Cantilever tunneling device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of tunneling excavation. The invention discloses a cantilever tunneling device for controlling surrounding rock deformation, which comprises a tunneling cantilever mounted at the front end of a tunneling machine, a cutting drill bit mounted at one end, far away from the tunneling machine, of the tunneling cantilever, two longitudinal driving parts symmetrically mounted on two sides of the tunneling machine, and a longitudinal strip-shaped assembly seat detachably connected to the output end of each longitudinal driving part, a plurality of supporting type guiding mechanisms are installed between the two longitudinal strip-shaped assembling bases, a universal pipe inserting mechanism is connected between the two longitudinal strip-shaped assembling bases and located on the sides, away from the inner circumferential wall of a tunnel, of the supporting type guiding mechanisms, and an active guniting mechanism is installed on the supporting type guiding mechanism located at the foremost end of the heading machine. According to the method, the problems that the surrounding rock deforms unevenly and intrudes into the preliminary bracing limit when the cantilever tunneling machine is adopted to excavate the tunnel under the soft stratum condition are solved, the tunnel surrounding rock over-excavation and under-excavation are controlled, and normal construction of the tunnel preliminary bracing is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel excavation, and in particular relates to a cantilever excavation device for controlling deformation of surrounding rocks. Background Art

[0002] Since some areas are post-seismic tectonic zones, their strata and soil structures are loose, and the surrounding rock has poor self-stabilization ability. During tunnel excavation, there are high ground stress and large deformation of the surrounding rock. In addition, there are large areas of nature reserves in some excavation areas. In order to ensure the safety of tunnel construction and reduce the impact on the surface nature reserves, non-explosive excavation is usually used to build tunnels in this area.

[0003] The cantilever tunnel boring machine is a non-explosive excavation method. When the cantilever tunnel boring machine excavates the tunnel face in sections, the cutting head continuously cuts the face rock and soil through rotating cutting teeth to achieve the purpose of excavation. Therefore, it is impossible to excavate the entire face area at the same time, resulting in a time difference in the deformation of the surrounding rock in different sections. The surrounding rock in the first section excavation area loses the support of the surrounding rock and soil and begins to converge and deform, while the surrounding rock in the non-section excavation area is constrained by the surrounding rock and soil and has not yet deformed significantly. When the entire tunnel section is excavated, this results in some surrounding rocks at the tunnel face having already deformed to the limit, while some surrounding rocks have not yet deformed, and the convergence and deformation of the tunnel section after excavation is uneven. Although the convergence deformation of the surrounding rock can be predicted by predicting the deformation, the surrounding rock can be over-excavated in advance, and the surrounding rock can meet the design section requirements after the convergence deformation after waiting for the excavation of the entire face to be completed, the predicted deformation is affected by geological conditions, geotechnical parameters and construction time. It is difficult to make a good prediction under actual conditions. If the excavation is blindly expanded outward, it may lead to difficulties in controlling the over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel surrounding rock, increase the consumption of shotcrete, and the gains will not outweigh the losses. If the over-excavation is not predicted, the convergence deformation of the surrounding rock will affect the positioning and installation of the subsequent initial support steel arch frame, and ultimately lead to the deterioration of the long-term service performance of the tunnel structure. According to the initial support deformation of the constructed tunnel in this stratum, the horizontal displacement deformation of the tunnel side wall is greater than the vertical settlement deformation of the tunnel arch, and the deformation from the arch foot to the arch waist of the tunnel upper step excavation is more serious. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a cantilever tunneling device for controlling surrounding rock deformation, which is used to solve the problems of uneven surrounding rock deformation and intrusion into initial support limits when a cantilever tunneling machine is used to excavate a tunnel under soft strata conditions, control over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel surrounding rock, and ensure normal construction of the initial support of the tunnel.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A cantilever tunneling device for controlling deformation of surrounding rock comprises a tunneling cantilever installed at the front end of a tunneling machine, a cutting drill bit is installed at the end of the tunneling cantilever away from the tunneling machine, two longitudinal driving members are symmetrically installed on both sides of the tunneling machine, a longitudinal strip assembly seat is detachably connected to the output end of each of the longitudinal driving members, a plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are installed at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel between the two longitudinal strip assembly seats, the plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are all located at the front end of the tunneling machine, a universal pipe insertion mechanism is slidably connected between the two longitudinal strip assembly seats, the universal pipe insertion mechanism is located on the side of the supporting guide mechanism away from the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel, an active grouting mechanism is installed on the supporting guide mechanism located at the front end of the tunneling machine, and a multi-section grouting pipe is inserted into the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel through the supporting guide mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the longitudinal strip assembly seat includes a longitudinal strip seat body at one end of which is detachably connected to the longitudinal driving member through a fixed seat body, and a longitudinal guide rail is constructed on the longitudinal strip seat body, and the two ends of the longitudinal guide rail respectively extend to the two ends of the longitudinal strip seat body, and a plurality of strip holes are spaced apart on the longitudinal strip seat body along its extension direction, and each of the strip holes extends along the length direction of the longitudinal strip seat body, and the two sides of each supporting guide mechanism are respectively assembled on the longitudinal guide rails of the two longitudinal strip assembly seats, and the lower end of the universal insertion mechanism is slidably connected to the two longitudinal strip seat bodies.

[0007] Furthermore, the supporting guide mechanism includes an arched assembly part and two adapter parts, and the arched assembly part has the same arc shape as the inner wall of the tunnel. The two adapter parts are respectively installed at both ends of the arched assembly part, and a sliding block is constructed on each of the adapter parts. Fixing holes are spaced apart along the length direction of the sliding block. The sliding block is slidably assembled on the corresponding longitudinal guide rail, and the fastening bolts pass through the corresponding strip holes and the fixing holes and fasten the longitudinal strip seat and the sliding block.

[0008] Furthermore, the arched assembly portion includes an arched plate, on which a plurality of first joint bowl buckles are spaced apart along the arc-shaped extension direction thereof, a first joint ball is movably assembled in each of the first joint bowl buckles, and a guide channel is provided in each of the first joint balls, which passes through the first joint ball in a radial direction thereof.

[0009] Furthermore, two adjacent arched plates in the plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are connected via an elastic telescopic supporting member, the bending shape of the elastic telescopic supporting member is the same as that of the arched plate, and the cross-section of the elastic telescopic supporting member is wavy.

[0010] Furthermore, the active spraying mechanism includes a first arc-shaped guide rail whose two ends are connected to the supporting guide mechanism through adapter plates, a first sliding seat is slidably mounted on the first arc-shaped guide rail, a spraying assembly is mounted on the first sliding seat, and a transmission assembly is constructed between the first sliding seat and the first arc-shaped guide rail.

[0011] Furthermore, the spraying assembly includes two second joint bowl buckles constructed on the first sliding seat at intervals along the width direction of the first sliding seat, and the two spraying pipes pass through the first sliding seat respectively through the two second joint bowl buckles, and a second joint ball is constructed on each spraying pipe, and the second joint ball is movably assembled in the second joint bowl buckle, and a spraying head is installed on the upper end of the spraying pipe, and the lower ends of the two spraying pipes are connected by a spraying hose, and a spraying joint pipe is constructed on the spraying hose.

[0012] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a driving motor installed on the first sliding seat, and a driving gear is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the driving motor. The driving gear is meshed with an arc-shaped rack. The shape of the arc-shaped rack is the same as that of the first arc-shaped guide rail. One end of the connecting screw is fixedly connected to the first arc-shaped guide rail, and the other end of the connecting screw passes through the arc-shaped rack. Two locking nuts are threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and the two locking nuts are tightened on both ends of the arc-shaped rack.

[0013] Furthermore, the universal pipe insertion mechanism includes a second arc guide rail, a hydraulic cylinder and two adapter seats. The second arc guide rail is arranged on the side of the supporting guide mechanism away from the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel, and the second arc guide rail has the same arc shape as the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel. The two adapter seats are constructed at both ends of the second arc guide rail, and a guide block slidably connected to the longitudinal strip assembly seat is constructed on each adapter seat. A second sliding seat is slidably installed on the second arc guide rail, and a bowl-shaped seat is installed on the second sliding seat. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the second arc guide rail and the supporting guide mechanism, and the end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the bowl-shaped seat through a connecting ball joint. An assembly joint is constructed at the end of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and an assembly groove is constructed on the assembly joint, and one end of the multi-section grouting pipe is assembled in the assembly groove.

[0014] Furthermore, the multi-section grouting pipe includes an end pipe and a multi-section assembly pipe, an insertion tip is constructed at one end of the end pipe, and a first assembly port is constructed at the other end of the end pipe, the inner cavity of the end pipe is the first grouting channel, and a plurality of first grouting holes connected to the first grouting channel are opened on the peripheral wall of the end pipe; a connecting joint and a second assembly port are respectively constructed at both ends of each of the assembly pipes, the connecting joints of two adjacent assembly pipes are threadedly connected to the corresponding second assembly port, the first assembly port of the end pipe is threadedly connected to the connecting joint of the adjacent assembly pipe, the inner cavity of the assembly pipe is the second grouting channel, and a plurality of second grouting holes connected to the second grouting channel are opened on the peripheral wall of the assembly pipe, and the first grouting channel is connected to each second grouting channel.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above structure, the technical progress achieved by the present invention compared with the prior art is that: when the present invention is excavating the tunnel, the longitudinal driving member is controlled to pull the longitudinal strip assembly seat, and the supporting guide mechanism, the universal pipe insertion mechanism and the active grouting mechanism are moved close to the tunnel boring machine, and the tunnel boring cantilever and the cutting drill bit are extended forward. In this way, in the process of controlling the tunnel boring cantilever to drive the cutting drill bit to cut the rock mass, other components are prevented from blocking the movement of the tunnel boring cantilever and the cutting drill bit. After a certain distance of excavation, the longitudinal driving member is controlled to drive the longitudinal strip assembly seat to move forward. During this process, a mortar pump is used to pressurize the mortar into the active spraying mechanism, and the active spraying mechanism is controlled to spray the mortar on the inner wall of the tunnel. After the mortar on the inner wall of the tunnel hardens, a hard shell is formed on the inner wall of the tunnel. After that, the universal insertion mechanism is controlled to insert one or more multi-section grouting pipes through the supporting guide mechanism through the hard shell into the loose part of the stratum rock and soil structure, and according to the specific situation, when the multi-section grouting pipe is inserted, the insertion angle and depth of the multi-section grouting pipe are adjusted to ensure that in the subsequent grouting process, the mortar can fully fill the loose part of the stratum rock and soil structure, and under the restriction of the hard shell of the inner wall of the tunnel, the mortar seepage is avoided; and during the grouting process, the supporting guide mechanism supports the hard shell to avoid the separation from the inner wall of the tunnel due to the expansion of the mortar. When the grouting is completed, the multi-section grouting pipe is pulled out, and the mortar gradually solidifies in the stratum rock and soil structure, and the mortar close to the hard shell solidifies and becomes one with the hard shell, which improves the structural strength of the stratum rock and soil in the area and the connection strength between the hard shell and the inner wall of the tunnel. In summary, the present invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven deformation of the surrounding rock and intrusion into the initial support limit when the cantilever tunnel boring machine is used to excavate the tunnel under soft strata conditions, controls the over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel surrounding rock, and ensures the normal construction of the initial support of the tunnel. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0017] In the attached picture: Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another angle of an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection of the longitudinal strip assembly seat, the supporting guide mechanism, the universal pipe insertion mechanism and the active spraying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a longitudinal strip assembly seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the connection between the supporting guide mechanism and the longitudinal strip assembly seat according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of a supporting guide mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an elastic telescopic supporting member according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic structural diagram of an active spraying mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the active spraying mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention from another angle; Fig.10 This is a schematic structural diagram of a universal intubation mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.11 This is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-section grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.12 This is an axial structural cross-sectional view of a multi-section grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the end pipe in the multi-section grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention; Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the assembly pipe in the multi-section grouting pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Labeled parts: 100-excavation boom, 200-cutting drill bit, 300-longitudinal drive member, 400-longitudinal strip assembly seat, 401-longitudinal strip seat body, 402-longitudinal guide rail, 403-strip hole, 404-fixed seat body, 500-support guide mechanism, 501-arch assembly part, 502-adapter, 503-sliding block, 504-fixing hole, 505-first joint bowl buckle, 506-first joint ball, 507-guide channel, 600-elastic telescopic support member, 700-active spraying mechanism, 701-first sliding seat, 702-second joint bowl buckle, 703-spraying pipe, 704-spraying head, 705-second joint ball, 706-spraying hose, 707-spraying joint pipe, 708-first arc shaped guide rail, 709-adapter plate, 710-drive motor, 711-active gear, 712-arc rack, 713-connecting screw, 714-locking nut, 800-universal insertion mechanism, 801-second arc-shaped guide rail, 802-adapter seat, 803-guide block, 804-second sliding seat, 805-bowl seat, 806-hydraulic cylinder, 807-connecting ball joint, 808-assembly joint, 809-assembly groove, 900-multi-section grouting pipe, 901-end pipe, 902-insertion tip, 903-first grouting channel, 904-first grouting hole, 905-first assembly port, 906-assembly pipe, 907-second grouting channel, 908-second grouting hole, 909-connecting joint, 910-second assembly port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0020] The present invention discloses a cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation, such as Figure 1-14As shown, it includes a tunnel boring machine, a tunnel boring boom 100, a cutting drill bit 200, a universal cannulation mechanism 800, an active grouting mechanism 700, two longitudinal driving members 300, two longitudinal strip assembly seats 400 and a plurality of supporting guide mechanisms 500. Among them, the tunnel boring boom 100 is installed at the front end of the tunnel boring machine, the cutting drill bit 200 is installed at the end of the tunnel boring boom 100 away from the tunnel boring machine, the two longitudinal driving members 300 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the tunnel boring machine, the two longitudinal strip assembly seats 400 are detachably connected to the output ends of the two longitudinal driving members 300, and the longitudinal driving members 300 are generally hydraulic cylinders 806. The above-mentioned plurality of supporting guide mechanisms 500 are installed between the two longitudinal strip assembly seats 400, and these supporting guide mechanisms 500 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel, and these supporting guide mechanisms 500 are all located at the front end of the tunnel boring machine. The universal pipe insertion mechanism 800 of the present invention is slidably connected between two longitudinal strip assembly seats 400, and the universal pipe insertion mechanism 800 is located on the side of the supporting guide mechanism 500 away from the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel, and the supporting guide mechanism 500 located at the front end of the tunnel boring machine is connected with the active shotcrete mechanism 700. The working principle and advantages of the present invention are: when the present invention excavates the tunnel, the longitudinal driving member 300 is controlled to pull the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400, and the supporting guide mechanism 500, the universal pipe insertion mechanism 800 and the active shotcrete mechanism 700 are moved close to the tunnel boring machine, and the excavation boom 100 and the cutting drill bit 200 are extended forward. In this way, in the process of controlling the excavation boom 100 to drive the cutting drill bit 200 to cut the rock mass, other components are prevented from blocking the movement of the excavation boom 100 and the cutting drill bit 200. After a certain distance of excavation, the longitudinal driving member 300 is controlled to drive the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 to move forward. During this process, a mortar pump is used to pressurize the mortar into the active spraying mechanism 700, and the active spraying mechanism 700 is controlled to spray the mortar on the inner wall of the tunnel. After the mortar on the inner wall of the tunnel hardens, a hard shell is formed on the inner wall of the tunnel. After that, the universal pipe insertion mechanism 800 is controlled to insert one or more multi-section grouting pipes 900 through the supporting guide machine. The structure 500 is inserted into the loose parts of the stratum rock and soil structure through this layer of hard shell, and according to the specific situation, when the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is inserted, the insertion angle and depth of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 are adjusted to ensure that in the subsequent grouting process, the mortar can fully fill the loose parts of the stratum rock and soil structure, and under the restriction of the hard shell of the inner wall of the tunnel, the mortar seepage is avoided; and in the grouting process, the supporting guide mechanism 500 supports the hard shell to avoid separation from the inner wall of the tunnel due to the expansion of the mortar.When the grouting is completed, the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is pulled out, and the mortar gradually solidifies in the stratum rock and soil structure, and the mortar close to the hard shell solidifies and becomes one with the hard shell, while improving the structural strength of the stratum rock and soil in the area, and improving the connection strength between the hard shell and the inner wall of the tunnel. In summary, the present invention can effectively solve the problem of uneven deformation of the surrounding rock and intrusion into the initial support limit when the cantilever tunnel boring machine is used to excavate the tunnel under soft strata conditions, control the over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel surrounding rock, and ensure the normal construction of the initial support of the tunnel.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 As shown, the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 comprises a longitudinal strip seat body 401, one end of which is configured with a fixed seat body 404, and the fixed seat body 404 is detachably connected with one end of the longitudinal drive member 300. A longitudinal guide rail 402 is configured on the longitudinal strip seat body 401, and the two ends of the longitudinal guide rail 402 extend to the two ends of the longitudinal strip seat body 401 respectively, and a plurality of strip holes 403 are spaced apart along its extension direction on the longitudinal strip seat body 401, and each strip hole 403 extends along the length direction of the longitudinal strip seat body 401. The two sides of each supporting guide mechanism 500 of the present embodiment are respectively assembled on the longitudinal guide rails 402 of two longitudinal strip assembly seats 400, and the lower end of the universal intubation mechanism 800 is slidably connected with the two longitudinal strip seat bodies 401. In the present embodiment, the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 is used as a connecting component to connect the longitudinal drive member 300 with the supporting guide mechanism 500.

[0022] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 , 6As shown, the supporting guide mechanism 500 includes an arched assembly part 501 and two adapter parts 502, which are respectively installed at both ends of the arched assembly part 501, and the arched assembly part 501 has the same arc shape as the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel. A sliding block 503 is constructed on each adapter part 502, and fixing holes 504 are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the sliding block 503. Each sliding block 503 is slidably assembled on the corresponding longitudinal guide rail 402, and the fastening bolts pass through the corresponding strip holes 403 and the fixing holes 504, and the fastening bolts fasten the longitudinal strip seat 401 and the sliding block 503 together. The specific structure of the arch assembly part 501 of this embodiment is that the arch assembly part 501 includes an arch plate, on which a plurality of first joint bowl buckles 505 are spaced apart along the arc extension direction thereof, a first joint ball 506 is movably assembled in each first joint bowl buckle 505, and a guide channel 507 is provided in each first joint ball 506, and the guide channel 507 penetrates the first joint ball 506 along the radial direction of the first joint ball 506, thereby achieving the purpose of penetrating the arch plate. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are that this embodiment can adjust the distance between adjacent supporting guide mechanisms 500 according to the requirements of the grouting interval in the stratum rock and soil structure, that is, loosen the fastening bolts, and then adjust the position of the supporting guide mechanism 500 along the length direction of the longitudinal strip seat body 401 to achieve the spacing adjustment between the supporting guide mechanisms 500, and after completion, tighten the fastening bolts. Then, multiple multi-section grouting pipes 900 are respectively inserted into multiple supporting guide mechanisms 500, and there is at least one multi-section grouting pipe 900 in each supporting guide mechanism 500. Moreover, the insertion angle of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 can be changed according to demand, that is, the first joint ball 506 is deflected at a certain angle in the first joint bowl buckle 505, so that the guide channel 507 is deflected at a corresponding angle, and then the end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is extended into the guide channel 507, and the universal insertion mechanism 800 is controlled to tilt and press the multi-section grouting pipe 900, so that the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is gradually inserted into the stratum rock and soil structure according to a predetermined angle, so that the grouting range of one or more multi-section grouting pipes 900 inserted into the stratum rock and soil structure can cover the entire grouting area to be grouted, ensuring the strength and stability of the surrounding rock.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 , 7As shown, among the above-mentioned multiple supporting guide mechanisms 500, an elastic telescopic support member 600 is arranged between two adjacent supporting guide mechanisms 500, and the two sides of the elastic telescopic support member 600 are respectively connected and fixed to the corresponding two arch plates. The bending shape of the elastic telescopic support member 600 is the same as the bending shape of the arch plate, and the cross-section of the elastic telescopic support member 600 is a wavy shape. In the process of adjusting the spacing between the two supporting guide mechanisms 500 of this embodiment, the elastic telescopic support member 600 will expand and contract accordingly. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are: in the process of grouting the stratum rock and soil structure of this embodiment, the arch plate and the elastic telescopic support member 600 are supported on the above-mentioned hard shell, thereby avoiding the situation in which the concrete injected into the stratum rock and soil structure expands the hard shell and causes the hard shell to detach from the inner wall of the tunnel.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 , 9 As shown, the active spraying mechanism 700 includes a first arc-shaped guide rail 708, a first sliding seat 701, a spraying assembly and a transmission assembly. Adapter plates 709 are respectively constructed at both ends of the first arc-shaped guide rail 708, and the two adapter plates 709 are respectively connected to the supporting guide mechanism 500, the first sliding seat 701 is slidably assembled on the first arc-shaped guide rail 708, the spraying assembly is assembled on the first sliding seat 701, and the transmission assembly is constructed between the first sliding seat 701 and the first arc-shaped guide rail 708. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: this embodiment controls the movement of the transmission component to drive the first sliding seat 701 to reciprocate along the guide of the first curved guide rail 708, thereby enabling the first sliding seat 701 to drive the spraying component to move synchronously, and at the same time pump mortar into the spraying component. The mortar is evenly sprayed on the inner wall of the tunnel by the spraying component, and under the drive of the longitudinal drive member 300, the purpose of continuous spraying of mortar by the spraying component is achieved to avoid leakage. This embodiment can also adopt a step-by-step spraying method, that is, the longitudinal driving member 300 is controlled to drive the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 to move a certain distance, and the active spraying mechanism 700 is displaced a corresponding distance, and then the active spraying mechanism 700 is controlled to reciprocately spray the inner wall of the tunnel. After spraying this area of ​​the tunnel, the longitudinal driving member 300 is controlled to continue to drive the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 to move a certain distance, so as to realize the active spraying mechanism 700 to spray the next spraying area of ​​the inner wall of the tunnel. Although this method has a lower efficiency, the spraying effect is greatly improved.

[0025] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8As shown, the spray assembly includes two second joint bowl buckles 702 and two spray pipes 703, and the two second joint bowl buckles 702 are spaced apart on the first sliding seat 701 along the width direction of the first sliding seat 701. The two spray pipes 703 of this embodiment pass through the first sliding seat 701 through the two second joint bowl buckles 702 respectively, and a second joint ball 705 is constructed on each spray pipe 703, and the second joint ball 705 is movably assembled in the second joint bowl buckle 702. In this embodiment, a spray head 704 is installed at the upper end of the spray pipe 703, and the lower ends of the two spray pipes 703 are respectively connected to the two ends of the spray hose 706, and a spray joint pipe 707 is constructed on the spray hose 706, and the outlet end of the mortar pump is connected to the spray joint pipe 707 through a pipeline. The spraying pipe 703 of this embodiment is movably connected to the first sliding seat 701 by a joint connection, so that the spraying angle of the spraying pipe 703 can be adjusted during the spraying process, the purpose of which is to avoid the occurrence of dead angles in spraying and ensure the comprehensiveness of spraying.

[0026] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 9 As shown, the transmission assembly includes a driving motor 710, a driving gear 711 and an arc-shaped rack 712. The driving motor 710 is mounted on the first sliding seat 701, and the driving gear 711 is coaxially mounted on the output shaft of the driving motor 710. The driving gear 711 is meshed with the arc-shaped rack 712. The arc-shaped rack 712 is taken from half of the outer gear ring, and the shape of the arc-shaped rack 712 is the same as that of the first arc-shaped guide rail 708. The arc-shaped rack 712 of this embodiment is connected and fixed to the first arc-shaped guide rail 708 through a plurality of connecting screws 713. One end of each connecting screw 713 is fixedly connected to the first arc-shaped guide rail 708, and the other end of the connecting screw 713 passes through the arc-shaped rack 712. Two locking nuts 714 are threadedly connected to the connecting screw 713, and the two locking nuts 714 are screwed on both ends of the arc-shaped rack 712. The working principle and advantages of this embodiment are as follows: this embodiment controls the driving motor 710 to alternately drive the driving gear 711 to rotate in the forward and reverse directions, so that the first sliding seat 701 reciprocates on the first arc-shaped guide rail 708. In this way, the first sliding seat 701 drives the spraying assembly thereon to move synchronously, thereby achieving the purpose of reciprocating spraying of the inner wall of the tunnel by the spraying assembly.

[0027] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Fig.10As shown, the universal cannulation mechanism 800 includes a second arc-shaped guide rail 801, a second sliding seat 804, a hydraulic cylinder 806 and two adapter seats 802, wherein the hydraulic cylinder 806 is arranged between the second arc-shaped guide rail 801 and the supporting guide mechanism 500. The two adapter seats 802 are respectively constructed at the two ends of the second arc-shaped guide rail 801, and the second arc-shaped guide rail 801 is arranged on the side of the supporting guide mechanism 500 away from the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel, and the arc shape of the second arc-shaped guide rail 801 is the same as that of the inner peripheral wall of the tunnel. A guide block 803 is constructed on each adapter seat 802, and the guide block 803 is slidably connected to the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400. The second sliding seat 804 of this embodiment is slidably installed on the second arc guide rail 801, and a bowl-shaped seat 805 is installed on the second sliding seat 804. The end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder 806 is movably connected to the bowl-shaped seat 805 through a connecting ball joint 807. An assembly joint 808 is constructed at the end of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder 806, and an assembly groove 809 is constructed on the assembly joint 808. One end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is assembled in the assembly groove 809. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are: this embodiment can adjust the position of the universal pipe insertion mechanism 800 on the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400 according to the different positions of inserting the multi-section grouting pipe 900, so that it corresponds to the position of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 to be inserted, and then adjust the position of the second sliding seat 804 on the second arc guide rail 801, and then adjust the angle between the hydraulic cylinder 806 and the second sliding seat 804, and assemble one end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 in the assembly groove 809, and the other end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 extends into the corresponding guide channel 507 of the first joint ball 506, and drives the hydraulic cylinder 806 to operate, so that the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is gradually inserted into the stratum and soil structure of the tunnel at a predetermined angle. In order to avoid the multi-section grouting pipe 900 from deviating from the predetermined angle during the insertion process, the present embodiment can be manually assisted in correction during the early insertion of the multi-section grouting pipe 900. After a certain distance of insertion, the stratum rock and soil restricts the insertion end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900, thereby removing the manual assistance measures and directly controlling the hydraulic cylinder 806 to insert the remaining part of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 into the stratum rock and soil structure. In the present embodiment, since the insertion force of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is not particularly large, during the insertion process, the second arc guide rail 801 and the hydraulic cylinder 806 can be manually supported to avoid the relative movement between the second arc guide rail 801 and the longitudinal strip assembly seat 400, and to avoid the relative movement between the second sliding seat 804 and the second arc guide rail 801.

[0028] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 11-14As shown, the multi-section grouting pipe 900 includes an end pipe 901 and a multi-section assembly pipe 906. An insertion tip 902 is configured at one end of the end pipe 901, and a first assembly port 905 is configured at the other end of the end pipe 901. The inner cavity of the end pipe 901 is a first grouting channel 903. A plurality of first grouting holes 904 are opened on the peripheral wall of the end pipe 901, and these first grouting holes 904 are all connected to the first grouting channel 903. In this embodiment, a connecting joint 909 and a second assembly port 910 are respectively configured at both ends of each assembly pipe 906. The connecting joints 909 of two adjacent assembly pipes 906 are threadedly connected to the corresponding second assembly port 910. The first assembly port 905 of the end pipe 901 is threadedly connected to the connecting joint 909 of the adjacent assembly pipe 906. The inner cavity of the assembly pipe 906 is a second grouting channel 907. A plurality of second grouting holes 908 are provided on the peripheral wall of the assembly pipe 906, and the second grouting holes 908 are all connected to the second grouting channels 907, and the first grouting channels 903 are connected to each second grouting channel 907. The working principle and advantage of this embodiment are that since the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is relatively long, when the multi-section grouting pipe 900 is inserted as a whole using the universal pipe insertion mechanism 800, the entire operation process is limited by space and the pipe insertion operation cannot be completed. Then, first assemble an appropriate number of assembly pipes 906 together, then connect the end pipe 901 to the assembly pipe 906 at the end, and then use the universal insertion mechanism 800 to insert the assembled part of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 into the inner wall of the tunnel. After the insertion is completed, assemble the remaining part of the assembly pipe 906 together and connect it with the inserted part, and then use the universal insertion mechanism 800 to insert it into the inner wall of the tunnel; after completion, connect the end of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 to the grouting pump, and the grouting pump injects concrete into the stratum rock and soil structure through the multi-section grouting pipe 900. This embodiment adjusts the length of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 by increasing or decreasing the number of assembly pipes 906, thereby realizing the insertion of the multi-section grouting pipe 900 into different depths of the stratum rock and soil structure, and achieving the purpose of adjusting the grouting depth.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation, comprising an excavation cantilever installed at the front end of a tunnel boring machine, a cutting drill bit installed at the end of the excavation cantilever away from the tunnel boring machine, characterized in that: Two longitudinal driving members are symmetrically installed on both sides of the tunnel boring machine, and a longitudinal strip assembly seat is detachably connected to the output end of each longitudinal driving member. A plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are installed at intervals along the length direction of the tunnel between the two longitudinal strip assembly seats. The plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are all located at the front end of the tunnel boring machine. A universal pipe insertion mechanism is slidably connected between the two longitudinal strip assembly seats. The universal pipe insertion mechanism is located on the side of the supporting guide mechanism away from the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel. An active grouting mechanism is installed on the supporting guide mechanism located at the front end of the tunnel boring machine, and a multi-section grouting pipe is inserted into the inner circumferential wall of the tunnel through the supporting guide mechanism.

2. A cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The longitudinal strip assembly seat includes a longitudinal strip seat body, one end of which is detachably connected to the longitudinal driving member through a fixed seat body, and a longitudinal guide rail is constructed on the longitudinal strip seat body, and the two ends of the longitudinal guide rail respectively extend to the two ends of the longitudinal strip seat body, and a plurality of strip holes are spaced apart along the extension direction of the longitudinal strip seat body, and each of the strip holes extends along the length direction of the longitudinal strip seat body, and the two sides of each supporting guide mechanism are respectively assembled on the longitudinal guide rails of the two longitudinal strip assembly seats, and the lower end of the universal insertion mechanism is slidably connected to the two longitudinal strip seat bodies.

3. A cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The supporting guide mechanism includes an arched assembly part and two transition parts, and the arched assembly part has the same arc shape as the inner wall of the tunnel. The two transition parts are respectively installed at the two ends of the arched assembly part. A sliding block is constructed on each of the transition parts. Fixing holes are spaced apart along the length direction of the sliding block. The sliding block is slidably assembled on the corresponding longitudinal guide rail, and the fastening bolts pass through the corresponding strip holes and the fixing holes and fasten the longitudinal strip seat and the sliding block.

4. A cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 3, characterized in that: The arched assembly portion includes an arched plate, on which a plurality of first joint bowl buckles are spaced apart along the arc-shaped extension direction thereof, a first joint ball is movably assembled in each of the first joint bowl buckles, and a guide channel is provided in each of the first joint balls, penetrating the first joint ball in a radial direction thereof.

5. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 4, characterized in that: Two adjacent arched plates in the plurality of supporting guide mechanisms are connected via an elastic telescopic supporting member, the bending shape of the elastic telescopic supporting member is the same as that of the arched plate, and the cross section of the elastic telescopic supporting member is wavy.

6. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active spraying mechanism includes a first arc-shaped guide rail whose two ends are connected to the supporting guide mechanism through adapter plates, a first sliding seat is slidably mounted on the first arc-shaped guide rail, a spraying assembly is mounted on the first sliding seat, and a transmission assembly is constructed between the first sliding seat and the first arc-shaped guide rail.

7. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spray assembly includes two second joint bowl buckles constructed on the first sliding seat at intervals along the width direction of the first sliding seat. The two spray pipes pass through the first sliding seat respectively through the two second joint bowl buckles. A second joint ball is constructed on each spray pipe. The second joint ball is movably assembled in the second joint bowl buckle. A spray head is installed on the upper end of the spray pipe. The lower ends of the two spray pipes are connected by a spray hose, and a spray joint pipe is constructed on the spray hose.

8. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The transmission assembly includes a driving motor installed on a first sliding seat, a driving gear is coaxially installed on the output shaft of the driving motor, the driving gear is meshed with an arc-shaped rack, the shape of the arc-shaped rack is the same as that of the first arc-shaped guide rail, one end of the connecting screw is fixedly connected to the first arc-shaped guide rail, the other end of the connecting screw passes through the arc-shaped rack, two locking nuts are threadedly connected to the connecting screw, and the two locking nuts are tightened on both ends of the arc-shaped rack.

9. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The universal pipe insertion mechanism includes a second arc guide rail, a hydraulic cylinder and two adapter seats. The second arc guide rail is arranged on the side of the supporting guide mechanism away from the inner wall of the tunnel, and the second arc guide rail has the same arc shape as the inner wall of the tunnel. The two adapter seats are constructed at both ends of the second arc guide rail, and a guide block slidably connected to the longitudinal strip assembly seat is constructed on each adapter seat. A second sliding seat is slidably installed on the second arc guide rail, and a bowl-shaped seat is installed on the second sliding seat. The hydraulic cylinder is arranged between the second arc guide rail and the supporting guide mechanism. The end of the cylinder body of the hydraulic cylinder is movably connected to the bowl-shaped seat through a connecting ball joint. An assembly joint is constructed at the end of the cylinder rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and an assembly groove is constructed on the assembly joint. One end of the multi-section grouting pipe is assembled in the assembly groove.

10. The cantilever excavation device for controlling surrounding rock deformation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-section grouting pipe includes a terminal pipe and a multi-section assembly pipe, an insertion tip is constructed at one end of the terminal pipe, a first assembly port is constructed at the other end of the terminal pipe, the inner cavity of the terminal pipe is the first grouting channel, and a plurality of first grouting holes connected to the first grouting channel are opened on the peripheral wall of the terminal pipe; a connecting joint and a second assembly port are respectively constructed at both ends of each of the assembly pipes, the connecting joints of two adjacent assembly pipes are threadedly connected to the corresponding second assembly port, the first assembly port of the terminal pipe is threadedly connected to the connecting joint of the adjacent assembly pipe, the inner cavity of the assembly pipe is the second grouting channel, a plurality of second grouting holes connected to the second grouting channel are opened on the peripheral wall of the assembly pipe, and the first grouting channel is connected to each second grouting channel.

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