A high and steep slope vine planting substrate and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of slope greening, and particularly relates to a substrate for planting liana on high and steep slope and a preparation method thereof. A polybutylene succinate solution is mixed with peanut protein powder, and is sprayed on the surface of nutrient granules. The prepared coated slow-release granules are mixed with easily-absorbed small-molecule nutrient prepared by fermentation of a composite microbial agent, and the prepared fermentation-type slow-release nutrient agent can provide sufficient nutrients for liana in a persistent and efficient manner. After being mixed with methyl methacrylate anhydride gelatin, rough and hydrophobic modified conglomerate particles are added to the substrate, so as to prevent the substrate from sliding on the steep slope and promote the discharge of excess water. The base solution is mixed with the viscous substrate composition and the fermentation-type slow-release nutrient agent, and the prepared substrate for planting liana on high and steep slope is not easy to be lost, has strong water retention and drainage properties, and can provide nutrients for liana in a long-term and effective manner.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of slope greening technology, specifically referring to a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] The ecological stability of steep slopes is crucial for preventing soil erosion and maintaining ecological balance. In such environments, vines, with their climbing and covering properties, are an ideal choice for improving slope stability. The planting substrate is one of the key factors ensuring the successful growth of vines on steep slopes. Planting substrates for steep slopes are typically composed of lightweight materials such as vermiculite, perlite, or foam particles. These materials provide the necessary porosity to promote air circulation and water infiltration. Under arid conditions, vines require sufficient water to sustain growth; therefore, organic matter such as leaf mold, peat moss, or coconut coir is added to the substrate. These substances absorb and slowly release water while providing the nutrients needed for plant growth.

[0003] To enhance the stability of the substrate, structural materials are typically added. These materials integrate with the soil and plant roots, increasing the overall stability of the slope, helping plants to better anchor themselves, and reducing erosion caused by weathering or water flow. On steep slopes, planting vines usually involves hydroseeding or hydraulic sowing, spraying the seed-substrate mixture directly onto the slope to ensure germination under optimal growing conditions. As the plants grow, their roots penetrate deep into the soil, helping to stabilize it and reduce erosion.

[0004] Currently, the existing technology for preparing planting substrates for vines on steep slopes has the following problems: First, the existing planting substrates for vines on steep slopes have low stability, weak adhesion and erosion resistance, and are prone to soil erosion; Second, the existing planting substrates for vines on steep slopes have poor drainage and aeration, which cannot drain excess water, leading to root diseases of vines or erosion of the slope; Third, the water retention and nutrient supply and retention capabilities are weak, causing vines to wither and die from drought, and hindering their growth. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. In order to solve the problems of low stability, poor drainage and air permeability, and weak water retention and nutrient retention capacity of existing planting substrates for vines on steep slopes, the present invention uses a viscous substrate composition mixed with a base solution to make a soil substrate, and a fermented slow-release nutrient agent is evenly dispersed in the soil substrate. The resulting planting substrate for vines on steep slopes has strong stability, good drainage and air permeability, and strong water retention and nutrient retention capacity.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: the present invention proposes a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes, wherein the raw materials for preparing the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes specifically include the following components in parts by weight:

[0007] 120-150 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 90-110 parts of viscous matrix composition, 5-8 parts of potassium carbonate, 6-8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7-9 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 4-7 parts of zinc citrate, and 40-70 parts of PBS buffer.

[0008] Preferably, the pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0009] Preferably, the raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 50-60 parts walnut leaves, 20-30 parts animal manure, 15-20 parts hoof and horn powder, 18-33 parts seaweed powder, 40-60 parts sugarcane molasses, 25-35 parts polybutylene succinate, 28-39 parts peanut protein powder, 10-12 parts peat moss, 20-30 parts horsetail grass, 14-19 parts psyllium husk powder, 30-40 parts meat and bone meal, and 9-13 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 60-80 parts bath sponge, 70-80 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 66-74 parts conglomerate, 23-36 parts arachidonic acid, 36-48 parts peat moss, and 30-40 parts leaf mold.

[0010] Preferably, the preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient specifically includes the following steps:

[0011] S1. Using a 1.5-1.8kW pulverizer, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder, pulverize the walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, at a pulverizing temperature of 25-28℃, a pulverizing time of 15-20 minutes, and a pulverizing speed of 3800-4200 r / min. After pulverizing, add sugarcane molasses and put it into a granulator with a power of 2.2-2.6kW. Pelletize the granules at a granulating temperature of 60-80℃, a granulating speed of 350-380 r / min, a granulating time of 25-35 minutes, and a granulation diameter of 2 mm to obtain nutrient granules.

[0012] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a stirring pot with a power of 1.3-1.6kW, stir at a speed of 220-260r / min, stir at a temperature of 23-28℃, and stir for 10-15min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0013] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a mixing pot with a power of 1.3-1.6kW, stir at a speed of 220-250r / min, at a temperature of 23-28℃, and for 8-12min. After stirring evenly, add the mixture to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, stir at a speed of 220-250r / min, at a temperature of 23-28℃, and for 13-18min. After mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained.

[0014] S4. Using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 2.8-3.5kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 25-35min, a spraying temperature of 26-30℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm, the mixed solution prepared in S3 is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1. The mixture is then placed in a dryer with a power of 1.5-1.8kW, a drying temperature of 50-60℃, and a drying time of 15-20min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0015] S5. Using a 1.5-1.8kW grinder, pulverize peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal at a temperature of 25-28℃ for 15-20 minutes and a speed of 3800-4200 r / min. After grinding, put them into a fermentation tank with a power of 2.1-2.5kW and a compound microbial agent at a temperature of 33-38℃ and a speed of 180-230 r / min for 35-40 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0016] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.3-1.6kW, a stirring speed of 150-190r / min, a stirring temperature of 23-28℃, and a stirring time of 35-45min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0017] Further, in step S1, the animal excrement is composed of sheep manure and pig manure, with a weight ratio of 2-3:1; in step S2, the mass fraction of polybutylene succinate in chloroform is 55%-65%; in step S3, the mass fraction of peanut protein powder in ultrapure water is 56%-63%.

[0018] Further, in step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, with a weight ratio of 1-2:1-1.5:1; Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0019] Preferably, the method for preparing the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0020] L1. Place the bath sponge in a cryogenic grinder with a power of 1.5-1.9kW, a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 1800-2200r / min, a grindering time of 15-20min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃ for grinding. Then, place the sponge and methacrylic anhydride gelatin in a mixing pot with a power of 1.3-1.6kW, a mixing speed of 220-250r / min, a mixing temperature of 23-28℃, and a mixing time of 8-12min for mixing to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0021] L2. Place the conglomerate into a rock crusher with a power of 12-15kW, crush at a speed of 1800-2300r / min, at a temperature of 20-30℃, for a duration of 40-50min, until it is crushed into small particles. Then, place it with arachidonic acid into a stirring and heating pot with a power of 2.2-2.6kW, at a temperature of 220℃, for a duration of 4-5.5h, at a speed of 110-130r / min. After the reaction, keep it at this temperature for 1-2h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0022] L3. Add the modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, peat soil, and leaf mold into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. Stir at a speed of 220-250 r / min, at a temperature of 23-28℃, and for 30-40 min until a homogeneous adhesive matrix composition is obtained.

[0023] This invention also proposes a method for preparing a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0024] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a stirring pot with a power of 1.3-1.6kW, stir at a speed of 220-250r / min, stir at a temperature of 23-28℃, stir for 15-20min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0025] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at a speed of 230-280 r / min, at a temperature of 23-28℃, and for 20-30 min to mix and obtain the soil matrix;

[0026] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 1.8-2.3kW, disperse for 30-45 minutes, disperse at a temperature of 20-30℃, and disperse at a speed of 5000-7000r / min to disperse evenly and obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0027] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are as follows:

[0028] This invention utilizes walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder, which are pulverized and granulated to obtain nutrient granules rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and various growth-promoting endogenous plant hormones. Peanut protein powder is dissolved in ultrapure water and mixed with a polybutylene succinate solution, then sprayed onto the surface of the nutrient granules. After drying, a microbial-degradable coating is formed on the surface of the nutrient granules. The resulting coated slow-release granules can control the nutrient release rate, ensuring long-term nutrient absorption by vines. Additionally, pulverized peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal are mixed with a mixture containing *Vibrio lataniae*, *Pseudomonas floribunda*, and *Syngonium spp.* Fermentation of a compound microbial agent yields rapidly absorbable nutrients that can be efficiently absorbed by vines in their early growth stages. This compound microbial agent not only breaks down large molecules like cellulose, sugars, and proteins into easily absorbed smaller molecules, but also secretes growth-promoting plant hormones and antibiotics, helping vines quickly adapt to steep slope environments. Mixing this rapidly absorbent nutrient with coated slow-release granules creates a fermented slow-release nutrient solution that provides a sustained and efficient supply of nutrients to vines. Furthermore, highly absorbent, porous bath sponges undergo freeze-milling to increase the number of pores and enhance water absorption and retention. This is combined with biodegradable methylpropionic acid... Arachidonic acid anhydride gelatin is mixed with coarse conglomerate particles, which are then crushed into small particles and heated. The carboxyl groups in the arachidonic acid react chemically with the hydroxyl groups formed on the conglomerate surface after activation, modifying the surface of the conglomerate to be hydrophobic. This not only increases the friction of the planting substrate, preventing landslides on steep slopes due to gravity, but also promotes the drainage of excess water. The methacrylic acid anhydride gelatin has a three-dimensional network structure, which, when mixed with modified conglomerate particles, peat moss, and leaf mold, provides more adhesion points, enhancing the stability and adhesion of the adhesive substrate composition. A base containing potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, boron sugar alcohol, and zinc citrate is also included. The solution is mixed with a viscous matrix composition and a fermented slow-release nutrient agent to supplement the trace elements required for the growth of vines on steep slopes, provide a suitable pH for the growth of vines, and the compound microbial agent in the fermented slow-release nutrient agent can promote the formation of soil aggregates. Together with the viscous matrix composition, it further improves the stability and drainage of the planting substrate. The resulting planting substrate for vines on steep slopes is stable, not easily lost, can drain excess water, contains a porous structure that is conducive to the penetration and expansion of plant roots, provides sufficient space for the roots, and has strong water retention, nutrient supply and retention capabilities, and can provide nutrient components for vines for a long time. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in this invention or the prior art, the following description will be provided in a clear and easy-to-understand manner in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely for this invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the finished coated sustained-release granules of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the finished modified conglomerate particles described in this invention.

[0032] Figure 3 This is a graph showing the adhesion results of the planting substrate sample described in Experimental Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a graph showing the water release results of the planting substrate sample described in Experiment Example 2 of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a graph showing the drainage results of the planting substrate sample described in Experiment Example 2 of this invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a diagram showing the plant height of the Chinese ivy described in Experimental Example 3 of this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those familiar to those skilled in the art. Furthermore, any methods and materials similar to or equivalent to those described herein may be applied to this invention. The preferred embodiments and materials described herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not limit the scope of this application.

[0038] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods; unless otherwise specified, the experimental materials and test strains used in the following examples were purchased from commercial channels.

[0039] Example 1: This example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The planting substrate for vines on steep slopes comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0040] 120 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 90 parts of viscous matrix composition, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 4 parts of zinc citrate, and 40 parts of PBS buffer.

[0041] The pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0042] The raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts walnut leaves, 20 parts animal manure, 15 parts hoof and horn powder, 18 parts seaweed powder, 40 parts sugarcane molasses, 25 parts polybutylene succinate, 28 parts peanut protein powder, 10 parts peat moss, 20 parts horsetail grass, 14 parts psyllium husk powder, 30 parts meat and bone meal, and 9 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts bath sponge, 70 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 66 parts conglomerate, 23 parts arachidonic acid, 36 parts peat moss, and 30 parts leaf mold.

[0043] The preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0044] S1. Walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder are ground using a 1.5kW grinder at 25℃ for 15 minutes at a speed of 3800 rpm. After grinding, sugarcane molasses is added and placed in a 2.2kW granulator at 60℃ for 25 minutes at a speed of 350 rpm to obtain nutrient granules with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0045] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a stirring pot with a power of 1.3kW, stir at a speed of 220r / min, stir at a temperature of 23℃, and stir for 10min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0046] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a 1.3kW mixing pot, stir at 220r / min, at 23℃ for 8min, stir evenly and add to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, stir at 220r / min, at 23℃ for 13min, and mix well to obtain a mixed solution;

[0047] S4. The mixed solution prepared in S3 is sprayed evenly onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1 using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 2.8kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 25min, a spraying temperature of 26℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm. Then, it is placed in a dryer with a power of 1.5kW, a drying temperature of 50℃, and a drying time of 15min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0048] S5. Using a 1.5kW grinder, peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, grind the ingredients at a temperature of 25℃ for 15 minutes and a speed of 3800 r / min. Then, put them into a 2.1kW fermentation tank with the compound microbial agent. Ferment at a temperature of 33℃ and a speed of 180 r / min for 35 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0049] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.3kW, a stirring speed of 150r / min, a stirring temperature of 23℃, and a stirring time of 35min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0050] In step S1, the animal excrement is composed of sheep manure and pig manure, with a weight ratio of 2:1; in step S2, the polybutylene succinate has a mass fraction of 55% in chloroform; in step S3, the peanut protein powder has a mass fraction of 56% in ultrapure water.

[0051] In step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1. Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0052] The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] L1. Place the bath sponge in a 1.5kW cryogenic grinder, with a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 1800r / min, a grindering time of 15min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃, and grind it. Then, place it in a 1.3kW mixing pot, with a mixing speed of 220r / min, a mixing temperature of 23℃, and a mixing time of 8min, and mix it to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0054] L2. The conglomerate was placed in a 12kW rock crusher at a crushing speed of 1800r / min, a crushing temperature of 20℃, and a crushing time of 40min to crush it into small particles. The particles were then placed in a 2.2kW stirring and heating pot with arachidonic acid at a stirring and heating temperature of 220℃ for 4h and a stirring and heating speed of 110r / min. After the reaction, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 1h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0055] L3. The modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, along with peat moss and leaf mold, are placed into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. The stirring speed is 220 r / min, the stirring temperature is 23℃, and the stirring time is 30 min. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a sticky matrix composition.

[0056] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a 1.3kW stirring pot, stir at 220r / min, stir at 23℃ for 15min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0058] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at 230 r / min, stir at 23℃ for 20 min, and mix to obtain the soil matrix;

[0059] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 1.8kW, disperse for 30 minutes, disperse at a temperature of 20℃, and disperse at a speed of 5000r / min to disperse evenly and obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0060] Example 2: This example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The planting substrate for vines on steep slopes comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0061] 135 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 100 parts of viscous matrix composition, 6 parts of potassium carbonate, 7 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 5 parts of zinc citrate, and 50 parts of PBS buffer.

[0062] The pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0063] The raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 55 parts walnut leaves, 25 parts animal manure, 18 parts hoof and horn powder, 26 parts seaweed powder, 50 parts sugarcane molasses, 30 parts polybutylene succinate, 32 parts peanut protein powder, 11 parts peat moss, 25 parts horsetail grass, 16 parts psyllium husk powder, 35 parts meat and bone meal, and 11 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 70 parts bath sponge, 75 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 70 parts conglomerate, 30 parts arachidonic acid, 42 parts peat soil, and 35 parts leaf mold.

[0064] The preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0065] S1. Walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder are ground using a 1.6kW grinder at 26℃ for 18 minutes at a speed of 4000 rpm. After grinding, sugarcane molasses is added and placed in a 2.4kW granulator at 70℃ for 30 minutes at a speed of 360 rpm to obtain nutrient granules with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0066] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a stirring pot with a power of 1.4kW, stir at a speed of 240r / min, stir at a temperature of 26℃, and stir for 13min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0067] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a 1.5kW mixing pot, stir at 240r / min, at 25℃ for 10min, stir evenly and add to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, stir at 240r / min, at 26℃ for 15min, and mix well to obtain a mixed solution.

[0068] S4. The mixed solution prepared in S3 is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1 using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 3.2kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 30min, a spraying temperature of 28℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm. Then, it is placed in a dryer with a power of 1.6kW, a drying temperature of 55℃, and a drying time of 18min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0069] S5. Using a 1.6kW grinder, peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, grind the ingredients at a temperature of 27℃ for 18 minutes and a speed of 4000 r / min. Then, put them into a 2.3kW fermentation tank with the compound microbial agent. Ferment at a temperature of 35℃ and a speed of 200 r / min for 38 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0070] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.5kW, a stirring speed of 170r / min, a stirring temperature of 26℃, and a stirring time of 40min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0071] In step S1, the animal excrement is composed of sheep manure and pig manure, with a weight ratio of 2.5:1; in step S2, the polybutylene succinate has a mass fraction of 60% in chloroform; in step S3, the peanut protein powder has a mass fraction of 60% in ultrapure water.

[0072] In step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, with a weight ratio of 1.5:1.3:1. Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0073] The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0074] L1. Place the bath sponge in a 1.7kW cryogenic grinder, with a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 2000r / min, a grindering time of 18min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃, and grind it. Then, place it in a 1.5kW mixing pot, with a mixing speed of 230r / min, a mixing temperature of 25℃, and a mixing time of 10min, and mix it to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0075] L2. The conglomerate was placed in a 14kW rock crusher at a crushing speed of 2000r / min, a crushing temperature of 25℃, and a crushing time of 45min to crush it into small particles. The particles were then placed in a 2.4kW stirring and heating pot with arachidonic acid at a stirring and heating temperature of 220℃ for 5h and a stirring and heating speed of 120r / min. After the reaction, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 1.5h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0076] L3. The modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, along with peat moss and leaf mold, are placed into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. The stirring speed is 230 r / min, the stirring temperature is 25℃, and the stirring time is 35 min. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a viscous matrix composition.

[0077] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0078] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a 1.5kW mixing tank, stir at 240r / min, stir at 25℃ for 18min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0079] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at 260 r / min, at 25℃, for 25 min, and mix to obtain the soil matrix;

[0080] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 2.1kW, disperse for 35 minutes, disperse at a temperature of 26℃, and disperse at a speed of 6000r / min to disperse evenly and obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0081] Example 3: This example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The planting substrate for vines on steep slopes comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0082] 150 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 110 parts of viscous matrix composition, 8 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 9 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 7 parts of zinc citrate, and 70 parts of PBS buffer.

[0083] The pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0084] The raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 60 parts walnut leaves, 30 parts animal manure, 20 parts hoof and horn powder, 33 parts seaweed powder, 60 parts sugarcane molasses, 35 parts polybutylene succinate, 39 parts peanut protein powder, 12 parts peat moss, 30 parts horsetail grass, 19 parts psyllium husk powder, 40 parts meat and bone meal, and 13 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 80 parts bath sponge, 80 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 74 parts conglomerate, 36 parts arachidonic acid, 48 parts peat soil, and 40 parts leaf mold.

[0085] The preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0086] S1. Walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder are ground using a 1.8kW grinder at 28℃ for 20 minutes at a speed of 4200 rpm. After grinding, sugarcane molasses is added and placed in a 2.6kW granulator at 80℃ for 380 rpm for 35 minutes to obtain 2mm granules.

[0087] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a stirring pot with a power of 1.6kW, stir at a speed of 260r / min, stir at a temperature of 28℃, and stir for 15min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0088] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a 1.6kW mixing pot, with a stirring speed of 250r / min, a stirring temperature of 28℃, and a stirring time of 12min. After stirring evenly, add the mixture to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, with a stirring speed of 250r / min, a stirring temperature of 28℃, and a stirring time of 18min. After mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained.

[0089] S4. The mixed solution prepared in S3 is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1 using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 3.5kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 35min, a spraying temperature of 30℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm. Then, it is placed in a dryer with a power of 1.8kW, a drying temperature of 60℃, and a drying time of 20min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0090] S5. Using a 1.8kW grinder, peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, grind the ingredients at a temperature of 28℃ for 20 minutes and a speed of 4200 r / min. Then, put them into a 2.5kW fermentation tank with a compound microbial agent. Ferment at a temperature of 38℃ and a speed of 230 r / min for 40 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0091] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.6kW, a stirring speed of 190r / min, a stirring temperature of 28℃, and a stirring time of 45min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0092] In step S1, the animal feces consist of sheep feces and pig feces, mixed in a weight ratio of 3:1; in step S2, the polybutylene succinate has a mass fraction of 65% in chloroform; in step S3, the peanut protein powder has a mass fraction of 63% in ultrapure water.

[0093] In step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, with a weight ratio of 2:1.5:1. Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0094] The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0095] L1. Place the bath sponge in a 1.9kW cryogenic grinder, with a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 2200r / min, a grindering time of 20min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃, and grind it. Then, place it in a 1.6kW mixing pot, with a mixing speed of 250r / min, a mixing temperature of 28℃, and a mixing time of 12min, and mix it to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0096] L2. The conglomerate was placed in a 15kW rock crusher at a crushing speed of 2300r / min, a crushing temperature of 30℃, and a crushing time of 50min to crush it into small particles. The particles were then placed in a 2.6kW stirring and heating pot with arachidonic acid at a stirring and heating temperature of 220℃ for 5.5h and a stirring and heating speed of 130r / min. After the reaction, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 2h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0097] L3. The modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, along with peat moss and leaf mold, are placed into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. The stirring speed is 250 r / min, the stirring temperature is 28℃, and the stirring time is 40 min. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a sticky matrix composition.

[0098] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0099] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a 1.6kW mixing tank, stir at 250r / min, stir at 28℃ for 20min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0100] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at 280 r / min, at 28℃, for 30 min, and mix to obtain the soil matrix;

[0101] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 2.3kW, disperse for 45 minutes, disperse at a temperature of 30℃, and disperse at a speed of 7000r / min to disperse evenly and obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0102] Example 4: This example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The planting substrate for vines on steep slopes comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0103] 125 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 95 parts of viscous matrix composition, 5 parts of potassium carbonate, 7 parts of magnesium sulfate, 7 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 5 parts of zinc citrate, and 48 parts of PBS buffer.

[0104] The pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0105] The raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 53 parts walnut leaves, 22 parts animal manure, 17 parts hoof and horn powder, 23 parts seaweed powder, 48 parts sugarcane molasses, 27 parts polybutylene succinate, 30 parts peanut protein powder, 10 parts peat moss, 24 parts horsetail grass, 15 parts psyllium husk powder, 33 parts meat and bone meal, and 10 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 65 parts bath sponge, 73 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 68 parts conglomerate, 26 parts arachidonic acid, 39 parts peat soil, and 34 parts leaf mold.

[0106] The preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0107] S1. Walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder are ground using a 1.5kW grinder at 25℃ for 17 minutes at a speed of 3900 rpm. After grinding, sugarcane molasses is added and placed in a 2.3kW granulator at 65℃ for 28 minutes at a speed of 350 rpm to obtain nutrient granules with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0108] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a stirring pot with a power of 1.4kW, stir at a speed of 230r / min, stir at a temperature of 25℃, and stir for 12min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0109] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a 1.4kW mixing pot, stir at 230r / min, at 24℃, for 9min, stir until homogeneous, add to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, stir at 230r / min, at 25℃, for 14min, mix until homogeneous to obtain a mixed solution;

[0110] S4. The mixed solution prepared in S3 is evenly sprayed onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1 using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 3.1kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 30min, a spraying temperature of 27℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm. Then, it is placed in a dryer with a power of 1.5kW, a drying temperature of 53℃, and a drying time of 16min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0111] S5. Using a 1.5kW grinder, peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, grind the ingredients at a temperature of 26℃ for 17 minutes and a speed of 3900 r / min. Then, put the powdered ingredients and compound microbial agent into a 2.2kW fermentation tank. Ferment at a temperature of 34℃ and a speed of 190 r / min for 37 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0112] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.4kW, a stirring speed of 160r / min, a stirring temperature of 25℃, and a stirring time of 38min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0113] In step S1, the animal feces consist of sheep feces and pig feces, with a weight ratio of 2.3:1; in step S2, the polybutylene succinate has a mass fraction of 58% in chloroform; in step S3, the peanut protein powder has a mass fraction of 59% in ultrapure water.

[0114] In step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, with a weight ratio of 1.3:1.2:1. Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0115] The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0116] L1. Place the bath sponge in a 1.6kW cryogenic grinder, with a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 1900r / min, a grindering time of 17min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃. Grind the sponge and mix it with methacrylic anhydride gelatin. Then, place the mixture in a 1.4kW mixing pot, with a mixing speed of 220r / min, a mixing temperature of 24℃, and a mixing time of 9min to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0117] L2. The conglomerate was placed in a 13kW rock crusher at a crushing speed of 1900r / min, a crushing temperature of 23℃, and a crushing time of 43min, and crushed into small particles. The particles were then placed in a 2.3kW stirring and heating pot with arachidonic acid at a stirring and heating temperature of 220℃ for 4.5h and a stirring and heating speed of 110r / min. After the reaction, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 1.4h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0118] L3. The modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, along with peat moss and leaf mold, are placed into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. The stirring speed is 220 r / min, the stirring temperature is 24℃, and the stirring time is 33 min. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a viscous matrix composition.

[0119] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0120] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a 1.4kW stirring pot, stir at 230r / min, stir at 24℃ for 17min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0121] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at 250 r / min, at 24℃, and for 23 min to mix, and obtain the soil matrix;

[0122] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 1.9kW. The dispersion time is 34 minutes, the dispersion temperature is 25℃, and the dispersion speed is 5000r / min. Disperse evenly to obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0123] Example 5: This example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The planting substrate for vines on steep slopes comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0124] 145 parts of fermented slow-release nutrient, 108 parts of viscous matrix composition, 7 parts of potassium carbonate, 8 parts of magnesium sulfate, 8 parts of sugar alcohol boron, 6 parts of zinc citrate, and 60 parts of PBS buffer.

[0125] The pH value of the PBS buffer is 7.4.

[0126] The raw materials for preparing the fermented slow-release nutrient agent include the following components in parts by weight: 58 parts walnut leaves, 28 parts animal manure, 19 parts hoof and horn powder, 30 parts seaweed powder, 55 parts sugarcane molasses, 33 parts polybutylene succinate, 36 parts peanut protein powder, 12 parts peat moss, 28 parts horsetail grass, 18 parts psyllium husk powder, 37 parts meat and bone meal, and 12 parts compound microbial agent; the raw materials for preparing the viscous matrix composition include the following components in parts by weight: 75 parts bath sponge, 78 parts methacrylic anhydride gelatin, 72 parts conglomerate, 33 parts arachidonic acid, 46 parts peat moss, and 38 parts leaf mold.

[0127] The preparation method of the fermented slow-release nutrient agent specifically includes the following steps:

[0128] S1. Walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof and horn powder, and seaweed powder are ground using a 1.7kW grinder at 27℃ for 19 minutes at a speed of 4100 rpm. After grinding, sugarcane molasses is added and placed in a 2.5kW granulator at 75℃ for 370 rpm for 32 minutes to obtain nutrient granules with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0129] S2. Place polybutylene succinate and chloroform into a 1.5kW stirring pot, stir at 250r / min, stir at 27℃, and stir for 14min to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution.

[0130] S3. Place peanut protein powder and ultrapure water into a 1.6kW mixing pot, with a stirring speed of 250r / min, a stirring temperature of 27℃, and a stirring time of 11min. After stirring evenly, add the mixture to the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2, with a stirring speed of 240r / min, a stirring temperature of 27℃, and a stirring time of 17min. After mixing evenly, a mixed solution is obtained.

[0131] S4. The mixed solution prepared in S3 is sprayed evenly onto the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1 using a high-pressure sprayer with a power of 3.3kW, a spraying pressure of 5MPa, a spraying time of 32min, a spraying temperature of 29℃, and a nozzle diameter of 1.8mm. Then, it is placed in a dryer with a power of 1.7kW, a drying temperature of 58℃, and a drying time of 19min. After drying, coated slow-release granules are obtained.

[0132] S5. Using a 1.7kW grinder, peat moss, horsetail grass, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, grind the ingredients at a temperature of 27℃ for 19 minutes and a speed of 4100 r / min. Then, put them into a 2.4kW fermentation tank with the compound microbial agent. Ferment at a temperature of 37℃ and a speed of 220 r / min for 39 days to obtain rapidly absorbable nutrients.

[0133] S6. Place the rapidly absorbable nutrients prepared in S5 and the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 into a mixing pot with a power of 1.6kW, a stirring speed of 180r / min, a stirring temperature of 27℃, and a stirring time of 43min to mix them and obtain a fermented slow-release nutrient.

[0134] In step S1, the animal excrement is composed of sheep manure and pig manure, with a weight ratio of 2.8:1; in step S2, the polybutylene succinate has a mass fraction of 64% in chloroform; in step S3, the peanut protein powder has a mass fraction of 62% in ultrapure water.

[0135] In step S5, the compound microbial agent consists of Vibrio Atlantica, Pseudomonas berriesii, and Azotobacter mollissima, with a weight ratio of 1.8:1.4:1. Vibrio Atlantica was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.15845; Pseudomonas berriesii was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.7751; and Azotobacter mollissima was purchased from the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC) with accession number CGMCC1.5340.

[0136] The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically includes the following steps:

[0137] L1. Place the bath sponge in a 1.8kW cryogenic grinder, with a cryogenic grinder frequency of 70Hz, a cryogenic grinder speed of 2100r / min, a grindering time of 19min, and a grindering temperature of -10℃, and grind it. Then, place it in a 1.5kW mixing pot, with a mixing speed of 240r / min, a mixing temperature of 27℃, and a mixing time of 11min, and mix it to obtain a water-retaining adhesive.

[0138] L2. The conglomerate was placed in a 14kW rock crusher at a crushing speed of 2200r / min, a crushing temperature of 28℃, and a crushing time of 47min to crush it into small particles. The particles were then placed in a 2.5kW stirring and heating pot with arachidonic acid at a stirring and heating temperature of 220℃ for 5.3h and a stirring and heating speed of 130r / min. After the reaction, the mixture was kept at this temperature for 1.8h to obtain modified conglomerate particles.

[0139] L3. The modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, along with peat moss and leaf mold, are placed into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1. The stirring speed is 240 r / min, the stirring temperature is 27℃, and the stirring time is 38 min. The mixture is stirred evenly to obtain a viscous matrix composition.

[0140] This embodiment also provides a method for preparing a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0141] Step 1: Place potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, zinc citrate and PBS buffer into a 1.6kW stirring pot, stir at 250r / min, stir at 26℃ for 19min, and mix well to obtain the basic solution.

[0142] Step 2: Place the viscous matrix composition into the base solution prepared in Step 1, stir at a speed of 270 r / min, a stirring temperature of 26℃, and a stirring time of 28 min to mix and obtain the soil matrix;

[0143] Step 3: Place the fermented slow-release nutrient agent and the soil substrate prepared in Step 2 into a disperser with a power of 2.2kW, disperse for 42 minutes, disperse at a temperature of 28℃, and disperse at a speed of 7000r / min to disperse evenly and obtain a planting substrate suitable for vine plants on steep slopes.

[0144] Comparative Example 1: This comparative example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The only difference from Example 1 is that the added components do not contain fermented slow-release nutrients. The other components, component contents, and method steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0145] Comparative Example 2: This comparative example provides a planting substrate for vines on steep slopes and its preparation method. The only difference from Example 1 is that the added components do not contain the adhesive substrate composition. The other components, component contents, and method steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0146] Experimental Example 1: Adhesion Test.

[0147] The adhesion test steps for the planting substrates for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 of this invention are as follows:

[0148] (1) 250g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 were weighed as planting substrate samples of Examples 1-5, 250g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 were weighed as planting substrate samples of Comparative Examples, and 250g of ordinary vine planting substrate (purchased from Chengdu Qianqi Flower and Tree Co., Ltd.) was weighed as planting substrate sample of CK control group. The moisture content of all planting substrate samples was measured using a soil moisture meter and adjusted to 30%.

[0149] (2) Fill the planting substrate samples of Examples 1-5, Comparative Examples 1-2, and CK control group in step (1) into the sample cups, fill them completely without leaving any gaps, and fill them tightly into the sample cups so that the planting substrate samples of each group are about 0.5 mm above the mouth of the cup.

[0150] (3) Place the sample cup containing the planting substrate sample from step (2) on the base of the adhesion tester, align the pressure plate with the mouth of the planting substrate cup, make the flat surface of the pressure plate contact the ground, set the test parameters, apply a pressure of 2 kg, hold for 30 s, start the test, the pressure plate will automatically press down, and after the holding time is reached, it will automatically rise until each group of planting substrate samples is broken, and the force value recorded is the adhesion force of each group of planting substrate samples.

[0151] Results analysis:

[0152] Figure 3 The figure shows the adhesion results of the planting substrate samples described in Experiment 1 of this invention. As shown in the figure, the adhesion of the planting substrates suitable for vines on steep slopes described in Examples 1-5 is 8.1 N / g, 8.2 N / g, 8.6 N / g, 8.2 N / g, and 8.4 N / g, respectively. The adhesion of the planting substrates for vines on steep slopes described in Comparative Examples 1-2 is 7.4 N / g and 3.5 N / g, respectively. The adhesion of the ordinary vine planting substrate described in the control group is 2.8 N / g. This indicates that the compound microbial agent in the fermented slow-release nutrient agent in the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in this invention can promote the formation of soil aggregates and, in conjunction with the adhesive substrate composition, effectively improve the adhesion of the planting substrate, making it less prone to soil erosion.

[0153] Experimental Example 2: Test on water retention and drainage performance.

[0154] The test steps for determining the water retention and drainage properties of the planting substrates for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 of this invention are as follows:

[0155] (1) Weigh 100g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 as planting substrate samples of Examples 1-5, weigh 100g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 as planting substrate samples of Comparative Examples, and weigh 100g of ordinary vine planting substrate (purchased from Chengdu Qianqi Flower and Tree Co., Ltd.) as planting substrate samples of the CK control group. Place each group of planting substrate samples in a 2000mL beaker, quickly add 1000mL of distilled water, stir for 5min, filter for 10min to completely remove excess water, and obtain the water-absorbed planting substrate samples.

[0156] (2) After each group of water-absorbing planting substrate samples in step (1), they were loaded into a ring and compacted. The ring containing the water-absorbing planting substrate samples was placed in a soil pressure tester and a pressure of 12.21 kPa was applied to simulate the pressure state of water in the planting substrate on a steep slope. The amount of water released by each group of planting substrate samples at a pressure of 12.21 kPa was recorded. The amount of water released by each group of planting substrate samples was collected using a graduated cylinder. The measurement was performed once every 20 minutes for a total of 9 times.

[0157] (3) Weigh 100g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 as planting substrate samples of Examples 1-5, weigh 100g of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Comparative Examples 1-2 as planting substrate samples of Comparative Examples, and weigh 100g of ordinary vine planting substrate (purchased from Chengdu Qianqi Flower and Tree Co., Ltd.) as planting substrate samples of the CK control group. Put each group of planting substrate samples into a drainage tube and add water until saturated to ensure that the solid components of each group of planting substrate samples are filled with water to obtain saturated planting substrate samples.

[0158] (4) After laying the saturated planting substrate samples of each group in step (3) flat, place them in a horizontal position to ensure that water can flow out from the hole at the bottom of the drain tube. Pour 150mL of ultrapure water into each group of saturated planting substrate samples, collect the drained water using a graduated cylinder, measure the amount of drained water every 30 minutes, and record the results after 8 consecutive measurements.

[0159] Results analysis:

[0160] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the finished modified conglomerate particles described in this invention. Figure 4The figure shows the results of water release from the planting substrate sample described in Experimental Example 2 of this invention. As shown in the figure, the ring cutter containing the water-absorbing planting substrate sample was placed in a soil pressure testing machine, and a pressure of 12.21 kPa was applied to simulate the pressure state of water in the planting substrate on a steep slope. At the 3rd hour, the water released from the planting substrate samples suitable for vines on steep slopes described in Examples 1-5 were 1.2 mL, 1 mL, 0.7 mL, 1.1 mL, and 0.9 mL, respectively. The water released from the planting substrate samples for vines on steep slopes described in Comparative Examples 1-2 were 1.7 mL and 4.1 mL, respectively, while the water released from the ordinary vine planting substrate sample in the control group was 4.6 mL. Figure 5 The figure shows the drainage results of the planting substrate samples described in Experimental Example 2 of this invention. Each group of planting substrate samples was placed in a drainage cylinder, water was added until saturated, and the samples were leveled and placed in a horizontal position. 150 mL of ultrapure water was poured into each group of saturated planting substrate samples, and the drained water was collected using a graduated cylinder. At 4 hours, the drainage volumes of the planting substrate samples suitable for vines on steep slopes described in Examples 1-5 under saturated conditions were 141.3 mL, 142.6 mL, 143.1 mL, 141.7 mL, and 142.8 mL, respectively. The drainage volumes of the planting substrate samples for vines on steep slopes described in Comparative Examples 1-2 under saturated conditions were 129.4 mL and 81.4 mL, respectively. The drainage volume of the ordinary vine planting substrate sample in the control group under saturated conditions was 34.8 mL. This indicates that the viscous substrate composition in the planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes prepared in this invention can improve the water absorption and retention of the planting substrate, and can also promote the drainage of excess water, preventing root rot.

[0161] Experimental Example 3: Determination of Long-Term Nutritional Supply

[0162] The experimental steps for determining the long-term nutrient supply of the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in Examples 1-5 of this invention are as follows:

[0163] (1) Eight test plots of steep slope were prepared and divided into five experimental groups, two comparative groups and one control group. The experimental group used a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, the comparative group used a planting substrate suitable for vines on steep slopes, and the control group used a common planting substrate for vines (purchased from Chengdu Qianqi Flower and Tree Co., Ltd.). 100 kg of each group of Chinese ivy seedlings with a plant height of 10 cm were transplanted. The planting substrate of each group was mixed with ultrapure water at a weight ratio of 1:0.2. After being mixed evenly, the substrate was used. The seedlings were transplanted at an equal distance of 10×10 cm in each test plot. The height of the Chinese ivy seedlings was recorded every 20 days for 160 days. The leaf morphology and stem condition of each group of Chinese ivy were observed on the 160th day and recorded in Table 1. No external fertilizer was applied during the period.

[0164] Table 1. Growth status of Chinese ivy on day 160.

[0165]

[0166]

[0167] Results analysis:

[0168] Figure 1 This is a picture of the finished coated sustained-release granules of the present invention. Figure 6 The results of the height of the Chinese ivy plant described in Experimental Example 3 of this invention are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown in Example 1, the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes was used to transplant 10cm tall Chinese ivy seedlings. The seedling height was recorded every 20 days, and the height changes over 160 days were 36.5cm, 54.3cm, 81.2cm, 108.7cm, 126.4cm, 150.7cm, 174.2cm, and 196.9cm. On day 160, the leaves of the Chinese ivy were bright green and glossy, without yellowing or spots, and the stems were robust. (Comparative Example 1...) The planting substrate for climbing plants on steep slopes described in Example 2 was used to transplant 10cm tall Chinese ivy seedlings. The seedling height was recorded every 20 days, and the changes in seedling height over 160 days were 22.3cm, 35.2cm, 43.7cm, 53.6cm, 62.4cm, 73.5cm, 74.2cm, and 75.1cm. At day 160, the leaves of the Chinese ivy were pale green, dull, and had slight spots; the stems were slender. (Comparative Example 2: The planting substrate for climbing plants on steep slopes described in Example 2 was used to transplant 10cm tall Chinese ivy seedlings.) Chinese ivy seedlings with a height of 10cm were used. The seedling height was recorded every 20 days for 160 days, showing changes of 31.4cm, 46.3cm, 72.5cm, 86.9cm, 98.5cm, 114.7cm, 123.6cm, and 134.5cm. At day 160, the leaves were bright green and glossy, with some leaves turning yellow, and the stems were relatively thick. The control group was planted in a common vine substrate with the transplanted 10cm tall Chinese ivy seedlings. The height of the seedlings was recorded every 20 days. The height of Chinese ivy seedlings was recorded over 160 days, showing changes of 21.2cm, 34.9cm, 42.5cm, 51.7cm, 60.3cm, 70.4cm, 76.7cm, and 83.5cm. On day 160, the leaves of the Chinese ivy were pale green, dull, and showed yellow spots, and the stems were slender. This indicates that the planting substrate for vines on steep slopes prepared in this invention can help vines quickly adapt to the growth environment on steep slopes and provide them with sufficient nutrients in a long-term and efficient manner.

[0169] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0170] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention. The actual application is not limited to this. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar methods and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vine planting substrate suitable for high and steep slopes, characterized by, The preparation raw materials of the high and steep slope vine planting substrate suitable for the high and steep slope vine planting substrate comprise the following components by weight: The fermentation type slow-release nutrient agent 120-150 parts, the viscous matrix composition 90-110 parts, potassium carbonate 5-8 parts, magnesium sulfate 6-8 parts, sugar alcohol boron 7-9 parts, zinc citrate 4-7 parts, PBS buffer 40-70 parts; The PBS buffer has a pH value of 7.4; The preparation raw materials of the fermentation type slow-release nutrient agent comprise the following components by weight: walnut leaves 50-60 parts, animal manure 20-30 parts, hoof horn powder 15-20 parts, enteromorpha powder 18-33 parts, sugarcane molasses 40-60 parts, polybutylene succinate 25-35 parts, peanut protein powder 28-39 parts, sphagnum moss 10-12 parts, asparagus setaceus 20-30 parts, psyllium husk powder 14-19 parts, meat and bone meal 30-40 parts, and compound microbial agent 9-13 parts; The preparation raw materials of the viscous matrix composition comprise the following components by weight: bathing angle bone sponges 60-80 parts, methyl methacrylate anhydride gelatin 70-80 parts, conglomerate 66-74 parts, arachidonic acid 23-36 parts, peat soil 36-48 parts, and rotten leaf soil 30-40 parts; The preparation method of the fermentation type slow-release nutrient agent specifically comprises the following steps: S1, grinding walnut leaves, animal manure, hoof horn powder, and enteromorpha powder, granulating with sugarcane molasses to obtain nutrient granules; S2, dissolving polybutylene succinate in chloroform to obtain a polybutylene succinate solution; S3, stirring and mixing peanut protein powder and ultrapure water, and adding them into the polybutylene succinate solution prepared in S2 to obtain a mixed solution; S4, high-pressure spraying the mixed solution prepared in S3 on the surface of the nutrient granules prepared in S1, and drying to obtain coated slow-release granules; S5, grinding sphagnum moss, asparagus setaceus, psyllium husk powder, and meat and bone meal, fermenting them with the compound microbial agent, and mixing the coated slow-release granules prepared in S4 to obtain the fermentation type slow-release nutrient agent; The preparation method of the viscous matrix composition specifically comprises the following steps: L1, freezing and grinding bathing angle bone sponges, and mixing them with methyl methacrylate anhydride gelatin to obtain a water-retaining adhesive; L2, grinding conglomerate, stirring and heating it with arachidonic acid to react, and keeping the reaction product at a constant temperature for 1-2 hours to obtain modified conglomerate particles; L3, putting the modified conglomerate particles prepared in L2, peat soil, and rotten leaf soil into the water-retaining adhesive prepared in L1, and mixing them uniformly to obtain the viscous matrix composition.

2. The high steep slope vine plant planting substrate according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S1, the animal manure is composed of sheep manure and pig manure, and the weight ratio is 2-3:

1.

3. The high steep slope vine plant planting substrate according to claim 2, characterized in that, In step S2, the mass fraction of polybutylene succinate in chloroform is 55%-65%.

4. The high steep slope vine plant planting substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step S3, the mass fraction of peanut protein powder in ultrapure water is 56%-63%.

5. The high steep slope vine plant planting substrate according to claim 4, characterized in that, In step S5, the compound microbial agent is composed of Vibrio atlanticus, Pseudomonas frigidolimae, and Azospirillum melinis, and the weight ratio is 1-2:1-1.5:

1.

6. A method of preparing a high-slope vine planting substrate according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, Specifically comprising the following steps: Step one, dissolving potassium carbonate, magnesium sulfate, sugar alcohol boron, and zinc citrate in the PBS buffer, stirring and mixing to obtain a base solution; Step two, put the viscous base composition into the base solution prepared in step one, mix to obtain a soil base; Step three, uniformly disperse the fermentation type slow-release nutrient agent in the soil base prepared in step two to obtain a base suitable for planting liana on high and steep slope.

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