sides of the second layer are respectively fixed parts with different angles, and the laser ranging modules are respectively fixed on the fixed parts. Figure 3 shown.

[0052] Among them, each laser ranging module is installed in a rectangular protective body to provide secondary protection for the laser ranging module.

[0053] The wireless transmission module and the tilt sensor module are arranged on the top of the inner adjustable structure, connected to the processor internally, and connected to the antenna interfaces on both sides externally. The wireless transmission module is used to maintain real-time communication between the data acquisition terminal and the edge control master station. The tilt sensor is used to monitor the tilt change of the entire device.

[0054] The processor is the core module of the array laser data acquisition terminal. The processor includes a built-in adjustment control module and a data processing unit. The data processing unit adopts a micro CPU mainboard. The built-in adjustment control module is used to convert the data acquisition related configuration parameters determined according to the power supply information or the data acquisition related configuration parameters set by the user through the interactive control mechanism into control instructions to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module.

[0055] The tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser also includes a data adjustment control module, which generates data adjustment based on the data of each sensor module through a processor mainboard and the data adjustment control module, and transmits the data to each sensor module to realize row parameter setting; in actual application, the data adjustment control module receives the adjustment instruction from the processor mainboard, then receives the data of each sensor module, and then transmits the acquired sensor data to the controller mainboard, and the controller mainboard processes the sensor data to generate matching data adjustment instructions, which are transmitted to each sensor module to realize row parameter setting.

[0056] The overall support layer (outer support structure) has a hollow rectangular shape, and a mounting through hole is provided at the bottom, and the hole diameter and position are consistent with the mounting through hole at the bottom of the protective box.

[0057] A mounting hole is provided on the top of the integral support layer, and the mounting hole is used to install a handle to facilitate carrying and installation of the device.

[0058] Antenna plugs, dust concentration sensors, noise sensors, and power interfaces are respectively provided on both sides of the integral support layer. The antenna plugs are provided on the upper parts of both sides of the array laser acquisition terminal and are internally connected to the wireless transmission module for connecting the antenna.

[0059] The power interface is installed on one side of the array laser acquisition terminal and is internally connected to the processor for connecting an external battery to power the device. Figure 4 shown.

[0060] Optionally, the dust concentration sensor is arranged on the upper left side of the data acquisition terminal and is internally connected to the processor to monitor the dust concentration in the tunnel.

[0061] The noise sensor is arranged at the upper right side of the array laser acquisition terminal and is internally connected to the processor for monitoring the sound in the tunnel.

[0062] The temperature sensor is arranged at the lower left side of the array laser acquisition terminal, and is internally connected to the processor for monitoring the temperature in the tunnel.

[0063] The data acquisition module also includes an interactive control mechanism, including an external display screen and a button structure. The interactive control mechanism is connected to the processor of the data acquisition module and is used to adjust the configuration parameters related to data acquisition. Different monitoring frequencies can be set for different section monitoring points according to the surrounding rock conditions of the section.

[0064] In an optional embodiment, the interactive control mechanism is installed on one side of the array laser acquisition terminal, and is internally connected to the processor to provide the user with an interactive port for adjusting configuration parameters. The configuration parameters include acquisition frequency setting, power-on time setting, and sleep time setting.

[0065] In actual application, the configuration parameter settings can be adjusted through the external display screen and buttons, including acquisition frequency settings, power-on time settings, and sleep time settings; the acquisition frequency settings, power-on time settings, and sleep time settings are set as initial default values ​​for the first installation, and can be adjusted through the external screen and buttons during operation.

[0066] The power module sends real-time power supply information to the processor, and the processor decides data acquisition related configuration parameters based on the set multi-level power threshold. When the real-time power meets different power requirements, the activation and deactivation of each sensor module and the monitoring frequency of each sensor module and laser ranging module are adjusted. The multi-level power threshold is pre-set by the user and adjusted through the interactive control mechanism when there is an adjustment demand.

[0067] In an optional embodiment, a power threshold 1 and a power threshold 2 are set, and the power threshold 1 < the power threshold 2. The data acquisition configuration parameters can be controlled according to the following logic: If the power level is higher than threshold 2, the configuration parameters are set to enable the data acquisition terminal to turn on and off each monitoring module at a set time interval, and each monitoring module performs monitoring at the set monitoring frequency during the power-on time.

[0068] If the current power level is higher than threshold 1 and lower than threshold 2, set the configuration parameters to instruct the data acquisition terminal to turn off the noise sensor module and the temperature sensor module; turn on and off the remaining monitoring modules at the set time interval; and each monitoring module monitors at the set monitoring frequency during the power-on time.

[0069] If the current power is lower than threshold 1, set the configuration parameters to enable the data acquisition terminal to turn on and off the laser distance measurement module and the tilt sensor module at the set time interval; the laser distance measurement module and the tilt sensor module monitor at the set monitoring frequency during the power-on time; other data acquisition modules are set to be shut down; as shown in the attached Figure 5 shown.

[0070] The edge control master station may also automatically generate configuration parameter adjustment instructions based on the monitoring data calculation results or further prediction results, and transmit the instructions to the processor to modify the monitoring parameters.

[0071] The tunnel deformation monitoring system of the present invention can realize automatic adjustment of each monitoring module according to the collection of the electric power state, and can realize high-quality tunnel state monitoring on the basis of saving energy consumption.

[0072] In addition, in actual application, considering the different monitoring requirements of different monitoring points, the application of configuration parameters can be decided according to different monitoring points.

[0073] Optionally, in one embodiment, the urgency of different monitoring points for different monitoring requirements is analyzed and marked, and the set high-performance data acquisition configuration parameters are maintained for monitoring point sections with relatively urgent monitoring requirements in all aspects; For monitoring points and sections with urgent monitoring needs in specific aspects, the data acquisition submodules corresponding to the urgent monitoring needs always maintain high-performance data acquisition configuration parameters, and other data acquisition submodules are adjustable; For monitoring points with a relatively high safety factor, the urgency of monitoring needs in all aspects is relatively low, so the configuration parameters of all data acquisition sub-modules are adjustable. For example, when the battery is low, the monitoring frequency can be flexibly reduced appropriately.

[0074] The edge control master station includes an industrial computer and a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module connected to the industrial computer; the edge control master station communicates with the data acquisition module, receives data and uploads it to the cloud platform, identifies abnormal data and generates alarm instructions.

[0075] The edge control main station is arranged on the secondary lining trolley to avoid repeated installation and replacement of the edge control main station; Figure 6 As shown; A power supply module is provided to supply power to the other modules; the network module receives data from the industrial computer and uploads the data to the cloud platform; and the alarm module receives instructions from the industrial computer and generates an alarm.

[0076] The second communication module of the edge control master station and the first communication module of the data acquisition module form a local area network, the second communication module is the host, the first communication module is the slave, the host can receive data transmitted by multiple slaves of the wireless communication modules of the data acquisition terminal, and can send parameter adjustment instructions to each slave through the host.

[0077] The industrial computer has a built-in data processing module, which receives data collected by the plurality of array laser data acquisition terminals, processes and analyzes the data, and issues timely on-site alarms for data anomalies.

[0078] In the process of processing and analyzing the data, the industrial computer calculates the deformation data of each monitoring point according to the set specifications, including the single deformation amount, single deformation rate and cumulative deformation amount of each monitoring point. Among them, the deformation rate can be taken as the ratio of the single deformation value to the time when the single deformation occurs (that is, the time difference between two adjacent measurements).

[0079] Take the monitoring point of arch settlement as an example. Figure 7 As shown, the deformation data calculation process of the corresponding monitoring data is as follows: Taking the GD-0 arch top as an example, the calculation formula for the GD-0 arch top settlement is as follows: (2); (3).

[0080] In the formula, is the single settlement value, is the distance between the rangefinder and the GD-0 dome monitoring point during the nth measurement, is the angle between the GD-0 lateral line and the x-axis during the nth measurement (the x-axis is set to the direction facing the laser rangefinder), h is the cumulative sedimentation value, is the distance between the rangefinder and the GD-0 dome monitoring point during the first measurement. is the angle between the GD-0 lateral line and the x-axis during the first measurement.

[0081] In addition, taking the SL-1 convergence point as an example, the calculation formula for the SL-1 surrounding convergence is as follows: .

[0082] In the formula, is a single convergence value, is the distance between the laser ranging module and the SL-1 convergence monitoring point during the nth measurement, S is the cumulative convergence value, Indicates the distance between the rangefinder and the SL-1 convergence monitoring point during the first measurement.

[0083] The tunnel deformation monitoring system provided by the present invention uses a laser ranging module to monitor the settlement of the cross-section vault and the surrounding convergence, and uses the monitoring data of each sensor as an influencing factor to comprehensively analyze the abnormal ranging data, reasonably judge whether the cause of the data abnormality is generated, and decide whether to issue an early warning.

[0084] In actual application, if the tunnel deformation monitoring data is judged to be an abnormal state, a comprehensive decision can be made based on the remaining sensor data of the tunnel in the same period; it can be determined whether other sensor data are normal. If there are also abnormalities, the cause of the abnormality can be determined based on the specific abnormal type and distribution of the sensor data, such as whether it is caused by inclination changes / temperature / ash layer concentration, etc., and the corresponding working conditions can be comprehensively analyzed to analyze whether it is a normal situation, so as to determine whether to output targeted warning signals.

[0085] In an optional embodiment, different weights may be assigned to the inclination, temperature, dust concentration, and noise data according to the characteristics of the tunnel, so that the corresponding indicators can be calculated separately and then a comprehensive analysis can be performed to determine the cause of the abnormal ranging data.

[0086] The process of processing and analyzing data by the industrial computer also includes predicting a set period based on the monitoring data according to demand to obtain a prediction result; based on this, if the current deformation data does not belong to abnormal data that requires immediate alarm, the set prediction operation model is used to predict the deformation data of the demand period based on the monitored real-time deformation data, and the corresponding warning information or reminder information is output for the prediction results that meet the set risk conditions.

[0087] The tunnel deformation monitoring system of an embodiment of the present invention receives the laser ranging data and sensor data obtained by the data acquisition module through the edge control main station, processes and determines the tunnel deformation result, and judges whether it is abnormal data. If so, it outputs the corresponding first warning information; otherwise, it makes a prediction based on the current tunnel deformation data and outputs feedback information based on the prediction result; the feedback information includes the second warning information and the corresponding data acquisition configuration parameter adjustment data or the prediction result information.

[0088] The industrial computer calculates the change of deformation data within a set time period through an established prediction operation model; in a preferred embodiment, the prediction operation model can adopt a univariate nonlinear regression model and a multivariate nonlinear regression model.

[0089] The tunnel deformation monitoring system of the embodiment of the present invention can predict the variation trend of the cross-section deformation amount based on the collected data by using the established univariate nonlinear regression model and multivariate nonlinear regression model, thereby realizing the early perception and prediction of danger.

[0090] The industrial computer is also used to upload the processing and analysis results or prediction results to the cloud platform; the cloud platform outputs and displays the data results and warning information processed and analyzed by the edge control master station, provides report export services, and feeds back warning signals according to the warning needs reflected in the data, such as outputting warning signals or adding warning marks.

[0091] The industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured to: when it is determined that the prediction result meets the set risk conditions, generate parameter adjustment instructions and transmit them to the data acquisition module to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module to achieve high-precision monitoring; for example, send configuration parameter adjustment instructions to control increasing the monitoring frequency, reducing the sleep time, etc.

[0092] Based on this, the tunnel deformation monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the present invention feeds back the results of data processing and analysis to the acquisition terminal in real time, adjusts the monitoring frequency and monitoring duration, and in line with the purpose of saving energy while ensuring the best monitoring performance, autonomously adjusts the monitoring parameters in the presence of risks to ensure the reliability and comprehensiveness of the data. The data processing flow is shown in the attached figure. Figure 8 shown.

[0093] In the tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser provided in the embodiment of the present invention, each module or unit structure can be operated independently or in combination according to the actual data acquisition requirements and control decision requirements to achieve corresponding technical effects.

[0094] The system is described in detail in the embodiments disclosed in the above invention. Based on other aspects of the system described in any one or more embodiments, the present invention further provides a tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser, which is applied to the tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser described in any one or more embodiments. Specific embodiments are given below for detailed description.

[0095] Specifically, the tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes the following operations: Analyze tunnel structure and historical monitoring data, determine the distribution data of monitoring points, and based on this, determine the location of installing data acquisition modules and edge control master stations; The data acquisition module and the protection box are installed at each monitoring point in the tunnel section in a set manner, and data acquisition is performed after the initial configuration parameters are set. The initial configuration parameters include the initial power threshold, the initial power-on sleep time, and the default monitoring frequency; The edge control master station receives the laser ranging data and sensor data obtained by the data acquisition module, processes and determines the tunnel deformation result, and judges whether it is abnormal data. If so, the corresponding first warning information is output; otherwise, a prediction is made based on the current tunnel deformation data, and feedback information is output based on the prediction result; The feedback information includes the second warning information and corresponding data acquisition configuration parameter adjustment data or prediction result information.

[0096] In practical application, the complete implementation process of the tunnel deformation monitoring method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is as follows: Step 1: According to the actual situation of the tunnel, confirm the number of monitoring sections and the installation positions of the array laser data acquisition terminal and the edge control main station. The edge control main station is preferably arranged on the second lining trolley to avoid repeated installation and replacement of the edge control main station. The array laser data acquisition terminals are preferably arranged at equal intervals according to the specification content; Step 2: Install the protection box 1 on each section; Step 2: Install the array laser data acquisition terminal 2 to one side of the interior of the protection box 1, and fix it through the mounting positioning holes at the bottom of the acquisition terminal 2 and the bottom of the protection box 1 corresponding to each other; Step 3: Install the battery to the other side of the protective box 1 to power the array laser data acquisition terminal 2; Step 4: Setting parameters of the array laser data acquisition terminal through the display screen and buttons, including: (1) Set power threshold 1 and power threshold 2; (2) Set the power-on and sleep time to improve battery life; (3) Set the default monitoring frequency. Different monitoring frequencies can be set for different sections according to the surrounding rock conditions of the section.

[0097] Step 5: Install the edge control master station 3 at the set location, power on and connect to the network, check the connection status with the wireless transmission modules of each section monitoring terminal, and after confirming that the connection is normal, start the collection of monitoring data; Step 6: Use the processor of the data acquisition module to obtain the collected monitoring data and transmit it to the edge control main station, and analyze and process it to obtain the deformation monitoring results and prediction results.

[0098] The tunnel deformation monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a tunnel deformation monitoring method system based on array laser, comprising: a data acquisition module, an edge control main station and a cloud platform; The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protection box associated with the data acquisition terminal; The data acquisition terminal includes an overall support structure and a laser ranging module, a sensor module, a first communication module and a processor arranged based on the overall support structure; The laser distance measurement module adopts an array laser acquisition terminal to monitor the distance of the tunnel structure in real time by emitting lasers, and a window is reserved on the protective box for the laser beam to pass through; The sensor module at least includes an inclination sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a dust concentration sensor module, and a noise sensor, which are used to collect inclination change information, temperature information, dust concentration information, and noise information of relevant measuring points on the tunnel wall in real time, and assist in analyzing deformation monitoring results; The processor is used to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module, and manage the data collected by the laser ranging module and the sensor module; The edge control master station includes an industrial computer and a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module connected to the industrial computer; the edge control master station communicates with the data acquisition module, receives data and uploads it to the cloud platform, identifies abnormal data and generates alarm instructions.

[0099] Preferably, in one embodiment, the protection box is an integrated hollow structure for providing protection for the array laser acquisition terminal, and mounting through holes are provided at the upper and lower parts of the back plate of the protection box for overall fixed installation on the tunnel wall at the monitoring point.

[0100] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the overall support structure includes an overall support layer and an adjustable structure located within the overall support layer; the laser ranging module, sensor module, first communication module and processor are arranged on the adjustable structure and are arranged at corresponding positions of the protective box through the overall support layer.

[0101] Optionally, in one embodiment, the data acquisition module also includes an interactive control mechanism, which is disposed on one side of the protective box and connected to a processor of the data acquisition module for adjusting configuration parameters related to data acquisition. Different cross-section monitoring points can set different configuration parameters according to the surrounding rock conditions of the cross-section. The configuration parameters include acquisition frequency setting, power-on time setting, and sleep time setting.

[0102] In one embodiment, the processor determines data acquisition related configuration parameters based on a set multi-level power threshold. When the real-time power meets different power requirements, the enabling and disabling of each sensor module and the monitoring frequency of each sensor module and the laser ranging module are adjusted. The multi-level power threshold is pre-set by the user and adjusted through the interactive control mechanism when there is an adjustment demand.

[0103] The processor of the data acquisition terminal is also configured to perform filtering processing on the collected data to eliminate data with an error three times the average value.

[0104] Preferably, in one embodiment, the edge control main station is preferably arranged on the second lining trolley to avoid repeated installation and replacement of the edge control main station.

[0105] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the edge control master station calculates the deformation data of each monitoring point through an industrial computer, including a single deformation amount, a single deformation rate and a cumulative deformation amount of each monitoring point.

[0106] In an optional embodiment, the industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured as follows: if the current deformation data does not belong to abnormal data that requires immediate alarm, the deformation data of the demand cycle is predicted based on the monitored real-time deformation data using a set prediction operation model, and corresponding warning information or reminder information is output for the prediction results that meet the set risk conditions.

[0107] Furthermore, in one embodiment, the industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured to: when it is determined that the prediction result reaches the set risk condition, generate parameter adjustment instructions and transmit them to the data acquisition module to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module to achieve high-precision monitoring.

[0108] For the above-mentioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all described as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should know that the present invention is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also know that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by the present invention.

[0109] It should be pointed out that in other embodiments of the present invention, the method can also obtain a new tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser by combining one or several of the above embodiments to achieve refined monitoring and high-quality maintenance of the tunnel health status.

[0110] It should be noted that, based on the method in any one or more of the above embodiments of the present invention, the present invention also provides a storage medium, on which is stored a program code that can implement the method as described in any one or more of the above embodiments, and when the code is executed by the operating system, the tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser as described above can be implemented.

[0111] It should be understood that the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are not limited to the specific structures, processing steps or materials disclosed herein, but should be extended to equivalent substitutions of these features understood by ordinary technicians in the relevant field. It should also be understood that the terms used herein are only used for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not meant to be limiting.

[0112] The "one embodiment" mentioned in the specification means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, the phrase "one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment.

[0113] Although the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are as above, the above contents are only embodiments adopted for facilitating the understanding of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician in the technical field to which the present invention belongs can make any modifications and changes in the form and details of the implementation without departing from the spirit and scope disclosed in the present invention, but the patent protection scope of the present invention shall still be subject to the scope defined in the attached claims.

Claims

1. A tunnel deformation monitoring system based on array laser, characterized in that: The system includes: a data acquisition module, an edge control main station and a cloud platform; The data acquisition module includes a data acquisition terminal and a protection box associated with the data acquisition terminal; The data acquisition terminal includes an overall support structure and a laser ranging module, a sensor module, a first communication module and a processor arranged based on the overall support structure; The laser distance measurement module adopts an array laser acquisition terminal to monitor the distance of the tunnel structure in real time by emitting lasers, and a window is reserved on the protective box for the laser beam to pass through; The sensor module at least includes an inclination sensor module, a temperature sensor module, a dust concentration sensor module, and a noise sensor, which are used to collect inclination change information, temperature information, dust concentration information, and noise information of relevant measuring points on the tunnel wall in real time, and assist in analyzing deformation monitoring results; The processor is used to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module, and manage the data collected by the laser ranging module and the sensor module; The edge control master station includes an industrial computer and a second communication module, a network module and an alarm module connected to the industrial computer; the edge control master station communicates with the data acquisition module, receives data and uploads it to the cloud platform, identifies abnormal data and generates alarm instructions.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The protection box is an integrated hollow structure, which is used to provide protection for the array laser acquisition terminal. The upper and lower parts of the back plate of the protection box are provided with mounting through holes, which are used for overall fixed installation on the tunnel wall at the monitoring point.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The overall support structure includes an overall support layer and an adjustable structure located within the overall support layer; the laser ranging module, sensor module, first communication module and processor are arranged on the adjustable structure and are arranged at corresponding positions of the protective box through the overall support layer.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The data acquisition module also includes an interactive control mechanism, which is arranged on one side of the protective box and connected to the processor of the data acquisition module for adjusting configuration parameters related to data acquisition. Different configuration parameters can be set for different section monitoring points according to the surrounding rock conditions of the section. The configuration parameters include acquisition frequency setting, power-on time setting, and sleep time setting.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The processor determines data acquisition related configuration parameters based on the set multi-level power threshold. When the real-time power meets different power requirements, it adjusts the activation and deactivation of each sensor module and the monitoring frequency of each sensor module and the laser ranging module. The multi-level power threshold is pre-set by the user and is adjusted through the interactive control mechanism when there is an adjustment demand.

6. The system according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: The processor of the data acquisition terminal is also configured to perform filtering processing on the collected data to eliminate data with an error three times the average value.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The edge control main station is preferably arranged on the secondary lining trolley to avoid repeated installation and replacement of the edge control main station.

8. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The edge control master station calculates the deformation data of each monitoring point through an industrial computer, including the single deformation amount, single deformation rate and cumulative deformation amount of each monitoring point.

9. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The industrial computer of the edge control main station is also configured as follows: if the current deformation data does not belong to abnormal data that requires immediate alarm, the deformation data of the demand cycle is predicted based on the monitored real-time deformation data using the set prediction operation model, and the corresponding warning information or reminder information is output for the prediction results that meet the set risk conditions.

10. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The industrial computer of the edge control master station is also configured to: when it is determined that the prediction result reaches the set risk condition, generate a parameter adjustment instruction and transmit it to the data acquisition module to control the laser ranging module and the sensor module to achieve high-precision monitoring.

11. A tunnel deformation monitoring method based on array laser, characterized in that: The method is applied to the system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, and the method comprises: Analyze tunnel structure and historical monitoring data, determine the distribution data of monitoring points, and based on this, determine the location of installing data acquisition modules and edge control master stations; The data acquisition module and the protection box are installed at each monitoring point in the tunnel section in a set manner, and data acquisition is performed after the initial configuration parameters are set. The initial configuration parameters include the initial power threshold, the initial power-on sleep time, and the default monitoring frequency; The edge control master station receives the laser ranging data and sensor data obtained by the data acquisition module, processes and determines the tunnel deformation result, and judges whether it is abnormal data. If so, the corresponding first warning information is output; otherwise, a prediction is made based on the current tunnel deformation data, and feedback information is output based on the prediction result; The feedback information includes the second warning information and corresponding data acquisition configuration parameter adjustment data or prediction result information.

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