Rotor, motor and vehicle
By designing the end plate assembly with a fluid guide in the motor rotor, efficient cooling of the motor rotor is achieved, the stability and reliability problems caused by high temperature during high speed operation are solved, and the cost is reduced.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202311415918.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-10-27
- Publication Date
- 2025-04-29
AI Technical Summary
The motor generates high temperatures when running at high speed, resulting in component failures and failures, affecting the stability and reliability of the motor, and using magnets with higher temperature resistance levels will increase costs.
A rotor is designed, including a rotor shaft, a rotor body and an end plate assembly, which has a fluid guide portion, and the cooling fluid is sprayed to the outside of the rotor through the injection window to achieve effective cooling.
Through effective cooling measures, the stability and reliability of the motor during long runs are ensured, the risk of failure is reduced, and the use of lower grades of magnets is possible, reducing costs.
Smart Images
Figure CN119906217A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to a rotor, a motor including the rotor, and a vehicle including the motor. Background Art
[0002] The motor is a device that can achieve electromechanical energy conversion and is widely used in the automotive field. Generally, motors used in commercial and industrial applications are required to operate for more than 60,000 hours at rated power, but the service life of the motor is affected by many factors. For example, the motor will generate high temperature when running, especially at high speed, and high temperature will cause the motor components to malfunction or even fail, thus affecting the stability and reliability of the motor, such as affecting the NVH (Noise, Vibration, Harshness) performance of the motor. In serious cases, the motor needs to be replaced.
[0003] One known solution is to use magnets with a higher temperature resistance grade, but this will increase the cost of the motor and reduce the market competitiveness of the motor.
[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a motor that can solve the above problems. Summary of the invention
[0005] Therefore, an object of the present disclosure is to provide a rotor, a motor including the rotor, and a vehicle including the motor, wherein the rotor can be effectively cooled to ensure stability and reliability during operation of the motor.
[0006] This object is achieved by a rotor according to the present disclosure, an electric machine including the rotor, and a vehicle including the electric machine as described below.
[0007] The present disclosure relates to a rotor of an electric motor, the rotor comprising: a rotor shaft comprising an axial cavity extending along a rotation axis; a rotor body arranged on the rotor shaft and capable of rotating around the rotation axis along with the rotor shaft; and an end plate assembly arranged at the end of the rotor body along the direction of the rotation axis, wherein the end plate assembly comprises: an end plate wall forming an end plate cavity fluidically connected to the axial cavity, and an injection window being provided on the end plate wall; and a fluid guide portion arranged in the end plate cavity, for injecting cooling fluid from the injection window to the outside of the rotor.
[0008] By providing the end plate assembly with the fluid guide portion, the rotor of the present disclosure may be effectively cooled, thereby ensuring stability and reliability during operation of the motor.
[0009] In one embodiment, the fluid guide portion includes a plurality of centrifugal blades. By providing the centrifugal blades, the flow velocity of the cooling fluid can be increased, thereby improving the cooling efficiency.
[0010] In one embodiment, the centrifugal blades extend from the rotor shaft toward the injection window. In this way, the resistance encountered by the cooling fluid during its flow can be minimized as much as possible, and the flow speed of the cooling fluid can be increased.
[0011] In one embodiment, the centrifugal blades are bent toward the main rotation direction of the rotor. In this way, the flow velocity of the cooling fluid can be increased, thereby ensuring effective cooling of the motor when the vehicle is moving forward.
[0012] In one embodiment, a through hole is provided on the rotor shaft and is in fluid communication with the end plate cavity.
[0013] In one embodiment, the end plate wall has a cylindrical form, and includes a first end wall abutting against the rotor body, a second end wall axially opposite to the first end wall, and a circumferential wall located between the first end wall and the second end wall.
[0014] In one embodiment, the injection window is arranged on the circumferential wall.
[0015] In one embodiment, the centrifugal blades are connected to opposite surfaces of the first end wall and the second end wall.
[0016] In one embodiment, the through holes are located between adjacent centrifugal blades. In this way, a uniform cooling effect can be provided.
[0017] In one embodiment, the end plate assembly is assembled on the rotor shaft by an interference fit.
[0018] In one embodiment, the end plate assemblies are disposed at both ends of the rotor body. In this way, the cooling effect of the present disclosure on the rotor is more efficient.
[0019] The present disclosure also relates to an electric machine, comprising a stator and a rotor as described above, wherein the injection window corresponds to the end of the winding of the stator. In this way, efficient cooling of both the rotor and the stator can be achieved.
[0020] The present disclosure also relates to a vehicle, comprising the electric machine as described above. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The advantages and purposes of the present disclosure can be better understood from the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In order to better show the relationship between the various components in the accompanying drawings, the accompanying drawings are not drawn to scale. In the accompanying drawings:
[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a rotor for a motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of another direction of a rotor for a motor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0024] Figure 3 is a perspective view of a rotor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0025] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an end plate assembly of a rotor according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0026] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of an end plate assembly of a rotor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0027] Figure 6 is a perspective view of an end plate assembly of a rotor according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0028] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the technical solution of the present disclosure clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described in combination with the drawings of the specific embodiments of the present disclosure. The same figure marks in the drawings represent the same parts. It should be noted that the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
[0029] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the usual meanings understood by persons with ordinary skills in the field to which the present disclosure belongs. The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of the present disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, words such as "one" or "one" do not necessarily indicate a quantity limitation. Words such as "include", "comprise" or "have" mean that the elements or objects appearing before the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or objects. Words such as "connect" or "connected" are not limited to the physical or mechanical connections or connections shown in the drawings, but may include connections or connections equivalent thereto, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.
[0030] Below, see Figures 1 to 6 Various embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail.
[0031] Figure 1A rotor for a motor, such as a rotor for a synchronous motor, is shown. The motor can be used in new energy vehicles, and includes a stator, a rotor, a winding, a permanent magnet, etc., which are arranged in a cavity thereof.
[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, the rotor according to the present disclosure includes a rotor shaft 1, a rotor body 2 and an end plate assembly 4. The rotor shaft 1 has a rotation axis A, and the rotor shaft 1 includes an axial cavity 3 extending along the rotation axis A. The rotor shaft 1 is in a cylindrical form, the axial cavity 3 can extend through the rotor shaft 1, and the cooling fluid can be first supplied to the axial cavity 3. The rotor body 2 is disposed on the rotor shaft 1 and can rotate around the rotation axis A with the rotor shaft 1. For example, the rotor body 2 can be fixed to the rotor shaft 1 by an interference fit. The rotor body 2 can be formed by stacking a plurality of laminations (for example, iron laminations). In addition, a magnet mounting groove extending substantially along the rotation axis A can be provided in the rotor body 2, and a magnet is provided in the magnet mounting groove. For the purpose of simplifying the diagram, the magnet mounting groove and the magnet are not shown. Figure 1 The end plate assembly 4 is disposed at the end of the rotor body 2 along the direction of the rotation axis A. For example, both ends of the rotor body 2 may be provided with the end plate assembly 4. In other words, one end plate assembly 4 is provided at each end of the rotor body 2. For example, the end plate assembly 4 may be assembled on the rotor shaft 1 by interference fit.
[0033] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the end plate assembly 4 includes an end plate wall and a fluid guide 7. The end plate wall forms an end plate cavity 5 that is fluidically connected to the shaft cavity 3 of the rotor shaft 1, and an injection window 6 is opened on the end plate wall. Figure 3 As shown, the fluid guide portion 7 is disposed in the end plate cavity 5 for injecting the cooling fluid from the injection window 6 to the outside of the rotor.
[0034] By providing the end plate assembly with the fluid guide portion, the rotor of the present disclosure and the magnets provided therein can be effectively cooled, thereby ensuring stability and reliability during operation of the motor.
[0035] In one embodiment, the fluid guiding portion 7 comprises a plurality of centrifugal blades 8. For example, Figure 4 As shown, six centrifugal blades are arranged in the end plate cavity 5 to guide the cooling fluid at the rotor shaft 1 radially outward during the rotation of the rotor. It should be noted that the present disclosure does not limit the number of centrifugal blades. By arranging the centrifugal blades, when rotating with the rotor, the cooling fluid in the end plate cavity can be stirred, the flow rate of the cooling fluid can be increased, the heat can be quickly dissipated, and the cooling efficiency can be improved.
[0036] like Figure 3 and 4As shown, the centrifugal blades 8 extend from the rotor shaft 1 toward the injection window 6 to guide the cooling fluid to the injection window 6 and then leave the rotor. In this way, the resistance encountered by the cooling fluid during the flow can be minimized and the flow speed of the cooling fluid can be increased.
[0037] In one embodiment, the centrifugal blades 8 may be curved towards the main rotation direction of the rotor. This means that the centrifugal blades 8 are concave against the main rotation direction. Figure 3 , when viewed from the left end of the rotor body 2, the main rotation direction of the rotor may be, for example, clockwise, and the centrifugal blades 8 at the left end of the rotor body 2 are bent in the clockwise direction, and when viewed from the right end of the rotor body 2, the centrifugal blades 8 at the right end of the rotor body 2 are bent in the counterclockwise direction. The "main rotation direction" mentioned here may correspond to the forward direction of the vehicle. In this way, the flow rate of the cooling fluid may be increased, thereby ensuring effective cooling of the motor when the vehicle is moving forward.
[0038] like Figure 2 and 4 As shown, the rotor shaft 1 is provided with a through hole 9 in fluid communication with the end plate cavity 5. For example, the through hole 9 is located between adjacent centrifugal blades 8, so that a uniform fluid supply can be provided to different areas or spaces separated by the centrifugal blades, thereby providing the motor with the most uniform cooling effect possible.
[0039] like Figure 5 As shown, the end plate wall may have a cylindrical form, and the end plate wall may include a first end wall 11 abutting against the rotor body 2, a second end wall 12 axially opposite to the first end wall 11, and a circumferential wall 10 located between the first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12. The first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12 may be considered as the top wall and the bottom wall of the cylinder. More specifically, the end plate wall may have a centrally hollowed cylindrical form. Both the first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12 have a central hole for the rotor shaft 1 to pass through.
[0040] like Figure 6 As shown, the centrifugal blades 8 are connected to the opposite surfaces of the first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12. Figure 6 The centrifugal blades 8 are bent and extended from the central holes of the first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12 to the vicinity of the injection window 6. A cavity can be formed between the adjacent blades and the first end wall 11 and the second end wall 12, so that the cooling fluid flowing out of the corresponding through hole 9 only flows in the cavity, which can further improve the uniform guidance of the cooling fluid.
[0041] The injection window 6 is provided on the circumferential wall 10. For example, a plurality of injection windows 6 may be evenly distributed on the circumferential wall 10. For example, the injection window 6 may have a rectangular shape, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto.
[0042] The rotor of the present invention can be effectively cooled by providing an end plate assembly with centrifugal blades, avoiding the problem of magnet demagnetization caused by high temperature and rotor stratification caused by high temperature and high speed, so that stability and reliability can be ensured during long-term operation. The rotor of the present invention reduces the risk of failure, which reduces costs. Further, by solving the problem of magnet demagnetization, the rotor of the present invention can use lower-grade magnets, which also reduces costs.
[0043] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a motor. In addition to the rotor described above, the motor of the present disclosure also includes a stator, and the injection window 6 of the rotor can correspond to the end of the winding of the stator. The correspondence described here means that the injection window and the winding of the stator are arranged so that the cooling fluid can be injected to the end of the winding of the stator via the injection window 6. After flowing through the rotor, the cooling fluid flows to the stator to cool the stator. In this way, efficient cooling of both the rotor and the stator can be achieved. After that, the cooling fluid can be gathered at the bottom of the motor housing under the action of gravity and recovered to the cooling device outside the motor. For example, the cooling fluid can be cooling oil. It should be understood that the motor of the present disclosure has the advantages described above with respect to the rotor.
[0044] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a vehicle, which includes a motor as described above. The vehicle can be an electrified vehicle (Electrified Vehicle), such as a pure electric vehicle (BEV, Battery Electric Vehicle), a hybrid electric vehicle (HEV, Hybrid Electric Vehicle), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV, Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle), and an extended-range electric vehicle (REEV, Range Extended Electrified Vehicle). The vehicle can also be a hydrogen energy vehicle. It should be understood that the vehicle of the present disclosure also has the advantages described above with respect to the rotor.
[0045] Certain features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the present disclosure may be appropriately combined.
[0046] The above is an explanation of the present disclosure and should not be considered as a limitation thereof. Although several exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are described, it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that many modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments without departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the present disclosure. Therefore, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure as defined in the claims. It should be understood that the above is an explanation of the present disclosure and the present disclosure should not be considered to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, and modifications to the disclosed embodiments and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1. A rotor, characterized in that: The rotor comprises: A rotor shaft (1) comprising a shaft cavity (3) extending along a rotation axis (A); a rotor body (2) disposed on the rotor shaft (1) and capable of rotating along with the rotor shaft (1) around the rotation axis (A); and an end plate assembly (4) arranged at an end of the rotor body (2) along the direction of the rotation axis (A), Wherein, the end plate assembly (4) comprises: An end plate wall forms an end plate cavity (5) in fluid communication with the shaft cavity (3), and an injection window (6) is provided on the end plate wall; and A fluid guide portion (7) is arranged in the end plate cavity (5) and is used to spray cooling fluid from the spray window (6) to the outside of the rotor.
2. The rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that The fluid guiding part (7) comprises a plurality of centrifugal blades (8).
3. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that The centrifugal blades (8) extend from the rotor shaft (1) toward the injection window (6).
4. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that The centrifugal blades (8) are curved towards the main rotation direction of the rotor.
5. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that The rotor shaft (1) is provided with a through hole (9) which is in fluid communication with the end plate cavity (5).
6. The rotor according to claim 2, characterized in that The end plate wall has a cylindrical form and comprises a first end wall (11) abutting against the rotor body (2), a second end wall (12) axially opposite to the first end wall (11), and a circumferential wall (10) located between the first end wall (11) and the second end wall (12).
7. The rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that The injection window (6) is arranged on the circumferential wall (10).
8. The rotor according to claim 6, characterized in that The centrifugal blades (8) are connected to opposing surfaces of the first end wall (11) and the second end wall (12).
9. The rotor according to claim 5, characterized in that The through holes (9) are located between adjacent centrifugal blades.
10. The rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The end plate assembly (4) is assembled on the rotor shaft (1) by interference fit.
11. A rotor according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The end plate assemblies (4) are provided at both ends of the rotor body (2).
12. A motor, characterized in that: The electric machine comprises a stator and a rotor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the injection window (6) corresponds to the end of the winding of the stator.
13. A vehicle, characterized in that: The vehicle includes the electric machine of claim 12.