Manual-automatic integrated adjusting laser engraving cutting machine with multiple laser light sources

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of laser marking, in particular to a multi-laser-light-source manual-automatic integrated adjusting laser engraving and cutting machine which comprises a base, a back plate and a back cover, the back plate is fixed to the base, two sets of protruding plates are formed on the back face of the back plate, and two sets of lifting notches are formed between the two sets of protruding plates; tail plates are formed at the tails of the opposite sides of the two sets of protruding plates, sliding ways are formed between the tail plates and the back plate, guide blocks are arranged in the sliding ways in a sliding mode, and multiple sets of second pulleys located in the sliding ways are installed on one sides of the guide blocks. A lead screw device is matched with a bevel gear, a guide block is driven manually or electrically, meanwhile, a red light indicator, a field lens and a visual camera are matched, accurate lifting adjustment of the laser module is achieved, errors caused by traditional manual adjustment are avoided, real-time monitoring and error correction of the process are achieved, the machining precision and consistency are remarkably improved, and the production efficiency is improved. And the guide shafts in the slideways are matched with the second pulleys, so that the smoothness of the lifting process is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser marking, in particular to a laser engraving and cutting machine with multi-laser light sources that can be adjusted manually and automatically. Background Art

[0002] In the field of commercial laser engraving and cutting technology, when users operate desktop laser engraving and cutting equipment, they need to use laser light sources of different wavelengths for laser engraving, cutting or demonstration. For example, use a 1064nm wavelength fiber laser to mark and cut metals, plastics, rocks and other materials; use a 450nm wavelength blue laser to mark and cut wood, leather, rubber and other materials; use a 650nm red laser to preview the trajectory before marking or cutting, and judge in advance whether the processed graphics are within the processable area of ​​the material. Users switch between these three light sources with different wavelengths to meet processing needs. Therefore, desktop laser engraving and cutting equipment is required to have a light source that emits no less than three different wavelengths, and at least three different wavelengths of lasers can be integrated in the equipment.

[0003] At present, the common commercial desktop laser marking equipment on the market adjusts the focal length of the galvanometer by manually rotating the adjustment knob of the lifting device. A field mirror is fixed on the lifting device. The lifting device moves up and down, and the field mirror fixed thereon also moves up and down. The device is equipped with two red light indicators, which are evenly distributed on both sides of the field mirror. Before the marking equipment leaves the factory, the light spots of the two red light indicators overlap, and the overlap point is located on the focal plane of the field mirror. The user needs to adjust the height of the lifting device to the overlap point of the red light spots. In addition, another field mirror focusing method is through electric focusing. An external operation panel is installed on the marking equipment. The operation panel is equipped with a button to control the lifting and lowering of the field mirror. The user presses the button to control the lifting and lowering of the field mirror so that the red light spots of the two red light indicators overlap. The above two field mirror focusing devices and methods have the problems of cumbersome operation and insufficient precision.

[0004] At the same time, the common commercial desktop laser engraving and cutting equipment on the market is only equipped with one wavelength of laser, mainly standard fiber laser, and some are equipped with blue laser. Users need to switch between devices equipped with three different wavelengths to achieve marking or cutting of different materials, and cannot use red laser to preview the marking or cutting track. This switching and operation method of different light sources seriously affects the user's operating experience and processing efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources, comprising a base, a back plate and a back cover, the back plate being fixed on the base, and having two groups of convex plates formed on the back, and two groups of lifting slots being opened between the two groups of convex plates, tail plates being formed at the tails of the two groups of convex plates on opposite sides, a slideway being formed between the tail plates and the back plate, a guide block being slidably arranged in the slideway, multiple groups of second pulleys located in the slideway being installed on one side of the guide block, guide shafts sliding with the second pulley being fixed on opposite side walls of the slideway, a mounting plate being fixed between the two guide blocks, a laser source being installed on the mounting plate, a part of the guide block being located in the lifting slot and a lifting platform being fixed thereon, a screw rod device being installed on one of the convex plates, the screw rod of which penetrates into the corresponding guide block, a bearing mounting seat being installed on one side of the convex plate, a rotating shaft being rotatably connected in the bearing mounting seat, and bevel gears meshing with each other being fixed on the rotating shaft and the screw rod;

[0006] An upper sliding platform is fixed on the lifting platform, and a mounting hole is provided at the center of the upper sliding platform. A galvanometer group is provided above the mounting hole, and a field mirror is installed in the mounting hole. A fiber optic coupler group, a fiber optic reflector group, a blue light reflector group, a red light reflector group and a blue light module group are also provided on the upper sliding platform, wherein the fiber optic coupler group is located on one side of the galvanometer group, the fiber optic reflector group is located on the output light path of the fiber optic coupler group, the blue light reflector group is located on the reflected light path of the fiber optic reflector group and at the same time on the output light path of the blue light module group, the red light reflector group is located on the output light path of the blue light reflector group, and the output light path of the red light reflector group faces the galvanometer group, and a machine cover which covers the upper sliding platform inside is fixed on the lifting platform.

[0007] Furthermore, a fixed-focus red light group is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and located on both sides of the field lens, and a visual component is arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and located behind the field lens;

[0008] A pair of small holes are opened on the lifting platform, the fixed-focus red light group includes a light installation ball with a diameter larger than the small holes, a column hole is provided in the light installation ball, a second red light indicator is locked in the column hole by a side nail, and the fixed-focus red light group also includes a hole plate, the center hole of the hole plate presses the bottom of the light installation ball and is locked to the lifting platform;

[0009] The mounting hole of the upper sliding platform is threadedly connected with a field lens adapter ring, and the field lens is installed on the inner thread of the field lens adapter ring.

[0010] Furthermore, the fiber coupler group includes a coupling head, an adjustment frame and a two-dimensional connecting foot. The four side frame positions of the adjustment frame are installed with hand screws. The tail of the coupling head is fixed between the ends of the hand screws. A connecting tube is installed on the two-dimensional connecting foot through a universal ball. The end of the coupling head is installed to the connecting tube. The connecting tube is also connected to a first collimating beam expander.

[0011] Furthermore, the fiber optic reflector group includes two fiber optic reflector modules, the fiber optic reflector module includes a fiber optic lens seat screwed on the upper sliding table, a fiber optic lens frame with a bevel is screwed on the fiber optic lens seat, a fiber optic reflector is installed on the bevel of the fiber optic lens frame, the two fiber optic reflectors are adjacent and vertically arranged, and the output light of the fiber optic coupler group is irradiated to the first fiber optic reflector at 45°.

[0012] Furthermore, the blue light reflector group includes a blue light lens seat, the bottom of the blue light lens seat has a long strip, a blue light lens frame with an inclined surface is screwed onto the blue light lens seat, a first dichroic mirror is installed on the inclined surface of the blue light lens frame, and the blue light lens frame also has a circular hole, and the reflected light of the optical fiber reflector group passes through the circular hole and the output of the first dichroic mirror.

[0013] Furthermore, a rectangular opening is provided on the upper sliding plate, and the blue light module group includes a T-shaped radiator, which is locked into the rectangular opening in the form of a waist-shaped hole, a blue light laser is provided on the top of the T-shaped radiator, and a blue light fan is also installed on the rear side of the T-shaped radiator and the blue light laser and in the rectangular opening, and a second collimating beam expander is also installed at the output end of the blue light laser, and the second collimating beam expander is set at 45° toward the first dichroic mirror of the blue light reflector group.

[0014] Furthermore, the red light reflector group includes a base fixed on the upper sliding table, the top of the base is provided with a wedge opening downwardly, a second dichroic mirror is locked and fixed in the wedge opening, a through hole penetrating the wedge opening is provided on the front of the base, a red light fixing plate is fixed to the top of the base by a pushing screw and a locking screw, an isolation tube is provided at the center of the red light fixing plate, a first red light indicator is fixed in the isolation tube by a locking wire, and the first red light indicator is arranged at 45° toward the second dichroic mirror; wherein the pushing screw is screwed into the red light fixing plate and contacts the top surface of the base, and the locking screw passes through the red light fixing plate and is screwed into the base.

[0015] Furthermore, a middle plate is formed in the middle part of the opposite sides of the two groups of convex plates, a partition is fixed between the middle plate and the back plate, the inner and outer sections of the partition are divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a hook plate is fixed on the convex plate in the inner cavity, a lifting block is slidably provided in the outer cavity, a cover body for covering the hood inside is fixed between the two groups of lifting blocks, a plurality of first pulleys are installed on the inner side of the lifting block, a guide strip slidably connected to the first pulley is formed on the inner wall of the outer cavity, a plurality of side wheels in contact with the inner wall of the cover body are installed on both sides of the hood, a guide wheel is installed on the top of the back plate above the partition, a tension spring is connected to the lifting block, the tension spring enters the inner cavity after bypassing the guide wheel and is fixed to the hook plate; a convex block is also fixed on the partition, two convex columns are formed on the convex block, and a spring sheet is installed which penetrates the convex column, a concave block is provided at the position of the lifting block corresponding to the convex block, and the spring sheet is used to be snapped into the concave block; a plurality of triggers are installed on one of the middle plates and the tail plate, and a paddle is installed on one side of one of the guide blocks.

[0016] Furthermore, the lifting platform includes an integrally formed bottom plate and side plates located on both sides of the bottom plate, the front edge of the bottom plate has an arc-shaped avoidance opening, both sides of the upper sliding platform plate have ejector pins contacting the side plates, and both sides of the upper sliding platform plate also have locking pins screwed into the side plates, and the locking pins have compression springs;

[0017] The bottom of the upper sliding platform is located at the rear part of the base plate and is integrally formed with heat dissipation fins. The rear end of the base plate is located behind the heat dissipation fins and is provided with a pair of exhaust fans, and a heat dissipation plate that passes through the field mirror is fixed to the bottom; a pair of exhaust holes are opened on the back of the hood, the front of the back plate is corrugated, and an exhaust port is opened under the back plate, and an exhaust fan covering the exhaust port is installed on the back, and a gap is left between the hood and the hood body, the back cover is fixed on the base and covers the back of the back plate inside, a heat dissipation mesh is opened on the back cover, and a heat dissipation fan opposite to the heat dissipation mesh is installed inside the laser source.

[0018] Furthermore, a V-shaped hinged connecting plate is rotatably connected to the back plate, a baffle is formed at the edge of the hinged connecting plate, the bottom and top of the hinged connecting plate are rotatably connected to the back plate and the mounting plate respectively, a side block fixed to the lifting platform is formed on one side of the guide block, and an L-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the side block, the protruding end of the L-shaped plate extends above the edge of the side block, baffles are formed on both side edges of the top of the side block, and two groups of U-blocks are fixed on the table top of the lifting platform.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. This processing head integrates three laser light sources into one, and rationally designs the optical path positions of each part to ensure that each wavelength laser maintains high-precision focus when switching, thus avoiding the errors caused by light source replacement in traditional equipment; and through the host's intelligent control system, the light source output can be switched with one key, thereby achieving accurate marking and cutting of different materials, completely solving the cumbersome problem of multi-device operation, and significantly improving user experience and work efficiency. In addition, the present invention also provides the installation structure design of each light source part, which can realize optical correction of each wavelength of light source, make the optical focus of each of the three light sources coincide, ensure that the focus of each light source is consistent when switching, and further improve the accuracy of marking and cutting;

[0021] 2. The screw device and the bevel gear are used to support manual or electric drive of the guide block. At the same time, the red light indicator, field lens and visual camera are used to achieve precise lifting and lowering adjustment of the laser module, avoiding the error of traditional manual adjustment, realizing real-time monitoring and error correction of the process, significantly improving the processing accuracy and consistency, and the cooperation between the guide shaft in the slide and the second pulley ensures the smoothness of the lifting process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 The right side three-dimensional schematic diagram without the back cover;

[0024] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 3D schematic diagram of the mid-back plate structure;

[0025] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A rear view of the three-dimensional structure without the cover;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a front cross-sectional structure;

[0027] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a top-view cross-sectional structure of a part;

[0028] Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of the connection structure of the middle screw device;

[0029] Figure 8 is a stereoscopic diagram of a multi-wavelength laser light source composite galvanometer processing head provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig. 9 The internal structure of the multi-laser light source processing head of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0031] Fig.10 The internal structure of the multi-laser light source processing head of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0032] Fig.11 The internal structure of the multi-laser light source processing head of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0033] Fig.12 is a structural diagram of the optical fiber coupler group of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.13 This is a structural diagram of a fiber optic reflector assembly according to the present invention from one viewing angle;

[0035] Fig.14 This is another perspective structural diagram of the optical fiber reflector assembly of the present invention;

[0036] Fig.15 is a structural diagram of the blue light reflector assembly of the present invention;

[0037] Fig.16 is a structural diagram of the blue light module group of the present invention;

[0038] Fig.17 is a structural diagram of the red light reflector assembly of the present invention;

[0039] Fig.18 is an exploded view of the fiber optic reflector assembly of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.19 is an exploded view of the fixed-focus red light group of the present invention;

[0041] Fig. 20 For the present invention Fig.10 Schematic diagram of the principle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1-4 7, a laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources in this embodiment includes a base 1, a back plate 2 and a back cover 3, the back cover is fixed on the base and covers the back of the back plate, the back plate is fixed on the base, and two groups of relatively distributed convex plates 21 are formed on the back, and two groups of lifting grooves B3 are opened on the back plate and located between the two groups of convex plates, and tail plates 22 are formed at the tails of the opposite sides of the two groups of convex plates, and a slide is formed between the tail plate and the back plate, and a guide block B5 is slidably provided in the slide, and four groups of second pulleys B52 attached to the inner wall of the slide are installed on the opposite sides of the guide blocks on both sides, and the back plate A guide shaft B23 sliding with the second pulley on the corresponding side is fixed on the side opposite to the tail plate, a mounting plate B6 is fixed between the backs of the two guide blocks, a laser source B10 is mounted on the mounting plate, a part of the front of the guide block is located in the lifting groove and a lifting platform D2 is fixed on the lifting platform, a multi-laser light source processing head is mounted on the lifting platform, a screw device B41 is installed on the right convex plate, the screw rod penetrates the corresponding guide block, a bearing mounting seat B45 is installed on the right side of the convex plate, a rotating shaft B46 penetrating the convex plate is rotatably connected in the bearing mounting seat, and bevel gears B43 meshing with each other are fixed on the rotating shaft and the screw rod.

[0044] In the above structure, the corresponding guide block is driven to move through the screw rod device to complete the automatic lifting and lowering adjustment of the lifting platform. After adjusting the specified position, there will be some errors in the accuracy of the automatic lifting and lowering adjustment. Therefore, the corresponding bevel gear is driven to rotate through the rotating shaft, and the screw rod is driven to rotate by cooperating with another bevel gear to complete the fine-tuning of the guide block to make the position of the multi-laser light source processing head more precise. The guide shaft can limit the second pulley to prevent the guide block from deviating during the lifting process, causing unstable lifting, thereby effectively improving the stability of the lifting process.

[0045] like Figure 2 and 7 The back of the back plate is rotatably connected with a hinged connecting plate B7 with a V-shaped opening facing the left side. A baffle B8 is formed at the edge of the hinged connecting plate, and a bundle channel is formed between the two baffles. The upper left end and the lower left end of the hinged connecting plate are rotatably connected with the mounting plate and the back plate respectively. The two guide blocks are formed on the opposite side with a side block B54 fixed to the lifting platform, and an L-shaped plate B53 is fixed on the top of the side block. The protruding end of the L-shaped plate extends above the edge of the corresponding side block. Baffles B55 are formed on both sides of the top edge of the side block. Two sets of U blocks B91 are fixed on the table of the lifting platform. The line is installed in the bundle channel and passes through the channel formed by the L-shaped plate, baffle and U block, so that the internal wiring harness can be guided and the wires can be prevented from being entangled and stuck. During the lifting process, the hinged connecting plate guides the opening and closing to avoid friction damage between the lines.

[0046] like Figure 2-3 and 5-6, a middle plate 23 is formed in the middle of the opposite sides of the two groups of convex plates, a partition A3 is fixed between the middle plate and the back plate, the inner and outer areas of the partition are divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a hook plate A8 is fixed below the opposite sides of the two convex plates and located in the inner cavity, a lifting block A7 is slidable in the outer cavity, a cover body A18 for covering the multi-laser light source processing head inside is fixed between the two groups of lifting blocks, a heat dissipation plate C72 is also fixed to the bottom of the lifting platform, a handle is installed on the front of the cover body, two pairs of first pulleys A9 are installed on the opposite sides of the two lifting blocks, a guide strip slidably connected to the first pulley is formed on the side of the back plate opposite to the middle plate and located in the outer cavity, and a cover for covering the multi-laser light source processing head inside is also installed on the outside of the lifting platform Hood D1, a pair of side wheels C78 attached to the inner wall of the hood are installed on both sides of the hood, a guide wheel A5 is installed on the top of the back plate above the partition, and a tension spring A6 is fixedly connected to the top of the lifting block. The tension spring is a soft spring. The tension spring bypasses the guide wheel and enters the inner cavity and is fixed to the hook plate; a protrusion A14 is fixed on the side opposite to the two partitions, and two protrusions A11 are formed on the protrusion. A spring sheet A12 that penetrates the protrusion is also fixedly installed. A concave block A10 is fixed on one side of the lifting block and the corresponding protrusion, and the spring sheet is used to be inserted into the concave block; a trigger 11 is installed at the bottom of the left middle plate, two groups of triggers are installed on the back of the right tail plate, and a paddle located between the two groups of triggers is installed on the back of the right guide block.

[0047] The sliding cooperation between the first pulley and the guide bar improves the stability and smoothness of the lifting and sliding of the cover body. The combination of the hood and the heat sink protects the multi-laser light source processing head. The tension spring can provide pulling force for the movement of the lifting block. The guide wheel guides the movement of the tension spring to ensure that the tension spring always moves along the predetermined path, thereby enhancing the stability of the lifting movement. The hook plate provides a stable support point for the tension spring to help overcome the weight of the lifting block so that the cover body can hover at the highest point. When the cover body is closed, the concave block squeezes and deforms the spring leaf and snaps into the concave block for positioning. The convex column and the spring leaf are inserted to achieve a stable connection. When the cover body is closed, the lifting block will also trigger the corresponding trigger to indicate closure, so that the equipment can be powered on. At the same time, during the lifting and lowering process of the guide block, the corresponding trigger will also be triggered by the paddle to determine the highest and lowest points.

[0048] like Figure 8-20 The multi-laser light source processing head includes an upper sliding table D3 fixed on a lifting platform, a mounting hole is provided at the center of the upper sliding table, a galvanometer group D4 is provided above the mounting hole, a field mirror D5 is installed in the mounting hole, and a fiber coupler group D6, a fiber reflector group D7, a blue light reflector group D8, a red light reflector group D9 and a blue light module group D10 are also provided on the upper sliding table, wherein the fiber coupler group is located on one side of the galvanometer group, the fiber reflector group is located on the output optical path of the fiber coupler group, the blue light reflector group is located on the reflection optical path of the fiber reflector group and is also located on the output optical path of the blue light module group, the red light reflector group is located on the output optical path of the blue light reflector group, and the output optical path of the red light reflector group faces the galvanometer group. Furthermore, a field mirror adapter ring D35 is threadedly connected to the mounting hole of the upper sliding table, and the field mirror is installed on the inner thread of the field mirror adapter ring.

[0049] The hood includes a peripheral side cover and a top plate, and a variety of multi-light source lasers are integrated inside. In the specific structure, there are a lifting platform and an upper sliding platform inside, and all parts are installed on the upper sliding platform, and the lifting platform serves as a supporting part. As a specific structure, in the figure, the lifting platform includes an integrally formed bottom plate and side plates D21 located on both sides of the bottom plate. The front edge of the bottom plate has an arc-shaped avoidance opening D22 for avoiding the field mirror. The bottom of the upper sliding platform is integrally formed with a heat dissipation fin D23. The rear end of the bottom plate is located behind the heat dissipation fin and a pair of exhaust fans D24 are provided. Above the heat dissipation fin is a control panel. A pair of exhaust holes C76 opposite to the exhaust fan are provided on the back of the hood, the front of the back plate is corrugated, and an exhaust port C51 is provided under the back plate, and an exhaust fan C5 covering the exhaust port is installed on the back, the exhaust fan is passed through the back cover, a gap is left between the hood and the cover body, a heat dissipation mesh B102 is provided on the back cover, and a heat dissipation fan B101 opposite to the heat dissipation mesh is installed inside the laser source. The heat dissipation fan, the exhaust fan and the exhaust fan operate synchronously, the heat dissipation fins absorb the heat on the control board, the exhaust fan takes in air through the corrugated grooves on the back plate, and enters the heat dissipation fins through the exhaust holes, and the heat enters the cover body through the heat dissipation plate to prevent harmful gases from rising, the exhaust fan extracts the heat and smoke in the cover body through the exhaust port, and the heat dissipation fan also discharges the heat of the laser source through the heat dissipation mesh, thereby improving the overall heat dissipation effect. There are top pins D31 on both sides of the upper slide plate that touch the side plates, and there are locking pins D32 on both sides of the upper slide plate that are screwed into the side plates. There are compression springs D33 on the locking pins to prevent loosening. The distance between the upper slide plate and the lifting platform can be controlled by using top pins of different lengths.

[0050] In the above structure, for the fiber coupler group, the circular laser beam emitted is reflected by the fiber reflector group, and then incident on the blue light reflector group, and then penetrates the blue light reflector group and the red light reflector group and then incident on the galvanometer group. The galvanometer group can perform precise position control according to the coordinate requirements of the pattern. After the beam is reflected by the X-axis and Y-axis of the galvanometer group, it is output through the field mirror, and then the target located below can be marked or cut. For the blue light module group, the rectangular beam emitted is reflected by the blue light reflector group, and then penetrates the blue light reflector group and the red light reflector group and then incident on the galvanometer group, and can also be accurately marked and cut in the above manner. Control. For the red light reflector group, the red light with a wavelength of 650nm emitted is reflected and incident on the galvanometer group, and can also be accurately marked and cut in the above manner. Therefore, the three wavelengths of light beams are in the same direction and concentric after being reflected by the red light reflector group. After the three wavelengths of light beams are reflected by the X-axis and Y-axis reflectors of the galvanometer group, the three light beams are focused to the focal plane through the field mirror focusing lens that supports the three wavelengths.

[0051] Therefore, this multi-light source composite galvanometer processing head integrates three different wavelength lasers (1064nm, 450nm, 650nm) in the desktop laser engraving and cutting equipment. After the light beams are corrected by various optical devices, they are reflected and refracted. Through the field lens that supports the transmission of three wavelengths, the field lens focuses the three wavelengths of light beams that are reflected and refracted, and finally converges at the working focus of the field lens. The focus of these three light sources overlaps, ensuring that the processing accuracy is not affected when switching different light sources. Users do not need to repeatedly adjust the equipment, which greatly simplifies the operation process and improves work efficiency.

[0052] In addition, for the distance focusing of the processing head, a fixed-focus red light group D11 is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and on both sides of the field lens, and a visual component D12 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and on the rear side of the field lens. The two groups of fixed-focus red light groups emit red light to illuminate the target object on the workbench. When the light spots illuminated by the two groups of fixed-focus red light groups on the target object coincide, it indicates that the focusing is successful. If they do not coincide, the processing height needs to be adjusted so that the light spots coincide. During operation, the visual component monitors the light spot coincidence status of the fixed-focus red light group in real time, automatically calculates the focal length difference of the field lens according to the distance value of the light spot, and automatically calibrates the focal length to ensure the focusing accuracy and the field lens moving distance. d is the distance value of the light spot falling on the surface of the target material, and β is half of the angle of the red light beams emitted by the two fixed-focus red light groups. Therefore, through the above steps, the user experience can be greatly improved, which is suitable for a variety of material thicknesses and effectively guarantees the precision and stability of engraving and cutting.

[0053] Due to the manufacturing and installation errors of the laser itself, the light beam emitted from the laser is not a parallel beam, and the light beam has a certain divergence angle. After the three laser beams of different wavelengths are reflected, refracted and focused, the focal points are not in the same focal plane. How to achieve the same focal plane for the three laser beams after passing through the optical components of the corresponding optical paths is the key. This embodiment carries out targeted structural design for each component. The details are as follows:

[0054] like Fig.12As shown, the fiber coupler group includes a coupling head D61, an adjustment frame D62 and a two-dimensional connecting foot D63. The four frame positions of the adjustment frame are installed with hand screws D64. The tail of the coupling head is fixed between the ends of the hand screws. A connecting tube D66 is installed on the two-dimensional connecting foot through a universal ball D65. The end of the coupling head is installed to the connecting tube, and the connecting tube is also connected to a first collimating beam expander D67. The universal ball is located in the ball socket of the side wall of the connecting tube. The universal ball has a round rod. One end of the round rod has a threaded rod with a diameter smaller than the round rod. The threaded rod passes through the two-dimensional connecting foot and is locked with a nut. In this way, the nut and the round rod are clamped and fixed to the two-dimensional connecting foot, so the position of the universal ball is fixed. During installation, the hand screws can limit the up, down, left and right positions of the tail end of the fiber coupling head. Therefore, the four hand screws on the adjustment frame can control the coupling head to rotate around the two-dimensional connecting foot, thereby changing the incident angle of the light beam.

[0055] like Fig.13 As shown, the fiber optic reflector group includes two fiber optic reflector modules, the fiber optic reflector module includes a fiber optic lens seat D71 screwed on the upper slide plate, a fiber optic lens frame D72 with an inclined surface is screwed on the fiber optic lens seat, and a fiber optic reflector D73 is installed on the inclined surface of the fiber optic lens frame. The two fiber optic reflectors are adjacent and vertically arranged, and the output light of the fiber optic coupler group is irradiated at 45° to the first fiber optic reflector, that is, the fiber optic reflector on the upper side of the figure. In addition, Fig.14 As shown, there is a long groove on the upper slide plate, and a long block D82 at the bottom of the fiber lens seat. The length of the long block is smaller than the long groove, and there is a waist hole at the bottom of the fiber lens seat, which can adjust the position of the fiber lens seat, so the left and right position of the fiber lens seat can be adjusted without deflection. In addition, there are two screw mounting positions on the side of the fiber lens seat. The fiber lens holder can be installed on different mounting positions, and the left and right position of the fiber reflector can be adjusted, and the pitch angle of the fiber reflector can also be adjusted. Therefore, by adjusting the fixing screws at the bottom and side of the fiber lens seat, the angle of the fiber reflector is fine-tuned to change the incident angle of the reflected light beam, and then the fiber reflector module is also adjusted to ensure that the reflected light beam is accurately aligned with the blue light reflector group.

[0056] like Fig.15As shown, the blue light reflector group includes a blue light lens seat D81, and a long strip is provided at the bottom of the blue light lens seat. A blue light lens frame D83 having a bevel is screwed on the blue light lens seat, and a first dichroic mirror D84 is installed on the bevel of the blue light lens frame. The blue light lens frame also has a circular hole D85, and the reflected light of the optical fiber reflector group penetrates the circular hole and the output of the first dichroic mirror. The installation method of the blue light lens seat is the same as that of the optical fiber lens seat, and the lens angle can be adjusted. The difference is that the blue light lens frame also has a circular hole to avoid the reflected light of the optical fiber reflector group in front, and the reflected light can directly penetrate the first dichroic mirror. At the same time, the front of the first dichroic mirror can also reflect the output light beam of the blue light module group. Therefore, after adjusting the incident angle of the output light beam of the blue light module group, the reflection path of the blue light beam is accurately controlled by fine-tuning the lens angle of the blue light reflector group, so that it is coaxial with the reflected optical fiber laser beam.

[0057] like Fig.16 As shown, for the specific structure of the blue light module group, combined with Fig.11 As shown, a rectangular opening D34 is provided on the upper sliding table, and the blue light module group includes a T-shaped radiator D101, which is locked into the rectangular opening in the form of a waist-shaped hole. A blue light laser D102 is provided on the top of the T-shaped radiator, and a blue light fan D103 is also installed on the rear side of the T-shaped radiator and the blue light laser and in the rectangular opening. A second collimating beam expander D104 is also installed at the output end of the blue light laser, and the second collimating beam expander is set at 45° toward the first dichroic mirror of the blue light reflector group. In order to ensure that the blue light laser and the blue light reflector group are at the same height, and the T-shaped radiator is relatively large in size, the present structure opens a rectangular opening on the upper sliding table, and the T-shaped radiator is installed in the lower layer, and there is enough space under the upper sliding table. In addition, the T-shaped radiator is also installed in the form of a waist-shaped hole, and the front and rear positions can also be fine-tuned. There are also top screws D105 on both sides of the T-shaped heat sink, which can be screwed in with adjustable depth. The bottom of the top screw contacts the upper slide plate. Therefore, the installation height of the T-shaped heat sink can be adjusted through the top screw and the fixing screws of the waist round hole, that is, the height adjustment of the blue laser. In addition, by rotating the second collimating beam expander on the blue light module group, the divergence angle of the blue light beam can be accurately adjusted to coincide with the focus of the reflected fiber laser beam.

[0058] like Fig.17 , 18As shown, the red light reflector group includes a base D91 fixed on the upper sliding table, a wedge D92 is opened downward on the top of the base, a second dichroic mirror D93 is locked and fixed in the wedge, a through hole D94 is opened on the front of the base and passes through the wedge, a red light fixing plate D97 is fixed to the top of the base by a push screw D95 and a locking screw D96, an isolation tube D98 is provided at the center of the red light fixing plate, a first red light indicator D910 is fixed in the isolation tube by a locking wire D99, and the first red light indicator is set at 45° toward the second dichroic mirror; the push screw is screwed into the red light fixing plate and contacts the top surface of the base, and the locking screw passes through the red light fixing plate and is screwed into the base. The first red light indicator is installed in the isolation tube, and the whole is installed on the red light fixing plate. The isolation column and the first red light indicator are fixed by the locking wire on the side. The red light fixing plate is fixed on the base, and the second dichroic mirror is installed in the wedge on the base. Two nylon screws in the wedge press the edge of the second dichroic mirror, and the whole assembly is installed on the upper sliding table. On the one hand, by adjusting the push screws and locking screws that fix the red light fixing plate, the height and even the small angle of the red light fixing plate can be adjusted to ensure that the beam of the first red light indicator is concentric with the blue light beam and the reflected beam of the fiber laser. Before operation, first make the focus of the blue light beam coincide with the focus of the fiber laser beam in the aforementioned manner, and then adjust the focus of the beam of the first light indicator to coincide with the two. The last three beams can be incident on the galvanometer group in the same direction.

[0059] like Fig.19 As shown, a pair of small holes D111 are opened on the lifting platform, and the fixed-focus red light group includes a light mounting ball D112 with a diameter larger than the small hole, a column hole is provided in the light mounting ball, and a second red light indicator D114 is locked in the column hole by a side nail D113. The fixed-focus red light group also includes a hole plate D115, and the center hole of the hole plate presses the bottom of the light mounting ball and is locked to the lifting platform. In this structure, the beam direction of the second red light indicator can be adjusted by adjusting the angle position of the light mounting ball and then locking it. After the above adjustment of the common focus of the three light beams, the two left and right groups of fixed-focus red light groups fixed on the lifting platform are finally adjusted to make the two red light spots completely overlap with the light spots of the fiber laser, red light, and blue light output by the scene. After adjusting the fixed-focus red light once, the focus of the three laser light sources does not need to be recalibrated. Therefore, this embodiment can ensure that the three light beams converge on the same focal plane after passing through the optical system by accurately adjusting the position and angle of each optical element, thereby achieving high-precision optical synthesis.

[0060] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprise a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0061] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources, comprising a base, a back plate and a back cover, characterized in that: The back plate is fixed on the base, and two groups of convex plates are formed on the back side, and two groups of lifting slots are opened between the two groups of convex plates. Tail plates are formed at the tails of the opposite sides of the two groups of convex plates, and a slideway is formed between the tail plate and the back plate. A guide block is slidably arranged in the slideway, and multiple groups of second pulleys located in the slideway are installed on one side of the guide block. Guide shafts that slide with the second pulley are fixed on opposite side walls in the slideway. A mounting plate is fixed between the two guide blocks, and a laser source is installed on the mounting plate. A part of the guide block is located in the lifting slot and a lifting platform is fixed thereon. A screw device is installed on one of the convex plates, and the screw penetrates into the corresponding guide block. A bearing mounting seat is installed on one side of the convex plate, and a rotating shaft is rotatably connected in the bearing mounting seat, and bevel gears that mesh with each other are fixed on the rotating shaft and the screw. An upper sliding platform is fixed on the lifting platform, and a mounting hole is provided at the center of the upper sliding platform. A galvanometer group is provided above the mounting hole, and a field mirror is installed in the mounting hole. A fiber optic coupler group, a fiber optic reflector group, a blue light reflector group, a red light reflector group and a blue light module group are also provided on the upper sliding platform, wherein the fiber optic coupler group is located on one side of the galvanometer group, the fiber optic reflector group is located on the output light path of the fiber optic coupler group, the blue light reflector group is located on the reflected light path of the fiber optic reflector group and at the same time on the output light path of the blue light module group, the red light reflector group is located on the output light path of the blue light reflector group, and the output light path of the red light reflector group faces the galvanometer group, and a machine cover which covers the upper sliding platform inside is fixed on the lifting platform.

2. The laser engraving and cutting machine with multiple laser light sources and manual and automatic adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed-focus red light group is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and located on both sides of the field lens, and a visual component is arranged at the bottom of the lifting platform and located behind the field lens; A pair of small holes are opened on the lifting platform, the fixed-focus red light group includes a light installation ball with a diameter larger than the small holes, a column hole is provided in the light installation ball, a second red light indicator is locked in the column hole by a side nail, and the fixed-focus red light group also includes a hole plate, the center hole of the hole plate presses the bottom of the light installation ball and is locked to the lifting platform; The mounting hole of the upper sliding platform is threadedly connected with a field lens adapter ring, and the field lens is installed on the inner thread of the field lens adapter ring.

3. The laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical fiber coupler group includes a coupling head, an adjustment frame and a two-dimensional connecting foot. The four frame positions of the adjustment frame are installed with hand screws. The tail of the coupling head is fixed between the ends of the hand screws. A connecting tube is installed on the two-dimensional connecting foot through a universal ball. The end of the coupling head is installed to the connecting tube. The connecting tube is also connected to a first collimating beam expander.

4. The laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fiber optic reflector group includes two fiber optic reflector modules, and the fiber optic reflector module includes a fiber optic lens seat screwed onto an upper sliding platform, a fiber optic lens frame with an inclined surface screwed onto the fiber optic lens seat, and a fiber optic reflector is installed on the inclined surface of the fiber optic lens frame. The two fiber optic reflectors are adjacent and vertically arranged, and the output light of the fiber optic coupler group is irradiated to the first fiber optic reflector at 45°.

5. The laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources according to claim 4, characterized in that: The blue light reflector group includes a blue light lens seat, a long strip is provided at the bottom of the blue light lens seat, a blue light lens frame with an inclined surface is screwed on the blue light lens seat, a first dichroic mirror is installed on the inclined surface of the blue light lens frame, and the blue light lens frame is also provided with a circular hole, and the reflected light of the optical fiber reflector group is emitted through the circular hole and the first dichroic mirror.

6. The laser engraving and cutting machine with multiple laser light sources and manual and automatic adjustment according to claim 5, characterized in that: A rectangular opening is provided on the upper sliding plate, the blue light module group includes a T-shaped radiator, the T-shaped radiator is locked into the rectangular opening in the form of a waist-shaped hole, a blue light laser is provided on the top of the T-shaped radiator, a blue light fan is also installed on the rear side of the T-shaped radiator and the blue light laser and in the rectangular opening, and a second collimating beam expander is also installed at the output end of the blue light laser, and the second collimating beam expander is set at 45° toward the first dichroic mirror of the blue light reflector group.

7. The laser engraving and cutting machine with multiple laser light sources and manual and automatic adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The red light reflector group includes a base fixed on the upper sliding table, a wedge opening is opened downward on the top of the base, a second dichroic mirror is locked and fixed in the wedge opening, a through hole penetrating the wedge opening is opened on the front of the base, a red light fixing plate is fixed to the top of the base by a pushing screw and a locking screw, an isolation tube is provided at the center of the red light fixing plate, a first red light indicator is fixed in the isolation tube by a locking wire, and the first red light indicator is set at 45° toward the second dichroic mirror; the pushing screw is screwed into the red light fixing plate and contacts the top surface of the base, and the locking screw passes through the red light fixing plate and is screwed into the base.

8. The laser engraving and cutting machine with multiple laser light sources and manual and automatic adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A middle plate is formed in the middle part of the opposite sides of the two groups of convex plates, a partition is fixed between the middle plate and the back plate, the inner and outer sections of the partition are divided into an inner cavity and an outer cavity, a hook plate is fixed on the convex plate in the inner cavity, a lifting block is slidably provided in the outer cavity, a cover body for covering the hood inside is fixed between the two groups of lifting blocks, a plurality of first pulleys are installed on the inner side of the lifting block, a guide strip slidably connected to the first pulley is formed on the inner wall of the outer cavity, a plurality of side wheels in contact with the inner wall of the cover body are installed on both sides of the hood, a guide wheel is installed on the top of the back plate above the partition, a tension spring is connected to the lifting block, the tension spring enters the inner cavity after bypassing the guide wheel and is fixed to the hook plate; a convex block is also fixed on the partition, two convex columns are formed on the convex block, and a spring sheet is installed which is penetrated by the convex column, a concave block is provided at the position of the lifting block corresponding to the convex block, and the spring sheet is used to be snapped into the concave block; a plurality of triggers are installed on one of the middle plates and the tail plate, and a paddle is installed on one side of one of the guide blocks.

9. The laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting platform includes an integrally formed bottom plate and side plates located on both sides of the bottom plate, the front edge of the bottom plate is provided with an arc-shaped avoidance opening, both sides of the upper sliding platform plate are provided with ejector pins contacting the side plates, and both sides of the upper sliding platform plate are provided with locking pins screwed into the side plates, and the locking pins are provided with compression springs; The bottom of the upper sliding platform is located at the rear part of the base plate and is integrally formed with heat dissipation fins. The rear end of the base plate is located behind the heat dissipation fins and is provided with a pair of exhaust fans, and a heat dissipation plate that passes through the field mirror is fixed to the bottom; a pair of exhaust holes are opened on the back of the hood, the front of the back plate is corrugated, and an exhaust port is opened under the back plate, and an exhaust fan covering the exhaust port is installed on the back, and a gap is left between the hood and the hood body, the back cover is fixed on the base and covers the back of the back plate inside, a heat dissipation mesh is opened on the back cover, and a heat dissipation fan opposite to the heat dissipation mesh is installed inside the laser source.

10. The laser engraving and cutting machine with manual and automatic adjustment of multiple laser light sources according to claim 1, characterized in that: A V-shaped hinged connecting plate is rotatably connected to the back plate, and a baffle is formed at the edge of the hinged connecting plate. The bottom and top ends of the hinged connecting plate are rotatably connected to the back plate and the mounting plate respectively. A side block fixed to the lifting platform is formed on one side of the guide block, and an L-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the side block. The protruding end of the L-shaped plate extends above the edge of the side block, and baffles are formed on both side edges of the top of the side block. Two groups of U-blocks are fixed on the table top of the lifting platform.

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