Impeller and fan

Abstract

The impeller comprises a hub, a rear cover plate and a plurality of blades, the hub is coaxially arranged on the rear cover plate, and the blades are evenly distributed on the rear cover plate around the axis of the hub; the front ends of the blades are close to the axis of the hub, the rear ends of the blades are far away from the axis of the hub, the rear half sections of the blades are provided with flow guide wings, and the flow guide wings incline downwards in the rotating direction of the impeller. According to the embodiment of the invention, the inclined flow guide wings are arranged on the blades, so that when the impeller rotates for air intake, an inclined outward resistance is generated to air sucked into the impeller, meanwhile, the air forms a counter-acting force opposite to the resistance to the flow guide wings, and the counter-acting forces of all the flow guide wings are superposed to form a force capable of pushing the impeller inwards in the axial direction of the impeller; therefore, the effect of reducing or offsetting the axial force on the motor main shaft is achieved, the abrasion of the ceramic bearing is reduced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fan equipment, and in particular to an impeller and a fan. Background Art

[0002] A centrifugal fan is a machine that relies on input mechanical energy to increase gas pressure and discharge gas. It is a driven fluid machine. Centrifugal fans are widely used in ventilation, dust removal and cooling of factories, mines, tunnels, cooling towers, vehicles, ships and buildings; ventilation and air intake of boilers and industrial furnaces; cooling and ventilation in air conditioning equipment and household appliances; drying and selection of grains; wind tunnel wind source and inflation and propulsion of hovercraft, etc.

[0003] The main parts of a centrifugal fan include a volute, an impeller and a motor. When the impeller rotates at high speed to take in air, the air inlet will generate a reaction force opposite to the direction of the air inlet. This reaction force will generate an outward force on the motor shaft, namely, an axial force. This axial force will be transmitted to the bearing through the main shaft, causing bearing wear and reducing its service life.

[0004] Air-suspended centrifugal fans and magnetically suspended centrifugal fans in the prior art generally require thrust bearings to balance the axial force generated by the impeller. However, for some high-speed centrifugal fans, since the ceramic bearings they use are not compatible with the thrust bearings, the axial force generated by the impeller will be directly transmitted to the ceramic bearings through the motor main shaft, causing the ceramic bearings to wear faster and their service life to be reduced. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an impeller and a fan for solving the problem that some high-speed centrifugal fans in the prior art cannot well balance the axial force generated by the impeller, which easily leads to accelerated wear of ceramic bearings and reduced service life.

[0006] To achieve one or part or all of the above purposes or other purposes, the present invention proposes: an impeller, comprising: a hub, a rear cover plate and a plurality of blades, wherein the hub is coaxially arranged on the rear cover plate, and the plurality of blades are evenly distributed on the rear cover plate around the axis of the hub;

[0007] The front end of the blade is close to the axis of the hub and flush with the circumference of the rear cover plate, the rear end of the blade is away from the axis of the hub, and the rear half of the blade is provided with a guide wing, which is inclined downward toward the rotation direction of the impeller.

[0008] Preferably, the guide wing is arranged on the outer edge of the blade, and the height from the rear side of the guide wing to the root of the blade is 1 mm higher than the height from the front side of the guide wing to the root of the blade.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of guide grooves are distributed on the guide wing, the depth of the guide grooves is 5 mm, and the direction of the guide grooves is the same as the rotation direction of the impeller.

[0010] Preferably, the top wall of the guide wing is a plane, the angle between the guide wing and the blade is 80°-89°, the two side edges of the guide wing extend out of the two side walls of the blade respectively, and the width from the front side edge of the guide wing to the front side wall of the blade is greater than or equal to the width from the rear side edge of the guide wing to the rear side wall of the blade.

[0011] Preferably, the guide vane comprises a front plate and a rear plate, the front side edge of the front plate extends out of the front side wall of the blade in the rotation direction of the impeller, and the rear side edge of the rear plate is flush with the rear side wall of the blade.

[0012] Preferably, the angle between the front plate and the blade is 80°-89°, and the angle between the rear plate and the blade is 6° smaller than the angle between the front plate and the blade.

[0013] Preferably, the rear side wall of the guide wing is integrally connected to the front side wall of the blade, and the bottom wall of the guide wing is integrally connected to the rear cover plate.

[0014] Preferably, the top surface of the guide wing is an arc-shaped surface, the thickness of the guide wing gradually decreases from the rear side wall to the front, and the width of the guide wing gradually increases from the front end of the blade to the rear.

[0015] Preferably, the rear side wall of the rear cover plate is in the shape of a concave curved surface.

[0016] The present invention also proposes a fan, including a volute, a drive motor, a flange and the impeller, wherein the impeller is rotatably arranged in the volute, the flange is arranged on the back of the volute, the drive motor is connected to the flange, and the output shaft of the drive motor passes through the flange and is rotatably connected to the hub.

[0017] Implementing the embodiments of the present invention will have the following beneficial effects:

[0018] After adopting the above-mentioned impeller, by arranging inclined guide wings on the blades, when the impeller rotates to take in wind, an oblique outward resistance can be generated for the air sucked into the impeller. At the same time, the air forms a reaction force on the guide wings that is opposite to the resistance. The reaction forces of all guide wings are superimposed to form a force that can push the impeller inward along its axial direction, thereby reducing or offsetting the axial force on the motor main shaft, reducing the wear of the ceramic bearings, and extending the service life of the bearings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0020] in:

[0021] Figure 1 The overall structure of the first embodiment of the impeller proposed by the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0022] Figure 2 The overall structure of the first embodiment of the impeller proposed by the present invention is schematically shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 3 A front structural schematic diagram of a first embodiment of an impeller provided by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged schematic diagram of the middle A part;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of the guide vanes and blades of the first embodiment of the impeller provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second embodiment of the impeller proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic cross-sectional view of the guide vanes and blades of the second embodiment of the impeller provided by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the third embodiment of the impeller proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Fig. 9 A schematic cross-sectional view of the guide vanes and blades of the third embodiment of the impeller provided by the present invention;

[0030] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fan proposed in the present invention.

[0031] Figure numerals: 10, hub; 20, rear cover plate; 30, blades; 40, guide vanes; 401, front plate; 402, rear plate; 41, guide groove; 50, volute; 60, drive motor; 70, flange. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by technicians in the technical field of the present invention; the terms used in the specification of the application herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention; the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present invention or the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects, not to describe a specific order.

[0033] Reference to "embodiments" herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The appearance of the phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It is explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0034] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0035] like Figure 1-10 The embodiment provided by the present invention is shown in FIG.

[0036] The embodiment of the present invention provides an impeller, which is mainly used in centrifugal fans, blowers and other equipment. Figure 1-3As shown, it includes: a hub 10, a rear cover plate 20 and a plurality of blades 30. The hub 10 is coaxially arranged on the rear cover plate 20, and the plurality of blades 30 are evenly distributed on the rear cover plate 20 around the axis of the hub 10. The blade 30 is a hyperbolic blade 30, which can also be called a twisted blade 30, and its surface is a bidirectional curved surface. The front end of the blade 30 is close to the axis of the hub 10, and the rear end of the blade 30 is far away from the axis of the hub 10. The outer contour of the rear cover plate 20 is circular, and the rear end of the blade 30 is flush with the circumference of the rear cover plate 20. It can be understood that the front end of the blade 30 is the air inlet end of the impeller, the rear end of the blade 30 is the air outlet end, the outer edge profile of the blade 30 is similar to a twisted "S" shape, and the rear half of the blade 30 is provided with a guide wing 40, which is arranged along the extension direction of the outer edge of the blade 30. If the outer edge profile of the blade 30 is divided into two parts according to the "S" shape, the guide wing 40 is located in the lower half of the blade 30, and the extension length of the guide wing 40 does not exceed the lower half of the blade 30. The guide wing 40 is rotated toward the impeller. The guide vane 40 is tilted downwardly, so that an inclination angle is formed between the guide vane 40 and the blade 30. When the impeller rotates, the upper surface of the guide vane 40 becomes the windward surface, which produces an oblique outward resistance to the air sucked into the impeller. At the same time, the air sucked into the impeller will also produce an oblique inward reaction force on the upper surface of the guide vane 40. The reaction forces received by all the guide vanes 40 are superimposed on each other, forming a combined force that can push the impeller inward along its axial direction, thereby reducing or offsetting the axial force received by the motor main shaft. The air suspension centrifugal fan and the magnetic suspension centrifugal fan in the prior art require the cooperation of the air bearing and the thrust bearing when working. The bearing with a special air flow channel design is used to work after being suspended. The force of the thrust bearing is used to offset the axial force generated by the fan during operation to stabilize the normal operation of the fan. In comparison, the high-speed centrifugal fan adapted to the impeller provided in this embodiment is evolved from the air suspension centrifugal fan and the magnetic suspension centrifugal fan. Because a ceramic bearing suitable for high-speed operation is used, it is impossible to transplant the thrust bearing that is not compatible with the ceramic bearing. For the ceramic bearing version of the high-speed centrifugal fan, it is a natural defect that the thrust bearing cannot be used to offset the axial force. In this case, the present embodiment compensates for this defect by providing a guide wing 40 that can generate a counter-axial force on the impeller. When the fan is working, the physical state of the ceramic bearing does not change, but the fan impeller generates an axial force when rotating at a high speed. However, under the action of the reaction force generated by the guide wing 40, the part of this axial force acting on the ceramic bearing and the ball is greatly reduced, thereby achieving the effect of slowing down the wear rate of the ceramic bearing and extending the service life.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the guide wing 40 is arranged on the outer edge of the blade 30, the outer edge of the blade 30 is the side edge of the blade 30 away from the surface of the rear cover plate 20, the height from the rear side of the guide wing 40 to the root of the blade 30 is 1mm higher than the height from the front side of the guide wing 40 to the root of the blade 30, the front side of the guide wing 40 is the side of the guide wing 40 facing the direction of rotation of the impeller, and the rear side of the guide wing 40 is the opposite, and the guide wing 40 as a whole is in an inclined state with the front lower and the rear higher along the direction of rotation of the impeller. It can be understood that the inclination angle of the guide wing 40 is related to the resistance it encounters from the air, which in turn affects the anti-axial force generated on the impeller. The greater the resistance encountered by the guide wing 40, the greater the impact on the working efficiency and rotation speed of the impeller.

[0038] Further, see Attachment Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of guide grooves 41 are distributed on the guide wing 40, the direction of the guide groove 41 is the same as the rotation direction of the impeller, the cross-section of the guide groove 41 is U-shaped or V-shaped, the depth of the guide groove 41 is 5 mm, and the function of the guide groove 41 is to guide the wind blowing toward the upper surface of the guide wing 40, reduce the disturbance of the air between the blades 30 and the inner wall of the volute 50 when the guide wing 40 rotates with the impeller, and play a stabilizing effect, thereby improving the rotation efficiency of the impeller.

[0039] In one implementation of the above specific embodiment, you can choose to refer to the attached Figure 4-5 As shown, the top wall of the guide wing 40 is set to a flat surface, and the angle α between the guide wing 40 and the front side wall of the blade 30 is set to 80°-89°. In this range, the magnitude of the anti-axial force generated by all the guide wings 40 is relatively moderate, which is closer to the magnitude of the axial force generated when the impeller is working. It can not only well reduce or offset the force on the bearing and reduce bearing wear, but also will not have a significant impact on the air intake efficiency and rotation speed of the impeller. Specifically, the two side edges of the guide wing 40 extend out of the two side walls of the blade 30 respectively, and the width from the front side edge of the guide wing 40 to the front side wall of the blade 30 is greater than or equal to the width from the rear side edge of the guide wing 40 to the rear side wall of the blade 30, which can better wrap the air passing through two adjacent blades 30, reduce air escape, and thus improve the air intake efficiency.

[0040] In another embodiment of the above specific embodiment, you can also choose to refer to the attached Figure 6-7As shown, the guide vane 40 is divided into a front plate 401 and a rear plate 402. The widths of the front plate 401 and the rear plate 402 can be set to be the same. The front side edge of the front plate 401 extends out of the front side wall of the blade 30 in the rotation direction of the impeller, and the rear side edge of the rear plate 402 is flush with the rear side wall of the blade 30. The angle β between the front plate 401 and the blade 30 is 80°-89°, and the angle θ between the rear plate 402 and the blade 30 is 6 smaller than the angle β between the front plate 401 and the blade 30. °, compared with making the two sides of the guide wing 40 extend out of the two side walls of the blade 30 respectively, only the front plate 401 extends out to reduce the blocking area of ​​the air entering the blade 30, thereby increasing the air intake efficiency of the impeller. Although the axial force generated by the increase in the air intake will also increase, the anti-axial force that can be jointly generated by the front plate 401 and the rear plate 402 with different inclination angles is also greater, and it can still well reduce or offset the force on the bearing, which can reduce bearing wear and improve the air intake efficiency of the impeller. In addition, the connection between the front plate 401 and the front side wall of the blade 30 is processed and provided with a fillet, which can better wrap the air passing through two adjacent blades 30, reduce air escape, and thus improve the air intake efficiency.

[0041] In another specific embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 8-9 As shown, the rear side wall of the guide wing 40 is integrally connected to the front side wall of the blade 30, and the bottom wall of the guide wing 40 is integrally connected to the rear cover plate 20. Compared with suspending the guide wing 40 on the outer edge of the blade 30, the integral connection method is more convenient to process, and has higher strength and is more durable. Among them, the top surface of the guide wing 40 is an arc surface, the thickness of the guide wing 40 is less than the height of the blade 30, the thickness of the guide wing 40 gradually decreases from its rear side wall to the front, and the width of the guide wing 40 gradually increases from the front end of the blade 30 to the rear. The shape of the guide wing 40 is similar to the shape of the wing of an airplane after the direction is reversed. The anti-axial force generated by it can also reduce or offset the force on the bearing, thereby reducing bearing wear.

[0042] Further, see Attachment Figure 2 As shown, the rear side wall of the rear cover plate 20 is in the shape of a concave curved surface, similar to or close to a trumpet shape. Such a configuration can reduce the overall weight of the impeller, reduce the energy consumption required by the drive motor 60 to drive the impeller to rotate, and improve the rotation efficiency of the impeller.

[0043] The present invention also provides a fan, Fig.10 As shown, it includes a volute 50, a drive motor 60, a flange 70 and the above-mentioned impeller, the impeller is rotatably arranged in the volute 50, the flange 70 is arranged on the back of the volute 50, the drive motor 60 is connected to the flange 70, and the output shaft of the drive motor 60 passes through the flange 70 and is rotatably connected to the hub 10, thereby driving the impeller.

[0044] Obviously, the embodiments described above are only some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The preferred embodiments of the present invention are given in the accompanying drawings, but they do not limit the patent scope of the present invention. The present invention can be implemented in many different forms. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the understanding of the disclosure of the present invention more thorough and comprehensive. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned specific embodiments, or to perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. Any equivalent structure made using the contents of the specification and drawings of the present invention, directly or indirectly used in other related technical fields, is also within the scope of patent protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An impeller, characterized in that: include: A wheel hub (10), a rear cover plate (20), and a plurality of blades (30), wherein the wheel hub (10) is coaxially arranged on the rear cover plate (20), and the plurality of blades (30) are evenly distributed on the rear cover plate (20) around the axis of the wheel hub (10); The front end of the blade (30) is close to the axis of the hub (10), the rear end of the blade (30) is away from the axis of the hub (10) and is flush with the circumference of the rear cover plate (20), and the rear half of the blade (30) is provided with a guide wing (40), and the guide wing (40) is inclined downward in the rotation direction of the impeller.

2. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide wing (40) is arranged on the outer edge of the blade (30), and the height from the rear side of the guide wing (40) to the root of the blade (30) is 1 mm higher than the height from the front side of the guide wing (40) to the root of the blade (30).

3. The impeller according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of guide grooves (41) are distributed on the guide wing (40), the depth of the guide groove (41) is 5 mm, and the direction of the guide groove (41) is the same as the rotation direction of the impeller.

4. The impeller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top wall of the guide wing (40) is a plane, the angle between the guide wing (40) and the blade (30) is 80°-89°, the two side edges of the guide wing (40) extend out of the two side walls of the blade (30) respectively, and the width from the front side edge of the guide wing (40) to the front side wall of the blade (30) is greater than or equal to the width from the rear side edge of the guide wing (40) to the rear side wall of the blade (30).

5. The impeller according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide wing (40) comprises a front plate (401) and a rear plate (402), wherein the front side edge of the front plate (401) extends beyond the front side wall of the blade (30) in the direction of rotation of the impeller, and the rear side edge of the rear plate (402) is flush with the rear side wall of the blade (30).

6. The impeller according to claim 5, characterized in that The included angle between the front plate (401) and the blade (30) is 80°-89°, and the included angle between the rear plate (402) and the blade (30) is 6° smaller than the included angle between the front plate (401) and the blade (30).

7. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that The rear side wall of the guide wing (40) is integrally connected to the front side wall of the blade (30), and the bottom wall of the guide wing (40) is integrally connected to the rear cover plate (20).

8. The impeller according to claim 7, characterized in that The top surface of the guide wing (40) is an arc-shaped surface, the thickness of the guide wing (40) gradually decreases from its rear side wall to the front, and the width of the guide wing (40) gradually increases from the front end of the blade (30) to the rear.

9. The impeller according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rear side wall of the rear cover plate (20) is in the shape of a concave curved surface.

10. A fan, characterized in that: It comprises a volute (50), a drive motor (60), a flange (70) and an impeller according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the impeller is rotatably arranged in the volute (50), the flange (70) is arranged on the back of the volute (50), the drive motor (60) is connected to the flange (70), and the output shaft of the drive motor (60) passes through the flange (70) and is rotatably connected to the hub (10).

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