Lithium battery module with multi-stage protection structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and discloses a lithium battery module with a multistage protection structure, the lithium battery module comprises a box body, a mounting groove and two mounting cylinders are mounted in the box body, the mounting groove is located between the two mounting cylinders, a battery pack is mounted in the mounting groove, and a waterproof cover is mounted at the top of the box body through a hinge; the fire extinguishing device is used for extinguishing flames when the battery pack is on fire; the self-locking device is used for self-locking the waterproof cover when the battery pack is on fire; and the power-off device is used for disconnecting electric connection when the battery pack is on fire. Through the arrangement of the fire extinguishing device, when the battery pack in the box body is on fire, the two groups of fire extinguishing units can be quickly started, a fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the battery pack, and a fire source is quickly covered, so that the first-time fire extinguishing effect is achieved, and the situation that when the battery pack in the battery car is on fire, the fire is quickly spread due to the fact that the fire cannot be found and taken in the first time is avoided; therefore, a larger fire hazard is caused.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, and in particular to a lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure. Background Art

[0002] A lithium battery module is a combination of cells that are connected in series and parallel to form a power source through conductive connectors, fixed in the designed position through process and structure, and work together to perform the functions of charging, discharging and storing electric energy. The lithium battery module is an adjustable module with high combination flexibility. The voltage and capacity can be adjusted according to demand. Through the synergy of the battery management system and the thermal management system, the lithium battery module has higher safety and stability. The lithium battery module has a long lifespan in cyclic use and a high residual capacity retention rate. Lithium battery modules are used in multiple fields, among which electric vehicles are widely used in lithium battery modules.

[0003] Chinese patent CN110783510B discloses "a soft-pack lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure", including a battery module, a laminated busbar, a cover plate, a top cover, a side plate, and a pressure plate. The battery module is composed of soft-pack cells. Laminated busbars are arranged at both ends of the battery module. The laminated busbars are composed of an insulating plate and a busbar. The soft-pack cells are welded to the busbar. A cover plate is arranged at the upper end of the battery module. The upper side of the cover plate is provided with transverse reinforcing ribs and vertical reinforcing ribs. A top cover is arranged on the outer side of the laminated busbar. A through hole and a fixing plate are arranged in the top cover. Side plates are arranged on the left and right sides of the battery module. The side plates are connected to the top cover by bolts and fixing holes. Pressure plates are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the battery module. The pressure plate and the side plates are welded by laser. Under the action of the fixing device, the battery module has a good protective effect. The patent has the advantages of reasonable structure, high grouping efficiency, good thermal conductivity and low cost.

[0004] However, the prior art has the following problems:

[0005] After the lithium battery module is installed in the electric vehicle, the lithium battery module in the electric vehicle may spontaneously combust due to factors such as battery aging, irregular charging and discharging, excessive external temperature, and damage to the lithium battery module. Since the energy density inside the lithium battery module is relatively high, the fire spreads quickly when the lithium battery module spontaneously combusts. Before people can put out the fire, the fire will spread to the electric vehicle and surrounding flammable materials, causing great economic losses and safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure in order to solve the above problems and overcome the defects of the prior art, as described in detail below.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] The present invention provides a lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure, comprising:

[0009] A box body, wherein a mounting groove and two mounting tubes are installed inside the box body, wherein the mounting groove is located between the two mounting tubes, a battery pack is installed in the mounting groove, and a waterproof cover is installed on the top of the box body through a hinge;

[0010] Fire extinguishing device, used to extinguish the flames in the event of a battery fire;

[0011] A self-locking device for self-locking the waterproof cover in case of fire in the battery pack;

[0012] A disconnect device to disconnect the electrical connection in the event of a battery pack fire;

[0013] The fire extinguishing device comprises two groups of fire extinguishing units, the two fire extinguishing units are respectively installed in two installation tubes, a nozzle is arranged on the top of the fire extinguishing unit, a pressure rod is arranged on the nozzle of the fire extinguishing unit, and a connecting ring is slidably connected to the pressure rod.

[0014] Preferably, two elastic sliders are slidably installed on the front and rear inner walls of the box body, respectively, and the four elastic sliders are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the two groups of fire extinguishing units, a spring is arranged between the elastic slider and the inner wall of the box body, a pull rod is connected to the side of the elastic slider away from the spring, and a first slider is connected to the end of the pull rod away from the elastic slider, the four first sliders are respectively slidably connected to the front and rear inner walls of the box body, a fastener is connected to the side of the first slider away from the pull rod, a buckle is buckled on the fastener, a fuse is connected between the two buckles located on the inner wall of the same side of the box body, a light rod is connected between the two elastic sliders located on the front and rear sides of the same fire extinguishing unit, and the outer walls of the two light rods are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting rings, respectively.

[0015] Preferably, a fireproof pad is installed at the bottom of the box body, a plurality of flame-retardant cottons are connected to the four outer walls of the box body, and the top surface of the box body and the bottom surface of the waterproof cover are respectively connected to rubber rings.

[0016] Preferably, a wiring module is installed on the battery pack, a plurality of interfaces are installed on the wiring module, connectors are plugged into the interfaces, and wires are arranged on the connectors.

[0017] Preferably, the self-locking device includes a second slider, which is slidably mounted on the front inner wall of the box body, with connecting rods hinged at both ends of the second slider, and the ends of the two connecting rods away from the second slider are respectively hinged to the two first sliders located in the front, two rotating rods are rotatably mounted on the second slider, and buckle rods are connected to the two rotating rods, two inclined slot frames are installed on the front inner wall of the box body, and a locking hook is connected to the bottom surface of the waterproof cover.

[0018] Preferably, the two inclined slot frames are respectively located on both sides of the second sliding block, the inclined slot frames are provided with inclined slots, the outer wall of the buckle rod is slidably connected to the inclined slots of the two inclined slot frames, and the buckle rod contacts the locking hook during movement.

[0019] Preferably, a lock buckle is rotatably installed on the front side of the waterproof cover, a lock ring is installed on the front side of the box body, the lock buckle is buckled with the lock ring, and a one-way exhaust valve is installed on the top of the waterproof cover.

[0020] Preferably, a sealing plate is connected to the bottom of the second sliding block, the sealing plate is slidably connected to the front inner wall of the box body, a sliding shaft is connected to the front side of the sealing plate, a long groove is provided on the front side of the box body, the sliding shaft is slidably connected to the long groove of the box body, and a paddle is connected to the end of the sliding shaft away from the sealing plate, and the paddle is located outside the box body.

[0021] Preferably, the power-off device includes a square groove gasket, which is placed above the wiring module. A plurality of square grooves are provided on the square groove gasket. The plurality of square grooves of the square groove gasket are respectively sleeved on a plurality of interfaces. The bottom surfaces of the plurality of joints are in contact with the top surface of the square groove gasket. The front and rear sides of the square groove gasket are respectively connected with pry shafts. Two fulcrum frames are installed on the top surface of the wiring module, and a pry rod is rotatably installed on the fulcrum frame.

[0022] Preferably, the two pry bars are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the square groove gasket, one end of the pry bar is set to be L-shaped, and the other end of the pry bar is set to be fork-shaped, the L-shaped ends of the two pry bars are in contact with the light rod on the right, and the fork-shaped ends of the two pry bars are in contact with the two pry shafts respectively.

[0023] The beneficial effects are:

[0024] 1. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure is provided with a fire extinguishing device, so that when the battery pack in the box is on fire, the two groups of fire extinguishing units can be quickly started to spray the fire extinguishing agent on the battery pack, quickly cover the fire source, and achieve the effect of extinguishing the fire in the first time, so as to avoid the fire spreading rapidly due to failure to find and take measures in the first time when the battery pack in the battery car is on fire, thereby causing a larger fire; through the provision of a waterproof cover, the waterproof cover can play a waterproof role, and can also play a sealing role to reduce the speed of fire spread; through the provision of a fireproof pad and a plurality of flame-retardant cottons, the fireproof pad and the plurality of flame-retardant cottons can cooperate to play a certain vibration reduction and protection role on the box, and can also play a certain fire isolation role to reduce the speed of fire spread.

[0025] 2. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure is provided with a self-locking device, so that the buckle rod cooperates with the lock hook. When a fire occurs in the box, the buckle rod can be buckled on the lock hook to lock the waterproof cover, thereby isolating the oxygen outside the box, so that the fire source in the box is quickly extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and the extinguished fire source is prevented from reigniting after contacting with oxygen; through the provision of a paddle, the user can open the waterproof cover from the outside through the paddle, thereby improving convenience.

[0026] 3. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure is provided with a power-off device, so that after the battery pack catches fire, the square groove gasket can be pulled out of multiple connectors by moving upward, thereby cutting off the power supply, preventing the battery pack from spreading the fire through the wires after the fire, and also avoiding the occurrence of electric shock accidents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire extinguishing device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fire extinguishing unit of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuse piece of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the self-locking device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the lock hook structure of the present invention;

[0036] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the plectrum of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power-off device of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the square groove gasket structure of the present invention.

[0039] The reference numerals are as follows: 1. box body; 11. mounting groove; 12. mounting tube; 2. waterproof cover; 21. one-way exhaust valve; 22. rubber ring; 3. battery pack; 31. wiring module; 32. connector; 33. interface; 4. fire extinguishing device; 41. fire extinguishing unit; 42. pressure rod; 43. connecting ring; 44. bare rod; 45. elastic slider; 46. pull rod; 47. first slider; 48. fastener; 49. buckle ring; 410. fuse; 5. self-locking device; 51. second slider; 52. rotating rod; 53. buckle rod; 54. inclined slot frame; 55. connecting rod; 56. locking hook; 57. sealing plate; 58. sliding shaft; 59. paddle; 510. lock buckle; 511. locking ring; 6. power-off device; 61. square groove gasket; 62. fulcrum frame; 63. pry bar; 64. pry shaft; 7. fireproof pad; 8. flame-retardant cotton. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other implementation methods obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] First embodiment

[0042] See also Figure 1 - Figure 6A lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure comprises: a box body 1, a mounting groove 11 and two mounting tubes 12 are installed inside the box body 1, the mounting groove 11 is located between the two mounting tubes 12, a battery pack 3 is installed in the mounting groove 11, a waterproof cover 2 is installed on the top of the box body 1 through a hinge, a fireproof pad 7 is installed on the bottom of the box body 1, and a plurality of flame-retardant cottons 8 are connected to the four side outer walls of the box body 1. The box body 1 can be installed in a battery car, and the fireproof pad 7 and the plurality of flame-retardant cottons 8 can isolate the bottom and surroundings of the box body 1 from the battery car, and can also play a certain vibration reduction role. When the battery car is bumpy, the vibration of the box body 1 can be reduced. The fireproof pad 7 and the flame-retardant cotton 8 can play a certain fire isolation role and reduce the speed of fire spread. , to buy time for fire extinguishing and reduce fire losses; the top surface of the box body 1 and the bottom surface of the waterproof cover 2 are respectively connected with rubber rings 22, and the waterproof cover 2 can prevent water from entering the top of the box body 1 when used in rainy days, causing water to enter the battery pack 3 and cause malfunction. When the waterproof cover 2 is closed, the two rubber rings 22 fit together, and a plurality of wire grooves are provided between the two rubber rings 22. A wiring module 31 is installed on the battery pack 3, and a plurality of interfaces 33 are installed on the wiring module 31. The interface 33 is plugged with a connector 32, and a wire is provided on the connector 32. After the plurality of connectors 32 are connected to the plurality of interfaces 33 on the wiring module 31, the wires are led out along the wire groove between the two rubber rings 22 and connected to the corresponding equipment of the battery vehicle; the fire extinguishing device 4 is used to extinguish the flame when the battery pack 3 catches fire;The fire extinguishing device 4 includes two groups of fire extinguishing units 41, which are similar to miniature fire extinguishers. The two groups of fire extinguishing units 41 are respectively installed in two installation tubes 12. A nozzle is arranged on the top of the fire extinguishing unit 41. A pressure rod 42 is arranged on the nozzle of the fire extinguishing unit 41. The pressure rod 42 is a switch of the nozzle of the fire extinguishing unit 41. A connecting ring 43 is slidably connected to the pressure rod 42. Two elastic sliders 45 are slidably installed on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the box body 1. The four elastic sliders 45 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41. A spring is arranged between the elastic slider 45 and the inner wall of the box body 1. The side of the elastic slider 45 away from the spring is connected There is a pull rod 46, and the end of the pull rod 46 away from the elastic slider 45 is connected to the first slider 47. The four first sliders 47 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the box body 1. The side of the first slider 47 away from the pull rod 46 is connected to a fastener 48, and a buckle 49 is buckled on the fastener 48. A fuse 410 is connected between the two buckles 49 on the inner wall of the same side of the box body 1. The fuse 410 will quickly melt and break under high temperature. A light rod 44 is connected between the two elastic sliders 45 on the front and rear sides of the same fire extinguishing unit 41. The outer walls of the two light rods 44 are respectively slidably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting rings 43. When the two fuses are After 410 breaks, the four first sliders 47 lose the pulling force on the four elastic sliders 45, so that the four elastic sliders 45 rebound respectively by the elastic force of the springs, and the four elastic sliders 45 respectively drive the two light rods 44 to move away from each other. When the light rods 44 move, they push the pressure rods 42 through the connecting rings 43. After the two pressure rods 42 are pushed, the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41 are activated to spray the fire extinguishing agent on the battery pack 3, and at the same time, the box body 1 is filled with the fire extinguishing agent, so as to achieve the effect of quickly extinguishing the fire source in the box body 1; through the setting of the fire extinguishing device 4, when the battery pack 3 in the box body 1 catches fire, the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41 can be quickly activated The fire extinguishing agent is sprayed on the battery pack 3 to quickly cover the fire source, so as to achieve the effect of extinguishing the fire in the first time, and to avoid the fire spreading rapidly due to failure to find and take measures in the first time when the battery pack 3 in the battery car catches fire, thereby causing a larger fire; the waterproof cover 2 is set to make the waterproof cover 2 waterproof and seal to reduce the speed of fire spread; the fireproof pad 7 and multiple flame retardant cottons 8 are set to make the fireproof pad 7 and multiple flame retardant cottons 8 play a certain role in vibration reduction and protection on the box body 1 through cooperation, and can also play a certain role in fire isolation to reduce the speed of fire spread. ;

[0043] For further information, see Figure 7 - Fig. 9, a self-locking device 5 is used to self-lock the waterproof cover 2 when the battery pack 3 catches fire. The self-locking device 5 includes a second slider 51, which is slidably mounted on the front inner wall of the box body 1. Connecting rods 55 are hinged at both ends of the second slider 51. One end of the two connecting rods 55 away from the second slider 51 is hinged to the two first sliders 47 located in the front. Two rotating rods 52 are rotatably mounted on the second slider 51. The two rotating rods 52 are connected to buckle rods 53. Two inclined slot frames 54 are installed on the front inner wall of the box body 1. A locking hook 56 is connected to the bottom surface of the waterproof cover 2. The two inclined slot frames 54 are respectively located on both sides of the second slider 51. The inclined slot frames 54 are provided with inclined slide grooves. The outer wall of the buckle rod 53 is connected to the second slider 51. The two inclined slot frames 54 are slidably connected by the inclined slots, the two first sliders 47 drive the second slider 51 to slide downward through the two connecting rods 55, the second slider 51 drives the buckle rod 53 to move downward through the two rotating rods 52, the buckle rod 53 slides obliquely downward along the inclined slots of the two inclined slot frames 54, the buckle rod 53 contacts the lock hook 56 during the movement, the buckle rod 53 contacts the bottom of the lock hook 56 during the movement to buckle the waterproof cover 2 from the inside of the box body 1, and the two rubber rings 22 are compressed to achieve a better sealing effect, thereby isolating the oxygen in the box body 1, speeding up the fire extinguishing progress, and preventing the outside oxygen from entering the box body 1 and causing re-ignition after the fire source is extinguished; the front side of the waterproof cover 2 is rotatably installed with a lock buckle 510, a locking ring 511 is installed on the front side of the box body 1, and the lock buckle 510 is buckled with the locking ring 511. The waterproof cover 2 can be buckled on the locking ring 511 through the lock buckle 510 to achieve a locking effect, thereby preventing the waterproof cover 2 from being shaken during use. When a fire occurs inside the box body 1, the waterproof cover 2 can also be covered to isolate oxygen and promote fire extinguishing efficiency. A one-way exhaust valve 21 is installed on the top of the waterproof cover 2. The one-way exhaust valve 21 can only exhaust air but not intake air, so that the gas with high pressure in the box body 1 is discharged, thereby preventing the waterproof cover 2 from being opened due to excessive pressure inside the box body 1, and at the same time preventing oxygen from flowing back into the box body 1; the bottom of the second slider 51 is connected to a sealing plate 57, and the sealing plate 57 The front side of the sealing plate 57 is connected to the inner wall of the front side of the box body 1 in a sliding manner. The front side of the box body 1 is provided with a long groove. The sliding shaft 58 is connected to the long groove of the box body 1 in a sliding manner. The end of the sliding shaft 58 away from the sealing plate 57 is connected to a paddle 59. The paddle 59 is located outside the box body 1. The paddle 59 is pushed upward to drive the sealing plate 57 to move upward through the sliding shaft 58. The sealing plate 57 drives the second slider 51 to move upward, so that the buckle rod 53 is separated from the lock hook 56. At this time, the waterproof cover 2 can be opened to perform subsequent processing on the inside of the box body 1. The sealing plate 57 always covers the long groove of the box body 1 during the movement to prevent the long groove from being connected to the internal space of the box body 1 to cause air leakage.By setting the self-locking device 5, the buckle rod 53 cooperates with the lock hook 56. When a fire occurs in the box 1, the buckle rod 53 can be buckled on the lock hook 56 to lock the waterproof cover 2, thereby isolating the oxygen outside the box 1, so that the fire source in the box 1 is quickly extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and the fire source after being extinguished is prevented from re-igniting after contacting oxygen; the setting of the paddle 59 allows the user to open the waterproof cover 2 from the outside through the paddle 59, which improves convenience. ;

[0044] Further, see Fig.10 - Fig.11 , the power-off device 6 is used to disconnect the electrical connection when the battery pack 3 catches fire. The power-off device 6 includes a square groove gasket 61, which is placed above the wiring module 31. A plurality of square grooves are provided on the square groove gasket 61. The plurality of square grooves of the square groove gasket 61 are respectively sleeved on the plurality of interfaces 33. The bottom surfaces of the plurality of connectors 32 are in contact with the top surface of the square groove gasket 61. The square groove gasket 61 is located between the plurality of connectors 32 and the plurality of interfaces 33. The plurality of square grooves on the square groove gasket 61 are sleeved on the plurality of interfaces 33. After the plurality of interfaces 33 are connected with the plurality of connectors 32, the plurality of connectors 32 are against the plurality of square grooves. The front and rear sides of the square groove gasket 61 are respectively connected with pry shafts 64. Two fulcrum frames 62 are installed on the top surface of the wiring module 31. A pry bar 63 is rotatably installed on the fulcrum frame 62. The two pry bars 63 are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the square groove gasket 61. One end of the pry bar 63 is set to be L-shaped, and the other end of the pry bar 63 is set to be The two pry bars 63 are arranged in a fork shape, and the L-shaped ends of the two pry bars 63 are in contact with the right light rod 44, and the forked ends of the two pry bars 63 are in contact with the two pry shafts 64 respectively. The right light rod 44 pushes the L-shaped ends of the two pry bars 63 to the lower right, so that the two pry bars 63 use the lever principle to pry the two pry shafts 64 upward through the forked ends respectively, and the two pry shafts 64 drive the square groove gasket 61 to move upward. After the square groove gasket 61 moves upward, the square groove gasket 61 applies an upward thrust to the multiple connectors 32, so that the multiple connectors 32 move upward and then break away from the contact with the multiple interfaces 33, thereby achieving the effect of power off, so that the battery pack 3 loses the connection with the external device; through the setting of the power off device 6, after the battery pack 3 catches fire, the square groove gasket 61 can pull out the multiple connectors 32 by moving upward, thereby cutting off the power supply, preventing the battery pack 3 from spreading the fire through the wires after the fire, and also avoiding the occurrence of electric shock accidents.

[0045] In this embodiment, the battery pack 3 is installed in the installation groove 11, which can improve the stability of the battery pack 3. The two installation tubes 12 can maintain the stability of the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41. The box 1 can be installed in the battery car. The fireproof pad 7 and multiple flame retardant cottons 8 can isolate the bottom and surroundings of the box 1 from the battery car, and at the same time can also have a certain vibration reduction effect. When the battery car is bumpy, the vibration of the box 1 can be reduced. When the battery car collides, the flame retardant cotton 8 and the fireproof pad 7 can also play a protective role. When a fire occurs in the external space of the box 1 or a fire occurs inside the box 1, the fireproof pad 7 and the flame retardant cotton 8 can play a certain fire isolation role, reduce the speed of fire spread, buy time for fire extinguishing, and reduce fire losses; the waterproof cover 2 can avoid When used on rainy days, water enters the top of the box body 1, causing water to enter the battery pack 3 and cause a malfunction. When the waterproof cover 2 is closed, the two rubber rings 22 fit together, and a plurality of wire grooves are provided between the two rubber rings 22. The waterproof cover 2 can be opened to facilitate replacement and maintenance of the battery pack 3. After the plurality of connectors 32 are connected to the plurality of interfaces 33 on the wiring module 31, the wires are led out along the wire grooves between the two rubber rings 22 and then connected to the corresponding equipment of the battery vehicle; when the battery pack 3 catches fire, the temperature in the box body 1 rises rapidly, and the fuse 410 will quickly melt and break at high temperature. Under normal conditions, the fuse 410 applies tension to the two first sliders 47 through the two buckles 49 and the two fasteners 48, and the four first sliders 47 respectively exert tension on the four elastic sliders 4 through the four pull rods 46. 5 applies a pulling force, and the spring of the elastic slider 45 also applies a pulling force to the elastic slider 45. The pulling force of the spring is smaller than the pulling force generated by the fuse 410. When the two fuses 410 are broken, the four first sliders 47 lose the pulling force on the four elastic sliders 45, so that the four elastic sliders 45 rebound respectively by the elastic force of the springs. The four elastic sliders 45 respectively drive the two light rods 44 to move away from each other. When the light rod 44 moves, it pushes the pressure rod 42 through the connecting ring 43. The pressure rod 42 is the switch of the nozzle of the fire extinguishing unit 41. After the two pressure rods 42 are pushed, the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41 are started to spray the fire extinguishing agent on the battery pack 3, and at the same time, the box 1 is filled with the fire extinguishing agent, so as to achieve the effect of quickly extinguishing the fire source in the box 1. The arrangement of device 4 enables the two groups of fire extinguishing units 41 to start quickly when the battery pack 3 in the box body 1 catches fire, spray the fire extinguishing agent on the battery pack 3, quickly cover the fire source, and achieve the effect of extinguishing the fire in the first time, so as to avoid the fire from spreading rapidly due to failure to discover and take measures in the first time when the battery pack 3 in the electric vehicle catches fire, thereby causing a larger fire; through the arrangement of the waterproof cover 2, the waterproof cover 2 can play a waterproof role and a sealing role, thereby reducing the speed of fire spread; through the arrangement of the fireproof pad 7 and the multiple flame-retardant cottons 8, the fireproof pad 7 and the multiple flame-retardant cottons 8 can cooperate to play a certain vibration reduction and protection role on the box body 1, and can also play a certain fire isolation role, thereby reducing the speed of fire spread.

[0046] Second embodiment

[0047] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the waterproof cover 2 can be buckled on the lock ring 511 through the lock buckle 510 to achieve a locking effect, thereby preventing the waterproof cover 2 from being shaken during use. When a fire occurs inside the box body 1, the waterproof cover 2 can also isolate oxygen and promote the efficiency of fire extinguishing. However, in actual use, some users may forget to buckle the lock buckle 510. At the same time, there is also a situation where the lock buckle 510 or the lock ring 511 is damaged. After a fire occurs inside the box body 1, when the two first sliders 47 located below the second slider 51 move away from each other, the two first sliders 47 drive the second slider 51 to slide downward through the two connecting rods 55, and the second slider 51 drives the buckle rod 53 to move downward through the two rotating rods 52. The buckle rod 53 moves along the two rotating rods 52. The inclined slot of the inclined slot frame 54 slides obliquely downward, and the buckle rod 53 contacts the bottom of the lock hook 56 during the movement and pushes the lock hook 56 downward for a certain distance, so that the two rubber rings 22 between the waterproof cover 2 and the box body 1 are pressed tightly. At this time, the buckle rod 53 buckles the waterproof cover 2 from the inside of the box body 1 through the lock hook 56. After the two rubber rings 22 are pressed tightly, a better sealing effect is achieved, thereby isolating the oxygen in the box body 1 and accelerating the fire extinguishing progress. After the fire source is extinguished, it is prevented that the outside oxygen enters the box body 1 to cause the fire to re-ignite. The one-way exhaust valve 21 on the waterproof cover 2 can only exhaust but not intake air, so that the gas with higher pressure in the box body 1 is discharged, so as to prevent the waterproof cover 2 from being opened due to excessive pressure inside the box body 1. At the same time, it can also prevent oxygen from flowing back into the box body 1, and the fire in the box body 1 After the fire source is extinguished, since the battery pack 3 still has a certain temperature, in the absence of a self-locking device 5, the pressure in the box body 1 will increase and lift up the waterproof cover 2, so that the external air will directly contact the fire source. Even if the fire source is temporarily extinguished, there is still a possibility of re-ignition after the fire extinguishing agent is exhausted. The setting of the buckle rod 53 and the lock hook 56 can prevent the fire source from re-igniting due to contact with oxygen. Regardless of whether the lock buckle 510 and the lock ring 511 are buckled, a self-locking effect can be achieved; when it is confirmed that it is safe, the paddle 59 is pushed upward, so that the paddle 59 drives the sealing plate 57 to move upward through the sliding shaft 58, and the sealing plate 57 drives the second slider 51 to move upward, so that the second slider 51 drives the buckle rod through the two rotating rods 52 53 moves upward, so that the buckle rod 53 is disengaged from the locking hook 56. At this time, the waterproof cover 2 can be opened and the interior of the box body 1 can be subsequently processed. The sealing plate 57 always covers the long groove of the box body 1 during the movement to prevent the long groove from being connected to the internal space of the box body 1 and causing air leakage. Through the setting of the self-locking device 5, the buckle rod 53 cooperates with the locking hook 56. When a fire occurs in the box body 1, the buckle rod 53 can be buckled on the locking hook 56 to lock the waterproof cover 2, thereby isolating the oxygen outside the box body 1, so that the fire source in the box body 1 is quickly extinguished due to lack of oxygen, and the fire source after being extinguished is prevented from reigniting after contacting with oxygen. Through the setting of the paddle 59, the user can open the waterproof cover 2 from the outside through the paddle 59, thereby improving convenience.

[0048] In this embodiment, when the two light rods 44 move away from each other, the right light rod 44 pushes one L-shaped end of the two pry bars 63 to the lower right, so that the two pry bars 63 swing around the fulcrum frame 62 as the center of the circle. The two pry bars 63 use the lever principle to pry the two pry shafts 64 upward through the fork-shaped ends respectively, and the two pry shafts 64 drive the square groove gasket 61 to move upward. In normal state, the square groove gasket 61 is located between the multiple joints 32 and the multiple interfaces 33. The multiple square grooves on the square groove gasket 61 are sleeved on the multiple interfaces 33. The multiple interfaces 33 are connected to the multiple joints 32. After connection, the multiple connectors 32 are against the multiple square grooves. After the square groove gasket 61 moves upward, the square groove gasket 61 applies an upward thrust to the multiple connectors 32, so that the multiple connectors 32 move upward and disengage from the multiple interfaces 33, thereby achieving a power-off effect and causing the battery pack 3 to lose connection with external devices. Through the setting of the power-off device 6, after the battery pack 3 catches fire, the square groove gasket 61 can pull out the multiple connectors 32 by moving upward, thereby cutting off the power supply, preventing the fire in the battery pack 3 from spreading through the wires after the fire, and also preventing electric shock accidents.

[0049] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure, characterized in that: include: A box body (1), wherein a mounting groove (11) and two mounting tubes (12) are installed inside the box body (1), the mounting groove (11) is located between the two mounting tubes (12), a battery pack (3) is installed in the mounting groove (11), and a waterproof cover (2) is installed on the top of the box body (1) via a hinge; A fire extinguishing device (4) for extinguishing the flame when the battery pack (3) catches fire; A self-locking device (5) for self-locking the waterproof cover (2) when the battery pack (3) catches fire; A power disconnect device (6) for disconnecting the electrical connection when the battery pack (3) catches fire; The fire extinguishing device (4) comprises two groups of fire extinguishing units (41), the two fire extinguishing units (41) are respectively installed in two installation tubes (12), a nozzle is arranged on the top of the fire extinguishing unit (41), a pressure rod (42) is arranged on the nozzle of the fire extinguishing unit (41), and a connecting ring (43) is slidably connected to the pressure rod (42).

2. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two elastic sliders (45) are slidably mounted on the inner walls of the front and rear sides of the box body (1), respectively. The four elastic sliders (45) are respectively located on the front and rear sides of the two groups of fire extinguishing units (41). A spring is arranged between the elastic slider (45) and the inner wall of the box body (1). A pull rod (46) is connected to the side of the elastic slider (45) away from the spring. The end of the pull rod (46) away from the elastic slider (45) is connected to a first slider (47). The four first sliders (47) are respectively connected to the inner walls of the box body (1). The inner walls on the front and rear sides are slidably connected, a fastener (48) is connected to the side of the first slider (47) away from the pull rod (46), a buckle (49) is buckled on the buckle (48), a fuse (410) is connected between the two buckles (49) located on the inner wall of the same side of the box body (1), a light rod (44) is connected between the two elastic sliders (45) located on the front and rear sides of the same fire extinguishing unit (41), and the outer walls of the two light rods (44) are slidably connected to the inner walls of the two connecting rings (43) respectively.

3. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fireproof pad (7) is installed at the bottom of the box body (1), a plurality of flame-retardant cottons (8) are connected to the four outer walls of the box body (1), and a rubber ring (22) is connected to the top surface of the box body (1) and the bottom surface of the waterproof cover (2) respectively.

4. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The battery pack (3) is equipped with a wiring module (31), a plurality of interfaces (33) are equipped on the wiring module (31), a connector (32) is plugged into the interface (33), and a wire is arranged on the connector (32).

5. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking device (5) comprises a second slider (51), the second slider (51) is slidably mounted on the front inner wall of the box body (1), the two ends of the second slider (51) are respectively hinged with connecting rods (55), the ends of the two connecting rods (55) away from the second slider (51) are respectively hinged with two first sliders (47) located in the front, the second slider (51) is rotatably mounted with two rotating rods (52), the two rotating rods (52) are connected with buckle rods (53), the front inner wall of the box body (1) is mounted with two inclined slot frames (54), and the bottom surface of the waterproof cover (2) is connected with a locking hook (56).

6. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two inclined slot frames (54) are respectively located on both sides of the second sliding block (51), and the inclined slot frames (54) are provided with inclined slots. The outer wall of the buckle rod (53) is slidably connected with the inclined slots of the two inclined slot frames (54), and the buckle rod (53) contacts the locking hook (56) during the movement.

7. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A lock buckle (510) is rotatably mounted on the front side of the waterproof cover (2), a lock ring (511) is mounted on the front side of the box body (1), the lock buckle (510) is buckled with the lock ring (511), and a one-way exhaust valve (21) is mounted on the top of the waterproof cover (2).

8. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the second sliding block (51) is connected to a sealing plate (57), the sealing plate (57) is slidably connected to the front inner wall of the box body (1), the front side of the sealing plate (57) is connected to a sliding shaft (58), the front side of the box body (1) is provided with a long groove, the sliding shaft (58) is slidably connected to the long groove of the box body (1), and the end of the sliding shaft (58) away from the sealing plate (57) is connected to a paddle (59), and the paddle (59) is located outside the box body (1).

9. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The power-off device (6) comprises a square groove gasket (61), the square groove gasket (61) is placed above the wiring module (31), a plurality of square grooves are formed on the square groove gasket (61), the plurality of square grooves of the square groove gasket (61) are respectively sleeved on a plurality of interfaces (33), the bottom surfaces of the plurality of connectors (32) are in contact with the top surface of the square groove gasket (61), the front and rear sides of the square groove gasket (61) are respectively connected with pry shafts (64), the top surface of the wiring module (31) is equipped with two fulcrum frames (62), and a pry rod (63) is rotatably mounted on the fulcrum frame (62).

10. The lithium battery module with a multi-level protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The two pry bars (63) are respectively located at the front and rear sides of the square groove gasket (61); one end of the pry bar (63) is arranged in an L shape, and the other end of the pry bar (63) is arranged in a fork shape; the L-shaped ends of the two pry bars (63) are in contact with the right light rod (44), and the fork-shaped ends of the two pry bars (63) are in contact with the two pry shafts (64) respectively.

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