Belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals

Abstract

The invention relates to a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, which is applied to the field of conveyors, and can effectively sense the real-time temperature and sound change condition of each group of carrier rollers through the arrangement of two groups of vibration measurement optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, and can accurately position the position of a faulted carrier roller after wearing, thereby improving the fault diagnosis accuracy. In addition, in the temperature detection process, in cooperation with the arrangement of the heat conduction bridge, three-point temperature detection and cross comparison can be carried out on the same group of carrier rollers, on one hand, on the other hand, on the other hand, on the other hand, on the other hand, the temperature of the carrier rollers can be detected, and on the other hand, the fault carrier rollers can be accurately positioned and warned in advance. On the one hand, whether the corresponding carrier roller is abnormal or not can be effectively detected, on the other hand, reference data can be provided for other carrier rollers, and compared with non-contact and single-point temperature monitoring, the accuracy of the detection result is greatly improved, and the occurrence of false alarms is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, and in particular to a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals applied in the conveyor field. Background Art

[0002] Belt conveyors, also known as rubber belt conveyors, are widely used in various industries such as household appliances, electronics, electrical appliances, machinery, tobacco, injection molding, post and telecommunications, printing, and food for assembly, testing, debugging, packaging, and transportation of objects. Belt conveyors have strong conveying capacity, long conveying distance, simple structure, easy maintenance, and can easily implement programmed control and automated operation. The continuous or intermittent movement of the conveyor belt is used to convey objects under 100KG or powdery or granular objects. It runs at high speed, smoothly, with low noise, and can be conveyed up and down slopes.

[0003] When belt conveyors are transporting materials, the rollers are prone to wear, causing abnormal noise and heat. However, since conveyors are generally installed in factories, workshops or construction sites, there is generally a lot of noise and the ambient temperature is high, which makes it difficult to detect when the conveyor rollers are abnormal. Often, they are only discovered when the wear is very serious, which not only affects the stable transportation of materials by the conveyor, but also easily causes damage to the rollers that is difficult to repair. In severe cases, there may even be an accident where materials fall off the conveyor in large quantities.

[0004] To overcome the above problems, a Chinese patent specification with announcement number CN116280987A discloses a belt conveyor fault monitoring and early warning system. The image acquisition system is used to acquire images of key parts of the belt conveyor during operation and to monitor them in real time. However, belt conveyors generally transport over long distances, and it is difficult to obtain all continuous image information in this way, resulting in monitoring results that are often less accurate.

[0005] The Chinese patent specification with announcement number CN101975083B discloses a belt conveyor roller fault monitoring system, which performs fault diagnosis by collecting sound signals or temperature signals. However, the temperature signal is collected by a non-contact sensor installed at the bottom of the belt conveyor. For the lower part of the belt conveyor, the air convection will take away some heat, resulting in the measured data being generally low. In addition, since the air convection conditions in the environment are relatively complex and changeable, and are not constant, the low amplitude of the data is also in a changing and fluctuating state, so that during monitoring, some abnormalities of the roller are easily ignored, affecting the monitoring accuracy. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that due to the special working environment, it is difficult to detect in time when the belt conveyor roller is seriously worn.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, which adopts a roller monitoring system to monitor the rollers of the belt conveyor and perform fault diagnosis. The roller monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms and an alarm unit. One monitoring platform includes a temperature-sensing optical cable installed at the left and right bottoms of the belt conveyor rollers and a temperature measuring host for receiving temperature data on the temperature-sensing optical cable. The other monitoring platform includes a vibration measuring optical cable installed between adjacent roller bodies of the belt conveyor rollers and a sound monitoring host for receiving vibration data on the vibration measuring optical cable. A heat conduction bridge is arranged between the temperature-sensing optical cable and the end of the roller of the belt conveyor, the initial end of the heat conduction bridge is located at the roller bearing, and the end end is sleeved on the outside of the temperature-sensing optical cable. The fault diagnosis method of the belt conveyor includes the following steps: S1. First, install two sets of temperature measuring optical cables at the bottom of the belt conveyor rollers. The two temperature measuring optical cables run through the bottom of multiple rollers. Vibration measuring optical cables are respectively set at two gaps of the roller body on the same roller, and the temperature sensing optical cable is located below the vibration measuring optical cable. S2. Mark the corresponding rollers of the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration measuring optical cable. The temperature measuring host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform; S3. The monitoring and analysis layer first captures the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares the temperature data and vibration data with the preset threshold range respectively. When they are not within the threshold range, it means that the corresponding roller is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely infers the corresponding roller based on the marked point, thereby locating the fault point and performing alarm processing.

[0008] In the above-mentioned belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, through the setting of two groups of vibration measuring optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of rollers can be effectively sensed. When wear occurs, the two data will show abnormal changes, so that the position of "a certain group" of faulty rollers can be accurately located, thereby accurately locating the faulty rollers and issuing early warnings before the accident occurs, facilitating timely maintenance, greatly reducing the difficult-to-repair wear of the faulty rollers, and ensuring the stable transportation of materials.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present application, in step S2, when marking the temperature-sensitive optical cable, three marking points are taken on the same conveyor roller, and the three marking points are: The end of the heat conduction bridge corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body is marked as point A; The end of the heat conduction bridge corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller is marked as point B; The outer end of the temperature-sensitive optical cable that is close to the roller and in an exposed state is recorded as point C, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding roller does not exceed half of the distance between the two rollers; The values ​​monitored at the corresponding multiple points A on the multiple rollers constitute a group of data, and correspondingly, the values ​​monitored at the multiple points B and the multiple points C also constitute a group of data.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present application, the heat conduction bridge includes two vertical thermal insulation tubes respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat thermal insulation sheet fixedly connected to the upper end of the roller platform, and two heat collecting rings sleeved on the outside of the vibration measuring optical cable, and the vertical thermal insulation tubes and the flat thermal insulation sheets are fixedly embedded with heat-conducting cores, the ends of the two heat-conducting cores are fixedly extended to the heat-conducting rings and fixedly connected to the heat-conducting rings, the flat thermal insulation sheet is fixedly connected to the vertical thermal insulation tube at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the heat-conducting core in the vertical thermal insulation tube at the lower end of the inclined roller body is fixedly penetrated through the flat thermal insulation sheet.

[0011] As a further improvement of the present application, the method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S3 includes the following steps: S31. After receiving the data of multiple marking points, the monitoring and analysis layer first compares the values ​​of point A and point B at the same conveyor roller. When the difference between the two is within the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding conveyor roller may be abnormal, and these conveyor rollers are selected to wait for secondary monitoring and analysis. S32, the monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values ​​of multiple points A and multiple points B corresponding to the rollers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values ​​with low dispersion, calculates the average value, and obtains A 均 and B 均 ; S33, compare the value of point A at the roller where there may be an abnormality with A, and compare the value of point B with B 均 Comparison is made. When the difference between the two is within the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding roller is abnormal.

[0012] As a further improvement of the present application, when the roller is judged to be abnormal, the value at C of the corresponding roller is respectively compared with A 均 and B 均 Compare the two values. The smaller the difference, the more serious the heating of the roller. At the same time, according to the operation of step S32, the average value C of the data at C is calculated. 均 , C 均 The larger the value, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom roller of the belt conveyor. 均When the corresponding set threshold is exceeded, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal.

[0013] As another improvement of the present application, a wear compensation unit is further provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor roller, the wear compensation unit includes a monitoring component fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket, the monitoring component includes two L-shaped brackets respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket, the ends of the L-shaped brackets are fixedly connected to supporting plates, and the ends of the two supporting plates close to each other are respectively fixedly installed with laser emitters and light receiving hemispheres, and the light receiving hemispheres are located at the lower end of the inclined roller body.

[0014] As another improved supplement of the present application, the compensation assembly includes two electric push rods fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods. The compensation roller is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and does not contact the inclined roller body.

[0015] As another improved supplement of the present application, the laser emitter, the inclined roller body and the light receiving hemisphere are coaxially arranged, and the light receiving hemisphere is a hemispherical structure.

[0016] In summary, through the setting of two groups of vibration-measuring optical cables and temperature-sensing optical cables, the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of rollers can be effectively sensed. When wear occurs, the two data will show abnormal changes, so that the position of a "certain group" of faulty rollers can be accurately located, so that the faulty rollers can be accurately located and early warned before the accident occurs, which is convenient for timely maintenance, greatly reducing the difficult-to-repair wear of the faulty rollers, and ensuring the stable transportation of materials; in addition, during the detection process, the same group of rollers are tested for three-point temperature and compared. On the one hand, it can effectively detect whether the corresponding rollers are abnormal, and on the other hand, it can also be used to compare the data of other rollers. Compared with single-point temperature monitoring, it greatly improves the accuracy of the detection results and effectively avoids false alarms; in addition, when abnormal wear is determined, under the setting of the wear compensation unit, the abnormally worn rollers can be compensated and corrected at a fixed point, so that before the staff performs maintenance, they can work normally and achieve the effect of suppressing the wear amplitude. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 This is a principle block diagram of a roller monitoring system according to a first embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a vibration-detecting optical cable and a temperature-sensing optical cable according to a first embodiment of the present application after being installed on a belt conveyor; Figure 3 This is a fault diagnosis flowchart of the first implementation mode of this application; Figure 4A perspective view of a separate roller portion of a second embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 for Figure 4 The enlarged view of point a in the middle; Figure 6 A three-dimensional schematic diagram of a heat conduction bridge according to a second embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of marking a plurality of rollers corresponding to the temperature-sensitive optical cable according to the second embodiment of the present application; Figure 8 This is a principle block diagram of the fault diagnosis process of the second implementation mode of the present application; Fig. 9 A three-dimensional diagram of the inclined roller body portion of the third embodiment of the present application; Fig.10 This is a front view of the inclined roller body portion of the third embodiment of the present application; Fig.11 Before and after wear compensation in the third embodiment of the present application Fig.10 Schematic diagram at b in the middle; Fig.12 This is a front schematic diagram of a wear monitoring unit according to a third embodiment of the present application; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the changes of the inclined roller after wear in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Description of the numbers in the figure: 1 heat conduction bridge, 11 vertical heat insulation tube, 12 flat heat insulation sheet, 13 heat conduction core, 14 heat focusing ring, 21 L-shaped bracket, 22 bearing plate, 23 laser transmitter, 24 light receiving hemisphere, 3 compensation component, 31 compensation roller, 32 electric push rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] Two implementation modes of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0020] The first implementation method: Figure 1The present invention shows a belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, which uses a roller monitoring system to monitor the rollers of the belt conveyor and perform fault diagnosis. The roller monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms and an alarm unit. One monitoring platform includes temperature-sensitive optical cables installed at the left and right bottoms of the belt conveyor rollers and a temperature measurement host for receiving temperature data on the temperature-sensitive optical cables. The temperature-sensitive optical cables use distributed optical fiber linear temperature-sensitive fire detectors, which can monitor the temperature changes of various points along the optical fiber within a total length of not less than 10 km in real time. The monitoring range is large and the monitoring points are continuous, so that it can perform synchronous temperature monitoring of multiple rollers of the conveyor, which is convenient for In order to timely detect the abnormal temperature rise of some rollers due to abnormal wear, another monitoring platform includes a vibration-measuring optical cable installed between adjacent rollers of the belt conveyor roller and a sound monitoring host for receiving vibration data on the vibration-measuring optical cable. The vibration-measuring optical cable can monitor the vibration changes of each point along the optical fiber within a total length of not less than 10km in real time. The monitoring range is large and the monitoring points are continuous. Since most abnormal noises are caused by abnormal vibrations caused by wear, the monitoring of abnormalities mainly depends on the vibration monitoring of the bearings. A heat conduction bridge 1 is arranged between the temperature-sensing optical cable and the end of the belt conveyor roller. The initial end of the heat conduction bridge 1 is located at the roller bearing, and the end is sleeved on the outside of the temperature-sensing optical cable. Figure 6 The heat conduction bridge 1 includes two vertical heat insulation tubes 11 respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat heat insulation sheet 12 fixedly connected to the upper end of the roller platform, and two heat focusing rings 14 sleeved outside the vibration measuring optical cable. The vertical heat insulation tube 11 and the flat heat insulation sheet 12 are fixedly embedded with heat conducting cores 13. The ends of the two heat conducting cores 13 are fixedly extended to the heat focusing rings 14 and fixedly connected to the heat focusing rings 14. The flat heat insulation sheet 12 is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation tube 11 at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the vertical heat insulation tube 11 at the lower end of the inclined roller body is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation tube 11. The heat-conducting core 13 in 1 is fixedly passed through the flat heat-insulating sheet 12. Through the setting of the heat-conducting bridge 1, the heat generated at the roller bearing can be gathered along the heat-conducting core 13 toward the temperature-sensitive optical cable, so that the temperature at the heat-collecting ring 14 is closer to the actual temperature of the roller, thereby improving the timeliness and accuracy of abnormal diagnosis. Compared with the method of directly detecting the air at the bottom of the roller by the temperature-sensitive optical cable, the temperature caused by air convection is effectively reduced, thereby effectively ensuring that the abnormal heating can be detected more timely and the accuracy of fault diagnosis is ensured.

[0021] It is worth noting that in order to ensure the accuracy of the monitoring results, the vibration measuring optical cable needs to be in close contact with the bearing of the roller being tested.

[0022] The fault diagnosis method of the belt conveyor includes the following steps: S1, such as Figure 2-Figure 3First, two sets of temperature measuring optical cables are installed at the bottom of the belt conveyor rollers. The two temperature measuring optical cables are movable through the bottom of multiple rollers, and vibration measuring optical cables are respectively set at two gaps of the roller body on the same roller, and the temperature sensing optical cable is located below the vibration measuring optical cable; S2. Mark the corresponding rollers of the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration measuring optical cable. The temperature measuring host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time, and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform. The network transmission platform is mainly implemented by a network switch, which is an existing technology and the specific settings are not described in detail. S3. The monitoring and analysis layer first captures the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares the temperature data and vibration data with the preset threshold range respectively. When they are not within the threshold range, it means that the corresponding roller is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely infers the corresponding roller based on the marked point, thereby locating the fault point and performing alarm processing.

[0023] In the above-mentioned belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, through the setting of two groups of vibration measuring optical cables and temperature sensing optical cables, the real-time temperature and sound changes of each group of rollers can be effectively sensed. When wear occurs, the two data will show abnormal changes, so that the position of "a certain group" of faulty rollers can be accurately located, thereby accurately locating the faulty rollers and issuing early warnings before the accident occurs, facilitating timely maintenance, greatly reducing the difficult-to-repair wear of the faulty rollers, and ensuring the stable transportation of materials.

[0024] The second implementation method: like Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 7 In step S2, when marking the temperature-sensitive optical cable, three marking points are taken on the same conveyor roller, and the three marking points are: At the end of the heat conduction bridge 1 corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body, which is marked as point A; The end of the heat conduction bridge 1 corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller is marked as point B; The outer end of the temperature-sensitive optical cable that is close to the roller and in an exposed state is recorded as point C, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding roller does not exceed half of the distance between the two rollers; The values ​​monitored at the corresponding multiple points A on the multiple rollers constitute a group of data, and correspondingly, the values ​​monitored at the multiple points B and the multiple points C also constitute a group of data.

[0025] like Figure 8 The method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S3 includes the following steps: S31. After receiving the data of multiple marking points, the monitoring and analysis layer first compares the values ​​of point A and point B at the same conveyor roller. When the difference between the two is within the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding conveyor roller may be abnormal, and these conveyor rollers are selected to wait for secondary monitoring and analysis. S32, the monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values ​​of multiple points A and multiple points B corresponding to the rollers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values ​​with low dispersion, calculates the average value, and obtains A 均 and B 均 ; S33, compare the value of point A at the roller where there may be an abnormality with A, and compare the value of point B with B 均 Comparison is made. When the difference between the two is within the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset range of the threshold, it indicates that the corresponding roller is abnormal.

[0026] When the roller is judged to be abnormal, compare the C value of the corresponding roller with A 均 and B 均 Compare the two values. The smaller the difference, the more serious the heating of the roller. At the same time, according to the operation of step S32, the average value C of the data at C is calculated. 均 , C 均 The larger the value, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom roller of the belt conveyor. 均 When the corresponding set threshold is exceeded, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal.

[0027] During the detection process, the same group of rollers are tested for three-point temperature and compared. On the one hand, it can effectively detect whether the corresponding rollers are abnormal or not. On the other hand, it can also compare the data of other rollers. Compared with the single-point data monitoring in the first implementation mode, the accuracy of the detection results is greatly improved, and false alarms are effectively avoided. The accuracy of diagnosis of abnormal wear of conveyor rollers is improved, and the impact of false alarms on material transportation is effectively avoided.

[0028] During specific implementation, an appropriate implementation method can be selected according to actual needs.

[0029] The third implementation method: This embodiment adds a wear compensation unit on the basis of the first embodiment or the second embodiment, and the rest of the embodiment is consistent with the first embodiment or the second embodiment.

[0030] Fig. 9As shown, a wear compensation unit is also provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor roller, and the wear compensation unit includes a monitoring component fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components 3 installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket. The monitoring component includes two L-shaped brackets 21 fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket, and the ends of the L-shaped bracket 21 are fixedly connected to the supporting plates 22, and the ends of the two supporting plates 22 close to each other are fixedly installed with a laser emitter 23 and a light receiving hemisphere 24, respectively. The light receiving hemisphere 24 is located at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the laser emitter 23 is in a normally closed state. When it is determined that a certain roller is abnormal, the laser emitter 23 can be controlled to open, and then the high-end compensation component 3 is controlled to rise first, so that the high end of the inclined roller body slowly rises until the laser emitter 23 has obvious data changes, such as Fig.13 Then, the compensation component 3 at the lower end is controlled to rise, so that the roller body that is slightly tilted downward due to wear gradually rises until the data obtained by the laser emitter 23 increases to close to the predetermined value, and the compensation is completed. At this time, as the material on the conveyor belt is transported, the compensation component 3 can serve as a support for the tilted roller body, and the two can roll relative to each other, which can suppress the further increase of the wear amplitude as much as possible, maintain the stable operation of the abnormal roller, and ensure the stable transportation of the material.

[0031] The compensation component 3 includes two electric push rods 32 fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller 31 rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods 32. The compensation roller 31 is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket, and the compensation roller 31 does not contact the inclined roller body. It is controlled to contact the inclined roller body only when wear compensation is required. As a support, the laser emitter 23, the inclined roller body and the light-receiving hemisphere 24 are coaxially arranged, and the light-receiving hemisphere 24 is a hemispherical structure. The data will be minimum only when the light beam of the laser emitter 23 is irradiated at the center of the light-receiving hemisphere 24, thereby effectively avoiding data abnormalities caused by deformation of the inclined roller bracket, which makes the wear compensation inadequate.

[0032] In addition, when abnormal wear is determined, the wear compensation unit can be used to perform fixed-point compensation correction on the abnormally worn roller, so that it can work normally and suppress the extent of wear before the staff performs maintenance. Compared with the first embodiment which is only a fault diagnosis process, in this embodiment, certain processing operations can be performed after diagnosis to protect the roller.

[0033] In view of current practical needs, the above-mentioned implementation mode adopted in this application is not limited to the scope of protection. Various changes made within the knowledge scope of technical personnel in this field without departing from the concept of this application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals, characterized in that: The roller monitoring system is used to diagnose the fault of the roller of the belt conveyor. The roller monitoring system includes a monitoring and analysis layer, a network transmission platform, two monitoring platforms and an alarm unit. The specific diagnosis method includes the following steps: S1. First, two sets of temperature measuring optical cables are installed at the bottom of the roller, and vibration measuring optical cables are respectively installed at two gaps of the roller body on the same roller, and the temperature sensing optical cable is located below the vibration sensing optical cable, and a heat conduction bridge (1) is provided between the temperature sensing optical cable and the end of the roller; S2. Mark the corresponding rollers of the temperature sensing optical cable and the vibration measuring optical cable. The temperature measuring host and the sound monitoring host obtain the measured data in real time and send the data to the monitoring and analysis layer through the network transmission platform; S3. The monitoring and analysis layer captures the temperature data and vibration data of each marked point in the data, and compares them with the preset threshold range. When it is not within the threshold range, it means that the corresponding roller is abnormal. At this time, the monitoring and analysis layer reversely infers the corresponding roller based on the marked point, thereby locating the fault point and performing alarm processing.

2. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the monitoring platforms includes a temperature-sensing optical cable and a temperature-measuring host for receiving temperature data on the temperature-sensing optical cable, and the other monitoring platform includes a vibration-measuring optical cable and a sound monitoring host for receiving vibration data on the vibration-measuring optical cable.

3. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: The initial end of the heat conduction bridge (1) is located at the roller bearing, and the terminal end is sleeved on the outside of the temperature sensing optical cable. The heat conduction bridge (1) comprises two vertical heat insulation tubes (11) respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller frame, a flat heat insulation sheet (12) fixedly connected to the upper end of the roller platform, and two heat collecting rings (14) sleeved on the outside of the vibration measuring optical cable. The vertical heat insulation tubes (11) and the flat heat insulation sheet (12) are both fixedly embedded with heat conducting cores (13). The ends of the two heat conducting cores (13) are fixedly extended to the heat collecting rings (14) and fixedly connected to the heat collecting rings (14). The flat heat insulation sheet (12) is fixedly connected to the vertical heat insulation tube (11) at the lower end of the inclined roller body, and the heat conducting core (13) in the vertical heat insulation tube (11) at the lower end of the inclined roller body is fixedly penetrated through the flat heat insulation sheet (12).

4. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1, characterized in that: Step S2: When marking the temperature-sensitive optical cable, three marking points are taken on the same conveyor roller. The three marking points are: The end of the heat transfer bridge (1) corresponding to the outer bearing of the inclined roller body is denoted as point A; The end of the heat conduction bridge (1) corresponding to the inner bearing of the inclined roller body is denoted as point B; The outer end of the temperature-sensitive optical cable that is close to the roller and in an exposed state is recorded as point C, and the straight-line distance between point C and the corresponding roller does not exceed half of the distance between the two rollers; The values ​​monitored at the corresponding multiple points A on the multiple rollers constitute a group of data, and correspondingly, the values ​​monitored at the multiple points B and the multiple points C also constitute a group of data.

5. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for comparing the data monitored by the temperature-sensitive optical cable in step S3 comprises the following steps: S31. After receiving the data of multiple marking points, the monitoring and analysis layer first compares the values ​​of point A and point B at the same conveyor roller. When the difference between the two is within the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safety value range, it is preliminarily determined that the corresponding conveyor roller may be abnormal, and these conveyor rollers are selected to wait for secondary monitoring and analysis. S32, the monitoring and analysis layer analyzes the values ​​of multiple points A and multiple points B corresponding to the rollers without abnormal heating, selects multiple values ​​with low dispersion, calculates the average value, and obtains A 均 and B 均 ; S33, compare the value of point A of the roller with possible abnormality 均 Compare the value of point B with that of point B 均 Compare them. When the difference between the two is within the preset safety value range, it means that the corresponding roller has no abnormal heating. When the difference between the two exceeds the preset safety value range, it means that the corresponding roller is abnormal.

6. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 5, characterized in that: When the roller is judged to be abnormal, compare the C value of the corresponding roller with A 均 and B 均 Compare the two values. The smaller the difference, the more serious the heating of the roller. At the same time, according to the operation of step S32, the average value C of the data at C is calculated. 均 , C 均 The larger the value, the worse the ventilation and heat dissipation conditions at the bottom roller of the belt conveyor. 均 When the corresponding set threshold is exceeded, the monitoring and analysis layer determines that the ventilation is abnormal.

7. The belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A wear compensation unit is also provided at the inclined roller body of the conveyor roller, the wear compensation unit comprising a monitoring component fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket and two compensation components (3) installed at the bottom of the inclined roller bracket, the monitoring component comprising two L-shaped brackets (21) respectively fixedly connected to the left and right ends of the inclined roller bracket, the ends of the L-shaped brackets (21) being fixedly connected to a bearing plate (22), and the ends of the two bearing plates (22) close to each other are respectively fixedly installed with a laser emitter (23) and a light receiving hemisphere (24), and the light receiving hemisphere (24) is located at the lower end of the inclined roller body.

8. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 7, characterized in that: The compensation assembly (3) comprises two electric push rods (32) fixedly connected to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and a compensation roller (31) rotatably connected between the extended ends of the two electric push rods (32), wherein the compensation roller (31) is parallel to the bottom of the inclined roller bracket and the compensation roller (31) does not contact the inclined roller body.

9. A belt conveyor fault diagnosis method based on sound signals according to claim 8, characterized in that: The laser emitter (23), the inclined roller body and the light receiving hemisphere (24) are coaxially arranged, and the light receiving hemisphere (24) is a hemispherical structure.

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