Portable single-photon source emitter device and its usage

Abstract

This application discloses a portable single-photon light source emitter device and its usage method, relating to the field of quantum information technology. The device includes a light source section, a detector section, and a housing section; the light source section includes a light-emitting diode, a polarizer, and a ball valve; the detector section includes a photomultiplier tube. The main objective of this application is to provide a portable single-photon light source emitter device, aiming to solve the problems of complex equipment, high cost, and difficult use in existing technologies. Through the design of the light source and detector sections, the stability and adaptability of the light source are improved; and the use of low-cost materials to fabricate the overall housing structure reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the method of adjusting the light source adjustment parameters according to the waveform of the output signal improves the practicality and flexibility of the device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of quantum information technology, and in particular to a portable single-photon light source emitter device and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] A single-photon source is a light source that emits a single photon. Single-photon sources have broad application prospects and significant research value in fields such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum optical measurement. The complexity of a single-photon source device lies mainly in its numerous key components, each with very high functional and performance requirements. As the core of the device, the fabrication and integration of the single-photon source are complex, requiring high-precision processes and equipment. Different implementation methods, such as quantum dots, single molecules, or superconducting circuits, each have unique fabrication and maintenance requirements. The precision and stability of optical components such as beam splitters, mirrors, and interferometers are crucial to experimental results. They require precise design and manufacturing to ensure photon transmission and interference effects. In single-photon interferometry experiments, detectors need extremely high sensitivity and resolution to accurately detect the presence and state of individual photons, requiring advanced photoelectric conversion technology and signal processing capabilities.

[0003] Currently, the complexity and high requirements of single-photon source devices also lead to their inconvenience in being moved. Because these devices contain multiple sophisticated optical and electronic devices, their overall size and weight are relatively large. This necessitates additional equipment and manpower support during movement and deployment. Furthermore, some single-photon sources and detectors have strict requirements regarding environmental conditions (such as temperature, humidity, and vibration). During movement, it is crucial to ensure these environmental conditions are met to avoid impacting device performance. Precise connections and calibrations are required between the various components to ensure photon transmission and interference effects. During movement, these connections and calibrations may be interfered with or damaged, necessitating recalibration and readjustment. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main objective of this application is to provide a portable single-photon light source emitter device, which aims to solve the problems of complex equipment, high cost, and difficult use in existing technologies. Through the design of the light source and detector parts, the stability and adaptability of the light source are improved; and the overall shell structure is made of low-cost materials, reducing the manufacturing cost. At the same time, the method of adjusting the light source adjustment parameters according to the waveform of the output signal improves the practicality and flexibility of the device.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a portable single-photon light source emitter device, which includes a light source part, a detector part, and a device housing part; the light source part includes a light-emitting diode, a polarizer, and a ball valve; the detector part includes a photomultiplier tube;

[0006] The light-emitting diode is used to generate a single-photon light source signal;

[0007] The polarizer is connected to the ball valve. The polarizer is used to receive the single-photon source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon source signal.

[0008] The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube. The ball valve is used to receive the single-photon source signal after polarization state adjustment and to adjust the light intensity of the single-photon source signal.

[0009] The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and to convert the single-photon source signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0010] In one embodiment, the device housing portion further includes a metal housing for the light source portion and a metal housing for the detector portion;

[0011] The metal casing of the light source and the metal casing of the detector are connected. The metal casing of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single photon light source signal from being interfered with by the outside.

[0012] The metal casing of the detector section is used to protect the detector section and provide electromagnetic shielding for it.

[0013] In one embodiment, the light source portion further includes a light-emitting diode power line, a front cover, and a first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure;

[0014] The power supply line of the light-emitting diode is connected to the light-emitting diode, and the power supply line of the light-emitting diode is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the light-emitting diode. The front cover is used to fix the light-emitting diode.

[0015] The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

[0016] In one embodiment, the polarizer further includes a front polarizer and a rear polarizer;

[0017] The front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure.

[0018] The different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to the different polarization states of the single-photon source signal.

[0019] In one embodiment, the detector section further includes: a photomultiplier tube power supply line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and a photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0020] The power line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the power line of the photomultiplier tube is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0021] The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0022] The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

[0023] In one embodiment, the detector portion further includes: a rear cover and a second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure;

[0024] The rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure. The rear cover is used to protect the detector part and to provide an outlet for the power line and signal line of the photomultiplier tube.

[0025] The second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the detector part, and the second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

[0026] A method of using a portable single-photon source emitter device, the method comprising the following steps:

[0027] The output state of the single-photon source signal is detected using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line.

[0028] Adjust the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0029] Based on the adjustment results of the light source adjustment parameters, a stable single-photon light source signal is output.

[0030] In one embodiment, the step of detecting the output state of the single-photon source signal using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes:

[0031] The light-emitting diode is powered through the power supply line of the light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal;

[0032] The photomultiplier tube is powered through the power supply line, and the signal line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the input terminal of the oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the signal line of the photomultiplier tube.

[0033] Based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, determine whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

[0034] In one embodiment, the step of determining whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes:

[0035] When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset range, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the transmitter device is in a stable output state.

[0036] In one embodiment, the step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal further includes:

[0037] Based on the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, adjust the voltage parameters of the light source section, the angle parameters between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening / closing parameters of the ball valve.

[0038] The above-mentioned one or more technical solutions provided in this application may have the following advantages or at least achieve the following technical effects:

[0039] This application discloses a portable single-photon light source emitter device and its usage method, relating to the field of quantum information technology. The device mainly includes a light source section, a detector section, and a device housing section. The light source section includes a light-emitting diode (LED), a polarizer, and a ball valve. The detector section includes a photomultiplier tube (PMT). The LED is used to generate a single-photon light source signal. The polarizer is connected to the ball valve and is used to receive the single-photon light source signal and adjust its polarization state. The ball valve is connected to the PMT and is used to receive the polarization-adjusted single-photon light source signal and adjust its light intensity. The PMT receives the intensity-adjusted single-photon light source signal and converts it into a corresponding electrical signal. This application aims to solve the problems of complex equipment, high difficulty in use, and high cost in existing technologies. Through the design of the light source and detector sections, the stability and adaptability of the light source are improved. The use of low-cost materials to fabricate the overall housing structure reduces manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the method of adjusting the light source adjustment parameters based on the waveform of the output signal improves the practicality and flexibility of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0040] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0041] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the light source portion of the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0043] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the portable single-photon source emitter device proposed in the embodiments of this application;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the usage method of the portable single-photon source emitter device proposed in the embodiments of this application.

[0045] The realization of the purpose, functional features and advantages of this application will be further explained in conjunction with the embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0046] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0047] It should be noted that if the embodiments of this application involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0048] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this application involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, the use of "and / or" or "and / or" throughout the text includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed in this application.

[0049] To achieve efficient use of a portable single-photon source emitter device, this application details a portable single-photon source emitter device and its usage method. Please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in this application. This application proposes a portable single-photon light source emitter device, which meticulously designs the light source section, detector section, and device housing to ensure efficient, stable, and portable operation. These parts, through precise design and assembly, form a compact and fully functional portable single-photon light source emitter device. The portable single-photon light source emitter device of this application, through careful design and assembly, achieves an efficient, stable, and portable single-photon light source solution. The device integrates the light source section, detector section, and device housing. By adjusting parameters such as signal source voltage, polarizer angle, and ball valve opening degree, the performance of the light source can be optimized to generate a stable single-photon signal. Simultaneously, the device housing provides excellent electromagnetic shielding and a darkroom effect, ensuring stable operation of the light source and detector. This device has broad application prospects and significant research value in fields such as quantum communication, quantum computing, and quantum optical measurement.

[0050] In this embodiment, the device includes a light source section, a detector section, and a device housing section; the light source section includes a light-emitting diode, a polarizer, and a ball valve; the detector section includes a photomultiplier tube;

[0051] The light-emitting diode is used to generate a single-photon light source signal;

[0052] The polarizer is connected to the ball valve. The polarizer is used to receive the single-photon source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon source signal.

[0053] The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube. The ball valve is used to receive the single-photon source signal after polarization state adjustment and to adjust the light intensity of the single-photon source signal.

[0054] The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and to convert the single-photon source signal into a corresponding electrical signal.

[0055] Specifically, in this embodiment, the device consists of three main parts: a light source, a detector, and a housing. The light source is responsible for generating and regulating light signals, the detector is responsible for receiving and converting these light signals into electrical signals, and the housing serves to protect and support these components.

[0056] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are the core of portable single-photon source emitters, used to generate single photons. In this application, the LEDs were carefully selected to ensure that the emitted photons have extremely high monochromaticity and coherence, which is fundamental for conducting high-precision optical experiments.

[0057] A polarizer is a key control component in the light source section. Located behind the light-emitting diode (LED), it receives the single-photon light emitted by the LED. The polarizer has a specific transmission axis, allowing only light signals parallel to this axis to pass through. By rotating the polarizer, the polarization direction of the light signal can be adjusted, thus achieving precise control over the polarization state of the light signal.

[0058] The ball valve, positioned behind the polarizer, functions as an adjustable optical attenuator to receive polarization-adjusted single-photon source signals. By adjusting its internal aperture or transmittance, the ball valve controls the intensity of the transmitted light signal. This adjustability allows the device to flexibly adapt to varying light signal intensity requirements, ensuring the detector receives a suitable light signal strength.

[0059] A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive photodetector that converts weak light signals into measurable electrical signals. In a device, the PMT is located downstream of a ball valve and receives a single-photon source signal whose intensity has been adjusted. The PMT contains a multi-stage multiplication structure that amplifies the electronic signal excited by a single photon stage by stage, thereby enabling precise detection of weak light signals.

[0060] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the device housing portion further includes a metal tube housing for the light source portion and a metal tube housing for the detector portion;

[0061] The metal casing of the light source and the metal casing of the detector are connected. The metal casing of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single photon light source signal from being interfered with by the outside.

[0062] The metal casing of the detector section is used to protect the detector section and provide electromagnetic shielding for it.

[0063] Specifically, in this embodiment, the outer casing is a key structure that protects the internal components and ensures the stable operation of the device. It mainly consists of the metal casing of the light source and the metal casing of the detector, which are connected together in an appropriate manner to form a complete and enclosed protection system.

[0064] The metal casing of the light source is a crucial component in the device, protecting the light source itself. It is typically made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metals, such as stainless steel or aluminum alloy, to ensure structural integrity and performance stability even in harsh environments. The metal casing effectively prevents harmful substances like dust, moisture, and oil from entering the light source, thus protecting critical components such as LEDs and ball valves from damage. The metal casing also possesses excellent electromagnetic shielding properties, preventing interference from external electromagnetic fields on the single-photon light source signal. This is essential for ensuring the stability and accuracy of the light source signal, especially in applications requiring high-precision measurements. Furthermore, it prevents electromagnetic radiation generated by the light source from leaking into the external environment, avoiding interference with other electronic equipment.

[0065] The metal casing of the detector section is also made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant metal material to protect critical components such as the photomultiplier tube. Similar to the metal casing of the light source section, the metal casing of the detector section effectively prevents harmful substances such as external dust and moisture from entering the detector, thus protecting components like the photomultiplier tube from damage. It also provides mechanical protection, preventing components from loosening or being damaged due to vibration, impact, or other factors. The metal casing of the detector section also has excellent electromagnetic shielding performance. It prevents external electromagnetic fields from interfering with the photomultiplier tube, ensuring that the detector can accurately receive and convert optical signals into electrical signals. Furthermore, it prevents electromagnetic radiation generated by the detector section from leaking into the external environment, protecting the normal operation of surrounding electronic equipment.

[0066] It is particularly important to note that the device housing, through its rational structural design, ensures that the light source, detector, and their connecting components are stably fixed in their predetermined positions, preventing performance degradation or damage due to vibration or impact. For components that require prolonged operation or generate significant heat, the housing is typically designed with heat dissipation structures to ensure stable operation within a suitable temperature range. Furthermore, the metal housings of the light source and detector are connected using appropriate methods, such as threaded connections, flange connections, or welding. The choice of connection method should be determined based on the specific requirements of the device and the operating environment to ensure a robust and airtight connection. The metal housing design considers heat dissipation and mechanical strength to ensure stable operation of the detector in harsh environments.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the light source portion also includes a light-emitting diode power line, a front cover, and a first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure;

[0068] The power supply line of the light-emitting diode is connected to the light-emitting diode, and the power supply line of the light-emitting diode is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the light-emitting diode. The front cover is used to fix the light-emitting diode.

[0069] The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

[0070] Specifically, in this embodiment, the light source section not only includes core components such as light-emitting diodes, polarizers, and ball valves, but also adds auxiliary components such as light-emitting diode power lines, front covers, and a first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure to ensure the overall performance and stability of the light source section.

[0071] The LED power cable is a key component connecting the external power supply to the LED. It is typically made of highly conductive materials, such as copper or tin-plated copper, to ensure stable current transmission. The power cable is responsible for transmitting the supply voltage from the external power source to the LED, enabling it to emit light stably and generate a single-photon signal. By adjusting the supply voltage, the luminous intensity and stability of the LED can be controlled to meet different application requirements. LED power cables usually have interfaces that match the LED, such as pin-type, surface-mount, or threaded types, to ensure a secure and reliable connection. The LED power cable exits through a hole in the center of the front cover, and the gap in the hole is filled with black sealant to ensure structural sealing and electromagnetic shielding. The length and diameter can be customized to suit different installation environments and power supply configurations.

[0072] The front cover is a crucial protective component for the light source. It is typically made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel. The front cover secures the LED, preventing it from loosening or being damaged during operation due to vibration or impact. It also provides a sealed, protective environment for the LED, preventing the intrusion of external dust, moisture, and other harmful substances, thus extending the LED's lifespan. The front cover usually has mounting holes or slots that match the LED, ensuring a stable installation. The inner surface of the front cover may also feature heat dissipation structures, such as heat sinks or ventilation holes, to improve the LED's heat dissipation efficiency.

[0073] The first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is the fixing structure for the light source section. Manufactured using 3D printing technology, it features high precision and customizability. This structure is used to secure the polarizer, ensuring it maintains a stable position and angle during operation. 3D printing technology allows for precise control of the tubular fixing structure's size and shape to accommodate different polarizer models and installation environments. The first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure typically has fixing grooves or clips that match the polarizer, ensuring stable mounting. The inner wall of the tubular fixing structure may also be designed with anti-slip structures, such as protrusions or grooves, to improve the stability of the polarizer's fixation.

[0074] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the polarizer further includes a front polarizer and a rear polarizer;

[0075] The front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure.

[0076] The different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to the different polarization states of the single-photon source signal.

[0077] Specifically, in this embodiment, the polarizer is designed to include two independent parts: a front polarizer and a rear polarizer, which are fixed at different positions and work together to control the polarization state of the single-photon source signal.

[0078] The front polarizer is the first part of the polarizer assembly and is usually fixed to the front cover at a predetermined position relative to the LED. This predetermined position is determined based on the LED's light-emitting characteristics, optical path design, and polarization control requirements. Figure 2 As shown, Figure 2This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the light source section of the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in this application embodiment. The main function of the front polarizer is to initially adjust the polarization state of the single-photon light source signal. By setting a specific transmission axis direction, the front polarizer only allows light signals parallel to that axis to pass through, thereby achieving initial screening of the polarization direction of the light signal. The front polarizer is usually made of polarizing materials with high light transmittance and high stability, such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film or potassium iodide (KI) crystal. These materials have good polarization performance and chemical stability, and can maintain a stable polarization effect in various environments. The shape and size of the front polarizer are usually matched with the emitting surface of the light-emitting diode to ensure that the light signal can pass through the polarizer uniformly.

[0079] The rear polarizer is the second part of the polarizer assembly, typically fixed at the front end of the first 3D-printed tubular fixing structure, located after the front polarizer. A certain distance is maintained between the rear and front polarizers to create a specific optical path space. The main function of the rear polarizer is to further adjust the polarization state of the single-photon source signal. By changing the angle between the transmission axis of the rear polarizer and the front polarizer, precise control of the optical signal polarization state can be achieved. This controllability is crucial for applications requiring specific polarization states. The material of the rear polarizer is the same as or similar to that of the front polarizer to ensure consistency in polarization performance. The shape and size of the rear polarizer are usually matched to the front polarizer to form a stable optical path between them. Different angles between the front and rear polarizers correspond to different polarization states of the single-photon source signal. By adjusting the angle between them, continuous control of the optical signal polarization state can be achieved. This controllability allows the device to flexibly adapt to different polarization requirements, thus playing an important role in various optical experiments.

[0080] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the detector section further includes: a photomultiplier tube power supply line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and a photomultiplier tube signal line;

[0081] The power line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the power line of the photomultiplier tube is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0082] The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube;

[0083] The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

[0084] Specifically, in this embodiment, the detector section not only includes the core component, the photomultiplier tube, but also adds auxiliary components such as the photomultiplier tube power supply line, the photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and the photomultiplier tube signal line to ensure the stable operation of the photomultiplier tube and signal transmission.

[0085] The power cable for a photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a crucial component connecting the external power source to the PMT. It is typically made of highly conductive materials to ensure stable current transmission. The PMT power cable is responsible for transmitting the supply voltage from the external power source to the PMT, enabling it to operate stably and generate electrical signals. The stability and accuracy of the supply voltage directly affect the performance of the PMT; therefore, the design and material selection of the power cable are critical. PMT power cables usually have interfaces that match the PMT, such as pin-type, surface-mount, or threaded types, to ensure a secure and reliable connection. The length and diameter of the PMT power cable can be customized to suit different installation environments and power supply configurations.

[0086] A photomultiplier tube (PMT) voltage divider is a component directly connected to the PMT, used to divide the supply voltage input to the PMT. The main function of a PMT voltage divider is to divide the externally supplied higher voltage into multiple lower voltage levels to meet the voltage requirements of the different cascaded dynamometers within the PMT. Precise voltage division control can optimize the PMT's gain performance and stability, thereby improving the overall performance of the detector. A PMT voltage divider typically consists of multiple resistors, capacitors, and other components connected together according to a specific circuit structure to form a voltage divider circuit. The design and manufacture of a PMT voltage divider must consider factors such as the characteristics of the PMT, the operating environment, and the required gain performance.

[0087] The photomultiplier tube (PMT) signal line is a crucial component connecting the PMT to subsequent signal processing circuitry. It transmits the electrical signals output by the PMT, typically very weak current or voltage signals representing information such as the intensity and frequency of the light signal. The transmission performance and stability of the signal line directly impact the detector's sensitivity and accuracy. PMT signal lines are usually designed with low-noise, high-impedance-matched coaxial cables or twisted-pair cables to minimize attenuation and interference during signal transmission. The length and diameter of the signal line should be customized to suit different installation environments and signal processing requirements. The PMT power supply line, PMT voltage divider, and PMT signal line, among other components, form a complete detector unit through their connection to the PMT. Connection methods may include pin connections, soldering, or snap-fit ​​connections, depending on the structure and installation requirements of each component. Furthermore, the fixation of these components within the detector unit must consider stability and reliability to ensure long-term stable operation of the detector.

[0088] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the detector portion further includes: a rear cover and a second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure;

[0089] The rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure. The rear cover is used to protect the detector part and to provide an outlet for the power line and signal line of the photomultiplier tube.

[0090] The second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the detector part, and the second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

[0091] Specifically, in this embodiment, the detector part not only includes a photomultiplier tube and its related components, but also adds auxiliary components such as a back cover and a second 3D printed tubular fixing structure to ensure the stability and reliability of the detector part.

[0092] The back cover is a crucial protective component of the detector section. It is typically connected to a second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure, together forming the outer shell of the detector section. The primary function of the back cover is to protect the internal components of the detector section from interference and damage from the external environment. The back cover also provides outlets for the photomultiplier tube (PMT) power and signal cables, allowing these cables to be easily connected to external power supplies and signal processing circuits. Through proper design, the back cover can also serve a heat dissipation function, helping the detector section release heat during operation and maintain a stable temperature. The back cover is usually made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant materials, such as aluminum alloy or stainless steel, to ensure good mechanical properties and durability. The shape and size of the back cover are usually matched to the metal shell of the detector section to ensure a tight connection and form a complete housing. The back cover is typically designed with exit holes or slots that match the PMT power and signal cables, allowing the cables to easily pass through and be secured to the back cover.

[0093] The second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is another important component of the detector section. It is typically connected to the metal casing of the detector section and is used to secure the photomultiplier tube (PMT). The main function of this structure is to provide a stable and reliable support structure for the PMT, preventing it from loosening or being damaged during operation due to vibration or impact. 3D printing technology allows for precise control of the size and shape of the tubular fixing structure to accommodate different PMT models and installation environments. The second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is usually made of high-precision, high-strength 3D printing materials such as nylon, polylactic acid (PLA), or photosensitive resin. The inner wall of the structure can be designed with fixing grooves or clips that match the PMT, ensuring stable mounting. Both ends of the structure typically have connection interfaces that match the metal casing of the detector section, such as threaded interfaces, flange interfaces, or snap-fit ​​interfaces, for a tight connection. (Reference) Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the portable single-photon light source emitter device proposed in the embodiments of this application. The corresponding identifiers for the portable single-photon light source emitter device are: LED 1, LED power line 2, polarizers (front polarizer 3 and rear polarizer 4); first 3D printed tubular fixing structure 5, front cover 6, ball valve 7, photomultiplier tube 9, photomultiplier tube voltage divider 10, photomultiplier tube power line and signal line 11, second 3D printed tubular fixing structure 12, rear cover 13, metal shell of the light source section 8, and metal shell of the detector section 14.

[0094] It is particularly important to note that in this embodiment, the rear cover and the second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure are connected to the metal shell of the detector section via a specific connection method. The connection method may include threaded connections, flange connections, welding, or snap-fit ​​connections, depending on the structure and installation requirements of each component. Simultaneously, the fixing of these components within the detector section must also consider factors such as stability and reliability to ensure the detector can operate stably for a long period. By introducing auxiliary components such as the rear cover and the second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure, the stability and reliability of the detector section are further improved. This design not only protects the internal components of the detector section from interference and damage from the external environment but also provides a convenient outlet and a fixed support structure for the photomultiplier tube power lines and signal lines.

[0095] Based on the first embodiment of this application, in the second embodiment of this application, the same or similar content as the first embodiment described above can be referred to the above description, and will not be repeated hereafter. Figure 4This is a schematic flowchart illustrating the usage method of the portable single-photon source emitter device proposed in this application embodiment. A method for using the portable single-photon source emitter device, the method being applied to the portable single-photon source emitter device, the method comprising the following steps S10 to S30:

[0096] Step S10: Use the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect the output state of the single-photon source signal;

[0097] Step S20: Adjust the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal;

[0098] Step S30: Based on the adjustment result of the light source adjustment parameters, output a stable single-photon light source signal.

[0099] Specifically, in this embodiment, the method is applicable to the portable single-photon source emitter device and includes the steps of using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect, adjust, and ultimately output a stable single-photon source signal.

[0100] Step S10: First, ensure the portable single-photon source emitter device is correctly connected, including key components such as the photomultiplier tube power line, photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and photomultiplier tube signal line. Initialize the device, turn on the power, and check that each component is functioning correctly. After receiving the single-photon source signal, the photomultiplier tube converts it into a weak electrical signal. This electrical signal is transmitted to the signal processing circuit through the photomultiplier tube signal line. The signal processing circuit amplifies, filters, and digitizes the received electrical signal to extract the output state information of the single-photon source signal. Based on the processed electrical signal, determine whether the output state of the single-photon source signal is stable, whether the intensity is appropriate, and whether there is noise interference.

[0101] Step S20 involves gradually changing parameter values ​​and observing their impact on the output state of the single-photon source signal. During the adjustment process, the output state of the single-photon source signal is continuously monitored using the electrical signal fed back from the photomultiplier tube signal line. Based on the feedback results, iterative adjustments are made until the optimal parameter settings are found.

[0102] Step S30: After finding the optimal parameter settings, keep these parameters unchanged. At this time, the portable single-photon source transmitter will output a stable single-photon source signal. The performance of the output single-photon source signal is verified using measurement equipment such as an oscilloscope. Ensure that parameters such as the signal wavelength, intensity, and pulse width meet the design requirements. In practical applications, the portable single-photon source transmitter should be regularly monitored and maintained over a long period. Promptly identify and resolve any potential problems to ensure the device can operate stably for an extended period. The method of using the portable single-photon source transmitter in this embodiment utilizes the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect the output state of the single-photon source signal, and adjusts the corresponding source adjustment parameters based on the detection results, ultimately achieving the goal of stable single-photon source signal output. This method not only improves the stability and reliability of the portable single-photon source transmitter but also provides a solid foundation for subsequent optical experiments and applications.

[0103] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of detecting the output state of the single-photon source signal using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes:

[0104] The light-emitting diode is powered through the power supply line of the light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal;

[0105] The photomultiplier tube is powered through the power supply line, and the signal line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the input terminal of the oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the signal line of the photomultiplier tube.

[0106] Based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, determine whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, we gain a deeper understanding of how to use the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube signal line to detect the output state of the single-photon source signal. This step is crucial to ensuring that the device can stably output high-quality single-photon source signals.

[0108] In portable single-photon light source emitters, light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are typically powered via LED power lines. These power lines convert the electrical energy supplied by the external power source into the driving current required by the LED, thus driving it to emit light. However, due to factors such as LED manufacturing processes, operating environment, and driving current, the output optical signal of the LED may exhibit certain instability. This instability may manifest as fluctuations in optical signal intensity, wavelength drift, and variations in pulse width.

[0109] A photomultiplier tube (PMT) is a highly sensitive optoelectronic device that converts weak light signals into electrical signals. Internally, a PMT contains multiple dynodes. When light shines on the PMT's photocathode, it excites photoelectrons. These photoelectrons are accelerated and collide between the dynodes, generating more secondary electrons, thus amplifying the signal. In portable single-photon source emitter devices, the PMT is typically powered by a photomultiplier tube power line. The voltage provided by the power line is distributed across the various dynodes of the PMT to ensure its proper operation and stable signal output. To observe the waveform of the electrical signal output from the PMT signal line, it needs to be connected to the input of an oscilloscope. An oscilloscope is an instrument that displays the changes in voltage or current over time in real time, providing a visual understanding of the characteristics and stability of the PMT's output signal. Before connecting the oscilloscope, it is essential to ensure that the oscilloscope's input impedance matches the output impedance of the PMT signal line to avoid signal reflection and distortion. Furthermore, the oscilloscope's range and sampling rate parameters need to be set according to the amplitude and frequency range of the PMT's output signal.

[0110] When the PMT receives the optical signal from the LED, it converts it into an electrical signal and transmits it to the oscilloscope via signal lines. The oscilloscope converts the received electrical signal into a voltage waveform and displays it on the screen. By observing the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, one can understand the amplitude, frequency, phase, and waveform shape of the electrical signal output by the PMT. This information is crucial for evaluating the stability and quality of the optical signal output by the LED. When evaluating the stability of the LED's optical signal, it is necessary to pay attention to the stability of the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope. A stable waveform should have a constant amplitude, frequency, and phase, and the waveform shape should remain consistent. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope shows significant fluctuations or changes, it may indicate instability in the LED's optical signal output. In this case, it is necessary to adjust parameters such as the LED's supply voltage, operating environment, and drive current to improve the stability of the optical signal. In addition to focusing on waveform stability, it is also necessary to pay attention to the presence of noise in the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope. Noise usually manifests as random fluctuations or glitches in the waveform, which may be caused by external interference, thermal noise inside the PMT, or dark current. To reduce the impact of noise on waveform analysis, several measures can be taken to reduce noise generation and propagation. For example, low-noise power and signal lines can be used to reduce external interference; additionally, preheating and shielding of the PMT can reduce internal noise.

[0111] After observing and analyzing the waveform on the oscilloscope, the stability of the single-photon source signal output can be determined based on the waveform. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope has a constant amplitude, frequency, and phase, and the waveform shape remains consistent, the light signal output by the LED can be considered stable. In this case, the portable single-photon source transmitter can output a high-quality single-photon source signal. If the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope shows significant fluctuations or changes, it is necessary to adjust parameters such as the LED's power supply voltage, operating environment, and drive current to improve the stability of the light signal. Simultaneously, it is also necessary to check the correct connections and settings of devices such as the PMT and oscilloscope to ensure they function properly and accurately reflect the state of the LED's output light signal. To ensure the long-term stable operation of the portable single-photon source transmitter, regular long-term monitoring and maintenance are required. This includes checking the operating status of key components such as the LED and PMT, adjusting parameters such as drive current and power supply voltage, and cleaning and maintaining the equipment. Through long-term monitoring and maintenance, potential problems can be identified and resolved promptly, ensuring the device can continuously output a high-quality single-photon source signal.

[0112] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of determining whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes:

[0113] When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset range, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the transmitter device is in a stable output state.

[0114] Specifically, in this embodiment, ensuring the output stability of the single-photon source signal is crucial. Therefore, it is necessary to observe and analyze the waveforms of the electrical signals output through the photomultiplier tube signal line using an oscilloscope, thereby determining whether the output state of the single-photon source signal is stable.

[0115] When the output signal occurs approximately once every ten times (i.e., a single photon event) and the signal amplitude remains stable within a certain range (e.g., around 20mV), the light source signal under these conditions can be identified as a single-photon signal. Ensure all adjustment parameters are stable and require no further fine-tuning. The stability and reliability of the single-photon light source can be verified through repeated experiments. At this point, the portable single-photon light source emitter device has successfully generated a stable single-photon light source. The detector section can be detached (if needed), and the adjusted single-photon light source can be used as an independent component to provide a stable single-photon light source for experiments requiring single-photon measurements. An adjusted single-photon light source has its photon emission count, frequency, and wavelength optimized according to experimental requirements. Therefore, when the experiment only requires the light source and not the detector, the detector section can be detached, allowing the single-photon light source to serve as an independent component. By carefully observing and analyzing the waveform output from the photomultiplier tube signal line and adjusting the light source adjustment parameters accordingly, a stable single-photon light source can be successfully output. This process requires patience and meticulous experimental operation, as well as accurate judgment and analysis of the experimental results.

[0116] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal further includes:

[0117] Based on the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, adjust the voltage parameters of the light source section, the angle parameters between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening / closing parameters of the ball valve.

[0118] Specifically, in this embodiment, the signal line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to an oscilloscope or other signal observation equipment. The photomultiplier tube is powered to ensure it is in normal working condition. The electrical signal waveform output by the photomultiplier tube is observed on the oscilloscope. Based on the observed photomultiplier tube signal waveform, the light source adjustment parameters are adjusted to optimize the performance of the single-photon light source. The light source adjustment parameters mainly include the signal source voltage, polarizer angle, and ball valve opening degree.

[0119] By changing the voltage of the light source, the intensity and flux of the incident light can be adjusted. Observe the amplitude and frequency changes of the output signal on an oscilloscope. When the output signal occurs approximately once every ten times (i.e., a single photon event) and the signal amplitude is moderate (e.g., around 20mV), this voltage value is a suitable signal source voltage. Gradually fine-tune the voltage value until the optimal signal source voltage is found. The angle of the two polarizers can be adjusted by rotating the front cover, thereby changing the polarization state and intensity of the incident light. Observe the waveform changes and amplitude and frequency fluctuations of the output signal on an oscilloscope. By fine-tuning the polarizer angles, find the polarizer angle combination that produces the clearest and most stable signal waveform. Adjusting the opening degree of the ball valve can further adjust the intensity of the incident light. Observe the strength changes of the output signal on an oscilloscope, and by adjusting the opening degree of the ball valve, find the optimal opening degree that provides moderate signal strength and good stability. After adjusting the light source adjustment parameters, observe the output signal on the oscilloscope again.

[0120] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and do not limit the patent scope of this application. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made using the content of this application's specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent scope of this application.

Claims

1. A portable single-photon light source emitter device, characterized in that, The device includes a light source section, a detector section, and a device housing section; the light source section includes a light-emitting diode, a polarizer, and a ball valve; the detector section includes a photomultiplier tube; The light-emitting diode is used to generate a single-photon light source signal; The polarizer is connected to the ball valve. The polarizer is used to receive the single-photon source signal and adjust the polarization state of the single-photon source signal. The ball valve is connected to the photomultiplier tube. The ball valve is used to receive the single-photon source signal after polarization state adjustment and to adjust the light intensity of the single-photon source signal. The photomultiplier tube is used to receive the single-photon source signal after the light intensity is adjusted, and to convert the single-photon source signal into a corresponding electrical signal; The polarizer also includes a front polarizer and a rear polarizer; The different angles between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer correspond to the different polarization states of the single-photon source signal.

2. The portable single-photon light source emitter device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer casing of the device also includes a metal tube shell for the light source and a metal tube shell for the detector. The metal casing of the light source and the metal casing of the detector are connected. The metal casing of the light source part is used to protect the light source part and prevent the single photon light source signal from being interfered with by the outside. The metal casing of the detector section is used to protect the detector section and provide electromagnetic shielding for it.

3. The portable single-photon light source emitter device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The light source section also includes a light-emitting diode power line, a front cover, and a first 3D printed tubular fixing structure; The power supply line of the light-emitting diode is connected to the light-emitting diode, and the power supply line of the light-emitting diode is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the light-emitting diode. The front cover is used to fix the light-emitting diode. The first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the light source part, and the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the polarizer.

4. The portable single-photon light source emitter device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The front polarizer is fixed on the front cover at a preset position away from the light-emitting diode, and the rear polarizer is fixed to the front end of the first 3D printed tubular fixing structure.

5. The portable single-photon light source emitter device as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The detector section also includes: a photomultiplier tube power supply line, a photomultiplier tube voltage divider, and a photomultiplier tube signal line; The power line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the power line of the photomultiplier tube is used to transmit the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube; The photomultiplier tube voltage divider is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube voltage divider divides the power supply voltage input to the photomultiplier tube; The photomultiplier tube signal line is connected to the photomultiplier tube, and the photomultiplier tube signal line is used to transmit the electrical signal output by the photomultiplier tube.

6. The portable single-photon light source emitter device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The detector section also includes: a rear cover and a second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure; The rear cover is connected to the second 3D printed tubular fixing structure. The rear cover is used to protect the detector part and to provide an outlet for the power line and signal line of the photomultiplier tube. The second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is connected to the metal shell of the detector part, and the second 3D-printed tubular fixing structure is used to fix the photomultiplier tube.

7. A method of using a portable single-photon light source emitter device, characterized in that, The method is applied to the portable single-photon source emitter device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the method includes the following steps: The output state of the single-photon source signal is detected using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line. Adjust the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal; Based on the adjustment results of the light source adjustment parameters, a stable single-photon light source signal is output.

8. The method of use as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The step of detecting the output state of the single-photon source signal using the electrical signal output from the photomultiplier tube signal line further includes: The light-emitting diode is powered through the power supply line of the light-emitting diode, and the light-emitting diode outputs an unstable single-photon light source signal; The photomultiplier tube is powered through the power supply line, and the signal line of the photomultiplier tube is connected to the input terminal of the oscilloscope to observe the waveform of the electrical signal output by the signal line of the photomultiplier tube. Based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope, determine whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable.

9. The method of use as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of determining whether the output state of the single-photon source signal corresponding to the electrical signal is stable based on the waveform displayed on the oscilloscope further includes: When the waveform of the electrical signal on the oscilloscope appears a preset number of times and the signal amplitude is within a preset range, it is determined that the single-photon light source signal output by the transmitter device is in a stable output state.

10. The method of use as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the corresponding light source adjustment parameters according to the output state of the single-photon light source signal further includes: Based on the output waveform corresponding to the single-photon light source signal, adjust the voltage parameters of the light source section, the angle parameters between the front polarizer and the rear polarizer, and the opening / closing parameters of the ball valve.

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