Low-noise side-push opening and closing device for underwater vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a low-noise side-push opening and closing device for an underwater vehicle, and belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise reduction of the underwater vehicle. Hydrodynamic noise caused by trepanning of the side thruster in the high-speed sailing process is reduced through opening and closing of the blades. The device comprises blades, a blade rotating shaft, a sleeve, a limiting device and a spring. The blades and the blade rotating shaft are integrally and fixedly connected, and an eccentric structure is combined for optimization. The blade rotating shaft is connected with the limiting device through the sleeve, the limiting device precisely restrains the rotating range of the blade, and therefore the opening and closing angle is effectively controlled. According to the device, when the side thruster operates, the blades can be automatically opened under the action of water flow of the side thruster; and when the side thruster stops running, the blades are automatically closed under the action of the incoming flow of the bow and are conformal with the shell, so that low-noise running is realized. The design structure is simple, operation is reliable, the wide application potential is achieved, and the hydrodynamic noise of the aircraft can be remarkably reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of underwater vehicles, and in particular relates to a low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of marine technology, the design and application of underwater vehicles have received increasing attention. In order to achieve underwater steering, underwater vehicles are usually equipped with thrusters on both sides and have large openings. However, these openings will generate significant hydrodynamic noise when sailing at high speeds, affecting the low-noise performance of the vehicle. Existing vibration and noise reduction measures, such as optimizing the shell profile and reducing the number of openings, have not yet effectively controlled the noise generated by the thruster openings. Although there are solutions to reduce noise by opening and closing blades, most of them rely on manual control, which is difficult to respond quickly and rapidly, and cannot completely eliminate the hydrodynamic noise caused by the openings. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a technical solution that can automatically adjust the opening and closing angle of the blades and is co-shaped with the underwater vehicle shell, so as to effectively reduce hydrodynamic noise and improve the quiet performance of the vehicle. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a low-noise thrust opening and closing device for an underwater vehicle, so as to solve the problem of excessive hydrodynamic noise caused by structural depression of a conventional thrust device in a non-working state.

[0004] The present invention provides a low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for an underwater vehicle, comprising a blade, a blade shaft, a sleeve and a spring; the top and bottom ends of the blade are arranged with the blade shaft, and the blade and the blade shaft are fixedly connected to form an integrated design; shaft protrusions are provided on both sides of the blade shaft and are embedded in the sleeve; the sleeve is symmetrically provided with protruding structures penetrating on both sides; the sleeve is a cylindrical structure, and the protruding structure is a rectangular structure; a limiting device is provided on the outside of the sleeve, and one end of the sleeve is a closed surface; the two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the closed surface of the sleeve and the limiting device.

[0005] Furthermore, the blade shaft at the top of the blade is eccentrically designed, and the blade areas on both sides of the blade shaft are asymmetric to ensure that the rotation torque provided by the side thrust is greater than the sum of its own friction torque and the total restoring torque provided by the spring. The blade lengths a1 and a2 on the left and right sides of the blade shaft meet the following design:

[0006]

[0007] Where a1 and a2 are the blade lengths on the left and right sides of the blade shaft respectively; g is the acceleration of gravity; r is the radius of the blade shaft; μ is the friction coefficient corresponding to the sleeve material; P is the additional pressure provided during the thrust operation; ρ blade , waterare the density of the blade and the density of water respectively; k is the spring stiffness; l is the initial elongation; θ is the angle between the blade and the longitudinal section of the underwater vehicle when the blade is closed; R is the distance between the position of the spring and the center line of the sleeve; t is the thickness of the blade; and b is the length of the blade.

[0008] Furthermore, the blade width d 叶 Designed based on the radius R of the side thrust opening and the small length d reserved on both sides of the blade arrangement:

[0009]

[0010] Where n is the total number of leaves.

[0011] Furthermore, the length b of the i-th blade i :

[0012]

[0013] When n is an even number, i is A positive integer, i is counted from one side of the blade; when n is an odd number, i is i is a positive integer, where i is counted from one side of the blade.

[0014] Furthermore, the stiffness k and the initial elongation l of the spring are designed to satisfy the requirement that the total torque applied by the spring to the sleeve is greater than the static friction torque between the sleeve and the limit device when the blade rotates:

[0015]

[0016] Furthermore, the limiting device is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the limiting device is provided with two limiting blocks which are centrally symmetrically arranged and 180° apart along the circumferential direction, and are used to constrain the protruding structures on both sides of the sleeve.

[0017] Furthermore, the limit block is in the shape of a fan ring cylinder, and the chord-center distance corresponding to one side of the fan ring is half the width of the sleeve protruding structure; the angles corresponding to the two sides of the limit block and the rotation range of the blade are complementary angles.

[0018] Furthermore, the sleeve is embedded in the limiting device and is coaxially arranged with the limiting device, and the sleeve can rotate in the limiting device.

[0019] Furthermore, the side with a smaller blade area should be installed on the side close to the head of the underwater vehicle, and the installation of the limiting device allows the side with a larger blade area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle.

[0020] Furthermore, when the predictor is running, the blades of the device are acted upon by the rotational torque generated by the water flow, causing the side with a larger blade area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle, thereby achieving automatic opening of the blades; when the predictor stops running, the blades rotate to the angular limit position of the limit device under the combined action of the bow flow and the spring, and enter a closed state, at which time the blades are conformal to the shell surface, thereby achieving low-noise navigation.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] The present invention combines an eccentric blade design with a limit device to achieve automatic opening and closing of the blades while significantly reducing fluid noise in a non-working state, thereby achieving low-noise navigation of the underwater vehicle; the present invention designs blade parameters and spring rigidity to fully meet the requirement that the blades can be automatically opened and closed; the device of the present invention has a simple structure, efficient function switching, and good applicability and reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for an underwater vehicle according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the blade structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a front structural schematic diagram of the sleeve and the limiting device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the back structure of the sleeve, spring and limit device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention in a side thrust non-working state;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the device of the present invention in a side thrust working state;

[0030] Figure 8 This is an overall internal cross-sectional view of the underwater vehicle.

[0031] The reference numerals are: 1-blade, 2-blade shaft, 3-shaft protrusion, 4-sleeve, 5-limiting device, 6-spring, 7-thruster, 8-underwater vehicle shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention is described in detail below through specific implementation modes in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses a low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles, which includes a blade, a blade shaft, a sleeve, a limit device and a spring. The blade is fixedly connected to the blade shaft to form an integrated fixed connection design, and both ends of the blade shaft are connected to the limit device through the sleeve, one end of the sleeve is a closed surface, and both ends of the spring are respectively connected to the closed surface of the sleeve and the limit device.

[0034] The blades are eccentrically designed relative to the blade shaft, and the blades on both sides of the shaft have different lengths to ensure that the rotational torque provided by the side thrust is greater than the sum of its own friction torque and the restoring torque provided by the four springs.

[0035] The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device has a plurality of blades, and the length of each blade is strictly designed so that it can be carefully arranged at the circular opening corresponding to the side thrust.

[0036] Both ends of the blade shaft are provided with shaft protrusions, which are embedded in the sleeve and fit with the inner wall of the sleeve. The sleeve is embedded in the limit device and is coaxially configured with the limit device. The sleeve can rotate in the limit device. The main body of the limit device is a cylindrical groove structure, and its inner wall is provided with two symmetrically arranged and 180° apart limit blocks along the circumferential direction, which are used to constrain the structures on both sides of the sleeve centerline respectively. The limit device limits the rotation range of the sleeve through the internal structure, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the blade. The angles corresponding to the two sides of each limit block in the limit device and the chord-center distances corresponding to the two sides of the limit block are strictly designed, and the distance between one side of the limit block structure and the radial center line of the center of the circle is half the width of the protruding rectangular structure of the sleeve; to ensure that after assembly, the limits of the blade rotation angle correspond to the state where the blade is conformal with the underwater vehicle shell, and the state where the blade is perpendicular to the longitudinal section of the underwater vehicle.

[0037] After assembly is completed, the side with a smaller blade area should be assembled on the side close to the head of the underwater vehicle, and the installation of the limiting device should allow the side with a larger blade area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle.

[0038] Two springs are arranged outside the limiter; one end of each spring is connected to the sleeve, and the other end is connected to the fixed point on the limiter. And when the sleeve is in contact with the fixed point and is in close contact, the spring is in a predetermined tension state. The stiffness and initial elongation of the spring are precisely controlled to ensure that the total torque applied by the four springs of each blade to the upper and lower sleeves is slightly greater than the friction torque between the sleeve and the limiter when the blade rotates.

[0039] The low-noise thruster opening and closing device uses a hydrodynamic adaptive mechanism. When the thruster is running, the blades are automatically opened by the water flow; after the thruster stops running, the blades are automatically closed by the bow flow, thereby effectively achieving low-noise operation.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 , Figure 5 As shown, the low-noise side thrust opening and closing device of the present invention comprises a blade 1, a blade shaft 2, a sleeve 4, a limit device 5 and a spring 6. The device is mainly used for the side thrust operation of an underwater vehicle, and the hydrodynamic noise generated by the side thrust functional opening of the underwater vehicle is effectively reduced by optimizing the design of the blade 1 and the limit device 5.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 The length of each blade 1 in the device is strictly designed to fit the circular opening at the side thruster so that the side thruster can work normally.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 The blade 1 is fixedly connected to the blade shaft 2 to form an integrated structure.

[0044] Reference Figure 2 , the blade 1 is eccentrically designed relative to the blade shaft 2, and the blade areas on both sides of the blade shaft 2 are asymmetric. Therefore, when the side thruster is working, the additional pressure P provided by the side thruster will produce different thrusts on both sides of the blade, which are: and (where θ is the angle between the blade and the longitudinal section of the underwater vehicle, and a1 and a2 are shown in the following formulas respectively). Assuming that the friction area between the sleeve and the limit device is roughly the circular area corresponding to the blade shaft, the friction force can be calculated to be approximately: (where ρ represents density, g is the acceleration of gravity, t is the thickness of the blade, r is the radius of the blade axis, and μ is the friction coefficient of the material), and considering the tension of the spring, the various parameters of the blade need to satisfy the following formulas for the blade to open normally:

[0045]

[0046] (where k is the spring stiffness, l is the extension of the spring when the blade is closed, and R is the distance between the spring position and the center line of the sleeve)

[0047] Therefore, the lengths a1 and a2 on both sides of the blade axis must at least roughly satisfy the following inequality:

[0048]

[0049] The device has a plurality of blades 1, and the length of each blade 1 is strictly designed so that it can be carefully arranged at the circular opening corresponding to the side thrust. If n blades are designed to be arranged, the width of each blade should be as close as possible to d is the small length reserved on both sides of the blade arrangement, and R is the radius of the side thrust opening.

[0050] Counting from one side, the length of the i-th blade should be as close as possible to the length described by the following formula, so that the blade can cover the opening area as completely as possible:

[0051]

[0052] When the number of leaves n is an odd number, the value of i ranges from 1 to When the number of blades n is an even number, the value of i ranges from 1 to A positive integer.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 5 The two ends of the blade shaft 2 are provided with shaft protrusions 3, which are embedded in the sleeve 4 after installation and fit with the inner wall of the sleeve 4, so that the limiting device 5 can limit the angle of the blade 1 by limiting the angle of the sleeve 4.

[0054] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 5 The sleeve 4 is embedded in the limiting device 5 and is coaxially arranged with the limiting device 5 so that the sleeve 4 can rotate in the limiting device 5 .

[0055] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 The main body of the limit device 5 is a cylindrical groove structure, and its inner wall is provided with two inward limit blocks which are arranged symmetrically along the circumferential direction. These limit blocks act as "mechanical gears". This design makes it possible for the edge of the sleeve 4 to contact the limit blocks in the groove when the sleeve 4 is placed in the groove and rotates around its center, thereby limiting the rotation angle of the sleeve 4. The chord-center distance corresponding to the two sides of each limit block in the limit device 5 is half the width of the sleeve, and the angles corresponding to the two sides of the limit block are precisely designed, and the angles corresponding to the two sides of the limit block should be complementary to the rotation range angle of the blade. This ensures that after assembly, the limits of the rotation angles of the blade 1 correspond to the conformal states of the blade 1 and the underwater vehicle shell 8, such as Figure 6 and the state in which the blade 1 is perpendicular to the longitudinal section of the underwater vehicle, as shown Figure 7 When the thruster 7 is opened or closed, the blade 1 can respond quickly and stabilize in place.

[0056] Reference Figure 4, two springs 6 are arranged outside the limit device 5; one end of each spring 6 is connected to the sleeve 4, and the other end is connected to a fixed point on the limit device 5. Moreover, when the sleeve 4 contacts and fits tightly with the limit block of the limit device 5, the spring 6 is in a predetermined tension state, and its stiffness and initial elongation are precisely regulated to ensure that the total torque applied to the sleeve 4 is slightly greater than the static friction torque between the sleeve 4 and the limit device 5, as shown in the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] This design allows the blade 1 to remain in a normally closed state under the action of the spring 6 when the underwater vehicle is in a stationary state and the water flow has no rotational torque on the blade 1 .

[0059] After the device is assembled, the side of the blade 1 with a smaller area should be assembled on the side close to the head of the underwater vehicle, and the assembly of the limit device 5 should allow the side of the blade 1 with a larger area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle, so that the blade 1 can be opened and closed normally.

[0060] Reference Figure 8 The device is in direct contact with seawater, and the opening and closing process of the device is mainly realized by the external water flow and the thruster 7. When the thruster is in working state, the blade 1 drives the sleeve 4 to rotate outward under the action of the water flow ejected by the thruster, so that the thruster can work normally; when the thruster 7 is in non-working state, the blade 1 drives the sleeve 4 to rotate to a preset rotation limit angle under the action of the bow flow, conforming to the underwater vehicle shell 8, reducing the hydrodynamic noise caused by the water flow due to the opening, and realizing low-noise navigation of the vehicle.

[0061] The device of the present invention is installed at the opening corresponding to the thruster 7 in the underwater vehicle to achieve low-noise navigation of the underwater vehicle.

[0062] In summary, the optimized design of the blade structure of the present invention, combined with the stable control of the limit device, enables the thruster opening and closing device to achieve low-noise operation during the thrust operation of the underwater vehicle, which not only reduces the radiated noise of the underwater vehicle, but also improves its stability and controllability in complex underwater environments.

[0063] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific implementation methods described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and changes can be made. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and use the present invention well.

Claims

1. A low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles, characterized in that: It comprises a blade (1), a blade shaft (2), a sleeve (4) and a spring (6); The top and bottom ends of the blade (1) are provided with blade shafts (2), and the blade (1) and the blade shaft (2) are fixedly connected to form an integrated design; shaft protrusions (3) are provided on both sides of the blade shaft (2) and are embedded in the sleeve (4); the sleeve (4) is symmetrically provided with protruding structures penetrating therethrough on both sides; a limiting device (5) is provided on the outside of the sleeve (4); and the two ends of the spring (6) are respectively connected to the sleeve (4) and the limiting device (5).

2. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blade shaft (2) at the top of the blade (1) is eccentrically designed, and the areas of the blades (1) on both sides of the blade shaft (2) are asymmetric so as to ensure that the rotation torque provided by the side thrust is greater than the sum of its own friction torque and the total restoring torque provided by the spring. The lengths a1 and a2 of the blades on the left and right sides of the blade shaft (2) meet the following design: Where a1 and a2 are the blade lengths on the left and right sides of the blade shaft respectively; g is the acceleration of gravity; r is the radius of the blade shaft; μ is the friction coefficient corresponding to the sleeve material; P is the additional pressure provided during the thrust operation; ρ blade , water are the density of the blade and the density of water respectively; k is the spring stiffness; l is the initial elongation; θ is the angle between the blade and the longitudinal section of the underwater vehicle when the blade is closed; R is the distance between the position of the spring and the center line of the sleeve; t is the thickness of the blade; and b is the length of the blade.

3. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade width d 叶 Designed based on the radius R of the side thrust opening and the small length d reserved on both sides of the blade arrangement: Where n is the total number of leaves.

4. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The length b of the i-th blade i : When n is an even number, i is is a positive integer, i is counted from one side of the blade; when n is an odd number, i is i is a positive integer, where i is counted from one side of the blade.

5. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stiffness k and the initial elongation l of the spring (6) are designed to satisfy the requirement that the total torque applied by the spring (6) to the sleeve (4) is greater than the static friction torque between the sleeve (4) and the limiting device (5) when the blade (1) rotates:

6. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting device (5) is cylindrical, and the inner wall of the limiting device (5) is provided with two limiting blocks arranged symmetrically and 180 degrees apart along the circumferential direction, which are used to constrain the protruding structures on both sides of the sleeve (4).

7. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sleeve (4) is embedded in the limiting device (5) and is coaxially arranged with the limiting device (5). The sleeve (4) can rotate in the limiting device (5).

8. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limit block is in the shape of a fan ring cylinder, and the chord-center distance corresponding to one side of the fan ring is half the width of the protruding structure of the sleeve (4); the included angles corresponding to the two sides of the limit block and the rotation range of the blade (1) are complementary angles.

9. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the blade (1) with a smaller area should be installed on the side close to the head of the underwater vehicle, and the installation of the limiting device (5) enables the side of the blade (1) with a larger area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle.

10. The low-noise side thrust opening and closing device for underwater vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the predictor is in operation, the blades (1) of the device are acted upon by the rotational torque generated by the water flow, causing the side of the blade with a larger area to rotate toward the outside of the underwater vehicle, thereby realizing automatic opening of the blades (1); when the predictor stops operating, the blades (1) rotate to the angular limit position of the limit device (5) under the combined action of the bow flow and the spring (6), entering a closed state, at which time the blades (1) are conformed to the shell surface, thereby realizing low-noise navigation.

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