Modularized multi-stage intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and arrangement method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ocean construction engineering, in particular to a modular multi-stage intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and an arrangement method thereof. Holes with the diameter of 5-10 cm are designed in the surface of the ecological bank protection concrete block body, the density of the holes is 10-50 per square meter, and the surface area and attachment points are increased; the concave-convex degree of the surface of the ecological bank protection concrete block is controlled within the range of + / -5 cm, the anti-skid performance is improved, meanwhile, water flow turbulence is increased, and oxygen exchange is promoted; by simulating the ecological gradient of a natural intertidal zone, a suitable growth and reproduction environment is provided for marine organisms, and the balance and service functions of a marine ecological system can be maintained.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine construction engineering, in particular to a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and an arrangement method thereof. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of coastal development activities, traditional artificial seawall designs have gradually exposed their adverse effects on the marine ecological environment. These designs often only focus on engineering functions such as flood control and tide prevention, while ignoring the damage of seawalls to intertidal biodiversity and marine ecosystem service functions. As a special area where the sea and land meet, the intertidal zone has rich biodiversity and important ecological service functions. It is a key area for marine organisms to live, reproduce and migrate. However, the construction of traditional seawalls often leads to a reduction in the area of ​​the intertidal zone and the destruction of biological habitats, which in turn leads to a decline in marine biodiversity and degradation of ecosystem service functions.

[0003] In order to meet this challenge, ecological revetment technology came into being. Ecological revetment aims to provide a suitable habitat for marine life by simulating the ecological functions of natural coastlines, while taking into account the role of engineering protection. However, existing ecological revetment technologies mostly use a single type of ecological structure, such as vegetation slope protection, ecological bags, etc. These structures have limitations in providing ecological functions and are difficult to adapt to the needs of different shoreline conditions and ecological environments. In addition, the layout methods of these ecological structures often lack scientificity and systematicity, resulting in unsatisfactory overall effects of ecological revetment. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new type of ecological revetment structure that can meet the requirements of engineering protection, take into account marine ecological protection, and adapt to different shoreline conditions.

[0004] In this context, the present invention proposes a modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete block and its layout method. Through modular design ideas and multi-level layout strategies, it aims to construct a flexible and diverse ecological revetment system with rich ecological functions, providing a new and effective way for coastal ecological protection and restoration. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and an arrangement method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0007] The first aspect of the present invention discloses a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block, wherein the surface of the ecological revetment concrete block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5 cm-10 cm, and the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, so as to increase the surface area and attachment points;

[0008] The surface roughness of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the range of ±5 cm, which improves the anti-slip performance, increases the turbulence of the water flow, and promotes oxygen exchange;

[0009] There are three layers of support bodies inside the ecological revetment concrete block. The outermost support body is a 50mm-70mm thick concrete wall, and its height is 100-150mm lower than the overall height of the block. The middle layer support body is 50-60mm thick and its height is 100-150mm lower than the height of the outermost support body. The innermost support body is a 500mm×500mm cubic column. Each side of the internal support of the ecological revetment concrete block is provided with a through-length cavity.

[0010] Preferably, the ecological bank protection concrete block is a cubic structure.

[0011] Preferably, the size of the cavity is length × width = 50mm × 50mm, which is used to reduce the amount of block concrete and promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and form a wave-breaking effect; the outermost cavity is arranged at 100mm from the corner of the outermost support body, a cavity is arranged on the support body in each direction, and the middle layer cavity is arranged in the middle position of the four sides of the middle layer support, dividing the middle layer support body into a 4C shape, and the cavity height is consistent with the support body height; channels are formed between the supports and between the cavities and the supports, and the internal water flow channels enhance the connectivity of the biological habitat.

[0012] Preferably, the alkalinity of the ecological bank protection concrete block is controlled within the pH range of 9-10.

[0013] Preferably, the water permeability coefficient of the material of the ecological revetment concrete block is not less than 0.1 cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01 cm / s. 3 / cm 2 ·s, promoting biofilm formation and oxygen circulation.

[0014] The second aspect of the present invention discloses a method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks, which is applied to any one of the modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0015] A vertical hierarchical arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs; wherein the ecological revetment concrete blocks are arranged in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer shelter and complex habitats; and natural reef-shaped blocks are arranged in the low tide area to simulate the natural ecological environment;

[0016] During the layout process, the gaps and connections between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem;

[0017] Adapt the layout of the blocks to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed;

[0018] Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism, conduct regular assessment and maintenance of the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and make timely adjustments and optimization of block layout based on monitoring results.

[0019] Preferably, the vertical hierarchical arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs is specifically as follows:

[0020] Collect water level data of at least one complete tidal cycle in the target area, determine the critical elevation values ​​of high tide and low tide through water level frequency analysis, and then divide the intertidal zone into N vertical levels;

[0021] When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, the equal-division elevation method is used to establish the stratum boundary. When the tidal range is ≤ 3 meters, a non-uniform stratification model is established based on the measured distribution data of the biological habitat zone;

[0022] A biological preference database is established for each level. When the benthic biodiversity index in the level is monitored to be lower than the threshold α, the modular block type selection mechanism is triggered: cubic modules with hole structures are deployed in the high tide area, and the internal cavity network forms a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15cm. A multi-level platform structure is constructed through the height difference of the support body to meet the vertical migration needs of crabs and shellfish; in the low tide area, a fluid mechanics optimization algorithm is used to generate natural reef morphology blocks, and the surface curvature radius is controlled in the range of 0.2-1.5m, so that the surface velocity gradient of the block is kept within the error range of ±15% with the natural reef area;

[0023] The correction function of the gap width W is constructed based on the average flow velocity v within the layer and the water turbidity T: when v>0.8m / s, W=10+0.5(T-30)cm. At the same time, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks to ensure that the angle θ between the center line of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming a staggered energy dissipation structure.

[0024] When a fish migration channel is detected, a continuous gap channel running through 3 or more levels is generated, and its cross-sectional area is S = 0.2H 2 A gradient design is carried out to achieve the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; where H is the channel height.

[0025] Preferably, during the layout process, the gaps and connections between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout is layered and staggered to form a coherent ecosystem, specifically:

[0026] By deploying underwater flow velocity sensors to obtain real-time flow velocity distribution data, when the average flow velocity v in the local area is monitored to be greater than 1.2 m / s, the gap width compensation mechanism is activated: the formula W = 10 + 0.3 (v-1.2) is used. 2 Dynamically adjust the spacing between adjacent blocks; where W is the gap width;

[0027] At the same time, based on the biological migration path tracking data, the gaps in the migratory channel area are widened in a targeted manner: when fish clustering activities are detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20cm, and artificial seaweed bundles are implanted in the gap to construct a temporary guide channel;

[0028] The Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional space grid with the center point of the block as the node. The constraints include: the overlap rate of adjacent layer block projections is ≤30%; the vertical layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H=1.5h±10%; the angle θ between the long axis direction of the block and the main flow direction must satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°;

[0029] When the angle β between the tidal direction and the normal wind direction is greater than 45°, the dual flow optimization mode is started to generate two sets of staggered arrangement schemes, and the staggered arrangement scheme with a vortex intensity reduction of more than 15% is selected through fluid simulation;

[0030] A block network connectivity model was constructed using a graph theory algorithm. When it was detected that the shortest path between any two ecological units exceeded the distance between three blocks, a springboard transition module was automatically inserted: a stepped groove with a width of 20 cm was set on the surface of the module, and the groove was filled with oyster shell matrix. The stress transfer efficiency was verified to be ≥85% through finite element analysis.

[0031] For straight line segments that are continuously arranged for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and its turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α=30°+0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; where L is the length of the arranged straight line segment.

[0032] Preferably, the arrangement of the blocks is adaptively adjusted according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed, specifically:

[0033] Obtain environmental pressure index EPI = 0.4 × (W s / 15) 2 +0.3×(V t / 2) 1.5 +0.3; where W s is the wind speed; V t is the rate of tide rise and fall;

[0034] When EPI>1.2, a dynamic counterweight algorithm is used to adjust the block foundation mass: in the area with wind speed W_s>15m / s, a removable counterweight module is embedded at the bottom of the block; when the tidal rate is >2m / s, the density compensation mechanism is activated to compress the block arrangement spacing to 80% of the design value, and a hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the structural integrity;

[0035] When the nitrogen-phosphorus concentration ratio N / P>16 and the sediment particle size D 50 When the density is less than 0.2mm, Kandelia candel seedlings are planted in the planting grooves on the surface of the blocks, and their root fixing modules are strengthened by bioadhesives; when the activity tracks of endangered species are detected, a bionic channel is set up between adjacent blocks, and the channel surface is set with a simulated intertidal zone reef texture, and the channel inclination angle α is optimized through fluid simulation to reduce the flow velocity to 0.3-0.5m / s;

[0036] When the COD index of the water quality indicator at the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for three consecutive days, the micropore activation program is started: the internal pores of the block are dredged through the built-in high-pressure water jet system to increase the water permeability coefficient to 0.15-0.2cm / s;

[0037] During typhoon warnings, the wave-resistant optimization mode is automatically activated: the long axis direction of the blocks is adjusted to be staggered at 55°±5° with the wave direction, and the vortex energy dissipation rate is verified to be ≥65% through computational fluid dynamics, forming a graded energy dissipation protection system.

[0038] Preferably, a monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and timely adjust and optimize the block layout according to the monitoring results, specifically:

[0039] Deploy underwater sonar arrays, biosensor networks and structural strain gauges to form a three-dimensional monitoring system to collect three core indicators: biomass density, block displacement, and water permeability attenuation rate in real time;

[0040] When any indicator is monitored to be beyond the threshold range for three consecutive months, the data cross-validation procedure is initiated: the image features of organisms attached to the surface of the block are extracted through a convolutional neural network, and a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupling map is constructed in combination with the hydrodynamic sensor data to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the abnormal area;

[0041] A dual evaluation system of the ecological function index EFI and the engineering performance index EPI was established: when the EFI dropped to 70% of the initial value, a transition module with an artificial reef cavity was inserted at the key node based on the biological migration heat map, and the surface was pre-planted with salt-tolerant vegetation;

[0042] When the EPI is lower than 80% of the design value, the structural strengthening mode is activated, laser scanning technology is used to reconstruct the spatial topological relationship of the blocks, anchoring reinforcement is implemented for blocks with cumulative displacement exceeding 50 mm, and basalt fiber reinforced concrete is filled in adjacent gaps;

[0043] Build a knowledge graph library containing historical maintenance data. When it is detected that the number of annual repeated maintenance at the same location is ≥2 times, retain the top 30% blocks in the current layout as high-quality genes. When regenerating the layout matrix, forcefully retain their spatial coordinates, and verify through Monte Carlo simulation that the eddy current energy dissipation rate of the new solution is improved by ≥10%. Implement self-learning updates after each flood season, convert the characteristic parameters of successful maintenance cases into new constraints and inject them into the optimization model to form a closed-loop iterative optimization system.

[0044] A three-level warning mechanism is established: when the biomass in the local area decreases by 20% week-on-week, a blue warning is activated and artificial reproduction and release are implemented; when the cumulative displacement in the month exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, an orange warning is triggered, and a drone cluster is used for precise grouting reinforcement; when the permeability coefficient decays to 60% of the design value and the turbidity increases by 30%, a red warning is activated, and the modular replacement device is activated for on-site replacement to ensure continuous and uninterrupted system functions.

[0045] The present invention solves the technical defects existing in the background technology, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] (1) Application value of ecological benefits

[0047] First, through modular design and multi-level structural layout, it provides a variety of habitats and ecological niches for marine organisms, significantly increasing the biodiversity of the intertidal zone. This design helps to restore and protect the intertidal ecosystem and maintain the continuity and stability of the biological community. Secondly, the eco-compatible materials used reduce the potential harm to marine organisms, promote the formation of biofilms and oxygen circulation, and further enhance the stability and self-recovery ability of the ecosystem. Finally, by simulating the ecological gradient of the natural intertidal zone, it provides a suitable growth and reproduction environment for marine organisms, which helps maintain the balance and service functions of the marine ecosystem, such as water purification and carbon sink. The application value of these ecological benefits is not only reflected in the protection of the marine ecological environment, but also provides a strong guarantee for the sustainable use of marine resources.

[0048] (2) Application value of engineering benefits

[0049] First, the modular design makes the concrete blocks easy to manufacture, transport and install, significantly reducing the construction difficulty and cost. At the same time, the interchangeability and combination flexibility between modules facilitate engineering adjustments and maintenance, and improve engineering efficiency. Secondly, the multi-level structural layout strategy can be adaptively adjusted according to the specific environmental conditions of the intertidal zone, enhancing the stability and durability of the ecological revetment system. In addition, the internal cavity and channel design in the present invention reduces the amount of block concrete, while promoting water circulation and wave dissipation effects, and improving the engineering protection performance. The application value of these engineering benefits makes this patent widely applicable and competitive in coastal protection projects, providing a more economical, efficient and sustainable solution for coastal protection projects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, drawings of other embodiments can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the 4C block;

[0052] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the 4C block;

[0053] Figure 3 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the planar structure of the 4C block;

[0054] Figure 4 This is a simplified schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the 4C block;

[0055] Figure 5 This is the rendering of the revetment layout. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] like Figure 1-4As shown, the first aspect of the present invention discloses a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block, wherein the surface of the ecological revetment concrete block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm, and the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, so as to increase the surface area and attachment points;

[0059] The surface roughness of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the range of ±5 cm, which improves the anti-slip performance, increases the turbulence of the water flow, and promotes oxygen exchange;

[0060] There are three layers of support bodies inside the ecological revetment concrete block. The outermost support body is a 50mm-70mm thick concrete wall, and its height is 100-150mm lower than the overall height of the block. The middle layer support body is 50-60mm thick and its height is 100-150mm lower than the height of the outermost support body. The innermost support body is a 500mm×500mm cubic column. Each side of the internal support of the ecological revetment concrete block is provided with a through-length cavity.

[0061] Preferably, the ecological revetment concrete block is a cubic structure, and the length, width and height can all be 1 meter (which can be adjusted according to actual engineering needs) to ensure the interchangeability and combination flexibility between modules. The modules are closely arranged and connected to ensure the overall stability of the structure.

[0062] Preferably, the size of the cavity is length × width = 50mm × 50mm, which is used to reduce the amount of block concrete and promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and form a wave-breaking effect; the outermost cavity is arranged at 100mm from the corner of the outermost support body, a cavity is arranged on the support body in each direction, and the middle layer cavity is arranged in the middle position of the four sides of the middle layer support, dividing the middle layer support body into a 4C shape (4 similar "C"), and the cavity height is consistent with the support body height; channels are formed between the supports and between the cavities and the supports, and the internal water flow channels enhance the connectivity of the biological habitat.

[0063] Preferably, the alkalinity of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the pH range of 9-10, which is much lower than the pH value of 13 of ordinary concrete, thereby reducing potential harm to marine life.

[0064] Preferably, the water permeability coefficient of the material of the ecological revetment concrete block is not less than 0.1 cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01 cm / s. 3 / cm 2 ·s, promoting biofilm formation and oxygen circulation.

[0065] In summary, the concrete block in the present invention is an innovative ecological revetment component, the core of which lies in the comprehensive application of modular design, multi-level structure, complex surface, internal cavity and channel, and ecologically compatible materials, aiming to create a comprehensive ecological revetment system that not only has engineering protection functions but also promotes the habitat of marine organisms and the stability of the ecosystem:

[0066] (1) Modular design

[0067] As an independent module, each concrete block not only has a standardized size (such as 1m×1m×1m, which can be adjusted according to actual needs), but also has a specific structure and function. This design greatly facilitates the individual manufacturing, transportation, installation and later maintenance of the blocks, significantly reducing the construction difficulty and cost. At the same time, through the close arrangement and specific connection methods between modules, ecological revetment systems of different forms and sizes can be flexibly combined to adapt to diverse coastal environments and engineering needs. In addition, the interchangeability between modules ensures the convenience and efficiency of the ecological revetment system when it is expanded or adjusted.

[0068] (2) Multi-level structure design

[0069] The blocks are scientifically divided into 3-5 levels in the vertical direction. The height difference between different blocks in each layer is controlled at 0.2-0.3m, and the overall slope is designed to be 1:3 to 1:5 to simulate the ecological gradient of the natural intertidal zone. This multi-level structure not only provides multi-level and multi-type habitats and ecological niches for marine organisms, but also optimizes water flow dynamics and promotes the stability and diversity of biological habitats. Each level is adjusted according to water level changes to ensure the adaptability and functionality of the ecological revetment system under different tidal conditions.

[0070] (3) Complex surface structure

[0071] The surface of the block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm, a hole density of 10-50 holes per square meter, and a concave-convex degree within the range of ±5cm. This complex porous and concave-convex structure significantly increases the surface area and roughness of the block, providing abundant attachment points and habitat space for marine organisms. At the same time, this structure is also conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, promotes the formation of biofilms and oxygen circulation, and further enhances the stability and biodiversity of the ecosystem.

[0072] (4) Internal cavities and channels

[0073] The blocks are cleverly designed with cavities and channels, with the dimensions of length × width = 50 mm × 50 mm, which reduces the amount of concrete used in the blocks and promotes water circulation. These cavities and channels form a miniature ecosystem, providing a safe habitat for small marine organisms and promoting water exchange and nutrient circulation. In addition, the setting of cavities and channels also helps to form turbulence and wave elimination effects, improving the protective performance of the ecological revetment system.

[0074] (5) Ecologically compatible materials

[0075] The blocks are made of specially proportioned concrete materials with low alkalinity (pH value controlled within the range of 9-10) and high ecological compatibility. This material significantly reduces the potential harm to marine life and provides a more suitable environment for the growth and habitat of marine life. At the same time, the water permeability and air permeability of the material also promote the formation of biofilm and oxygen circulation, further enhancing the stability and biodiversity of the ecosystem.

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, the second aspect of the present invention discloses a method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks, which is applied to any one of the modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0077] A vertical hierarchical arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs; wherein the ecological revetment concrete blocks are arranged in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer shelter and complex habitats; and natural reef-shaped blocks are arranged in the low tide area to simulate the natural ecological environment;

[0078] It should be noted that according to the water level changes and ecological environment characteristics of the intertidal zone, the ecological concrete blocks are arranged in multiple levels in the vertical direction. Different types of blocks are arranged at each level. For example, blocks with large surface areas and complex internal structures are arranged in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer shelter and complex habitats; blocks that are closer to natural reef forms are used in the low tide area to simulate the natural ecological environment. This multi-level arrangement strategy has formed a diverse ecological environment, providing sufficient habitat space and foraging opportunities for marine organisms.

[0079] During the layout process, the gaps between the blocks (the average width is not less than 10 cm) and the connection methods (adopting a staggered strategy) are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem; this design helps to maintain the continuity of the biological community and the overall stability of the ecosystem.

[0080] The layout of the blocks is adaptively adjusted according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed; for example, the stability and anti-scouring ability of the blocks are increased in areas with strong winds and waves; vegetation coverage and biodiversity protection measures are increased in ecologically sensitive areas; this environmental adaptive adjustment ensures the stability and functionality of the ecological revetment system under different environmental conditions.

[0081] Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism, conduct regular assessment and maintenance of the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and make timely adjustments and optimization of block layout based on monitoring results.

[0082] It should be noted that a long-term monitoring and maintenance mechanism should be established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system. Measures such as cleaning attachments and supplementing vegetation can be taken to ensure the health and stability of the ecosystem. At the same time, the block layout should be adjusted and optimized in a timely manner based on the monitoring results to ensure that it always complies with ecological principles and meets the needs of ecological protection. This monitoring and maintenance mechanism helps to maintain the long-term benefits and sustainability of the ecological revetment system.

[0083] It should be noted that blocks with larger surface areas and complex internal structures may be deployed in high tide areas to attract organisms that prefer sheltered and complex habitats; while blocks that are closer to natural reef forms may be used in low tide areas to simulate the natural ecological environment.

[0084] In terms of layout, a staggered strategy is adopted. This means that the blocks are not simply arranged in a straight line or at even intervals, but are carefully arranged according to tidal changes, water flow speed and biological activity habits. In this way, the total surface area of ​​the blocks per square meter of coastline is ensured to be no less than 2 square meters, thus providing sufficient habitat space for marine life. This layout also helps to reduce the impact of the blocks on the intertidal current and maintain the natural flow state of the water flow. In addition, the impact of the direction and speed of the water flow on the block layout is fully considered. In order to ensure the smooth exchange of water flow and the natural circulation of materials, the average width of the block gap is stipulated to be no less than 10 cm. This size allows the water flow to pass smoothly and avoids the stability problem of the blocks caused by too large gaps. In terms of overall layout, the blocks are arranged in layers and staggered. The high tide area deploys blocks with large surface areas and complex structures to form a stable habitat platform; the mid-tide area is used as a transition zone, and the blocks are relatively sparsely arranged; the low tide area simulates the natural reef environment, and the blocks are closely arranged and diverse in form. This layered arrangement not only helps maintain the continuity of biological communities, but also improves the overall stability of the intertidal ecosystem.

[0085] Layer division: The block is divided into 3-5 layers in the vertical direction, with a height difference of 0.2-0.3m in each layer, simulating the ecological gradient of the natural intertidal zone. Slope design: The overall slope of the block is 1:3 to 1:5, which is adjusted according to the water level changes at different levels to optimize the water flow dynamics and biological habitat.

[0086] In order to increase the complexity of water flow and the diversity of biological habitats, the angle between the center lines of adjacent blocks is required to be no less than 30 degrees. This design allows the water flow to generate more vortices and turbulence when passing through the gaps between blocks, thus providing more habitats and foraging opportunities for organisms.

[0087] At the same time, ecological corridors with a width of not less than 2 meters are reserved. These corridors, as channels for biological migration and material exchange, are of great significance for maintaining the connectivity and stability of the intertidal ecosystem. They allow organisms in different ecological niches to communicate and interact, promoting the improvement of biodiversity. In order to ensure the continued effectiveness of the ecological optimization effect, a regular monitoring and adjustment mechanism will also be implemented. By monitoring key indicators such as biodiversity, biomass and water flow velocity, the impact of block layout on the intertidal ecosystem can be understood in a timely manner. According to the monitoring results, the block layout will be adjusted and optimized in a timely manner to ensure that it always complies with ecological principles and meets the needs of ecological protection.

[0088] Preferably, the vertical hierarchical arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs is specifically as follows:

[0089] Collect water level data of at least one complete tidal cycle in the target area, determine the critical elevation values ​​of high tide (>90% flooding frequency) and low tide (<10% flooding frequency) by water level frequency analysis method, and then divide the intertidal zone into N vertical levels (N≥3);

[0090] When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, the equal-division elevation method is used to establish the stratum boundary. When the tidal range is ≤ 3 meters, a non-uniform stratification model is established based on the measured distribution data of the biological habitat zone;

[0091] A biological preference database is established for each level. When the benthic biodiversity index in the level is monitored to be lower than the threshold value α (α = 0.6), the modular block type selection mechanism is triggered: in the high tide area (flooding time < 4h / d), a cubic module with a hole structure is deployed, and its internal cavity network forms a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15cm, and a multi-level platform structure is constructed through the height difference of the support body to meet the vertical migration needs of crabs and shellfish; in the low tide area (flooding time > 8h / d), a fluid mechanics optimization algorithm is used to generate a natural reef morphology block, and its surface curvature radius is controlled in the range of 0.2-1.5m, so that the surface velocity gradient of the block is kept within the error range of ±15% with the natural reef area;

[0092] The correction function of the gap width W is constructed based on the average flow velocity v and water turbidity T within the layer: when v>0.8m / s, W=10+0.5(T-30)cm (T unit NTU), and the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks to ensure that the angle θ between the center line of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming a staggered energy dissipation structure;

[0093] When a fish migration channel is detected, a continuous gap channel running through 3 or more levels is generated, and its cross-sectional area is S = 0.2H 2 A gradient design is carried out to achieve the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; where H is the channel height.

[0094] Preferably, during the layout process, the gaps and connections between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout is layered and staggered to form a coherent ecosystem, specifically:

[0095] By deploying underwater flow velocity sensors to obtain real-time flow velocity distribution data, when the average flow velocity v in the local area is monitored to be greater than 1.2 m / s, the gap width compensation mechanism is activated: the formula W = 10 + 0.3 (v-1.2) is used. 2 (Unit: cm) Dynamically adjust the spacing between adjacent blocks; where W is the gap width;

[0096] At the same time, based on the biological migration path tracking data, the gaps in the migratory channel area are widened in a targeted manner: when fish clustering activities are detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20cm, and artificial seaweed bundles are implanted in the gaps (density ≥ 5 bundles / m 2 )Build a temporary guide channel;

[0097] The Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional space grid with the center point of the block as the node. The constraints include: the overlap rate of adjacent layer block projections is ≤30%; the vertical layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H=1.5h±10%; the angle θ between the long axis direction of the block and the main flow direction must satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°;

[0098] When the angle β between the tidal direction and the normal wind direction is greater than 45°, the dual flow optimization mode is started to generate two sets of staggered arrangement schemes, and the staggered arrangement scheme with a vortex intensity reduction of more than 15% is selected through fluid simulation;

[0099] A block network connectivity model was constructed using a graph theory algorithm. When it was detected that the shortest path between any two ecological units exceeded the distance between three blocks, a springboard transition module was automatically inserted: a stepped groove with a width of 20 cm (depth of 5-10 cm) was set on the surface of the module, and the groove was filled with oyster shell matrix (particle size of 2-5 cm). The stress transfer efficiency was verified to be ≥85% through finite element analysis.

[0100] For straight line segments that are continuously arranged for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and its turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α=30°+0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; where L is the length of the arranged straight line segment.

[0101] Preferably, the arrangement of the blocks is adaptively adjusted according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed, specifically:

[0102] Obtain environmental pressure index EPI = 0.4 × (W s / 15) 2 +0.3×(V t / 2) 1.5 +0.3; where W s is the wind speed; V t is the rate of tide rise and fall;

[0103] When EPI>1.2, a dynamic counterweight algorithm is used to adjust the block foundation mass: in the area with wind speed W_s>15m / s, a removable counterweight module is embedded at the bottom of the block; when the tidal rate is >2m / s, the density compensation mechanism is activated to compress the block arrangement spacing to 80% of the design value, and a hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the structural integrity;

[0104] When the nitrogen-phosphorus concentration ratio N / P>16 and the sediment particle size D 50 When the thickness is less than 0.2 mm, Kandelia candel seedlings (density 3-5 plants / m) are planted in the planting grooves (depth ≥15 cm) on the surface of the block. 2 ), whose root fixing module is strengthened by bioadhesive (component is chitosan-sodium alginate composite material); when the activity track of endangered species (such as Chinese horseshoe crab) is detected, a bionic channel (width ≥ 30cm) is set up between adjacent blocks, and the channel surface is set with intertidal reef texture (roughness Ra = 50-100μm), and the channel inclination angle α (5°≤α≤15°) is optimized through fluid simulation to reduce the flow rate to 0.3-0.5m / s;

[0105] When the COD index of the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for three consecutive days, the micropore activation program is started: the internal pores of the block are dredged through the built-in high-pressure water jet system (pressure ≥ 20MPa) to increase the water permeability coefficient to 0.15-0.2cm / s;

[0106] During typhoon warnings, the wave-resistant optimization mode is automatically activated: the long axis direction of the blocks is adjusted to be staggered at 55°±5° with the wave direction, and the vortex energy dissipation rate is verified to be ≥65% through computational fluid dynamics, forming a graded energy dissipation protection system.

[0107] Preferably, a monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and timely adjust and optimize the block layout according to the monitoring results, specifically:

[0108] Deploy underwater sonar arrays, biosensor networks and structural strain gauges to form a three-dimensional monitoring system to collect three core indicators: biomass density, block displacement, and water permeability attenuation rate in real time;

[0109] When any indicator is monitored to be beyond the threshold range for three consecutive months, the data cross-validation procedure is initiated: the image features of organisms attached to the surface of the block are extracted through a convolutional neural network, and a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupling map is constructed in combination with the hydrodynamic sensor data to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the abnormal area;

[0110] A dual evaluation system of ecological function index (EFI) and engineering performance index (EPI) was established: when EFI dropped to 70% of the initial value, a transition module with an artificial reef cavity (cavity volume ≥ 0.2m) was inserted at the key node based on the biological migration heat map. 3 ), the surface of which is pre-planted with salt-alkali tolerant vegetation (survival rate ≥ 90%);

[0111] When the EPI is lower than 80% of the design value, the structural strengthening mode is activated, and the spatial topological relationship of the blocks is reconstructed using laser scanning technology. The blocks with cumulative displacement exceeding 50 mm are anchored (anchor pull-out force ≥ 200 kN), and basalt fiber reinforced concrete (compressive strength ≥ 40 MPa) is filled in the adjacent gaps.

[0112] A knowledge graph library containing historical maintenance data is constructed. When it is detected that the number of annual repeated maintenance at the same location is ≥2 times, the blocks with the top 30% biological attachment rate in the current layout are retained as high-quality genes. When the layout matrix is ​​regenerated, its spatial coordinates are forced to be retained, and the eddy energy dissipation rate of the new scheme is verified to be improved by ≥10% through Monte Carlo simulation. Self-learning updates are implemented after each flood season, and the characteristic parameters of successful maintenance cases (including water flow angle 45°-60°, gap width 12-18cm, etc.) are converted into new constraints and injected into the optimization model to form a closed-loop iterative optimization system.

[0113] A three-level early warning mechanism was established: when the biomass in a local area decreased by 20% week-on-week, a blue warning was activated, and artificial propagation and release (density ≥ 50 fish / m 2); When the monthly cumulative displacement exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, an orange warning is triggered, and a drone cluster is used for precise grouting reinforcement (positioning error ≤ 5cm); when the permeability coefficient decays to 60% of the design value and the turbidity rises by 30%, a red warning is activated, and the modular replacement device is activated for on-site replacement (single operation time ≤ 2 hours) to ensure continuous and uninterrupted system functions.

[0114] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection between the components shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0115] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units; they may be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.

[0116] In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately used as a unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the above-mentioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional units.

[0117] Those skilled in the art can understand that: all or part of the steps of implementing the above method embodiments can be completed by hardware related to program instructions, and the aforementioned program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it executes the steps of the above method embodiments; and the aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, read-only memories (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memories (RAM, Random Access Memory), disks or optical disks, and other media that can store program codes.

[0118] Alternatively, if the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present invention is implemented in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, it can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention can be essentially or partly reflected in the form of a software product that contributes to the prior art. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks.

[0119] The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block, characterized by: The surface of the ecological revetment concrete block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm and a hole density of 10-50 per square meter to increase the surface area and attachment points; The surface roughness of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the range of ±5 cm, which improves the anti-slip performance, increases the turbulence of the water flow, and promotes oxygen exchange; There are three layers of support bodies inside the ecological revetment concrete block. The outermost support body is a 50mm-70mm thick concrete wall, and its height is 100-150mm lower than the overall height of the block. The middle layer support body is 50-60mm thick and its height is 100-150mm lower than the height of the outermost support body. The innermost support body is a 500mm×500mm cubic column. Each side of the internal support of the ecological revetment concrete block is provided with a through-length cavity.

2. The modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ecological bank protection concrete block is a cubic structure.

3. The modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block according to claim 1 is characterized by: The size of the cavity is length × width = 50mm × 50mm, which is used to reduce the amount of block concrete and promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and form a wave-breaking effect; the outermost cavity is set at 100mm from the corner of the outermost support body, a cavity is set for the support body in each direction, and the middle layer cavity is set in the middle position of the four sides of the middle layer support, dividing the middle layer support body into a 4C shape, and the cavity height is consistent with the support body height; channels are formed between the supports and between the cavities and the supports, and the internal water flow path enhances the connectivity of the biological habitat.

4. The modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block according to claim 1 is characterized by: The alkalinity of the ecological bank protection concrete block is controlled within the pH range of 9-10.

5. The modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block according to claim 1 is characterized by: The water permeability coefficient of the material of the ecological bank protection concrete block is not less than 0.1cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01cm 3 / cm 2 ·s, promoting biofilm formation and oxygen circulation.

6. A method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks, applied to a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A vertical hierarchical arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs; wherein the ecological revetment concrete blocks are arranged in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer shelter and complex habitats; and natural reef-shaped blocks are arranged in the low tide area to simulate the natural ecological environment; During the layout process, the gaps and connections between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem; Adapt the layout of the blocks to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed; Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism, conduct regular assessment and maintenance of the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and make timely adjustments and optimization of block layout based on monitoring results.

7. The method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The vertical hierarchical layout is based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal zone water level gradient and the biological habitat needs, specifically: Collect water level data of at least one complete tidal cycle in the target area, determine the critical elevation values ​​of high tide and low tide through water level frequency analysis, and then divide the intertidal zone into N vertical levels; When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, the equal-division elevation method is used to establish the stratum boundary. When the tidal range is ≤ 3 meters, a non-uniform stratification model is established based on the measured distribution data of the biological habitat zone; A biological preference database is established for each level. When the benthic biodiversity index in the level is monitored to be lower than the threshold α, the modular block type selection mechanism is triggered: cubic modules with hole structures are deployed in the high tide area, and the internal cavity network forms a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15cm. A multi-level platform structure is constructed through the height difference of the support body to meet the vertical migration needs of crabs and shellfish; in the low tide area, a fluid mechanics optimization algorithm is used to generate natural reef morphology blocks, and the surface curvature radius is controlled in the range of 0.2-1.5m, so that the surface velocity gradient of the block is kept within the error range of ±15% with the natural reef area; The correction function of the gap width W is constructed based on the average flow velocity v within the layer and the water turbidity T: when v>0.8m / s, W=10+0.5(T-30)cm. At the same time, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks to ensure that the angle θ between the center line of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming a staggered energy dissipation structure. When a fish migration channel is detected, a continuous gap channel running through 3 or more levels is generated, and its cross-sectional area is S = 0.2H 2 A gradient design is carried out to achieve the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; where H is the channel height.

8. The method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 6 is characterized in that: During the layout process, the gaps and connections between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem, specifically: By deploying underwater flow velocity sensors to obtain real-time flow velocity distribution data, when the average flow velocity v in the local area is monitored to be greater than 1.2 m / s, the gap width compensation mechanism is activated: the formula W = 10 + 0.3 (v-1.2) is used. 2 Dynamically adjust the spacing between adjacent blocks; where W is the gap width; At the same time, based on the biological migration path tracking data, the gaps in the migratory channel area are widened in a targeted manner: when fish clustering activities are detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20cm, and artificial seaweed bundles are implanted in the gap to construct a temporary guide channel; The Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional space grid with the center point of the block as the node. The constraints include: the overlap rate of adjacent layer block projections is ≤30%; the vertical layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H=1.5h±10%; the angle θ between the long axis direction of the block and the main flow direction must satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°; When the angle β between the tidal direction and the normal wind direction is greater than 45°, the dual flow optimization mode is started to generate two sets of staggered arrangement schemes, and the staggered arrangement scheme with a vortex intensity reduction of more than 15% is selected through fluid simulation; A block network connectivity model was constructed using a graph theory algorithm. When it was detected that the shortest path between any two ecological units exceeded the distance between three blocks, a springboard transition module was automatically inserted: a stepped groove with a width of 20 cm was set on the surface of the module, and the groove was filled with oyster shell matrix. The stress transfer efficiency was verified to be ≥85% through finite element analysis. For straight line segments that are continuously arranged for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and its turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α=30°+0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; where L is the length of the arranged straight line segment.

9. The method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: According to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed, the layout of the blocks is adaptively adjusted, specifically: Obtain environmental pressure index EPI = 0.4 × (W s / 15) 2 +0.3×(V t / 2) 1.5 +0.3; where W s is the wind speed; V t is the rate of tide rise and fall; When EPI>1.2, a dynamic counterweight algorithm is used to adjust the block foundation mass: in the area with wind speed W_s>15m / s, a removable counterweight module is embedded at the bottom of the block; when the tidal rate is >2m / s, the density compensation mechanism is activated to compress the block arrangement spacing to 80% of the design value, and a hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the structural integrity; When the nitrogen-phosphorus concentration ratio N / P>16 and the sediment particle size D 50 When the density is less than 0.2mm, Kandelia candel seedlings are planted in the planting grooves on the surface of the blocks, and their root fixing modules are strengthened by bioadhesives; when the activity tracks of endangered species are detected, a bionic channel is set up between adjacent blocks, and the channel surface is set with a simulated intertidal zone reef texture, and the channel inclination angle α is optimized through fluid simulation to reduce the flow velocity to 0.3-0.5m / s; When the COD index of the water quality indicator at the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for three consecutive days, the micropore activation program is started: the internal pores of the block are dredged through the built-in high-pressure water jet system to increase the water permeability coefficient to 0.15-0.2cm / s; During typhoon warnings, the wave-resistant optimization mode is automatically activated: the long axis direction of the blocks is adjusted to be staggered at 55°±5° with the wave direction, and the vortex energy dissipation rate is verified to be ≥65% through computational fluid dynamics, forming a graded energy dissipation protection system.

10. The method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 6, characterized in that: Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and make timely adjustments and optimizations to the block layout based on the monitoring results, specifically: Deploy underwater sonar arrays, biosensor networks and structural strain gauges to form a three-dimensional monitoring system to collect three core indicators: biomass density, block displacement, and water permeability attenuation rate in real time; When any indicator is monitored to be beyond the threshold range for three consecutive months, the data cross-validation procedure is initiated: the image features of organisms attached to the surface of the block are extracted through a convolutional neural network, and a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupling map is constructed in combination with the hydrodynamic sensor data to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of the abnormal area; A dual evaluation system of the ecological function index EFI and the engineering performance index EPI was established: when the EFI dropped to 70% of the initial value, a transition module with an artificial reef cavity was inserted at the key node based on the biological migration heat map, and the surface was pre-planted with salt-tolerant vegetation; When the EPI is lower than 80% of the design value, the structural strengthening mode is activated, laser scanning technology is used to reconstruct the spatial topological relationship of the blocks, anchoring reinforcement is implemented for blocks with cumulative displacement exceeding 50 mm, and basalt fiber reinforced concrete is filled in adjacent gaps; A knowledge graph library containing historical maintenance data is constructed. When the number of annual repeated maintenance at the same location is detected to be ≥2 times, the blocks with the top 30% biological attachment rate in the current layout are retained as high-quality genes. When the layout matrix is ​​regenerated, its spatial coordinates are forced to be retained. Monte Carlo simulation is used to verify that the eddy current energy dissipation rate of the new scheme is increased by ≥10%. Implement self-learning updates after each flood season, convert the characteristic parameters of successful maintenance cases into new constraints and inject them into the optimization model to form a closed-loop iterative optimization system; A three-level warning mechanism is established: when the biomass in the local area decreases by 20% week-on-week, a blue warning is activated and artificial reproduction and release are implemented; when the cumulative displacement in the month exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, an orange warning is triggered, and a drone cluster is used for precise grouting reinforcement; when the permeability coefficient decays to 60% of the design value and the turbidity increases by 30%, a red warning is activated, and the modular replacement device is activated for on-site replacement to ensure continuous and uninterrupted system functions.

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