A kind of water conservancy structure optical fiber vibration sensing efficiency test platform under complex service environment

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of complex service environment under hydraulic structure optical fiber vibration sensing efficiency test platform, including detachable model base module, complex service environment simulation module, excitation transmission module, water circulation module and sensing control module.Vibration excitation is carried out under complex service environment by detachable model base module bearing test model.Complex service environment simulation module simulates underwater environment, sunshine radiation, rainfall and wave impact working condition.Excitation transmission module provides vibration through exciter, water circulation module adjusts water flow and acid radical ion concentration, and sensing control module carries out the collection and control of environmental parameters and vibration data.The application can realize the vibration response simulation and optical fiber sensing performance test of hydraulic structure model under earthquake, wave, illumination and complex water body conditions, has the characteristics of modularization, detachability, convenient replacement, improves test efficiency, and helps to improve the application effect of distributed optical fiber vibration sensing equipment in practical engineering.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing for hydraulic structures, and specifically to a testing platform for fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing of hydraulic structures under complex service environments. Background Technology

[0002] Thanks to favorable conditions such as the leap in computer performance, the reduction in the cost of optical components, and the improvement in manufacturing precision, distributed fiber optic vibration sensing technology has developed rapidly in the past decade or so. In particular, it is being widely applied in fields such as security and surveillance, trajectory tracking, and wave field transmission, achieving full-range, high-dynamic, and wide-frequency domain target monitoring, and achieving analytical effects that traditional monitoring techniques cannot achieve, thus promoting and even leading a new round of technological revolution in these fields.

[0003] Fiber optic sensing technology has also received significant attention and research in the field of structural health monitoring. Technologies such as fiber optic grating gap measurement, distributed fiber optic permeability measurement, and distributed fiber optic settlement measurement have successively achieved experimental verification, engineering applications, and standard adoption. However, it is worth noting that as the monitoring range of fiber optics increases, ensuring the accuracy and effectiveness of measurement information at various points on a spatial scale has become a major challenge for engineers. The solution involves many aspects, including the packaging and deployment of fiber optic sensing elements, optical signal demodulation and calibration, and instrument system packaging and testing. Therefore, when structural health monitoring demands large-scale and high-precision applications, the related research and development work for the successful application of fiber optic sensing technology remains a long and arduous task.

[0004] Distributed fiber optic vibration sensing technology has further enhanced time-scale measurement capabilities, leading to an exponential increase in the amount of monitoring data and placing higher demands on technological research and development. Currently, significant progress has been made in optical signal demodulation, optical sensing element design, optical cable deployment methods, and the development of optical digital signal systems. However, research on optical signal calibration is insufficient when coupling with specific structures. Particularly when the engineering structure is located in a complex environment, there are few readily available guidelines on how environmental characteristics affect the components of the measurement signals, and the effectiveness of distributed fiber optic vibration sensing remains unknown.

[0005] Hydraulic structures such as dams, sluices, and water towers are representative of this type of engineering structure. When fiber optic sensing elements are deployed in the structure, they will be simultaneously affected by wave loads, water environment corrosion, solar radiation, wet and dry changes, vibration excitation, and their own structural properties. The aforementioned factors such as optical signal demodulation methods, optical sensing element design, optical cable deployment methods, and system errors also bring more interference. Conducting precise distributed fiber optic vibration sensing performance tests indoors is a necessary prerequisite for the technology to be applied in practice.

[0006] How to deploy simulations of the service environment conditions of hydraulic structures as much as possible within a limited space is a key issue in improving the economy, feasibility and ease of use of the test. The simulation devices for these environmental conditions should be precisely controllable, have an efficient and reasonable layout, be well-ordered in operation, and be freely and flexibly matched with each other. In order to achieve the above goals and better serve the performance testing of fiber optic vibration sensors, it is urgent to design a highly modular and integrated test platform. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Purpose of the invention: To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention discloses a fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments. Based on the specific characteristics of the hydraulic structure, it can quickly simulate complex service environments and conduct convenient, high-precision, multi-condition distributed fiber optic vibration testing performance evaluation. Based on the performance test results of the testing platform, the performance of fiber optic sensing equipment can be further improved, enhancing the accuracy and reliability of practical engineering applications.

[0008] Technical solution: This invention discloses a test platform for the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex service environments, including a detachable model base module, a complex service environment simulation module, an excitation transmission module, a water circulation module, and a sensing control module. The detachable model base module is disposed within the complex service environment simulation module, the detachable model base module is connected to the excitation transmission module, and the water circulation module is connected to the complex service environment simulation module.

[0009] The detachable model base module is fixedly supported by the test model. The test model is equipped with a hydraulic structure model vibration response fiber optic sensing element. The excitation transmission module applies necessary vibration excitation to the test model. The water circulation module and the complex service environment simulation module provide the test model with preset water environment parameters and air environment parameters.

[0010] The sensing and control module includes air environment parameter sensors and water environment parameter sensors installed in the complex service environment simulation module and the water circulation module, for detecting air environment parameters and water environment parameters in the complex service environment simulation module and the water circulation module; the air environment parameter sensors include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, and ultraviolet intensity sensors, and the water environment parameter sensors include water level sensors and acid ion concentration sensors.

[0011] The sensing and control module also includes a controller and a fiber optic demodulator. The controller is connected to the control terminals of the complex service environment simulation module, the excitation transmission module, and the water circulation module, respectively, and is used for intelligent control based on air environment parameters, water environment parameters, and excitation transmission requirements. The fiber optic demodulator is connected to the fiber optic sensing element of the vibration response of the hydraulic structure model.

[0012] Furthermore, the detachable model base module includes a fixed base, a vibration platform, a waterproof rubber sheet, rolling shafts, and a model casting platform. The fixed base is fixed to the ground, and several rolling shafts are rolled at intervals on its inner surface in a direction perpendicular to the excitation transmission direction. The vibration platform is placed on the rolling shafts, and the two sides of the vibration platform are connected to the fixed base by limiting springs. The vibration platform and the fixed base are sealed by a waterproof rubber sheet. A model casting platform is detachably provided on the surface of the vibration platform, and the test model is cast on the model casting platform. The vibration platform is connected to the excitation transmission module through openings on both sides of the fixed base. The fixed base, vibration platform, and model casting platform are connected to the complex service environment simulation module, so that the test model is located within the complex service environment simulation module.

[0013] Furthermore, the surface of the vibration platform is provided with a pair of cylindrical protrusions, and the model casting platform is provided with grooves that correspond to and match the cylindrical protrusions; the vibration platform and the model casting platform are provided with a number of fixing through holes, and the vibration platform and the model casting platform are detachably connected by fixing through holes and bolts.

[0014] Furthermore, the complex service environment simulation module includes an underwater environment simulation tank connected to a detachable model base module, the underwater environment simulation tank being fixed by several support legs; a water level sensor and an acid ion concentration sensor are installed in the underwater environment simulation tank; the complex service environment simulation module also includes solar radiation environment simulation components, rainfall environment simulation components, and wave impact environment simulation components installed above the underwater environment simulation tank;

[0015] The underwater environment simulation tank is used to simulate the behavior of underwater and air-water transition zone water-related structures. It is connected to the water circulation module to control the water level and acid ion concentration in the water. The solar radiation environment simulation component is used to simulate real solar conditions, including the effects of temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. The rainfall environment simulation component is used to simulate the behavior of hydraulic structures under different intensities of rainfall. The wave impact environment simulation component is used to simulate the impact of waves on hydraulic structures.

[0016] Furthermore, multiple guide rail supports are arranged around the underwater environment simulation tank. Guide rails are arranged on the guide rail supports parallel to the two sides of the underwater environment simulation tank. A composite functional frame is slidably connected between a pair of guide rails. The composite functional frame is connected to a solar radiation environment simulation component and a rainfall environment simulation component through a cross slot of the composite functional frame. The solar radiation environment simulation component includes an incandescent lamp and an ultraviolet lamp. The rainfall environment simulation component includes a rainwater pipe connected to the cross slot of the composite functional frame. The rainwater pipe is connected to the water circulation module through a compressor pump.

[0017] Furthermore, the wave impact environment simulation component includes a top fixed platform that is slidably connected to the guide rail, and a wave-making plate is provided under the top fixed platform. The wave-making plate has a hollow structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The top fixed platform is also connected to the excitation transmission module.

[0018] Furthermore, the excitation transmission module includes a vibrator, a vibrator platform, and a vibration transmission frame. The vibrator platform is placed on the guide rail, the vibrator is set on the vibrator platform, the vibrator is connected to the vibration transmission frame through a vibrating rod, and the vibration transmission frame is connected to the vibration platform through a vibration platform wing plate. When the vibrator is working, the vibrator platform is fixed to the guide rail by a limiting clamp.

[0019] Furthermore, the exciter is also connected to a wave impact environment simulation component via an excitation rod.

[0020] Furthermore, the vibration transmission frame has an irregular structure, including a horizontal vibration transmission component and a vertical vibration transmission component along the guide rail direction. The horizontal vibration transmission component is inserted through one side of the guide rail, and its top end is provided with densely arranged slots. Vibration transmission displacement components are inserted into the slots. The other end of the vibration transmission displacement component is fixedly connected to the end of the excitation rod. The horizontal vibration transmission component is fixedly connected to the vertical vibration transmission component, and both sides of the vertical vibration transmission component are fixedly connected to the vibration platform wing plate.

[0021] Furthermore, the water circulation module includes a purified water tank, an acid-containing ion water tank, and a connecting pipe. The purified water tank and the acid-containing ion water tank are placed side by side on one side of the complex service environment simulation module. The purified water tank is provided with a water inlet, and a polypropylene membrane is provided between it and the acid-containing ion water tank. The purified water tank and the acid-containing ion water tank are respectively led out by the connecting pipe, and after being laid along the underwater environment simulation water tank, they are connected to the complex service environment simulation module.

[0022] Beneficial effects

[0023] 1. This invention, through modular design, balances the diversity and scalability of experimental conditions. The detachable model base module, characterized by precise positioning and rapid disassembly, significantly improves experimental efficiency and supports flexible replacement of different test object models. The complex service environment simulation module and water circulation module achieve comprehensive simulation of the service environment, covering various working conditions such as underwater environment, wave impact, solar radiation, and rainfall intensity. The precise control function of the water circulation module enables precise control of acid ion concentration and water level in the water, providing realistic and dynamic test conditions for the study of fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex environments. In addition, through the precise computer adjustment function of the sensing control module, the platform can dynamically adjust light intensity, rainfall conditions, and water flow parameters to meet the experimental requirements of simultaneous action of complex environmental variables. The excitation transmission module is designed with both high-precision excitation and multi-functional simulation capabilities. Through the combined application of irregularly shaped vibration transmission components and guide rail supports, this module can flexibly simulate actual working conditions under seismic excitation, wave action, or a combination of both. The modular design ensures diverse excitation modes and supports rapid adjustment of the exciter platform position, enabling comprehensive analysis of the vibration response of hydraulic structures under different operating conditions. With its precise testing capabilities, flexible environmental simulation, diverse excitation modes, and efficient model replacement process, this platform provides strong technical support for the study of fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures in complex service environments, demonstrating significant application value and potential for widespread adoption.

[0024] 2. The detachable model base module designed in this invention features a rolling shaft between the fixed base and the vibration platform. This shaft rolls without lateral movement or rotation, reducing friction between the fixed base and the vibration platform and preventing significant displacement of the vibration platform. Limiting springs connect the vibration platform to the fixed base on both sides, buffering the excitation vibration of the platform. The detachable connection between the vibration platform and the model casting platform facilitates easy replacement of the test model on the vibration platform. Replacement only requires removing the model casting platform and the test model from it; a new model casting platform is then used to replace the existing one.

[0025] 3. The cylindrical protrusion designed in this invention serves as a limiting force between the vibration platform and the model casting platform. When the vibration platform and the model casting platform are connected and fixed, the cylindrical protrusion provides the limiting force. After the model casting platform is installed in place, the vibration platform and the model casting platform can be relatively fixed together by bolts.

[0026] 4. This invention incorporates solar radiation environment simulation components, rainfall environment simulation components, and wave impact environment simulation components within an underwater environment simulation tank. This allows for the simulation of solar radiation, rainfall, and wave environments, creating various conditions for testing the vibration response of fiber optic sensing elements on hydraulic structure models. It can simulate comprehensive air and water environment parameters, resulting in more complete testing.

[0027] 5. In order to simulate the realism of the effect, the present invention directly sets the solar radiation environment simulation component, the rainfall environment simulation component, and the wave impact environment simulation component on a guide rail. By sliding left and right on the guide rail, it is possible to adjust the air parameters at multiple angles and positions, adjust the rainfall environment at multiple positions, and simulate the wave environment at multiple positions.

[0028] 6. The exciter designed in this invention can transmit lateral excitation to the vibration platform through a vibration transmission frame. In addition, it can also transmit lateral excitation to the wave impact environment simulation component. By transmitting lateral excitation to the wave-generating plate, wave-generating excitation is achieved. The fiber optic vibration sensing data at this time can be collected and analyzed to study the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under wave impact.

[0029] 7. The horizontal vibration transmission component designed in this invention has multiple slots on its surface, which can facilitate the adjustment of the position of the vibration transmission displacement component, and thus adjust the position of the excitation transmission module and the wave generator, thereby meeting the fiber optic vibration sensing performance under multi-angle and multi-position wave generation and excitation.

[0030] 8. The water circulation module designed in this invention uses a polypropylene membrane between two water tanks. Clean water is injected from the purified water tank and can pass back and forth through the membrane, keeping both water tanks filled with water. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the detachable model base module;

[0033] Figure 3 Detailed structure of the detachable model base module Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 4 Detailed structure of the detachable model base module Figure 2 ;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an underwater environment simulation tank.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of an adjustable height support leg;

[0037] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the excitation transmission module and the complex service environment simulation module;

[0038] Figure 8 A schematic diagram showing the detailed structure of the excitation transmission module;

[0039] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the simulation components for sunlight and rainfall environments and the water cycle module;

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the guide rail structure.

[0041] The components are as follows: 1-Detachable model base module; 101-Fixed base; 102-Vibration platform wing plate; 103-Vibration platform; 104-Elongated cylindrical groove; 105-Rolling shaft; 106-Vibration platform screw hole; 107-Limiting spring; 108-Cylindrical protrusion; 109-Model casting platform screw hole; 110-Model casting platform; 111-Waterproof rubber sheet; 2-Complex service environment simulation module; 201-Underwater environment simulation tank; 202-Incandescent lamp; 203-Rainwater pipe; 204-Top fixed mounting platform; 205-Wavemaker; 206-Waterproof base plate; 207-Glass baffle; 208-Support rod; 209-UV lamp; 210-Crossway of multi-functional frame; 211-Cross-functional frame; 213-Support leg; 214-Hexagonal nut; 215-Threaded adjusting rod; 3-Excitation transmission module; 301-Vibrator; 302-Vibrator platform; 303-Guide rail; 304-Vibration transmission frame ; 305-Guide rail support; 306-Vibration rod; 307-Limiting clamp; 308-Limiting clamp bolt; 309-First connecting rod; 310-Second connecting rod; 311-Strip-shaped insertion hole; 312-Horizontal vibration transmission component; 313-Vertical vibration transmission component; 4-Water circulation module; 401-Clean water tank; 402-Water tank containing acid ions; 403-Connecting pipe; 404-Polypropylene membrane; 405-Water inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0043] This invention discloses a test platform for the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex service environments, including a detachable model base module 1, a complex service environment simulation module 2, an excitation transmission module 3, a water circulation module 4, and a sensing control module. The detachable model base module 1 is used to support the test model and is placed inside the complex service environment simulation module 2. The excitation transmission module 3 applies necessary vibration excitation to the test model. The water circulation module 4 is connected to the complex service environment simulation module 2 to provide water flow and environmental conditions that can be adjusted by the sensing control module.

[0044] In this embodiment, the sensing and control module includes air environment parameter sensors and water environment parameter sensors installed in the complex service environment simulation module 2 and the water circulation module 3, for detecting air environment parameters and water environment parameters within these modules. The air environment parameter sensors include a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, and an ultraviolet (UV) intensity sensor. The water environment parameter sensors include a water level sensor and an acid ion concentration sensor. The water circulation module 4 includes the water level sensor and the acid ion concentration sensor for detecting water level and acid ion concentration. The complex service environment simulation module 2 includes the temperature sensor, humidity sensor, UV intensity sensor, water level sensor, and acid ion concentration sensor for detecting temperature, humidity, UV intensity, water level, and acid ion concentration.

[0045] The sensing and control module also includes a controller and a fiber optic demodulator. The controller is connected to the control terminals of the complex service environment simulation module 2, the excitation transmission module 3, and the water circulation module 4, respectively, and is used to perform intelligent control based on air environment parameters, water environment parameters, and excitation transmission requirements. The fiber optic demodulator is connected to the fiber optic sensing element of the vibration response of the hydraulic structure model.

[0046] See the detachable model base module. Figure 2 The system includes a fixed base 101, a vibration platform 103, limiting springs 107, a waterproof rubber sheet 111, rolling shafts 105, and a model casting platform 110. The fixed base 101 is initially fixed to a solid, flat surface. Several rolling shafts 105 are spaced at intervals on its inner surface, perpendicular to the excitation transmission direction. (The bottom inner surface of the fixed base 101 has elongated cylindrical grooves 104 to embed the rolling shafts 105, preventing lateral movement or rotation during rolling.) The vibration platform 103 rests on the rolling shafts 105. Multiple rolling shafts 105 are spaced vertically between the vibration platform 103 and the fixed base 101 to reduce frictional resistance during forward and backward movement of the vibration platform 103. Limiting springs 107 are inserted between the vibration platform 103 and the fixed base 101 on both sides to prevent the vibration platform 103 from impacting the fixed base 101 and to simultaneously simulate the dynamic characteristics of the structural foundation. In this embodiment, four small holes are opened on the inner front and rear walls of the fixed base 101 and the front and rear walls of the vibration platform 103 to embed the limiting spring 107.

[0047] The vibration platform 103 and the fixed base 101 are sealed with a waterproof rubber sheet 111 to prevent water from entering the base module and affecting the excitation efficiency. A model casting platform 110 is detachably installed on the surface of the vibration platform 103, and the test model is cast on the model casting platform 110. The vibration platform 103 is connected to the excitation transmission module 3 through the opening slots on both sides of the fixed base 101. The fixed base 101, the vibration platform 103, and the model casting platform 110 are connected to the complex service environment simulation module 2, so that the test model is located inside the complex service environment simulation module 2.

[0048] To enable the detachable model casting platform 110 on the surface of the vibration platform 103, several fixing through holes are correspondingly provided on both the vibration platform 103 and the model casting platform 110. The detachable connection between the vibration platform 103 and the model casting platform 110 is achieved through these fixing through holes and bolts. Specifically, several vibration platform screw holes 106 are provided on the surface of the vibration platform 103, and several model casting platform screw holes 109 are provided through the surface of the model casting platform 110. The vibration platform screw holes 106 and the model casting platform screw holes 109 correspond one-to-one. After the model casting platform 110 is placed on the surface of the vibration platform 103, the two are directly fixed together with bolts. To ensure the one-to-one correspondence between the vibration platform screw holes 106 and the model casting platform screw holes 109, a pair of cylindrical protrusions 108 are also provided on the surface of the vibration platform 103, and the model casting platform 110 has corresponding grooves that match the cylindrical protrusions 108. The cylindrical protrusion 108 limits the vibration platform 103 and the model casting platform 110 to be set in a corresponding manner.

[0049] The complex service environment simulation module 2 includes an underwater environment simulation tank 201, a solar radiation environment simulation component, a rainfall environment simulation component, and a wave impact environment simulation component. The underwater environment simulation tank 201 is used to simulate the behavior of underwater and air-water transition zone water-related structures. It is connected to the water circulation module 3 to control the water level and acid ion concentration in the water. The solar radiation environment simulation component is used to simulate real solar conditions, including the effects of heat, dryness, and ultraviolet radiation. The rainfall environment simulation component is used to simulate the behavior of hydraulic structures under different intensities of rainfall. The wave impact environment simulation component is used to simulate the impact of waves on hydraulic structures.

[0050] The underwater environment simulation tank 201 is surrounded by multiple guide rail supports 305. Guide rails 303 are installed on the guide rail supports 305 parallel to the two sides of the underwater environment simulation tank 201. A composite functional frame 211 is slidably connected between a pair of guide rails 303. The composite functional frame 211 is connected to a solar radiation environment simulation component and a rainfall environment simulation component through a composite functional frame transverse groove 210. The solar radiation environment simulation component includes an incandescent lamp 202 and an ultraviolet lamp 208. The rainfall environment simulation component includes a rainwater pipe 203 connected to the transverse groove 210 of the composite functional frame. The rainwater pipe 203 is connected to the water circulation module 4 through a compression pump.

[0051] In this embodiment, the composite function frame 211 is mounted on the guide rail 303 and can slide on the guide rail 303. The composite function frame 211 can be controlled to slide on the guide rail 303 by a first stepper motor (not shown in the figure). The composite function frame 211 can be connected to the first stepper motor through a first lead screw, and the first stepper motor drives the composite function frame 211 to slide on the guide rail 303. The control terminal of the first stepper motor is connected to the controller of the sensor control module.

[0052] In this embodiment, the incandescent lamp 202 and ultraviolet lamp 208 of the solar radiation environment simulation component are directly fixed to the cross groove 210 of the composite functional frame via lamp holders and move with the composite functional frame 211. The rainwater pipe 203 is connected to the connecting pipe 403 and is also connected via a compressor pump (not shown in the figure). The compressor pump, incandescent lamp 202, and ultraviolet lamp 208 are all connected to the controller of the sensor control module, and the operation of the compressor pump, incandescent lamp 202, and ultraviolet lamp 208 is controlled by the controller.

[0053] The wave impact environment simulation component includes a wave-making plate 205 that is slidably connected to the guide rail 303. A top fixed platform 204 is provided on the top of the wave-making plate 205. The wave-making plate 205 has a hollow structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The top fixed platform 204 is also connected to the excitation transmission module 3 for transmission.

[0054] To facilitate the replacement of the test model, the underwater environment simulation tank 201 is designed to be detachable, consisting of a glass baffle 207, a support rod 208, a support foot 213, and a waterproof base plate 206. The glass baffle 207 and the support rod 208 are waterproofly bonded together using epoxy resin adhesive. The middle glass baffle 207 can be disassembled using epoxy adhesive solvent to facilitate the replacement of the model casting platform 110. The waterproof base plate 206 is located on the surface of the fixed base 101, and it is waterproofly bonded to the surface of the fixed base 101 using epoxy resin adhesive, so that the fixed base 101 and the test model on its surface are completely located inside the underwater environment simulation tank 201.

[0055] In addition, to ensure the bottom of the underwater environment simulation tank 201 is level, support feet 213 are installed on the lower surface of the underwater environment simulation tank 201. The support feet 213 consist of a cast iron circular base, a threaded adjusting rod 215, and a hexagonal nut 214. The height of the support feet 213 is adjusted by the threaded adjusting rod 215. When changing the test model, the glass baffle 207 in the middle of the underwater environment simulation tank 201 of the complex service environment simulation module 2 can be removed, and the model casting platform 110 can be disassembled and replaced to increase test efficiency.

[0056] The excitation transmission module 3 includes a vibrator 301, a vibrator platform 302, a guide rail 303, a vibration transmission frame 304, and a guide rail support 305. The guide rail support 305 is arranged in a surrounding shape on the outside of the complex service environment simulation module 2. The two guide rails 303 are respectively fixed to the top of the guide rail support 305. The vibrator platform 302 is placed on the guide rail 303 and fixed to the vibrator 301 by bolts. The excitation force provided by the vibrator 301 is transmitted through the vibration transmission frame 304 to the vibration platform 103 of the detachable model base module 1 and the wave-making plate 205 of the wave impact environment simulation component of the complex service environment simulation module 2. In this embodiment, the vibrator platform 302 spans across the two guide rails 303 and can slide on the guide rails 303. A semi-circular recess is provided in the middle to place the vibrator 301. The back plate of the vibrator 301 is fixed to the vibrator platform 302 with screws.

[0057] The exciter 301 is connected to a vibration transmission frame 304 via an excitation rod 306. The vibration transmission frame 304 is connected to the vibration platform 103 via a vibration platform wing plate 102. When the exciter 301 is working, the exciter platform 302 is fixed to the guide rail 303 by a limiting clamp 307. The limiting clamp 307 is relatively limited and fixed by a limiting clamp bolt 308. In this embodiment, the fixed base 101 has slots on both sides, and the vibration platform 103 extends out of the slots through the vibration platform wing plate 102 and connects to the vibration transmission frame 304 of the excitation transmission module 3.

[0058] The vibrator 301 is also connected to a wave impact environment simulation component via the excitation rod 306. In this embodiment, a strip-shaped insertion hole and a fixing bolt are provided on the top fixed mounting platform 204. A first connecting rod 309 is connected to the end of the excitation rod 306, and a second connecting rod 310 is connected to the end of the first connecting rod 309. The first connecting rod 309 can be inserted into the strip-shaped insertion hole 311, and is fixedly connected to the top fixed mounting platform 204 by a fixing bolt on one side. The second connecting rod 310 extends to the vibration transmission frame 304 via the excitation rod 306 and the first connecting rod 309.

[0059] The vibration transmission frame 304 has an irregular structure, including a horizontal vibration transmission component 312 along the direction of the guide rail 303 and a vertical vibration transmission component 313 perpendicular to the guide rail 303. Both the vertical vibration transmission component 313 and the horizontal vibration transmission component 312 are inserted through one side of the guide rail 303. The top of the horizontal vibration transmission component 312 is provided with densely arranged slots, and one end of the second connecting rod 310 is inserted into the slot. The other end of the second connecting rod 310 is fixedly connected to the end of the excitation rod 306. The second connecting rod 310 allows the exciter platform 302 to change position along the guide rail 303. The horizontal vibration transmission component 312 is fixedly connected to the vertical vibration transmission component 313, and both sides of the vertical vibration transmission component 313 are fixedly connected to the vibration platform wing plate 102.

[0060] The water circulation module 4 includes a purified water tank 401, a water tank containing acid ions 402, and a connecting pipe 403. The purified water tank 401 and the water tank containing acid ions 402 are placed side by side on one side of the complex service environment simulation module 2. The purified water tank 401 is provided with a water inlet 405, and there is a polypropylene membrane 404 between it and the water tank containing acid ions 402, so that only purified water can pass through the connecting port. The purified water tank 401 and the water tank containing acid ions 402 are respectively led out by connecting pipes 403, which are arranged along the underwater environment simulation water tank 201 and connected to the complex service environment simulation module 2.

[0061] In this embodiment, guide rail 303 is designed as a multi-functional guide rail, see [link / reference]. Figure 8 The device has three guide rail paths with an I-shaped cross-section. A vibration transmission frame 304 is fitted onto the upper sliding path of the I-shape. A composite functional frame 211, a wave generator 205, and a vibrator platform 302 are respectively installed on the two sliding paths at the lower end of the I-shape. The wave generator 205 and the vibrator platform 302 are located on the same side of the sliding path, ensuring that the composite functional frame 211, vibration transmission frame 304, wave generator 205, and vibrator platform 302 do not interfere with each other when sliding on the guide rails 303. Protruding structures are provided on the guide rails 303 of the two sliding paths at the lower end of the I-shape to restrict the movement of the vibration transmission frame 304, composite functional frame 211, wave generator 205, and vibrator platform 302 along the guide rails 303.

[0062] Meanwhile, referring to the drive design of the composite functional frame 211, the second lead screw and the second stepper motor are used to drive the wave generator 205 to slide on the guide rail 303. The second stepper motor is connected to the controller, and the controller controls the operation of the second stepper motor.

[0063] The testing process for the testing platform is as follows:

[0064] Step 1: Find a suitable test site with a flat and stable ground. Drill holes in the ground and fix the base 101 through the bottom screw holes. Place the rolling shaft 105 inside the base 101, put in the vibration platform 103 and install the vibration platform wing plate 102. Put in the limiting spring 107 and seal the inside of the base 101 with waterproof rubber cloth 111. Pour the model on the model casting platform 110 to make the model. At the same time, install the vibration response fiber optic sensing element of the hydraulic structure model (not shown in the figure, usually set inside the test model). Move the model casting platform 110 along the top of the vibration platform 103 and connect and fix the model casting platform 110 to the vibration platform 103.

[0065] Step 2: Arrange the underwater environment simulation tank 201 along the installed detachable model base module 1. First, determine the position of the support rod 208, then insert the glass baffle 207 and the water-proof base plate 206. Adjust the position of the support rod 208 and the height of the support foot 213 to ensure that the glass baffle 207, the water-proof base plate 206, and the support rod 208 are in close contact. Use epoxy resin glue for sealing and bonding. Check for water leakage at the bottom of the underwater environment simulation tank 201.

[0066] Step 3: Determine the position of the guide rail support 305 and fix it in place. Install the guide rail 303 and apply machine oil to the surface of the guide rail 303 to ensure smooth movement of various components.

[0067] Step 4: Insert the vertical vibration transmission component 313 and the horizontal vibration transmission component 312 in sequence and fix them together. Fix both sides of the vertical vibration transmission component 313 to the vibration platform wing plate 102. Insert the wave-making plate 205 into the guide rail 303 and continue to insert the exciter platform 302. Install and fix the exciter 301. According to the position of the wave-making plate 205 set in the test, fix the top fixed hanging platform 204 and the first connecting rod 309 at the top of the excitation rod 306. Use the limiting clamp 307 to fix the exciter platform 302 on the guide rail 303.

[0068] Step 5: When the first connecting rod 309 and the second connecting rod 310 are not used to connect the horizontal vibration transmission component 312 and the vertical vibration transmission component 313, the excitation provided by the exciter 301 is not transmitted to the vibration platform 103. At this time, the exciter 301 only performs wave-generating excitation. The fiber optic vibration sensing data at this time is collected and analyzed, and the fiber optic vibration sensing efficiency of the hydraulic structure under wave impact can be studied.

[0069] Step 6: Loosen the fixing bolts between the first connecting rod 309 and the top fixed mounting platform 204, and connect the horizontal vibration transmission component 312 using the second connecting rod 310. At this time, the excitation provided by the exciter 301 can be transmitted to the vibration platform 103, but wave-generating excitation does not occur. Collect and analyze the fiber optic vibration sensing data at this time to study the fiber optic vibration sensing effectiveness of hydraulic structures under seismic loading. Moving the position of the exciter platform 302 can simulate the vibration characteristics of water-retaining structures at different locations and conduct related fiber optic vibration sensing effectiveness tests.

[0070] Step 7: Simultaneously fix the fixing bolts of the top fixed mounting platform 204 and the first connecting rod 309, and the second connecting rod 310 and the horizontal vibration transmission component 312, so that the excitation provided by the exciter 301 can be transmitted to the vibration platform 103 and the wave generator 205 at the same time. This can simulate the combined effect of seismic excitation on the reservoir water-dam body and conduct a research experiment on the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under this working condition.

[0071] Step 8: Based on the real-time sensing of various environmental condition parameters on the model surface by temperature sensor, humidity sensor, and ultraviolet intensity sensor, and according to the built-in environment settings of the computer, issue instructions to adjust the intensity and position of incandescent lamp 202 and ultraviolet lamp 208 through the controller, and conduct research and experiment on the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex lighting conditions.

[0072] Step 9: Based on the real-time sensing of various water condition parameters by the acid ion concentration sensor and water level sensor built into the underwater environment simulation tank 201, and according to the requirements of the computer's built-in environment settings, the controller is issued to adjust the operation of the compressor pump, and a research experiment on the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex water conditions is conducted.

[0073] Step 10: Based on the acid ion concentration sensor built into the rainwater pipe 203, and according to the computer's built-in environment settings, an instruction is issued to adjust the operation of the compressor pump through the controller to conduct a research experiment on the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under different concentrations of acid ion rainfall.

[0074] Step 11: Remove the complex service environment simulation module 2, the excitation transmission module 3, and the glass baffle 207 in the middle of the underwater environment simulation tank 201. Disassemble and replace the model casting platform 110 and the test model. Repeat steps 5 to 10 to achieve the purpose of quickly replacing the test model to test the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex service environments.

[0075] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present invention and implement it accordingly. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent transformations or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test platform for the fiber optic vibration sensing performance of hydraulic structures under complex service environments, characterized in that, It includes a detachable model base module (1), a complex service environment simulation module (2), an excitation transmission module (3), a water circulation module (4), and a sensing and control module. The detachable model base module (1) is located inside the complex service environment simulation module (2). The detachable model base module (1) is connected to the excitation transmission module (3) and the water circulation module (4) is connected to the complex service environment simulation module (2). The test model is fixedly supported on the detachable model base module (1). The test model is equipped with a hydraulic structure model vibration response fiber optic sensing element. The test model is subjected to necessary vibration excitation through the excitation transmission module (3). The water circulation module (4) and the complex service environment simulation module (2) provide the test model with preset water environment parameters and air environment parameters. The sensing and control module includes an air environment parameter sensor and a water environment parameter sensor installed in the complex service environment simulation module (2) and the water circulation module (3) for detecting the air environment parameters and water environment parameters in the complex service environment simulation module (2) and the water circulation module (4); the air environment parameter sensor includes a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor and an ultraviolet intensity sensor, and the water environment parameter sensor includes a water level sensor and an acid ion concentration sensor. The sensing and control module also includes a controller and an optical fiber demodulator. The controller is connected to the control terminals of the complex service environment simulation module (2), the excitation transmission module (3), and the water circulation module (4) respectively, and is used to perform intelligent control according to air environment parameters, water environment parameters and excitation transmission requirements. The optical fiber demodulator is connected to the optical fiber sensing element of the vibration response of the hydraulic structure model.

2. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detachable model base module (1) includes a fixed base (101), a vibration platform (103), a waterproof rubber sheet (111), rolling shafts (105), and a model casting platform (110); the fixed base (101) is fixed to the ground, and several rolling shafts (105) are rolled at intervals on its inner surface in a direction perpendicular to the excitation transmission direction; the vibration platform (103) is placed on the rolling shafts (105), and the two sides of the vibration platform (103) are connected to the fixed base (101) by limiting springs (107); the vibration platform (103) The vibration platform (103) is sealed to the fixed base (101) by a water-proof rubber cloth (111). The surface of the vibration platform (103) is detachably provided with a model casting platform (110), and the test model is cast on the model casting platform (110). The vibration platform (103) is connected to the excitation transmission module through the opening slots on both sides of the fixed base (101). The fixed base (101), the vibration platform (103) and the model casting platform (110) are connected to the complex service environment simulation module, so that the test model is located in the complex service environment simulation module.

3. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The surface of the vibration platform (103) is also provided with a pair of cylindrical protrusions (108), and the model casting platform (110) is provided with grooves that correspond to and match the cylindrical protrusions (108); the vibration platform (103) and the model casting platform (110) are provided with a number of fixed through holes, and the vibration platform (103) and the model casting platform (110) are detachably connected by fixing through holes and bolts.

4. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 2, characterized in that, The complex service environment simulation module (2) includes an underwater environment simulation tank (201) connected to a detachable model base module. The underwater environment simulation tank (201) is fixed by several support legs. A water level sensor and an acid ion concentration sensor are installed in the underwater environment simulation tank (201). The complex service environment simulation module (2) also includes a solar radiation environment simulation component, a rainfall environment simulation component, and a wave impact environment simulation component installed above the underwater environment simulation tank (201). The underwater environment simulation tank (201) is used to simulate the underwater and air-water transition zone water-related structural behavior. It is connected to the water circulation module to control the water level and the concentration of acid ions in the water. The solar radiation environment simulation component is used to simulate real solar conditions, including the effects of temperature, humidity and ultraviolet radiation. The rainfall environment simulation component is used to simulate the behavior of hydraulic structures under different intensities of rainfall. The wave impact environment simulation component is used to simulate the impact of waves on hydraulic structures.

5. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 4, characterized in that, The underwater environment simulation tank (201) is surrounded by multiple guide rail supports (305). Guide rails (303) are provided on the guide rail supports (305) parallel to the two sides of the underwater environment simulation tank (201). A composite functional frame (211) is slidably connected between a pair of guide rails (303). The composite functional frame (211) is connected to a solar radiation environment simulation component and a rainfall environment simulation component through a cross groove (210) of the composite functional frame. The solar radiation environment simulation component includes an incandescent lamp (202) and an ultraviolet lamp (208). The rainfall environment simulation component includes a rainwater pipe (203) connected to the cross groove (210) of the composite functional frame. The rainwater pipe (203) is connected to the water circulation module (4) through a compression pump.

6. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 5, characterized in that, The wave impact environment simulation component includes a wave-making plate (205) slidably connected to the guide rail (303). A top fixed platform (204) is provided on the top of the wave-making plate (205). The wave-making plate (205) has a hollow structure that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom. The top fixed platform (204) is also connected to the excitation transmission module (3) for transmission.

7. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 6, characterized in that, The excitation transmission module (3) includes an exciter (301), an exciter platform (302), and a vibration transmission frame (304). The exciter platform (302) is slidably disposed on the guide rail (303). The exciter (301) is disposed on the exciter platform (302). The exciter (301) is connected to the vibration transmission frame (304) through an excitation rod (306). The vibration transmission frame (304) is connected to the vibration platform (103) through a vibration platform wing plate (102). When the exciter (301) is working, the exciter platform (302) is fixed to the guide rail (303) by a limiting clamp (307).

8. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The exciter (301) is also connected to a wave impact environment simulation component via an exciter rod (306).

9. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The vibration transmission frame (304) is an irregular structure, including a horizontal vibration transmission component (312) along the direction of the guide rail (303) and a vertical vibration transmission component (313) perpendicular to the guide rail (303). Both the vertical vibration transmission component (313) and the horizontal vibration transmission component (312) are inserted through one side of the guide rail (303). The top of the horizontal vibration transmission component (312) is provided with densely arranged slots, and a vibration transmission displacement component (311) is inserted into the slots. The other end of the vibration transmission displacement component (311) is fixedly connected to the end of the excitation rod. The horizontal vibration transmission component (312) is fixedly connected to the vertical vibration transmission component (313), and both sides of the vertical vibration transmission component (313) are fixedly connected to the vibration platform wing plate (102).

10. The fiber optic vibration sensing performance testing platform for hydraulic structures under complex service environments according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water circulation module (4) includes a purified water tank (401), a water tank containing acid radical ions (402), and a connecting pipe (403). The purified water tank (401) and the water tank containing acid radical ions (402) are placed side by side on one side of the complex service environment simulation module (2). The purified water tank (401) is provided with an inlet (405), and a polypropylene membrane (404) is provided between it and the water tank containing acid radical ions (402). The purified water tank (401) and the water tank containing acid radical ions (402) are respectively led out by the connecting pipe (403), and are connected to the complex service environment simulation module (2) after being laid out along the underwater environment simulation water tank (201).

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