Broadband weak signal processing system

Abstract

The invention provides a broadband weak signal processing system, and relates to the technical field of signal processing. The system comprises a weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, a weak electromagnetic signal amplification module, a power supply filtering module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing and storage module and a display module, wherein the amplification module comprises two differential amplifiers with gains of * 100 and * 1000 respectively; the filtering module is used for eliminating influence of a power supply on signals; the signal acquisition module adopts a high-precision analog-to-digital converter; the signal processing and storage module is integrated with a computer, an operating system and measurement software; the display module is a touch display screen. According to the system, low-distortion signal amplification and acquisition can be provided, the accuracy of weak electromagnetic signals is ensured, and accurate analysis and real-time processing of the signals are realized through combination of the high-precision digital acquisition card and the signal processing module; graphical and digitized display of signals can be realized; the system has the characteristics of broadband response and high precision, and is suitable for various weak signal processing requirements.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of signal processing, and in particular to a broadband weak signal processing system. Background Art

[0002] Weak electromagnetic signals, which are electromagnetic signals with very small amplitudes, are drowned by strong background noise and have extremely low signal-to-noise ratios. They are widely used in biomedicine, radio frequency engineering, environmental monitoring, etc. The fluctuations of weak electromagnetic signals themselves, the influence of background and amplifier noise limit their measurement sensitivity. Weak electromagnetic signal detection is a research hotspot in the field of measurement technology.

[0003] The task of weak electromagnetic signal detection is to continuously study new detection theories, detection methods and detection instruments to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. At present, there are many methods for weak electromagnetic signal detection that have been developed, such as traditional methods such as commonly used correlation detection, sampling integration method, narrowband filtering method, time domain averaging method and correlation detection method; emerging methods mainly include chaotic system method, stochastic resonance method, adaptive signal decomposition method and deep learning method. Under the detection conditions of low signal-to-noise ratio, according to the characteristics of different weak electromagnetic signals and the different types of parameters to be detected, studying the detection method that matches them is the key to improving the performance of weak electromagnetic signal detection technology. In order to ensure the detection quality of weak electromagnetic signals, minimizing the distortion of the signal and tracing the source of the detected weak electromagnetic signals are powerful means to ensure the detection quality.

[0004] However, there is currently no independent and complete broadband weak electromagnetic signal processing system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a broadband weak signal processing system to solve the problem of detecting weak electromagnetic signals in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] The present invention provides a broadband weak signal processing system, which includes: a weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, a weak electromagnetic signal amplification module, a power supply filtering module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing and storage module and a display module.

[0008] The weak electromagnetic signal differential input module uses a broadband coaxial interface and impedance matching to ensure the integrity of the input signal;

[0009] The weak electromagnetic signal amplification module includes two differential amplifiers with gains of ×100 and ×1000 respectively. The weak electromagnetic signal amplification module has two input ports and two output ports. The two input ports are used to receive signals input through the weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, and the two output ports provide differential amplified signals amplified by 100 times and 1000 times respectively.

[0010] The power supply filter module is used to eliminate the influence of the power supply on weak electromagnetic signals;

[0011] The signal acquisition module uses a high-precision analog-to-digital converter, supports 16-bit, 20M sampling rate broadband sampling, and supports dual-channel acquisition. The first channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×100 from the two output ports, and the second channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×1000 from the two output ports.

[0012] The signal processing and storage module integrates a computer, Windows operating system and real-time measurement software to achieve real-time signal processing and analysis, and the signal processing and storage module uses SATA to provide data storage function;

[0013] The display module is a touch screen that is used to display signal waveforms in real time and perform signal analysis.

[0014] The frequency band of the system is 0.1Hz~4kHz.

[0015] Optionally, the system further comprises an interface for supporting USB, Ethernet or wireless communication, the interface being used for connecting an external device or uploading data.

[0016] Optionally, the power supply of the system is a linear regulated power supply or a low-noise switching power supply.

[0017] Optionally, the system provides real-time display of time domain signals and supports scaling and measuring of signals. The system can adjust gain, sampling rate, and filter parameters through the display module. The system can also perform data analysis and export, and the exported data formats include CSV and TXT.

[0018] Optionally, the gain selection in the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is determined by the amplitude of the input signal. If the amplitude of the input signal is less than 10mV P-P and greater than or equal to 1mV P-P If the input signal amplitude is less than 1mV, a gain of 100 is selected. P-P When , a gain of 1000 is selected.

[0019] Optionally, the common mode rejection ratio of the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is greater than 89 dB.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention include:

[0021] The broadband weak signal processing system provided by the present invention comprises: a weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, a weak electromagnetic signal amplification module, a power supply filtering module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing and storage module and a display module. The weak electromagnetic signal differential input module adopts a broadband coaxial interface and adopts impedance matching to ensure the integrity of the input signal; the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module comprises two differential amplifiers with gains of ×100 and ×1000 respectively, and the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module has two input ports and two output ports, the two input ports are used to receive signals input through the weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, and the two output ports provide differential amplified signals after 100 times and 1000 times amplification respectively; the power supply filtering module is used to eliminate the power supply to The influence of weak electromagnetic signals; the signal acquisition module adopts a high-precision analog-to-digital converter, supports 16-bit, 20M sampling rate broadband sampling, and the signal acquisition module supports dual-channel acquisition. The first channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×100 from two output ports, and the second channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×1000 from two output ports; the signal processing and storage module integrates a computer, Windows operating system and real-time measurement software to realize real-time signal processing and analysis, and the signal processing and storage module uses SATA to provide data storage function; the display module is a touch screen for real-time display of signal waveforms and signal analysis. The frequency band range of the system is 0.1Hz~4kHz. This system can provide low-distortion signal amplification and acquisition to ensure the accuracy of weak electromagnetic signals; by combining a high-precision digital acquisition card with a signal processing module, accurate analysis and real-time processing of signals can be realized; the system can realize the graphical and data display of signals, which is convenient for users to conduct intuitive analysis; it has the characteristics of broadband response and high precision, and is suitable for a variety of weak signal processing needs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0023] Figure 1 The structure block diagram of the broadband weak signal processing system provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] The task of weak electromagnetic signal detection is to continuously study new detection theories, detection methods and detection instruments to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal. At present, there are many methods for weak electromagnetic signal detection that have been developed, such as traditional methods such as commonly used correlation detection, sampling integration method, narrowband filtering method, time domain averaging method and correlation detection method; emerging methods mainly include chaotic system method, stochastic resonance method, adaptive signal decomposition method and deep learning method. Under the detection conditions of low signal-to-noise ratio, according to the characteristics of different weak electromagnetic signals and the different types of parameters to be detected, studying the detection method that matches them is the key to improving the performance of weak electromagnetic signal detection technology. In order to ensure the detection quality of weak electromagnetic signals, minimizing the distortion of the signal and tracing the source of the detected weak electromagnetic signals are powerful means to ensure the detection quality.

[0026] In order to improve the detection quality of weak electromagnetic signals, the present invention proposes a broadband weak electromagnetic signal processing system for stable output and low-distortion amplification of weak electromagnetic signals.

[0027] Figure 1 FIG. 4 shows a structural block diagram of a broadband weak signal processing system provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the broadband weak signal processing system provided by the present invention includes: a weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, a weak electromagnetic signal amplification module, a power supply filtering module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing and storage module and a display module.

[0028] The weak electromagnetic signal differential input module adopts a broadband coaxial interface and impedance matching to ensure the integrity of the input signal.

[0029] The weak electromagnetic signal amplification module includes two differential amplifiers with gains of ×100 and ×1000 respectively. The weak electromagnetic signal amplification module has two input ports and two output ports. The two input ports are used to receive signals input through the weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, and the two output ports provide differential amplified signals after 100 times and 1000 times amplification respectively. The differential amplifiers in this system are all low-noise differential amplifiers, and the maximum allowable error of the gain of the differential amplifier is ±0.3%, which ensures the high precision of the amplification process. The positive and negative inputs of the differential signal correspond to the inverting and non-inverting input terminals of the amplifier respectively.

[0030] The power supply filter module is used to eliminate the influence of power supply on weak electromagnetic signals. The power supply filter module in this system is a built-in integrated 50Hz power supply filter.

[0031] The signal acquisition module adopts a high-precision analog-to-digital converter, supports 16-bit broadband sampling with a sampling rate of 20M, and supports dual-channel acquisition. The first channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×100 from the two output ports, and the second channel of the dual channel is used to collect signals with a gain of ×1000 from the two output ports.

[0032] The signal processing and storage module integrates a computer, Windows operating system and real-time measurement software to achieve real-time signal processing and analysis. The signal processing and storage module uses SATA to provide data storage function, supporting large data volumes and long-term data recording.

[0033] The display module is a touch screen, which is easy to operate and is used to display signal waveforms in real time and perform signal analysis.

[0034] The frequency band range of the system is 0.1Hz to 4kHz, which can cover the effective frequency range of most weak electromagnetic signals, especially physiological electrical signals. The design of the frequency band range ensures the information integrity during the signal amplification process.

[0035] In the actual operation of using this system to detect weak electromagnetic signals, first, the weak electromagnetic signal is amplified 100 times or 1000 times by differential amplification, and then the interference signal in the amplified signal is filtered, and then graphical analysis and display are performed through data acquisition, processing and analysis.

[0036] Optionally, the system further comprises an interface for supporting USB, Ethernet or wireless communication, the interface being used for connecting an external device or uploading data.

[0037] Optionally, the power supply of the system is a high-efficiency and low-noise power supply, such as a linear voltage-regulated power supply or a low-noise switching power supply, to avoid interference with weak signals.

[0038] Optionally, the system has designed software functions, which provide real-time display of time domain signals, support signal scaling and measurement (amplitude, frequency, phase, etc.), and can adjust gain, sampling rate, filter parameters, etc. through the display module; the system can also perform data analysis and export, and the exported data formats include CSV and TXT.

[0039] Optionally, the gain selection in the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is determined by the amplitude of the input signal. If the amplitude of the input signal is less than 10mV P-P and greater than or equal to 1mV P-PIf the input signal amplitude is less than 1mV, a gain of 100 is selected. P-P When the gain is 1000, the maximum output signal amplitude after amplification is 10V. P-P .

[0040] Optionally, the common mode rejection ratio of the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is greater than 89 dB, thereby effectively suppressing common mode signals (such as electromagnetic interference and environmental noise) to ensure the purity of the output signal.

[0041] In the prior art, the detection of weak electromagnetic signals is all targeted at a certain application scenario, so the frequency range is limited to the narrow band range of a certain application. However, the weak electromagnetic signal processing system proposed in the present invention has widened the frequency band range to 0.1Hz~4kHz, which meets the traceability and calibration of weak electromagnetic signals, especially physiological electrical signals, on the market. This system can amplify weak electromagnetic signals by 100 times and 1000 times, and the maximum allowable error of the amplification factor is ±0.3%. At the same time, a 50Hz power supply filter is added to effectively remove power supply interference and reduce the distortion of the amplified signal. This system optimizes the weak electromagnetic signal detection method and reduces the distortion of the signal after amplification. Through data acquisition, processing and analysis, graphical and data display are performed, which provides support for the calibration and traceability of weak electromagnetic signals. This system realizes the detection capability of weak electromagnetic signals, especially physiological electrical signals, under wide bandwidth, which meets the current market and industry needs. Compared with the existing detection methods, this system amplifies the weak electromagnetic signal by 100 times and 1000 times, with the maximum allowable error of the amplification factor being ±0.3%. It also adds power supply filtering technology and improves detection accuracy.

[0042] In summary, the system of the present invention can provide low-distortion signal amplification and acquisition to ensure the accuracy of weak electromagnetic signals; by combining a high-precision digital acquisition card with a signal processing module, accurate analysis and real-time processing of signals can be achieved; the system can realize graphical and digital display of signals, which is convenient for users to conduct intuitive analysis; it has the characteristics of broadband response and high precision, and is suitable for a variety of weak signal processing needs.

[0043] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and their purpose is to enable ordinary technicians in the field to understand the content of the present invention and implement it. They cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband weak signal processing system, characterized in that: The system includes: a weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, a weak electromagnetic signal amplification module, a power supply filtering module, a signal acquisition module, a signal processing and storage module, and a display module. The weak electromagnetic signal differential input module adopts a broadband coaxial interface and adopts impedance matching to ensure the integrity of the input signal; The weak electromagnetic signal amplification module comprises two differential amplifiers with gains of ×100 and ×1000 respectively, and the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module has two input ports and two output ports, the two input ports are used to receive signals input via the weak electromagnetic signal differential input module, and the two output ports provide differential amplified signals amplified by 100 times and 1000 times respectively; The power supply filter module is used to eliminate the influence of the power supply on the weak electromagnetic signal; The signal acquisition module adopts a high-precision analog-to-digital converter, supports 16-bit, 20M sampling rate broadband sampling, and supports dual-channel acquisition, the first channel of the dual channels is used to acquire the signal with a gain of ×100 from the two output ports, and the second channel of the dual channels is used to acquire the signal with a gain of ×1000 from the two output ports; The signal processing and storage module integrates a computer, a Windows operating system, and real-time measurement software to realize real-time signal processing and analysis, and the signal processing and storage module uses SATA to provide data storage function; The display module is a touch screen, which is used to display the signal waveform in real time and perform signal analysis. The frequency band of the system is 0.1 Hz to 4 kHz.

2. The broadband weak signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system further comprises an interface for supporting USB, Ethernet or wireless communication, wherein the interface is used for connecting an external device or uploading data.

3. The broadband weak signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The power supply of the system is a linear voltage-regulated power supply or a low-noise switching power supply.

4. The broadband weak signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The system provides real-time display of time domain signals and supports scaling and measuring of signals. The system can adjust gain, sampling rate, and filter parameters through the display module. The system can also perform data analysis and export, and the exported data formats include CSV and TXT.

5. The broadband weak signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gain selection in the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is determined by the amplitude of the input signal. If the amplitude of the input signal is less than 10mV P-P and greater than or equal to 1mV P-P If the input signal amplitude is less than 1mV, a gain of 100 is selected. P-P When , a gain of 1000 is selected.

6. The broadband weak signal processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The common mode rejection ratio of the weak electromagnetic signal amplification module is greater than 89dB.

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