High-performance anti-fog transparent coating material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance coating materials, in particular to a high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material which comprises polyvinyl alcohol with an ultralow alcoholysis degree, polyurethane resin, fluoride nanoparticles, a curing agent, a solvent, a catalyst and an auxiliary. The specific preparation method of the anti-fog transparent coating material comprises the following steps: S1, mixing polyvinyl alcohol with ultralow alcoholysis degree with a solvent; s2, adding the polyurethane resin; s3, adding fluoride nanoparticles; s4, adding a curing agent; s5, sequentially adding a catalyst and an auxiliary agent to form a mixed solution B; s6, filtering and defoaming the mixed solution B; s7, the surface of a base material is coated with the coating, curing treatment is conducted, and a complete film layer structure is formed; by combining the polyvinyl alcohol with the ultra-low alcoholysis degree, the polyurethane resin and the fluoride nanoparticles, the long-term anti-fogging film provides an excellent long-term anti-fogging effect and high transparency, simplifies the production process, reduces the cost, and is suitable for being widely applied to various optical products.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance coating materials, and in particular to a high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material. Background Art

[0002] In modern optical applications, such as glasses, vehicle windshields, camera lenses and various display screens, high transparency and anti-fog performance are two crucial technical indicators. Traditional anti-fog technologies mostly rely on surface coating materials to improve the hydrophilicity of the surface, thereby preventing water vapor from condensing into fog on the surface. However, these coatings often face the problems of insufficient durability, weakening of anti-fog effects over time, and easy physical wear of the coatings. In addition, existing coating technologies often fail to take into account both high transparency and anti-fog performance, especially the long-term effectiveness under extreme climatic conditions, which is difficult to meet the high standards of the market.

[0003] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to solve the limitations of traditional anti-fog coatings in terms of durability, transparency and environmental adaptability. In the existing coating technology, the anti-fog effect is often significantly reduced after continuous contact with moisture, especially after multiple cleanings and long-term use. In addition, the existing coating materials often involve complex operations and high requirements for environmental conditions during the preparation process, which leads to increased costs for large-scale production and difficulty in popularization and application.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a new type of anti-fog transparent coating material that can provide long-term anti-fog performance and better environmental stability while maintaining high transparency has important practical application value and market potential. Summary of the invention

[0005] Based on the above purpose, the present invention provides a high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material.

[0006] A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material comprises ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane resin, fluoride nanoparticles, a curing agent, a solvent, a catalyst and an auxiliary agent; the specific preparation of the anti-fog transparent coating material comprises the following steps: S1: mixing ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol with a solvent, heating and stirring to form a uniform solution A; S2: Add polyurethane resin to solution A and continue stirring until the resin is fully dispersed in the solution and forms a uniform blend; S3: gradually adding fluoride nanoparticles into the blend and stirring evenly; S4: After the fluoride nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed, a curing agent is added and stirred at a controlled temperature to allow the curing agent to react with the reactive groups in the mixture to gradually form a preliminary coating precursor; S5: Continue to add the catalyst and the additive in sequence under stirring to form a mixed solution B; S6: filtering the mixed solution B to remove impurities, and eliminating bubbles in the solution through a degassing process to form a coating solution C; S7: coating the coating solution C evenly on the surface of the substrate, and curing the coated substrate to form a complete film structure of the coating.

[0007] Optionally, the components of the anti-fog transparent coating material are as follows in percentage by mass: ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol 10%-15%, polyurethane resin 20%-30%, fluoride nanoparticles 5%-10%, curing agent 5%-10%, solvent 33%-49.4%, catalyst 0.01%-0.5%, additive: 0.5%-1.5%.

[0008] Optionally, the particle size of the fluoride nanoparticles is 20-100 nanometers, the curing agent is modified isophorone diisocyanate or polyurethane prepolymer, the solvent is ethylene glycol ether solvent or N-methylpyrrolidone, the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid or dibutyltin dilaurate, and the auxiliary agent is a leveling agent or a defoaming agent.

[0009] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes: S11: adding ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol to the solvent according to a mass ratio, and the initial mixing temperature is room temperature; S12: preliminarily heating the premixed solution at a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm, controlling the temperature at 40° C.-60° C., and stirring until the PVA begins to dissolve; S13: Continue to heat the solution to 60°C-80°C, increase the stirring speed to 500-800 rpm, and continue stirring until the PVA is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution A.

[0010] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes: S21: adding polyurethane resin to the formed solution A according to a mass ratio; S22: Preliminarily mixing solution A and polyurethane resin at a stirring speed of 100-200 rpm, and continuing stirring for 10-20 minutes to allow the resin to begin to disperse in the solution; S23: Continue to increase the stirring speed to 400-600 rpm, maintain the heating temperature at 50° C.-70° C., and stir for 30-60 minutes until the polyurethane resin is completely dispersed in the solution and forms a uniform blend.

[0011] Optionally, the S3 specifically includes: S31: adding fluoride nanoparticles to the formed blend in batches, with the amount of particles added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure initial dispersion of the particles in the blend; S32: controlling the stirring speed of the blend to 200-300 rpm, and continuing stirring for 20-30 minutes; S33: increasing the stirring speed to 600-800 rpm, maintaining the temperature at 50° C.-70° C., and continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes to form a stable nanocomposite material.

[0012] Optionally, the S4 specifically includes: S41: gradually adding a curing agent to the blend after the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed, with the amount added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure that the curing agent is initially dispersed in the blend; S42: controlling the temperature at 30°C-50°C, adjusting the stirring speed to 200-400 rpm, and continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes to allow the curing agent to gradually react with the active groups in the blend; S43: Monitor the viscosity of the mixture. When the viscosity reaches 500-1500 mPa·s, it is considered that the curing agent has fully reacted with the reactive groups to form a preliminary coating precursor.

[0013] Optionally, the S5 specifically includes: S51: adding a catalyst to the initially formed coating precursor; S52: Control the stirring speed to 100-200 rpm, maintain a constant temperature and continue stirring for 15-30 minutes to allow the catalyst to fully contact the precursor; S53: After the catalyst is completely distributed, the additive is gradually added; S54: Increase the stirring speed to 300-500 rpm, keep the temperature unchanged, and continue stirring for 20-40 minutes until a uniform mixed solution B is formed.

[0014] Optionally, the S6 specifically includes: S61: filtering the mixed solution B through a filter with a pore size of 0.5-5 microns, and the filtering operation is performed at room temperature; S62: The filtered solution enters a vacuum degassing machine, and the initial degassing process is carried out under the condition of low-speed stirring of 100-200 rpm, and the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 MPa to -0.1 MPa for 15-30 minutes to remove most of the bubbles in the solution; S63: After the initial degassing, the solution is allowed to stand for 5-10 minutes, and fine degassing is performed again in a vacuum environment. The stirring speed is increased to 300-500rpm, and the vacuum degree is maintained at -0.08MPa to -0.1MPa for 20-40 minutes, until no bubbles are visible to the naked eye in the solution, and a uniform coating solution C is formed.

[0015] Optionally, the S7 specifically includes: S71: coating the coating solution C on the surface of the substrate by spraying, the coating thickness is controlled to be 1-10 microns, and the spraying pressure during spraying is controlled to be 0.1-0.3 MPa; S72: The coated substrate immediately enters the initial curing stage, the initial curing temperature is controlled at 40°C-60°C, the time is 10-30 minutes, so that the coating is initially formed into a film and fixed on the surface of the substrate; S73: After the initial curing, the substrate enters the secondary curing stage, the secondary curing temperature is controlled at 70°C-90°C, the time is 30-60 minutes, and a stable film structure is formed; S74: After the secondary curing is completed, the substrate is placed in a normal temperature environment and cooled to room temperature. The cooling time is 20-40 minutes, so that the coating forms a complete film structure.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention integrates ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane resin and fluoride nanoparticles in the coating, which not only enhances the durability and wear resistance of the coating, but also maintains the high light transmittance of the coating, so that the coating can still maintain good anti-fog performance and transparency after long-term use, and is suitable for various optical products that need to maintain clear vision for a long time. The present invention achieves uniform distribution and sufficient curing of coating components by precisely controlling chemical reactions and physical treatment steps, thereby ensuring the stability and consistent performance of the coating under various environmental conditions. This innovative coating technology provides an efficient, economical and environmentally friendly solution for the coating industry, and is particularly suitable for widespread application in automobiles, optical devices and consumer electronics. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the preparation process of the anti-fog transparent coating material according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the components of the anti-fog transparent coating material according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that the references to "one embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiments", "some embodiments" and the like in the specification indicate that the embodiments described may include specific features, structures or characteristics, but not every embodiment may include the specific features, structures or characteristics. In addition, when a specific feature, structure or characteristic is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it should be within the knowledge of a person skilled in the art to implement such feature, structure or characteristic in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0021] In general, a term can be understood, at least in part, from its use in context. For example, depending, at least in part, on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending, at least in part, on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0022] Example 1 like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material includes ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane resin, fluoride nanoparticles, a curing agent, a solvent, a catalyst and an auxiliary agent; the specific preparation of the anti-fog transparent coating material includes the following steps: S1: mixing ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol with a solvent, heating and stirring to completely dissolve the polyvinyl alcohol to form a uniform solution A; S2: Add polyurethane resin to solution A and continue stirring until the resin is fully dispersed in the solution and forms a uniform blend, ensuring the initial fusion of the components; S3: gradually adding fluoride nanoparticles to the blend and stirring evenly to ensure that the nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the solution and fully combined with the blend; S4: After the fluoride nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed, a curing agent is added and stirred at a controlled temperature to allow the curing agent to react with the reactive groups in the mixture to gradually form a preliminary coating precursor; S5: Continue to add the catalyst and the additive in sequence under stirring to form a mixed solution B, wherein the catalyst is used to accelerate the curing reaction, while the additive improves the processing performance of the coating to ensure uniform distribution and sufficient reaction of all components; S6: filtering the mixed solution B to remove impurities, and eliminating bubbles in the solution through a degassing process to form a coating solution C to ensure the quality of subsequent coatings; S7: coating the coating solution C evenly on the surface of the substrate, and curing the coated substrate to form a complete film structure of the coating, thereby completing the preparation process.

[0023] The components of the anti-fog transparent coating material are as follows in terms of mass percentage: ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) 12%, polyurethane resin 25%, fluoride nanoparticles 7%, curing agent 7%, solvent 47.7%, catalyst 0.3%, and additive: 1%.

[0024] The particle size of the fluoride nanoparticles is 60 nanometers, the curing agent is modified isophorone diisocyanate, the solvent is a glycol ether solvent, the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid, and the auxiliary agent is a leveling agent.

[0025] S1 specifically includes: S11: adding ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol to the solvent according to a mass ratio, and the initial mixing temperature is room temperature; S12: preliminarily heating the premixed solution at a stirring speed of 200 rpm, controlling the temperature at 50° C., and stirring until the PVA begins to dissolve; S13: The solution is further heated to 70° C., and the stirring speed is increased to 600 rpm, and the stirring is continued until the PVA is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution A.

[0026] S2 specifically includes: S21: adding polyurethane resin to the formed solution A according to a mass ratio; S22: Preliminarily mix solution A and polyurethane resin at a stirring speed of 150 rpm, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to allow the resin to begin to disperse in the solution; S23: Continue to increase the stirring speed to 500 rpm, maintain the heating temperature at 60° C., and stir for 45 minutes until the polyurethane resin is completely dispersed in the solution to form a uniform blend.

[0027] S3 specifically includes: S31: adding fluoride nanoparticles to the formed blend in batches, with the amount of particles added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure initial dispersion of the particles in the blend; S32: controlling the stirring speed of the blend to 250 rpm, and continuing stirring for 25 minutes to further disperse the fluoride nanoparticles in the blend; S33: Increase the stirring speed to 700 rpm, maintain the temperature at 60°C, and continue stirring for 45 minutes to ensure that the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the blend to form a stable nanocomposite material.

[0028] S4 specifically includes: S41: gradually adding a curing agent to the blend after the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed, with the amount added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure that the curing agent is initially dispersed in the blend; S42: The temperature is controlled at 40° C., and the stirring speed is adjusted to 300 rpm. The stirring is continued for 45 minutes to allow the curing agent to gradually react with the active groups in the blend. S43: Monitor the viscosity of the mixture. When the viscosity reaches 500-1500 mPa·s, it is considered that the curing agent has fully reacted with the reactive groups to form a preliminary coating precursor.

[0029] S5 specifically includes: S51: adding a catalyst to the initially formed coating precursor; S52: Control the stirring speed to 150 rpm, maintain a constant temperature and continue stirring for 20 minutes to allow the catalyst to fully contact the precursor and stabilize the chemical reaction; S53: After the catalyst is fully distributed, gradually add the additives, which are leveling agents or defoamers. The additives should be added in the order of leveling agents and defoamers. Stir for 10 minutes after each addition to ensure that the additives are evenly distributed in the mixture; S54: Increase the stirring speed to 400 rpm, keep the temperature unchanged, and continue stirring for 30 minutes until a uniform mixed solution B is formed to ensure that all components are fully integrated.

[0030] S6 specifically includes: S61: filtering the mixed solution B through a filter with a pore size of 3 microns, the filtering operation is performed at room temperature, and a constant pressure is maintained during the filtering process to ensure that impurities in the solution B are effectively removed, thereby obtaining a preliminarily purified solution; S62: The filtered solution enters a vacuum degassing machine, and the initial degassing process is carried out under the condition of low-speed stirring at 150 rpm, the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.09 MPa, and the duration is 20 minutes to remove most of the bubbles in the solution; S63: After the initial degassing, the solution was allowed to stand for 8 minutes and fine degassing was performed again in a vacuum environment. The stirring speed was increased to 400 rpm and the vacuum degree was maintained at -0.09 MPa for 30 minutes until no bubbles were visible to the naked eye in the solution, forming a uniform coating solution C.

[0031] S7 specifically includes: S71: coating the coating solution C on the surface of the substrate by spraying, the coating thickness is controlled at 5 μm, and the spraying pressure during spraying is controlled at 0.2 MPa to ensure that the coating solution evenly covers the surface of the substrate; S72: the coated substrate immediately enters the preliminary curing stage, the preliminary curing temperature is controlled at 50° C., the time is 20 minutes, so that the coating is initially formed into a film and fixed on the surface of the substrate; S73: After the initial curing, the substrate enters the secondary curing stage. The secondary curing temperature is controlled at 80°C for 45 minutes to ensure that the coating reacts completely and forms a stable film structure. S74: After the secondary curing is completed, the substrate is placed in a normal temperature environment and cooled to room temperature. The cooling time is 30 minutes. During this period, the coating is prevented from being disturbed by external forces so that the coating forms a complete film structure.

[0032] Example 2 Material ratio: Ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol: 10%; polyurethane resin: 20%; fluoride nanoparticles (particle size 20 nanometers): 5%; curing agent (polyurethane prepolymer): 5%; solvent (N-methylpyrrolidone): 49.4%; catalyst (dibutyltin dilaurate): 0.1%; auxiliary agent (defoaming agent): 0.5%.

[0033] The specific preparation steps are as follows: S1: First, add ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol to the solvent according to the proportion, start mixing at room temperature, then gradually increase the temperature of the mixture to 40°C, adjust the stirring speed to 100 rpm, stir until PVA begins to dissolve, continue heating to 60°C, increase the stirring speed to 500 rpm, and continue stirring until PVA is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution A; S2: Add polyurethane resin to solution A in proportion, set the initial stirring speed to 100 rpm, and after stirring for 10 minutes, increase the stirring speed to 400 rpm, and raise the solution temperature to 50°C, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to ensure that the polyurethane resin is completely dispersed in the solution to form a uniform blend; S3: gradually add fluoride nanoparticles to the blend, the amount added each time is 10% of the total amount, the stirring speed is set to 200 rpm after addition, and stirring is continued for 20 minutes. After all batches are added, the stirring speed is increased to 600 rpm, the temperature is maintained at 50°C, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes to ensure that the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the blend; S4: gradually add curing agent to the blend after the nanoparticles are dispersed, and the amount added each time is 10% of the total amount. After adding, the stirring speed is controlled at 200 rpm, the temperature is set to 30°C, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes to ensure that the curing agent fully reacts with the active groups in the blend to form a preliminary coating precursor; S5: Add a catalyst to the formed coating precursor, set the stirring speed to 100 rpm, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to ensure that the catalyst is evenly distributed, then add an additive, increase the stirring speed to 300 rpm, and continue stirring for 20 minutes to form a uniform mixed solution B; S6: Filter the mixed solution B through a filter with a pore size of 0.5 microns to remove impurities. After filtration, the solution enters a vacuum degassing machine, and the initial degassing is performed at a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa, the stirring speed is set to 100 rpm, and the duration is 15 minutes. After the initial degassing, the solution is allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and fine degassing is performed again at a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa, and the stirring speed is increased to 300 rpm for 20 minutes, until no bubbles are visible to the naked eye in the solution, and a uniform coating solution C is formed; S7: The coating solution C is uniformly coated on the surface of the substrate by spraying, the coating thickness is controlled at 1 micron, the spraying pressure is set to 0.1 MPa, and the coated substrate immediately enters the initial curing stage, the initial curing temperature is controlled at 40°C, and the time is 10 minutes. After the initial curing, the substrate enters the secondary curing stage, and the secondary curing temperature is set to 70°C for 30 minutes. Finally, the substrate is placed in a room temperature environment and cooled to room temperature for 20 minutes, so that the coating forms a complete film structure.

[0034] Example 3 Material ratio: Ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol: 15%; polyurethane resin: 30%; fluoride nanoparticles (particle size 100 nanometers): 10%; curing agent (modified isophorone diisocyanate): 10%; solvent (ethylene glycol ether solvent): 33%; catalyst (p-toluenesulfonic acid): 0.5%; additive (leveling agent): 1.5%.

[0035] The specific preparation steps are as follows: S1: First, add ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol to the solvent according to the proportion, start mixing at room temperature, then gradually increase the temperature of the mixture to 60°C, adjust the stirring speed to 300 rpm, stir until PVA begins to dissolve, continue heating to 80°C, increase the stirring speed to 800 rpm, and continue stirring until PVA is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution A; S2: Add polyurethane resin to solution A in proportion, set the initial stirring speed to 200 rpm, and after stirring for 20 minutes, increase the stirring speed to 600 rpm, and at the same time raise the solution temperature to 70°C, and continue stirring for 60 minutes to ensure that the polyurethane resin is completely dispersed in the solution to form a uniform blend; S3: gradually add fluoride nanoparticles to the blend, the amount added each time is 10% of the total amount, the stirring speed is set to 300 rpm after addition, and stirring is continued for 30 minutes. After all batches are added, the stirring speed is increased to 800 rpm, the temperature is maintained at 70°C, and stirring is continued for 60 minutes to ensure that the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed in the blend; S4: gradually add curing agent to the blend after the nanoparticles are dispersed, and the amount added each time is 10% of the total amount. After adding, the stirring speed is controlled at 400 rpm, the temperature is set to 50°C, and stirring is continued for 60 minutes to ensure that the curing agent fully reacts with the active groups in the blend to form a preliminary coating precursor; S5: Add a catalyst to the formed coating precursor, set the stirring speed to 200 rpm, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to ensure that the catalyst is evenly distributed, then add an additive, increase the stirring speed to 500 rpm, and continue stirring for 40 minutes to form a uniform mixed solution B; S6: Filter the mixed solution B through a filter with a pore size of 5 microns to remove impurities. After filtration, the solution enters a vacuum degassing machine, and the initial degassing is performed at a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, the stirring speed is set to 200 rpm, and the duration is 30 minutes. After the initial degassing, the solution is allowed to stand for 10 minutes, and fine degassing is performed again at a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, and the stirring speed is increased to 500 rpm for 40 minutes, until no bubbles are visible to the naked eye in the solution, and a uniform coating solution C is formed; S7: The coating solution C is uniformly coated on the surface of the substrate by spraying, the coating thickness is controlled at 10 microns, the spraying pressure is set to 0.3MPa, and the coated substrate immediately enters the initial curing stage, the initial curing temperature is controlled at 60°C, and the time is 30 minutes. After the initial curing, the substrate enters the secondary curing stage, and the secondary curing temperature is set to 90°C for 60 minutes. Finally, the substrate is placed in a room temperature environment and cooled to room temperature for 40 minutes, so that the coating forms a complete film structure.

[0036] Table 1 Comparison of finished product performance parameters As can be seen from Table 1 above, the high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material prepared in Example 1 performs well in all performance indicators, especially in terms of transparency, anti-fog performance, hardness and wear resistance, which is significantly better than Example 2 and Example 3, and significantly better than commercially available products A and B. This shows that the formula and preparation process of Example 1 have significant advantages in comprehensive performance, especially in terms of the two key indicators of transparency and anti-fog performance, and its performance is excellent, which can effectively meet the needs of high-end application scenarios. Therefore, Example 1 can be promoted and applied as the best embodiment.

[0037] Table 2 Comparison of other performance parameters It can be seen from Table 2 above that the coating material prepared in Example 1 performs well in terms of coating thickness uniformity, coating efficiency, high temperature resistance, low temperature resistance, surface gloss and environmental protection level (VOC content), especially in terms of coating thickness uniformity, temperature resistance and environmental protection level indicators. Example 1 is significantly better than other examples and commercially available products. Specifically, the coating thickness uniformity of Example 1 is very high, with a deviation of only ±0.1 μm, ensuring the stability and consistency of the coating. In addition, Example 1 can maintain excellent performance in both high and low temperature environments, with a temperature resistance range of -40°C to 200°C, and its environmental protection level is excellent, with a VOC content of only 5 g / L, which greatly reduces environmental pollution.

[0038] In summary, Example 1 is superior to other comparative products in all key performances, demonstrating its significant advantages in high-performance applications. Therefore, Example 1 is recommended as the best example for promotion and application.

[0039] The present invention covers any substitution, modification, equivalent method and scheme made on the essence and scope of the present invention. In order to make the public have a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail in the following preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art can fully understand the present invention without the description of these details. In addition, in order to avoid unnecessary confusion about the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components and circuits are not described in detail.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material, characterized in that: The anti-fog transparent coating material comprises ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane resin, fluoride nanoparticles, a curing agent, a solvent, a catalyst and an auxiliary agent; the specific preparation of the anti-fog transparent coating material comprises the following steps: S1: mixing ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol with a solvent, heating and stirring to form a uniform solution A; S2: Add polyurethane resin to solution A and continue stirring until the resin is fully dispersed in the solution and forms a uniform blend; S3: gradually adding fluoride nanoparticles into the blend and stirring evenly; S4: After the fluoride nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed, a curing agent is added and stirred at a controlled temperature to allow the curing agent to react with the reactive groups in the mixture to gradually form a preliminary coating precursor; S5: Continue to add the catalyst and the additive in sequence under stirring to form a mixed solution B; S6: filtering the mixed solution B to remove impurities, and eliminating bubbles in the solution through a degassing process to form a coating solution C; S7: coating the coating solution C evenly on the surface of the substrate, and curing the coated substrate to form a complete film structure of the coating.

2. A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the anti-fog transparent coating material are as follows in percentage by mass: ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol 10%-15%, polyurethane resin 20%-30%, fluoride nanoparticles 5%-10%, curing agent 5%-10%, solvent 33%-49.4%, catalyst 0.01%-0.5%, and additive: 0.5%-1.5%.

3. A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the fluoride nanoparticles is 20-100 nanometers, the curing agent is modified isophorone diisocyanate or polyurethane prepolymer, the solvent is glycol ether solvent or N-methylpyrrolidone, the catalyst is p-toluenesulfonic acid or dibutyltin dilaurate, and the auxiliary agent is a leveling agent or a defoaming agent.

4. A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S1 specifically includes: S11: adding ultra-low alcoholysis degree polyvinyl alcohol to the solvent according to a mass ratio, and the initial mixing temperature is room temperature; S12: preliminarily heating the premixed solution at a stirring speed of 100-300 rpm, controlling the temperature at 40° C.-60° C., and stirring until the PVA begins to dissolve; S13: Continue to heat the solution to 60°C-80°C, increase the stirring speed to 500-800 rpm, and continue stirring until the PVA is completely dissolved to form a uniform solution A.

5. The high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S2 specifically includes: S21: adding polyurethane resin to the formed solution A according to a mass ratio; S22: Preliminarily mixing solution A and polyurethane resin at a stirring speed of 100-200 rpm, and continuing stirring for 10-20 minutes to allow the resin to begin to disperse in the solution; S23: Continue to increase the stirring speed to 400-600 rpm, maintain the heating temperature at 50° C.-70° C., and stir for 30-60 minutes until the polyurethane resin is completely dispersed in the solution and forms a uniform blend.

6. A high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 specifically includes: S31: adding fluoride nanoparticles to the formed blend in batches, with the amount of particles added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure initial dispersion of the particles in the blend; S32: controlling the stirring speed of the blend to 200-300 rpm, and continuing stirring for 20-30 minutes; S33: increasing the stirring speed to 600-800 rpm, maintaining the temperature at 50° C.-70° C., and continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes to form a stable nanocomposite material.

7. The high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 specifically includes: S41: gradually adding a curing agent to the blend after the fluoride nanoparticles are evenly dispersed, with the amount added each time being 10% of the total amount, to ensure that the curing agent is initially dispersed in the blend; S42: controlling the temperature at 30°C-50°C, adjusting the stirring speed to 200-400 rpm, and continuing stirring for 30-60 minutes to allow the curing agent to gradually react with the active groups in the blend; S43: Monitor the viscosity of the mixture. When the viscosity reaches 500-1500 mPa·s, it is considered that the curing agent has fully reacted with the reactive groups to form a preliminary coating precursor.

8. The high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S5 specifically includes: S51: adding a catalyst to the initially formed coating precursor; S52: Control the stirring speed to 100-200 rpm, maintain a constant temperature and continue stirring for 15-30 minutes to allow the catalyst to fully contact the precursor; S53: After the catalyst is completely distributed, the additive is gradually added; S54: Increase the stirring speed to 300-500 rpm, keep the temperature unchanged, and continue stirring for 20-40 minutes until a uniform mixed solution B is formed.

9. The high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S6 specifically includes: S61: filtering the mixed solution B through a filter with a pore size of 0.5-5 microns, and the filtering operation is performed at room temperature; S62: The filtered solution enters a vacuum degassing machine, and the initial degassing process is carried out under the condition of low-speed stirring of 100-200 rpm, and the vacuum degree is controlled at -0.08 MPa to -0.1 MPa for 15-30 minutes to remove most of the bubbles in the solution; S63: After the initial degassing, the solution is allowed to stand for 5-10 minutes, and fine degassing is performed again in a vacuum environment. The stirring speed is increased to 300-500rpm, and the vacuum degree is maintained at -0.08MPa to -0.1MPa for 20-40 minutes, until no bubbles are visible to the naked eye in the solution, and a uniform coating solution C is formed.

10. The high-performance anti-fog transparent coating material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S7 specifically includes: S71: coating the coating solution C on the surface of the substrate by spraying, the coating thickness is controlled to be 1-10 microns, and the spraying pressure during spraying is controlled to be 0.1-0.3 MPa; S72: The coated substrate immediately enters the initial curing stage, the initial curing temperature is controlled at 40°C-60°C, the time is 10-30 minutes, so that the coating is initially formed into a film and fixed on the surface of the substrate; S73: After the initial curing, the substrate enters the secondary curing stage, the secondary curing temperature is controlled at 70°C-90°C, the time is 30-60 minutes, and a stable film structure is formed; S74: After the secondary curing is completed, the substrate is placed in a normal temperature environment and cooled to room temperature. The cooling time is 20-40 minutes, so that the coating forms a complete film structure.

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