Double-machine TBM and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a double-machine TBM and a construction method thereof. The problem that in the prior art, a main hole and a deeply-buried drainage ditch cannot be constructed synchronously is solved. The double-machine TBM comprises a large TBM body and a small TBM body arranged on the lower portion of the large TBM body, the large TBM body and the small TBM body conduct excavation of a large tunnel and a small tunnel at the same time, the small TBM body is connected with the large TBM body through a connecting mechanism, a first slag discharging mechanism is arranged in the large TBM body, a second slag discharging mechanism is arranged in the small TBM body, and the second slag discharging mechanism is correspondingly connected with the first slag discharging mechanism through a lifting type conveyor to form a common slag discharging system. By means of the design, synchronous excavation of the main hole and the deeply-buried drainage ditch can be conducted synchronously. Compared with an existing tunnel excavation mode, the double-machine TBM structure and method have the advantages that a main hole and a deeply-buried drainage ditch can be excavated at the same time through the double-machine TBM, meanwhile, tunnel excavation and secondary lining can be conducted synchronously, the total project construction period is shortened, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to a dual-machine TBM for double-hole excavation. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of infrastructure such as transportation, tunnel construction is increasing. In the current general tunnel construction, it is necessary to first excavate the main tunnel, then excavate the deep buried drainage ditch at the bottom separately, and then construct the invert and secondary lining. Since the main tunnel and the drainage ditch cannot be constructed at the same time, the speed of the tunnel secondary lining is greatly affected, which in turn affects the overall construction progress of the tunnel.

[0003] In the prior art, multiple cutter discs are often used to excavate a tunnel. For example, a large-diameter split combined pipe jacking machine and its construction method with publication number CN 114810119 A uses a combination of large and small cutter discs to optimize the cutter disc structure and cutting mode of the traditional circular pipe jacking machine, that is, to reduce the cutting torque of the central large cutter disc and improve the overall cutting efficiency and penetration of the cutter disc. However, the problem of synchronous construction of the main tunnel and the deep buried drainage ditch is not solved. Therefore, it is necessary to design a dual-machine TBM to solve this problem. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention proposes a dual-machine TBM and a construction method thereof, which solves the problem in the prior art that the main tunnel and the deep buried drainage ditch cannot be constructed synchronously.

[0005] The technical solution of the present invention is implemented as follows: a dual-machine TBM, including a large TBM and a small TBM arranged at the bottom of the large TBM, the large TBM and the small TBM excavate two tunnels of different sizes at the same time, the small TBM is connected to the large TBM through a connecting mechanism, a first slag discharge mechanism is provided in the large TBM, a second slag discharge mechanism is provided in the small TBM, and the second slag discharge mechanism is connected to the first slag discharge mechanism correspondingly through a lifting conveyor to form a common slag discharge system. Through the above design, the main tunnel and the deep buried drainage ditch can be excavated synchronously, and through the common slag discharge system, the load of the small TBM can be reduced, and the slag discharge of the small TBM can be satisfied while ensuring the excavation efficiency of the small TBM.

[0006] Preferably, a slag collecting bucket is provided at the tail of the small TBM, and the lower slag inlet of the lifting conveyor is located in the slag collecting bucket. The slag excavated by the small TBM is temporarily stored in the slag collecting bucket and then transported to the first slag discharging mechanism by the lifting conveyor, so as to realize continuous and efficient slag discharging.

[0007] Further preferably, the connecting mechanism includes a fixed connecting rod, both ends of which are respectively hinged to the main beam of the large TBM and the shield of the small TBM; the slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism corresponds to the slag collecting bucket, and the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism; the lifting conveyor is a bucket elevator, and the upper part of the bucket elevator is connected to the main beam of the large TBM.

[0008] Further preferably, the connecting mechanism includes at least two directional adjustment cylinders, both ends of which are respectively hinged to the main beam of the large TBM and the shield of the small TBM; the lifting conveyor is a telescopic lifting conveyor, the slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism corresponds to the slag collecting bucket, and the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism.

[0009] Further preferably, the lifting conveyor includes an upper shell, a lower shell and a conveying chain, the upper shell is hinged to the main beam of the large TBM, the lower shell is hinged in the slag collecting bucket, and the upper shell and the lower shell are plug-in and slidingly matched, and a chain adjustment mechanism cooperating with the conveying chain is provided in the upper shell and / or the lower shell.

[0010] Further preferably, the chain adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic adjustment cylinder fixed in the upper shell and / or the lower shell, and both ends of the telescopic adjustment cylinder are provided with ear seats, and sprockets that match the conveyor chain are rotatably provided on the ear seats. The chain adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the vertical length of the chain, which is adapted to the steering of the small TBM.

[0011] Further preferably, a slide box bracket is provided at the lower part of the main beam of the large TBM, a guide rail is provided on the slide box bracket, a slider is provided on the upper shell and / or the lower shell, the slider slides in cooperation with the guide rail, and during the turning process of the small TBM, the slider moves on the guide rail to improve the stability of the lifting conveyor.

[0012] Further preferably, the large TBM includes a large cutterhead, a large shield body and a main beam, the main beam is fixedly connected to the large shield body, the rear part of the main beam is connected to a rear supporting part, and the large shield body is provided with a first main drive for driving the large cutterhead to rotate; the first slag discharge mechanism is arranged on the main beam and the rear supporting part; the first slag discharge mechanism includes a front conveyor arranged on the main beam and corresponding to the large cutterhead and a main machine belt conveyor arranged on the rear supporting part; the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor corresponds to the main machine belt conveyor; and an inverted arch crane is movably connected to the lower part of the main beam.

[0013] Further preferably, the small TBM includes a small cutter disc, a front shield and a supporting shield, the small cutter disc is connected to a second main drive arranged in the front shield, the small cutter disc is located below and behind the large shield body, and the excavation section of the small cutter disc intersects with the excavation section of the large cutter disc; a thrust cylinder is provided between the front shield and the supporting shield, auxiliary support shoes are provided on the supporting shield, a slag collecting bucket is provided at the rear of the supporting shield, and the second slag discharge mechanism is a small belt conveyor, the front part of the small belt conveyor is located in the front shield and corresponds to the small cutter disc, and the rear part of the small belt conveyor is located in the supporting shield and corresponds to the slag collecting bucket.

[0014] A dual-machine TBM construction method, using the dual-machine TBM construction, the steps are as follows: S1 places the two TBMs in the area to be excavated, with the large TBM excavation area ahead of the small TBM excavation area; S2 starts the large TBM and the small TBM at the same time. The main support shoe of the large TBM supports the large hole wall, and the auxiliary support shoe of the small TBM supports the small hole wall. The large TBM excavates the main hole, and the small TBM excavates the deep buried drainage ditch at the bottom at the same time. During the S3 excavation process, the excavated soil from the small TBM is transported to the slag collecting bucket at the tail of the small TBM through the second slag discharging mechanism. The soil in the slag collecting bucket is lifted by the lifting conveyor and transported to the main machine belt conveyor of the first slag discharging mechanism. At the same time, the excavated soil from the large TBM is transported to the main machine belt conveyor through the front conveyor. The excavated soil from the small TBM and the excavated soil from the large TBM are both transported to the outside of the tunnel by the main machine belt conveyor. When S4 completes a stroke of excavation work, the large cutterhead of the large TBM and the small cutterhead of the small TBM stop rotating, the main support shoe of the large TBM is retracted, and the push cylinder of the large TBM retracts, driving the main support shoe and the rear supporting equipment to move forward. At the same time, the auxiliary support shoe of the small TBM is retracted, and the push cylinder of the small TBM drives the support shield and auxiliary support shoe to move, completing the synchronous step change of the dual TBMs; S5 repeats steps S2 to S4 until the entire double-hole excavation is completed.

[0015] When a deep-buried drainage ditch needs to be excavated with a small angle turn, the connecting mechanism uses a steering cylinder to connect the large TBM and the small TBM. The small TBM adjusts the excavation direction through the steering cylinder. At the same time, the lifting conveyor uses a telescopic hoist to match the steering of the small TBM for smooth slag discharge.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a two-level arrangement of large and small TBMs, with the large TBM cutterhead placed in front of the small TBM cutterhead, to perform synchronous excavation of the main tunnel and the lower deep-buried drainage ditch respectively, and the excavation ranges of the large and small TBMs overlap to reduce the excavation blind area and improve the excavation efficiency. The large and small TBMs are connected in series in structure and in parallel in function, changing the traditional tunnel construction method, realizing the synchronous construction of the main tunnel and the deep-buried drainage ditch, and forming them in one go, greatly improving the efficiency of double-tunnel construction.

[0017] The common slag discharge system for large and small TBMs of the present invention adopts a Y-shaped slag discharge line. This structural design eliminates the need for configuration of supporting equipment for the small TBM, reduces the load of the small TBM while reducing costs, improves the flexibility of the small TBM, and further improves the excavation efficiency of the small TBM.

[0018] The connection mechanism of the present invention can be replaced by a direction adjustment structure, that is, the connection of the large and small TBMs can be achieved through the direction adjustment cylinder. The excavation direction of the small TBM can be adjusted by the direction adjustment cylinder, which can be used to excavate non-linear deep buried ditches and improve the excavation flexibility of the small TBM. At the same time, in order to adapt to the small TBM that can turn, the lifting conveyor adopts a telescopic hoist; when the excavation direction of the small TBM changes, its vertical slag discharge length changes. For this reason, a telescopic hoist with an adjustable vertical slag discharge length is selected to achieve the continuity of slag discharge.

[0019] Compared with the existing tunnel excavation methods, the dual-machine structure and method of the present invention can simultaneously excavate the main tunnel and the deep buried drainage ditch, and can also carry out tunnel excavation and secondary lining simultaneously, thereby shortening the total construction period of the project and improving construction efficiency. It has high practical value and promotion value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a small TBM of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the double-circle TBM used in the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slag conveying state of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lifting conveyor in Example 2; Figure 6 It is a partial schematic diagram of the chain adjustment mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 As shown, in Example 1, a dual-machine TBM includes a large TBM1 and a small TBM2 arranged at the bottom of the large TBM1. The large TBM1 and the small TBM2 are used as two excavation equipment. The large TBM1 and the small TBM2 simultaneously excavate two large and small tunnels; it should be noted that the large TBM1 can adopt a rectangular or circular shield, and the small TBM2 can also adopt a rectangular or circular shield. In this embodiment, the large TBM is circular and the small TBM is circular as an example. The diameter of the large TBM is greater than the diameter of the small TBM, forming a double circular TBM. The small TBM2 is connected to the large TBM1 through a connecting mechanism 3, and the structural connection of the large and small TBMs is realized through the connecting mechanism. The large TBM1 is provided with a first slag discharge mechanism 10, and the small TBM2 is provided with a second slag discharge mechanism 20. The second slag discharge mechanism 20 is correspondingly connected to the first slag discharge mechanism 10 through a lifting conveyor 30 to form a common slag discharge system. The common slag discharge system adopts a Y-shaped slag discharge line. The first slag discharge mechanism 10 is used to transport the slag excavated by the large TBM, and is also used to transport the slag delivered by the second slag discharge mechanism to the outside of the tunnel. This structural design eliminates the need for the configuration of supporting equipment for the small TBM, reduces the load of the small TBM, reduces the cost, improves the flexibility of the small TBM, and further improves the excavation efficiency of the small TBM.

[0024] In this embodiment, a slag collecting bucket 206 is provided at the tail of the small TBM 2, and a lower slag inlet of the lifting conveyor 30 is located in the slag collecting bucket 206, which is used to transport the slag in the slag collecting bucket. The slag excavated by the small TBM is temporarily stored in the slag collecting bucket, and then transported to the first slag discharging mechanism by the lifting conveyor, so as to realize continuous and efficient slag discharging.

[0025] The connection mechanism 3 described in this embodiment includes a fixed connection rod, which is only used to connect the large and small TBMs, so that the large TBM is located above the small TBM, and the small TBM is located below and behind the large TBM, ensuring the synchronization of excavation of the two. The two ends of the fixed connection rod are respectively hinged on the main beam 4 of the large TBM1 and the shield body of the small TBM2 to achieve the connection between the two. The slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism 20 corresponds to the slag collecting bucket 206, and the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor 30 corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism 10; Figure 4 As shown, the lifting conveyor 30 is a bucket elevator, and the upper part of the bucket elevator is connected to the main beam 4 of the large TBM 1. The main beam is used to bear the weight of the bucket elevator, reducing the load of the slag bucket and the small TBM. In this embodiment, the bucket elevator can adopt a conventional elevator, and its slag inlet is located in the slag bucket for slag inlet, and the slag outlet is located above the main machine belt conveyor of the first slag discharge mechanism, so as to complete the slag from the second slag discharge mechanism to the first slag discharge mechanism, realize the synchronous slag discharge of the large and small TBMs, meet the simultaneous excavation of the main hole and the deep drainage ditch, and improve the efficiency of tunnel construction.

[0026] like Figure 3 As shown, in Example 2, a dual-machine TBM includes a large TBM1 and a small TBM2 arranged at the bottom of the large TBM1. The large TBM1 and the small TBM2 are used as two excavation equipment. The large TBM1 and the small TBM2 simultaneously excavate two large and small tunnels; it should be noted that the large TBM1 can adopt a rectangular or circular shield, and the small TBM2 can also adopt a rectangular or circular shield. In this embodiment, the large TBM is circular and the small TBM is circular as an example. The diameter of the large TBM is greater than the diameter of the small TBM, forming a double circular TBM. The small TBM2 is connected to the large TBM1 through a connecting mechanism 3, and the structural connection of the large and small TBMs is realized through the connecting mechanism. The large TBM1 is provided with a first slag discharge mechanism 10, and the small TBM2 is provided with a second slag discharge mechanism 20. The second slag discharge mechanism 20 is correspondingly connected to the first slag discharge mechanism 10 through a lifting conveyor 30 to form a common slag discharge system. The common slag discharge system adopts a Y-shaped slag discharge line. The first slag discharge mechanism 10 is used to transport the slag excavated by the large TBM, and is also used to transport the slag delivered by the second slag discharge mechanism to the outside of the tunnel. This structural design eliminates the need for the configuration of supporting equipment for the small TBM, reduces the load of the small TBM, reduces the cost, improves the flexibility of the small TBM, and further improves the excavation efficiency of the small TBM.

[0027] In this embodiment, a slag collecting bucket 206 is provided at the tail of the small TBM 2, and a lower slag inlet of the lifting conveyor 30 is located in the slag collecting bucket 206, which is used to transport the slag in the slag collecting bucket. The slag excavated by the small TBM is temporarily stored in the slag collecting bucket, and then transported to the first slag discharging mechanism by the lifting conveyor, so as to realize continuous and efficient slag discharging.

[0028] The present embodiment is different from the embodiment 1 in that the connection mechanism in the present embodiment not only has a connection function but also has a direction adjustment function. Specifically, the connection mechanism 3 includes at least two direction adjustment cylinders 207, which are divided into two groups and connected in a V-shape between the large and small TBMs. The two ends of the direction adjustment cylinder 207 are respectively hinged to the main beam 4 of the large TBM1 and the shield of the small TBM2, and have a certain degree of freedom; by adjusting the excavation direction of the small TBM by the direction adjustment cylinder, it can be used to excavate non-linear deep buried ditches, thereby improving the excavation flexibility of the small TBM. In order to adapt to the small TBM that can turn, the lifting conveyor 30 is a telescopic lifting machine; when the excavation direction of the small TBM changes, its vertical slag discharge length changes. For this reason, a telescopic lifting machine with an adjustable vertical slag discharge length is selected to achieve the continuity of slag discharge. In this embodiment, the slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism 20 also corresponds to the slag collecting bucket 206, and the slag collecting bucket is used for receiving and temporarily storing slag. The slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor 30 corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism 10; the slag in the slag collecting bucket enters through the slag inlet of the elevator, and then enters the first slag discharge mechanism through the elevator, and is transported to the outside of the tunnel, completing the joint slag discharge of large and small TBMs, improving the slag discharge efficiency, and ensuring the synchronization of excavation of large and small TBMs.

[0029] like Figure 5 As shown, the lifting conveyor 30 described in this embodiment includes an upper shell 301, a lower shell 302 and a conveying chain 303. The upper shell 301 is hinged to the main beam 4 of the large TBM1, and the lower shell 302 is hinged to the slag collecting bucket 206 at the bottom, and the upper shell 301 and the lower shell 302 are plugged and slidably matched; the lower shell part is shorter than the upper shell, which reduces the load of the small TBM. It should be pointed out that in order to further reduce the load of the slag collecting bucket, the lower shell can also be connected to the upper shell by a vertical cylinder, and the weight is concentrated on the main beam. During the small TBM adjustment process, the upper and lower shells can slide relative to each other, changing the length of the entire shell to ensure the continuity of slag discharge. In addition, a chain adjustment mechanism that cooperates with the conveying chain 303 is provided in the upper shell 301 and / or the lower shell 302. The chain adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the chain length so that it is compatible with the shell and the large and small TBMs to achieve synchronous slag discharge. The conveying chain is similar to other bucket elevator chains. It has a bucket on it, which is engaged with an upper sprocket arranged in the upper shell and a lower sprocket arranged in the lower shell. The upper sprocket is connected to the drive motor, and the chain is driven to rotate under the action of the motor to realize the lifting and transportation of the slag.

[0030] Specifically, if Figure 6As shown, the chain adjustment mechanism described in this embodiment includes a telescopic adjustment cylinder 304 fixed in the upper shell 301 and / or the lower shell 302, and both ends of the telescopic adjustment cylinder 304 are provided with ear seats, and the ear seats are rotatably provided with sprockets 305 that match the conveying chain 303. The telescopic adjustment cylinder can be set in the upper shell 301 or the lower shell 302 as needed, and can also be set in the upper shell 301 and the lower shell 302 at the same time. The specific setting position can be selected according to actual needs. The telescopic adjustment cylinder preferably adopts a bidirectional telescopic cylinder. The cylinder is set between the annular chains, and the two sprockets are meshed with the chains accordingly; when the sliding length of the upper and lower shells increases, the corresponding telescopic adjustment cylinder retracts, and the vertical length of the conveying chain increases, which is adapted to the steering of the small TBM to ensure continuous slag discharge.

[0031] In order to further improve the stability of the lifting conveyor, a sliding box bracket 306 is fixedly provided at the lower part of the main beam 4 of the large TBM 1, and a guide rail 307 is provided on the sliding box bracket 306. A slider 308 is provided on the upper shell 301 and / or the lower shell 302. When the upper shell is inserted into the lower shell, a slider is provided on the upper shell 301, and when the lower shell is inserted into the upper shell, a slider is provided on the lower shell. The slider 308 slides with the guide rail 307. When the shell turns with the small TBM, the slider slides on the guide rail with the shell, plays a role in supporting the lifting conveyor, ensuring its stability, and reducing the load-bearing pressure on the small TBM.

[0032] Embodiment 3: A dual-machine TBM. Based on Embodiment 1 or 2, this embodiment is further optimized. The large TBM 1 includes a large cutter disc 1-1, a large shield body 31, a main beam 4 and a push cylinder. The main beam 4 is fixedly connected to the large shield body 31. The rear part of the main beam 4 is connected to a rear supporting device 8. The rear supporting device provides power and material transportation for the dual-circle TBM. The push cylinder provides the axial force of the excavation of the large TBM. The large shield body 31 is provided with a first main drive for driving the large cutter disc 1-1 to rotate; the first slag discharge mechanism 10 is arranged on the main beam 4 and the rear supporting device 8. The first slag discharge mechanism 10 includes a front conveyor arranged on the main beam 4 and corresponding to the large cutter disc 1-1 and a main machine belt conveyor 6 arranged on the rear supporting device 8; the front conveyor can be a screw conveyor for front conveying of slag. The main machine belt conveyor 6 is used for rear conveying of slag. The slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor 30 corresponds to the main machine belt conveyor 6, and the lifting conveyor 30 is located on the side of the belt conveyor. The lifting conveyor 30 transports the slag transported by the second slag discharge mechanism to the main machine belt conveyor, and then transports it to the outside of the tunnel. The lower part of the main beam 4 is movably connected with an arch crane 7. The main beam 4 is also provided with a support system 5, which provides necessary initial support for the large TBM to excavate the main tunnel, including anchor drills, etc. The arch crane 7 is used to lift and lay the arch blocks 9, and the arch blocks are transported by a trolley. During the excavation of the double-circle TBM, the installation of the arch blocks 9 can be carried out simultaneously without interfering with each other. The main beam 4 is also provided with a main support shoe, which provides a reaction force for the TBM excavation by supporting the tunnel wall and relying on friction. The main beam 4 is also provided with a rear support to improve the stability of the large TBM step change.

[0033] like Figure 2As shown, the small TBM2 described in this embodiment includes a small cutter head 201, a front shield 202 and a support shield 204. The small cutter head 201 is connected to the second main drive 208 set in the front shield 202. The small cutter head 201 is located at the lower rear of the large shield body 31 and the excavation section of the small cutter head 201 intersects with the excavation section of the large cutter head 1-1. The excavation range of the large TBM slightly overlaps with the excavation range of the small TBM to reduce the excavation blind area. A propulsion cylinder 203 is provided between the front shield 202 and the support shield 204. The propulsion cylinder 203 provides the axial force for the small TBM to advance and can also provide direction adjustment for the TBM. Auxiliary grippers 205 are provided on the support shield 203, and the auxiliary grippers 205 hold the tunnel wall tightly, relying on friction to provide reaction force for the small TBM excavation; a slag collecting bucket 206 is provided at the rear of the support shield 203, and the second slag discharge mechanism 20 is a small belt conveyor 209, the front of which is located in the front shield 202 and corresponds to the small cutter disc 201, and the rear of the small belt conveyor 209 is located in the support shield 203 and corresponds to the slag collecting bucket 206. The slag excavated by the small cutter disc 201 enters the slag collecting bucket through the small belt conveyor, and then is transported to the main belt conveyor through the lifting conveyor to complete the joint slag discharge. In this embodiment, the dual-machine TBM adopts a two-level arrangement of large and small circular TBMs, with the large TBM cutter disc placed in front of the small TBM cutter disc, and the excavation ranges of the large and small TBMs overlap slightly to reduce the excavation blind area and ensure the smooth excavation of the small TBM.

[0034] Example 4: A dual-machine TBM construction method, using the dual-machine TBM construction described in Example 3, the steps are as follows: S1 places the dual TBMs in the area to be excavated, with the large TBM1 excavation area ahead of the small TBM2 excavation area; providing a suitable initial excavation area for the dual TBMs.

[0035] S2 starts the large TBM1 and the small TBM2 at the same time. The main support shoe of the large TBM1 supports the large hole wall, and the auxiliary support shoe 205 of the small TBM2 supports the small hole wall. The large TBM1 excavates the main hole, and the small TBM2 excavates the deep buried drainage ditch at the bottom. During the excavation process, the jacking cylinder of the large TBM1 and the thrust cylinder 205 of the small TBM push forward, the large and small TBMs move forward, and the large cutter head 1-1 and the small cutter head 201 rotate and excavate.

[0036] During the S3 excavation process, the excavated soil and slag from the small TBM2 is transported to the slag collecting bucket 206 at the tail of the small TBM2 via the second slag discharging mechanism 20, and the slag in the slag collecting bucket 206 is lifted by the lifting conveyor 30 and transported to the main conveyor belt 6 of the first slag discharging mechanism 10; at the same time, the excavated soil and slag from the large TBM1 is transported to the main conveyor belt 6 via the front conveyor, and the excavated soil and slag from the small TBM2 and the large TBM1 are both transported to the outside of the tunnel by the main conveyor belt 6, and the joint and continuous slag discharging of the large and small TBMs is carried out continuously.

[0037] When S4 completes a stroke of excavation work, the large cutter head 1-1 of the large TBM1 and the small cutter head 201 of the small TBM2 stop rotating, the main support shoe of the large TBM1 is retracted, and the push cylinder of the large TBM1 retracts, driving the main support shoe and the rear supporting equipment to move forward. At the same time, the auxiliary support shoe 205 of the small TBM2 is retracted, and the push cylinder 203 of the small TBM2 drives the support shield 204 and the auxiliary support shoe 205 to move, completing the synchronous step change of the dual-machine TBM. A digging stroke of the double-circle TBM is completed. The support system 5 performs initial support during the excavation process, and the invert block 9 can be hoisted and installed at any time without affecting the excavation process.

[0038] S5 repeats steps S2 to S4 until the entire double-hole excavation is completed.

[0039] It should be pointed out that when the deep-buried drainage ditch needs to be excavated at a small angle, the connecting mechanism 3 is connected between the large TBM1 and the small TBM2 using the steering cylinder 207. The small TBM2 adjusts the excavation direction through the steering cylinder 207 and the thrust cylinder. At the same time, the lifting conveyor 30 uses a telescopic hoist to match the steering of the small TBM2 for smooth slag discharge.

[0040] Compared with the existing tunnel excavation methods, the above structure and method of the present invention can simultaneously excavate the main tunnel and the deep buried drainage ditch by using this dual-machine TBM, so that the tunnel excavation and secondary lining can be carried out simultaneously, thereby shortening the total construction period of the project and improving construction efficiency.

[0041] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "vertical", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside" and "outside" etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0042] In the description of the invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0043] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dual-machine TBM, characterized by: The invention comprises a large TBM (1) and a small TBM (2) arranged at the bottom of the large TBM (1). The large TBM (1) and the small TBM (2) excavate two tunnels, large and small, simultaneously. The small TBM (2) is connected to the large TBM (1) via a connecting mechanism (3). The large TBM (1) is provided with a first slag discharge mechanism (10), and the small TBM (2) is provided with a second slag discharge mechanism (20). The second slag discharge mechanism (20) is correspondingly connected to the first slag discharge mechanism (10) via a lifting conveyor (30) to form a common slag discharge system.

2. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slag collecting bucket (206) is provided at the tail of the small TBM (2), and a lower slag inlet of the lifting conveyor (30) is located in the slag collecting bucket (206).

3. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection mechanism (3) comprises a fixed connection rod, the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the main beam (4) of the large TBM (1) and the shield of the small TBM (2); the slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism (20) corresponds to the slag collecting bucket (206), and the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor (30) corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism (10); the lifting conveyor (30) is a bucket elevator, and the upper part of the bucket elevator is connected to the main beam (4) of the large TBM (1).

4. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 2, characterized in that: The connection mechanism (3) comprises at least two directional oil cylinders (207), the two ends of which are respectively hinged to the main beam (4) of the large TBM (1) and the shield of the small TBM (2); the lifting conveyor (30) is a telescopic lifting conveyor, the slag discharge end of the second slag discharge mechanism (20) corresponds to the slag collecting bucket (206), and the slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor (30) corresponds to the slag discharge part of the first slag discharge mechanism (10).

5. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting conveyor (30) comprises an upper shell (301), a lower shell (302) and a conveying chain (303); the upper shell (301) is hinged to the main beam (4) of the large TBM (1); the lower shell (302) is hinged to the slag collecting bucket (206); the upper shell (301) and the lower shell (302) are plug-connected and slidably matched; a chain adjustment mechanism matching the conveying chain (303) is provided in the upper shell (301) and / or the lower shell (302).

6. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 5, characterized in that: The chain adjustment mechanism comprises a telescopic adjustment cylinder (304) fixed in the upper shell (301) and / or the lower shell (302), and ear seats are provided at both ends of the telescopic adjustment cylinder (304), and sprockets (305) matching with the conveying chain (303) are rotatably provided on the ear seats.

7. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 6, characterized in that: A slide box bracket (306) is provided at the lower part of the main beam (4) of the large TBM (1), a guide rail (307) is provided on the slide box bracket (306), a slide block (308) is provided on the upper shell (301) and / or the lower shell (302), and the slide block (308) is slidably matched with the guide rail (307).

8. The dual-machine TBM according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The large TBM (1) comprises a large cutterhead (1-1), a large shield body (31) and a main beam (4); the main beam (4) is fixedly connected to the large shield body (31); the rear of the main beam (4) is connected to a rear matching unit (8); a first main drive for driving the large cutterhead (1-1) to rotate is arranged in the large shield body (31); a first slag discharge mechanism (10) is arranged on the main beam (4) and the rear matching unit (8); the first slag discharge mechanism (10) comprises a front conveyor arranged on the main beam (4) and corresponding to the large cutterhead (1-1) and a main machine belt conveyor (6) arranged on the rear matching unit (8); a slag discharge end of the lifting conveyor (30) corresponds to the main machine belt conveyor (6); and an inverted crane (7) is movably connected to the lower part of the main beam (4).

9. The dual-machine TBM according to claim 8, characterized in that: The small TBM (2) comprises a small cutterhead (201), a front shield (202) and a support shield (204); the small cutterhead (201) is connected to a second main drive (208) arranged in the front shield (202); the small cutterhead (201) is located below and behind the large shield body (31); and the excavation section of the small cutterhead (201) intersects with the excavation section of the large cutterhead (1-1); a propulsion mechanism is provided between the front shield (202) and the support shield (204). An oil cylinder (203), a secondary support shoe (205) is provided on the support shield (203), a slag collecting bucket (206) is provided at the rear of the support shield (203), and the second slag discharge mechanism (20) is a small belt conveyor (209), the front part of the small belt conveyor (209) is located in the front shield (202) and corresponds to the small knife disc (201), and the rear part of the small belt conveyor (209) is located in the support shield (203) and corresponds to the slag collecting bucket (206).

10. A dual-machine TBM construction method, characterized in that: The dual-machine TBM construction as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is carried out in the following steps: S1 places the two TBMs in the area to be excavated, with the large TBM (1) excavating the area ahead of the small TBM (2) excavating area; S2 starts the large TBM (1) and the small TBM (2) simultaneously, the main support shoe of the large TBM (1) supports the large hole wall, the auxiliary support shoe (205) of the small TBM (2) supports the small hole wall, the large TBM (1) excavates the main hole, and the small TBM (2) excavates the deep buried drainage ditch below simultaneously; During the S3 excavation process, the excavated soil and slag from the small TBM (2) is transported to the slag collecting bucket (206) at the rear of the small TBM (2) via the second slag discharging mechanism (20), and the soil and slag in the slag collecting bucket (206) is lifted by the lifting conveyor (30) and transported to the main machine belt conveyor (6) of the first slag discharging mechanism (10); at the same time, the excavated soil and slag from the large TBM (1) is transported to the main machine belt conveyor (6) via the front conveyor, and the excavated soil and slag from the small TBM (2) and the large TBM (1) are both transported to the outside of the tunnel by the main machine belt conveyor (6); When S4 completes a stroke of excavation work, the large cutterhead (1-1) of the large TBM (1) and the small cutterhead (201) of the small TBM (2) stop rotating, the main support shoe of the large TBM (1) is retracted, and the push cylinder of the large TBM (1) retracts, driving the main support shoe and the rear supporting parts to move forward. At the same time, the auxiliary support shoe (205) of the small TBM (2) is retracted, and the push cylinder (203) of the small TBM (2) drives the support shield (204) and the auxiliary support shoe (205) to move, completing the synchronous step change of the dual TBMs; S5 repeats steps S2 to S4 until the entire double-hole excavation is completed.

11. The dual-machine TBM construction method according to claim 10, characterized in that: When a deep-buried drainage ditch needs to be excavated with a small angle of rotation, the connection mechanism (3) is connected between the large TBM (1) and the small TBM (2) by means of a steering cylinder (207). The small TBM (2) adjusts the excavation direction by means of the steering cylinder (207). At the same time, the lifting conveyor (30) uses a telescopic lifting machine to match the steering of the small TBM (2) to achieve smooth slag discharge.

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