Ceramic part precision machining method

Abstract

The invention discloses a ceramic part precision machining method which comprises the steps that theoretical ceramic part data models are preset, and the theoretical ceramic part data models comprise a ceramic part theoretical model and a positioning clamping part theoretical model; integrally forming and preparing a ceramic part processing blank body through the theoretical ceramic part data model, wherein the ceramic processing blank body comprises a ceramic part blank body and a positioning clamping part blank body; the processed ceramic part blank is subjected to glue discharging and sintered in the nitrogen atmosphere, and a to-be-processed ceramic part is obtained; the to-be-machined ceramic part comprises a ceramic part body and a positioning clamping part. The to-be-machined ceramic part is connected with a machine tool through a repeated positioning machining method, and the inner surface and the outer surface of a ceramic part body are machined; and then cutting off the positioning clamping part to obtain the ceramic part. The ceramic part is prevented from being damaged in the fine machining process, the yield is high, the machining precision is high, and the original machining precision of machining equipment is not lost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ceramic component processing, and in particular to the technical field of a ceramic component precision processing method. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic components are widely used in metallurgy, electronics, aviation, and aerospace fields due to their corrosion resistance, high temperature resistance, high heat insulation and wave transmission properties. They are used as antenna covers in the aerospace field.

[0003] The following problems exist in the precision machining of ceramic materials: Ceramic materials are brittle and hard, and are easily damaged when the positioning of components is controlled by rigid fixation, resulting in a low yield rate of components; the current common positioning method mainly relies on equipment measurement points, and manual use of a dial indicator to locate the relative position, but the reference surface of the ceramic components is not uniform and multiple positioning is required, resulting in difficulty in improving the machining accuracy and loss of the original machining accuracy of the equipment;

[0004] Therefore, how to ensure that ceramic parts will not be damaged during fine processing, have a high yield rate, and have high processing accuracy without losing the original machining accuracy of the processing equipment has become a difficult problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, a method for precision machining of ceramic parts is provided, which can ensure that the ceramic parts will not be damaged during the fine machining process, the yield is high, and the machining accuracy is high without losing the original machining accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0006] According to the present invention, a method for precision machining of ceramic parts is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Presetting a theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the theoretical ceramic component data model includes a ceramic component theoretical model and a positioning clamping portion theoretical model;

[0008] Prepare a ceramic component processing body by integrally forming the theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the ceramic processing body includes a ceramic component body and a positioning clamping part body;

[0009] The ceramic component to be processed is connected to a machine tool through a repeated positioning processing method to process the inner surface and the outer surface of the ceramic component body; then the positioning clamping part is cut off to obtain the ceramic component;

[0010] The actual size of the ceramic component body and the theoretical size error are ≤0.005mm.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the ceramic component to be processed includes a ceramic component body and a positioning clamping part, so that the ceramic component is connected to the machine tool through the clamping part, thereby avoiding damage to the ceramic component body;

[0012] The theoretical ceramic component data model includes a ceramic component theoretical model and a positioning clamping part theoretical model, so that the precise positional relationship between the positioning clamping part theoretical model and the ceramic component theoretical model can be known. By positioning the actual positioning clamping part, the actual spatial coordinates of the ceramic component body can be obtained.

[0013] By connecting the ceramic component to be processed with the machine tool through a repeated positioning processing method, the inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic component body can be processed. At the same time, the repeated positioning processing method can realize that the positioning clamping part of the ceramic component to be processed is connected to the tray of the repeated positioning connecting piece, and then the tray is connected to the chuck, and then the chuck is connected to the machine tool multiple times to process the inner and outer surfaces of the ceramic component body respectively; and in the processing process, the base point and base surface of the ceramic component to be processed are all the same during each positioning process, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the ceramic component without losing the original machining accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0014] Furthermore, the repeated positioning processing method comprises the following steps:

[0015] Connecting the ceramic component to be processed to the machine tool via a repeated positioning connector;

[0016] The repeatable positioning connector includes a tray and a chuck;

[0017] The tray includes a first position limiting connection portion and a second position limiting connection portion;

[0018] The chuck includes a third limiting connection part and a fourth limiting connection part;

[0019] The first limiting connection portion is detachably connected to the positioning clamping portion;

[0020] The second limiting connection part is detachably connected to the third limiting connection part;

[0021] The fourth limiting connection portion is detachably positioned and connected to the processing platform of the machine tool.

[0022] The beneficial effect of adopting the above step is that the detachable positioning connection between the tray and the ceramic component to be processed is achieved through the detachable positioning connection between the first limiting connection part and the positioning clamping part;

[0023] Through the detachable positioning connection between the second limiting connection part and the third limiting connection part, the detachable positioning connection between the tray and the chuck for positioning and connecting the ceramic component to be processed is achieved;

[0024] The detachable positioning connection between the chuck connected with the pallet and the processing platform of the machine tool is achieved by the detachable positioning connection between the fourth limiting connection part and the processing platform of the machine tool;

[0025] Thus, the detachable positioning connection between the ceramic component to be processed and the machine tool processing platform is realized, and when the ceramic component to be processed is positioned and connected with different processing platforms, the base point and base surface of the ceramic component to be processed remain unchanged.

[0026] Furthermore, the positioning clamping portion includes an annular chassis, and a first clamping portion positioning groove and a second clamping portion positioning groove located on the lower surface of the annular chassis;

[0027] The center of the annular chassis is the base point of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component to be processed, and the lower surface of the annular chassis is the base surface of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component;

[0028] The main body of the ceramic component comprises a conical small head end and a large end, and a cavity with an open end is arranged inside the main body of the ceramic component; the opening of the cavity is located at the large end.

[0029] The beneficial effect of adopting the above step is that the positioning of the positioning clamping part is achieved through the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove on the lower surface of the annular chassis of the positioning clamping part;

[0030] The center of the annular chassis is the base point of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component to be processed, and the lower surface of the annular chassis is the base surface of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component; while positioning the positioning clamping part, the base point and base surface of the ceramic component to be processed are also positioned, and simple positioning of the base point and base surface is not prone to deviation.

[0031] Furthermore, the tray also includes a circular ring-shaped body;

[0032] The upper surface of the annular body is connected with a first position-limiting connection portion;

[0033] A second limiting connection portion is arranged on the lower surface of the annular main body.

[0034] Furthermore, the first limiting connection part includes a plurality of first sliders and a pressure plate, the first sliders are slidably connected to the upper surface of the annular body, and the sliders are fixed at the upper limit position of the annular body through the slider limiting connection piece;

[0035] The pressing plate is in the shape of a ring and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the ring-shaped main body.

[0036] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous step is that the first limiting connection part includes a plurality of first sliders and a pressure plate, and the first slider is slidably connected to the upper surface of the annular main body, so as to fix the ceramic parts to be processed of different sizes; by pushing the first slider to contact the side of the annular chassis of the ceramic parts to be processed, the annular chassis is clamped by multiple first sliders, and then the slider is fixed by the slider limiting connection part, thereby realizing the fixation of the ceramic parts to be processed.

[0037] Furthermore, the second position-limiting connection portion includes a plurality of first positioning slots and rolling grooves;

[0038] The plurality of first positioning slots are arranged on the lower surface of the annular main body;

[0039] The rolling groove is arranged on the outer side of the annular body;

[0040] The upper surface of the annular main body is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion which respectively match the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove.

[0041] The beneficial effect of the above step is that the second limiting connection part includes a plurality of first positioning grooves to realize positioning with the chuck and limit the relative rotation of the chuck and the tray; the chuck and the tray are connected by the rolling groove and no relative movement in the vertical direction occurs;

[0042] The upper surface of the annular body is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion which respectively match the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove, so as to fix the relative position of the tray and the part to be processed.

[0043] Furthermore, the chuck includes a chuck outer shell and a chuck main body;

[0044] The chuck housing is sleeved on the outside of the chuck body; the chuck housing is detachably connected to the chuck body;

[0045] The chuck body is provided with a first accommodating space adapted to the tray and open at both ends;

[0046] A second accommodating space is provided inside the chuck body;

[0047] The second accommodating space is arranged in an annular shape inside the chuck housing, and the second accommodating space is provided with a plurality of opposite openings along a radial direction;

[0048] The third limiting connection portion includes a first limiting structure and a first connection fixing structure; the first limiting mechanism includes an annular support portion and a plurality of first limiting blocks located on the surface of the annular support portion; the first limiting mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the chuck body; the shape of the first limiting block matches the shape of the first positioning slot;

[0049] The first connection and fixing structure includes a plurality of balls and an elastic telescopic device;

[0050] A plurality of the balls are arranged in the second accommodating space, and are located between the opposite openings; the height of the openings is smaller than the diameter of the balls;

[0051] The chuck outer shell is provided with a third accommodating space, the elastic telescopic device is arranged in the third accommodating space; the ball is in contact with the elastic telescopic device.

[0052] The beneficial effect of the above step is that the chuck body is provided with a first accommodating space adapted to the tray and open at both ends; the tray is arranged in the first accommodating space, and the inner surface of the ceramic component to be processed can be processed during processing;

[0053] The first connection and fixing structure includes a plurality of balls and an elastic telescopic device, so that the positions of the plurality of balls in the second accommodation space can be adjusted to connect or separate the tray and the chuck;

[0054] The elastic telescopic device can be used to change the radial positions of several balls. By setting several radially opposite openings in the second accommodating space, the balls can be squeezed radially toward the tray under the pressure of the elastic telescopic device, thereby connecting the tray to the chuck.

[0055] Furthermore, the elastic telescopic device includes a first supporting mechanism and an elastic telescopic mechanism;

[0056] The third accommodating space is provided with a third accommodating space opening opposite to the second accommodating space opening; the first supporting mechanism is provided with a first groove adapted to the ball on a side surface close to the third accommodating space opening;

[0057] One end of the elastic telescopic mechanism is in contact with the outer shell of the chuck, and the other end is in contact with the first supporting mechanism;

[0058] The chuck housing is provided with an air passage communicating with the third accommodating space, and the air passage is communicated with the external space of the chuck housing;

[0059] and / or

[0060] The fourth limiting connection portion includes a plurality of second limiting blocks, and the second limiting blocks are arranged along the outer surface of the chuck housing.

[0061] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous step is that the third accommodating space is provided with a third accommodating space opening opposite to the second accommodating space opening, and the first supporting mechanism is provided with a first groove adapted to the ball when the portion of the first supporting mechanism not provided with the first groove contacts the ball through the third accommodating space opening, and the ball is squeezed toward the tray along the chuck axis, and part of the ball is moved into the rolling groove, so that the chuck and the tray are connected; when the portion of the first supporting mechanism provided with the first groove is aligned with the third accommodating space opening, the ball is located in the first groove, the squeezing of the ball disappears, and the ball is separated from the rolling groove, so that the chuck and the tray are separated;

[0062] One end of the elastic telescopic mechanism is in contact with the outer shell of the chuck, and the other end is in contact with the first supporting mechanism. The side of the first supporting mechanism close to the opening of the third accommodating space is provided with a first groove adapted to the ball bearing; when the gas in the gas source enters the third accommodating space through the gas path, the pressure pushes the first supporting mechanism to move and squeeze the elastic telescopic mechanism, and at the same time, the first groove part of the first supporting mechanism is aligned with the opening of the third accommodating space, so that the chuck and the tray are separated; when the gas of the second gas source does not enter the third accommodating space, the compression force of the elastic telescopic mechanism disappears, and the first supporting mechanism is pushed to move, and the first groove part of the first supporting mechanism is not aligned with the opening of the third accommodating space, so that the chuck and the tray are connected;

[0063] The second limiting block is arranged along the outer surface of the chuck housing to realize a detachable positioning connection between the chuck and the processing platform of the machine tool.

[0064] Furthermore, the ceramic component to be processed is connected to the machine tool through a repeated positioning connector, comprising the following steps:

[0065] Placing the ceramic component to be processed on the upper surface of the annular main body of the tray, and arranging the lower surface of the annular bottom plate parallel to the upper surface of the annular main body;

[0066] The first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion are respectively located in the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove, so that the ceramic component to be processed and the tray are positioned according to preset conditions;

[0067] The first slider slides along the upper surface of the annular body to clamp the positioning clamping portion of the ceramic component to be processed, and then the first slider is detachably connected to the annular body;

[0068] The pallet is detachably positioned and connected to the processing platform of the machine tool through the fourth limiting connection part;

[0069] The air path of the chuck housing is connected to the air source, and then the tray connected to the ceramic component to be processed is placed in the first accommodating space of the chuck body, and the first positioning slot is matched and connected with the first limit block accordingly; the air source and the air path are separated to realize the directional connection between the tray and the chuck.

[0070] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous step is that the positioning clamping part of the ceramic component to be processed is connected to the tray, and then the tray is connected to the chuck, and the chuck is connected to the machine tool multiple times, so as to clamp the ceramic component to be processed and process the inner surface and outer surface of the ceramic component body respectively; and during the processing, the base point and base surface of the ceramic component to be processed are the same during each positioning process, thereby beneficially improving the processing accuracy of the ceramic component without losing the original machining accuracy of the processing equipment.

[0071] Furthermore, the ceramic component precision machining method further includes the following steps: firstly sleeve the ceramic component to be machined on the surface of a support component of a machining machine, wherein the shape of the support component is consistent with the inner surface of the ceramic component to be machined;

[0072] Cut the lower surface of the annular chassis of the ceramic component to be processed flat along the vertical direction of the support component reference line, measure the thickness of the annular chassis, and cut an annular platform structure parallel to the lower surface of the annular chassis on the annular chassis;

[0073] Calibrate that the relative positions of the first clamping portion positioning groove, the second clamping portion positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis on the lower surface of the annular chassis are consistent with a preset distance;

[0074] The upper surface of the first slider is slidably connected to the second slider, and the first slider slides along the upper surface of the annular body, and the second slider slides along the upper surface of the first slider to clamp the annular platform structure of the annular chassis, and then the first slider is detachably connected to the annular body, and the first slider is detachably connected to the second slider shell;

[0075] The pressing plate is placed in the inner hole of the annular body so as to be parallel to and in contact with the lower surface of the annular bottom plate, and then the pressing plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the annular body through a tightening screw;

[0076] The thickness of the theoretical annular chassis in the preset theoretical ceramic component data model is adjusted to the thickness of the measured annular chassis to obtain a first ceramic component data model;

[0077] Connecting the tray to a chuck with a machined inner surface;

[0078] According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be processed connected to the chuck for inner surface processing and the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool is obtained;

[0079] The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the first processing system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the inner surface processing, and the relative position between the chuck base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool; and the relative position of the first ceramic component data model base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool is obtained according to the relative position of the first clamping part positioning groove, the second clamping part positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis;

[0080] The second ceramic component data model is obtained according to the relative position between the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the first machining system of the machine tool, and the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for inner surface machining and the base surface of the first machining system of the machine tool;

[0081] The first processing system of the machine tool processes the inner surface of the main body of the ceramic component according to the second ceramic component data model;

[0082] Then the tray is separated from the chuck with the inner surface processed, and then the tray is connected to the chuck with the outer surface processed;

[0083] According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for machining the outer surface and the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool is obtained;

[0084] The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the second machining system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the outer surface machining, and the relative position between the chuck base point of the outer surface machining and the second machining system base point of the machine tool;

[0085] The third ceramic component data model is obtained according to the relative position between the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the second machining system of the machine tool, and the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for outer surface machining and the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool;

[0086] The second processing system of the machine tool processes the outer surface of the ceramic component body according to the third ceramic component data model.

[0087] The beneficial effect of adopting the previous step is that by cutting the lower surface of the annular chassis of the ceramic component to be processed flat along the vertical direction of the support component reference line, measuring the thickness of the annular chassis, and cutting the annular chassis into an annular platform structure parallel to the lower surface of the annular chassis, the actual base surface and base point of the ceramic component to be processed and the theoretical mold base surface and base point of the ceramic component are extremely small.

[0088] By calibrating the relative position of the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove on the lower surface of the annular chassis and the center of the annular chassis to be consistent with the preset distance, the base points and base surfaces of the second ceramic component data model and the third ceramic component data model used as the basis for processing in the coordinate system of the processing system of the processing platform of the machine tool are consistent with the base points and base surfaces of the actual processed ceramic components; and the base points and base surfaces of the actual processed ceramic components remain unchanged after multiple positioning, thereby improving the processing accuracy without losing the original machining accuracy of the processing equipment, thereby achieving high processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0089] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional diagram of the tray of Example 1;

[0090] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional diagram of the chuck of Example 1;

[0091] Figure 3 is a top view of the chuck of Example 1;

[0092] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the chuck of Example 1.

[0093] Numbers shown in the figure: 1. first slider; 2. air path; 3. first accommodating space; 4. first limit block; 5. first supporting mechanism; 6. elastic telescopic mechanism; 7. ball; 8. first groove; 9. first positioning slot; 10. rolling groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0094] In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0095] Embodiment 1:

[0096] This embodiment provides a method for precision machining of ceramic components, comprising the following steps:

[0097] Presetting a theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the theoretical ceramic component data model includes a ceramic component theoretical model and a positioning clamping portion theoretical model;

[0098] Prepare a ceramic component processing body by integrally forming the theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the ceramic processing body includes a ceramic component body and a positioning clamping part body;

[0099] Connecting the ceramic component to be processed to a machine tool through a repeated positioning processing method to process the inner surface and the outer surface of the ceramic component body;

[0100] The positioning clamping part includes an annular chassis, and a first clamping part positioning groove and a second clamping part positioning groove located on the lower surface of the annular chassis;

[0101] The center of the annular chassis is the base point of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component to be processed, and the lower surface of the annular chassis is the base surface of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component;

[0102] The main body of the ceramic component comprises a conical small head end and a large end, and a cavity with an open end is arranged inside the main body of the ceramic component; the opening of the cavity is located at the large end.

[0103] The repeated positioning processing method comprises the following steps: connecting the ceramic component to be processed to a machine tool through a repeated positioning connection piece; the repeated positioning connection piece comprises a tray and a chuck; the tray comprises a first limiting connection part and a second limiting connection part; the chuck comprises a third limiting connection part and a fourth limiting connection part; the first limiting connection part is detachably connected to the positioning clamping part; the second limiting connection part is detachably connected to the third limiting connection part; the fourth limiting connection part is detachably connected to the processing platform of the machine tool;

[0104] The tray further comprises an annular main body; a first position-limiting connection portion is connected to the upper surface of the annular main body; a second position-limiting connection portion is arranged on the lower surface of the annular main body;

[0105] The first limiting connection part includes a plurality of first sliders 1 and a pressure plate. The first sliders 1 are slidably connected to the upper surface of the annular body. The sliders are fixed to the upper limit of the annular body through slider limiting connection parts. The pressure plate is annular and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the annular body.

[0106] The second limiting connection portion includes a plurality of first positioning slots 9 and rolling grooves 10;

[0107] The plurality of first positioning slots 9 are arranged on the lower surface of the annular main body;

[0108] The rolling groove 10 is arranged on the outer side of the annular body;

[0109] The upper surface of the annular body is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion which match the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove respectively;

[0110] The chuck also includes a chuck outer shell and a chuck body; the chuck shell is sleeved outside the chuck body; the chuck shell is detachably connected to the chuck body;

[0111] The chuck body is provided with a first accommodation space 3 adapted to the tray and open at both ends;

[0112] A second accommodating space is provided inside the chuck body;

[0113] The second accommodating space is arranged in an annular shape inside the chuck housing, and the second accommodating space is provided with a plurality of opposite openings along a radial direction;

[0114] The third limiting connection portion includes a first limiting structure and a first connection fixing structure; the first limiting mechanism includes an annular support portion and a plurality of first limiting blocks 4 located on the surface of the annular support portion; the first limiting mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the chuck body; the shape of the first limiting block 4 matches the shape of the first positioning slot 9;

[0115] The first connection and fixing structure includes a plurality of balls 7 and an elastic telescopic device;

[0116] A plurality of the balls 7 are arranged in the second accommodating space, and are located between the opposite openings; the height of the openings is smaller than the diameter of the balls 7;

[0117] The chuck outer shell is provided with a third accommodating space, and the elastic telescopic device is arranged in the third accommodating space; the ball 7 is in contact with the elastic telescopic device.

[0118] The elastic telescopic device comprises a first supporting mechanism 5 and an elastic telescopic mechanism 6, wherein the elastic telescopic mechanism 6 is a spring;

[0119] The third accommodating space is provided with a third accommodating space opening opposite to the second accommodating space opening; the first supporting mechanism 5 is provided with a first groove 8 adapted to the ball 7 on a side surface close to the third accommodating space opening;

[0120] One end of the elastic telescopic mechanism 6 is in contact with the outer shell of the chuck, and the other end is in contact with the first supporting mechanism 5;

[0121] The chuck housing is provided with an air passage 2 communicating with the third accommodating space, and the air passage 2 is communicated with the external space of the chuck housing.

[0122] The ceramic component to be processed is connected to the machine tool through a repeated positioning connection piece, comprising the following steps:

[0123] Placing the ceramic component to be processed on the upper surface of the annular main body of the tray, and arranging the lower surface of the annular bottom plate parallel to the upper surface of the annular main body;

[0124] The first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion are respectively located in the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove, so that the ceramic component to be processed and the tray are positioned according to preset conditions;

[0125] The first slider 1 slides along the upper surface of the annular body to clamp the positioning clamping portion of the ceramic component to be processed, and then the first slider 1 is detachably connected to the annular body;

[0126] The pallet is detachably positioned and connected to the processing platform of the machine tool through the fourth limiting connection part;

[0127] The air path 2 of the chuck housing is connected to the air source, and then the tray connected to the ceramic component to be processed is placed in the first accommodating space 3 of the chuck body, and the first positioning slot 9 is matched and connected with the first limit block 4 accordingly; the air source is separated from the air path 2 to realize the directional connection between the tray and the chuck.

[0128] Then, the positioning and clamping portion is cut off to obtain the ceramic component;

[0129] The actual size of the ceramic component body and the theoretical size error are ≤0.004mm.

[0130] Embodiment 2:

[0131] The same contents as those in Example 1 are not described in detail here. The differences between this embodiment and Example 1 are as follows:

[0132] This embodiment provides a method for precision machining of ceramic components, further comprising: the fourth limiting connection portion comprises a plurality of second limiting blocks, the second limiting blocks are arranged along the outer surface of the chuck shell; the error between the actual size and the theoretical size of the ceramic component body is ≤0.003mm.

[0133] The method also includes the following steps: firstly sleeve the ceramic component to be processed on the surface of the support component of the processing machine, wherein the shape of the support component is consistent with the inner surface of the ceramic component to be processed;

[0134] Cut the lower surface of the annular chassis of the ceramic component to be processed flat along the vertical direction of the support component reference line, measure the thickness of the annular chassis, and cut an annular platform structure parallel to the lower surface of the annular chassis on the annular chassis;

[0135] Calibrate that the relative positions of the first clamping portion positioning groove, the second clamping portion positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis on the lower surface of the annular chassis are consistent with a preset distance;

[0136] The upper surface of the first slider 1 is slidably connected with the second slider. The first slider 1 slides along the upper surface of the annular body, and the second slider slides along the upper surface of the first slider to clamp the annular platform structure of the annular chassis. Then, the first slider is detachably connected to the annular body, and the first slider is detachably connected to the second slider shell.

[0137] The pressing plate is placed in the inner hole of the annular body so as to be parallel to and in contact with the lower surface of the annular bottom plate, and then the pressing plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the annular body through a tightening screw;

[0138] The thickness of the theoretical annular chassis in the preset theoretical ceramic component data model is adjusted to the thickness of the measured annular chassis to obtain a first ceramic component data model;

[0139] Connecting the tray to a chuck with a machined inner surface;

[0140] According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be processed connected to the chuck for inner surface processing and the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool is obtained;

[0141] The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the first processing system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the inner surface processing, and the relative position between the chuck base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool; and the relative position of the first ceramic component data model base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool is obtained according to the relative position of the first clamping part positioning groove, the second clamping part positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis;

[0142] The second ceramic component data model is obtained according to the relative position between the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the first machining system of the machine tool, and the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for inner surface machining and the base surface of the first machining system of the machine tool;

[0143] The first processing system of the machine tool processes the inner surface of the main body of the ceramic component according to the second ceramic component data model;

[0144] Then the tray is separated from the chuck with the inner surface processed, and then the tray is connected to the chuck with the outer surface processed;

[0145] According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for machining the outer surface and the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool is obtained;

[0146] The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the second machining system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the outer surface machining, and the relative position between the chuck base point of the outer surface machining and the second machining system base point of the machine tool;

[0147] The third ceramic component data model is obtained according to the relative position between the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the second machining system of the machine tool, and the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for outer surface machining and the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool;

[0148] The second processing system of the machine tool processes the outer surface of the ceramic component body according to the third ceramic component data model.

[0149] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and an explanation of the technical principles used. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of the invention involved in the present application is not limited to the technical solution formed by a specific combination of the above technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by any combination of the above technical features or their equivalent features without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features are replaced with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in the present application.

Claims

1. A method for precision machining of ceramic parts, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Presetting a theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the theoretical ceramic component data model includes a ceramic component theoretical model and a positioning clamping portion theoretical model; Prepare a ceramic component processing body by integrally forming the theoretical ceramic component data model, wherein the ceramic processing body includes a ceramic component body and a positioning clamping part body; Debinding the ceramic component processing body and sintering it in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a ceramic component to be processed; the ceramic component to be processed includes a ceramic component body and a positioning clamping part; The ceramic component to be processed is connected to a machine tool through a repeated positioning processing method to process the inner surface and the outer surface of the ceramic component body; then the positioning clamping part is cut off to obtain the ceramic component; The actual size of the ceramic component body and the theoretical size error are ≤0.005mm.

2. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The repeated positioning processing method comprises the following steps: Connecting the ceramic component to be processed to the machine tool via a repeated positioning connector; The repeatable positioning connector includes a tray and a chuck; The tray includes a first position limiting connection portion and a second position limiting connection portion; The chuck includes a third limiting connection part and a fourth limiting connection part; The first limiting connection portion is detachably connected to the positioning clamping portion; The second limiting connection part is detachably connected to the third limiting connection part; The fourth limiting connection portion is detachably positioned and connected to the processing platform of the machine tool.

3. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioning clamping part includes an annular chassis, and a first clamping part positioning groove and a second clamping part positioning groove located on the lower surface of the annular chassis; The center of the annular chassis is the base point of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component to be processed, and the lower surface of the annular chassis is the base surface of the actual coordinate system of the ceramic component; The main body of the ceramic component comprises a conical small head end and a large end, and a cavity with an open end is arranged inside the main body of the ceramic component; the opening of the cavity is located at the large end.

4. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 3, characterized in that: The tray also includes a ring-shaped body; The upper surface of the annular body is connected with a first position-limiting connection portion; A second limiting connection portion is disposed on the lower surface of the annular main body.

5. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first limiting connection part includes a plurality of first sliders, a pressure plate, and a slider limiting connection piece. The first slider is slidably connected to the upper surface of the annular body, and the slider is fixed on the upper limit of the annular body through the slider limiting connection piece. The pressing plate is in the shape of a ring and is detachably connected to the inner wall of the ring-shaped main body.

6. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second limiting connection portion includes a plurality of first positioning slots and rolling grooves; The plurality of first positioning slots are arranged on the lower surface of the annular main body; The rolling groove is arranged on the outer side of the annular body; The upper surface of the annular main body is provided with a first positioning protrusion and a second positioning protrusion which respectively match the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove.

7. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The chuck also includes a chuck outer shell and a chuck main body; The chuck housing is sleeved on the outside of the chuck body; the chuck housing is detachably connected to the chuck body; The chuck body is provided with a first accommodating space adapted to the tray and open at both ends; A second accommodating space is provided inside the chuck body; The second accommodating space is arranged in an annular shape inside the chuck housing, and the second accommodating space is provided with a plurality of opposite openings along a radial direction; The third limiting connection portion includes a first limiting structure and a first connection fixing structure; The first limiting mechanism includes an annular support portion and a plurality of first limiting blocks located on the surface of the annular support portion; the first limiting mechanism is connected to the inner wall of the chuck body; the shape of the first limiting block matches the shape of the first positioning slot; The first connection and fixing structure includes a plurality of balls and an elastic telescopic device; A plurality of the balls are arranged in the second accommodating space, and are located between the opposite openings; the height of the openings is smaller than the diameter of the balls; The chuck outer shell is provided with a third accommodating space, and the elastic telescopic device is arranged in the third accommodating space; The ball is in contact with the elastic telescopic device.

8. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The elastic telescopic device comprises a first supporting mechanism and an elastic telescopic mechanism; The third accommodating space is provided with a third accommodating space opening opposite to the second accommodating space opening; the first supporting mechanism is provided with a first groove adapted to the ball on a side surface close to the third accommodating space opening; One end of the elastic telescopic mechanism is in contact with the outer shell of the chuck, and the other end is in contact with the first supporting mechanism; The chuck housing is provided with an air passage communicating with the third accommodating space, and the air passage is communicated with the external space of the chuck housing; and / or The fourth limiting connection portion includes a plurality of second limiting blocks, and the second limiting blocks are arranged along the outer surface of the chuck housing.

9. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: The ceramic component to be processed is connected to the machine tool through a repeated positioning connection piece, comprising the following steps: Placing the ceramic component to be processed on the upper surface of the annular main body of the tray, and arranging the lower surface of the annular bottom plate parallel to the upper surface of the annular main body; The first positioning protrusion and the second positioning protrusion are respectively located in the first clamping part positioning groove and the second clamping part positioning groove, so that the ceramic component to be processed and the tray are positioned according to preset conditions; The first slider slides along the upper surface of the annular body to clamp the positioning clamping portion of the ceramic component to be processed, and then the first slider is detachably connected to the annular body; The pallet is detachably positioned and connected to the processing platform of the machine tool through the fourth limiting connection part; The air path of the chuck housing is connected to the air source, and then the tray connected to the ceramic component to be processed is placed in the first accommodating space of the chuck body, and the first positioning slot is matched and connected with the first limit block accordingly; the air source and the air path are separated to realize the directional connection between the tray and the chuck.

10. The method for precision machining of ceramic parts according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are also included: First, the ceramic component to be processed is sleeved on the surface of the support component of the processing machine tool, and the shape of the support component is consistent with the inner surface of the ceramic component to be processed; Cut the lower surface of the annular chassis of the ceramic component to be processed flat along the vertical direction of the support component reference line, measure the thickness of the annular chassis, and cut an annular platform structure parallel to the lower surface of the annular chassis on the annular chassis; Calibrate that the relative positions of the first clamping portion positioning groove, the second clamping portion positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis on the lower surface of the annular chassis are consistent with a preset distance; The upper surface of the first slider is slidably connected to the second slider, and the first slider slides along the upper surface of the annular body, and the second slider slides along the upper surface of the first slider to clamp the annular platform structure of the annular chassis, and then the first slider is detachably connected to the annular body, and the first slider is detachably connected to the second slider shell; The pressing plate is placed in the inner hole of the annular body so as to be parallel to and in contact with the lower surface of the annular bottom plate, and then the pressing plate is detachably connected to the inner wall of the annular body through a tightening screw; The thickness of the theoretical annular chassis in the preset theoretical ceramic component data model is adjusted to the thickness of the measured annular chassis to obtain a first ceramic component data model; Connecting the tray to a chuck with a machined inner surface; According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for inner surface processing and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be processed connected to the chuck for inner surface processing and the base surface of the first processing system of the machine tool is obtained; The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the first processing system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the inner surface processing, and the relative position between the chuck base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool; and the relative position of the first ceramic component data model base point and the first processing system base point of the machine tool is obtained according to the relative position of the first clamping part positioning groove, the second clamping part positioning groove and the center of the annular chassis; The second ceramic component data model is obtained according to the relative position between the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the first machining system of the machine tool, and the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for inner surface machining and the base surface of the first machining system of the machine tool; The first processing system of the machine tool processes the inner surface of the main body of the ceramic component according to the second ceramic component data model; Then the tray is separated from the chuck with the inner surface processed, and then the tray is connected to the chuck with the outer surface processed; According to the relative position relationship between the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool and the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface, and the relative position between the base surface of the chuck body for machining the outer surface and the lower surface of the annular body, the relative position between the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be machined connected to the chuck for machining the outer surface and the base surface of the second machining system of the machine tool is obtained; The relative positions of the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the second machining system base point of the machine tool are obtained through the positional relationship between the first positioning protrusion, the second positioning protrusion and the pallet base point, the relative position between the pallet base point and the chuck base point of the outer surface machining, and the relative position between the chuck base point of the outer surface machining and the second machining system base point of the machine tool; The third ceramic component data model is obtained based on the relative position of the base point of the first ceramic component data model and the base point of the second processing system of the machine tool, and the relative position of the actual base surface of the ceramic component to be processed connected to the chuck for outer surface processing and the base surface of the second processing system of the machine tool; the second processing system of the machine tool processes the outer surface of the ceramic component body according to the third ceramic component data model.

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