Static fully-sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measuring device

Abstract

The invention discloses a static fully-sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of biological section observation equipment. The magnetic levitation thruster can push the sample to move without the help of hydraulic and pneumatic pushing, mechanical spiral motion driving and external direct contact driving, so that the pushing piece and the fully-sealed container can be dynamically sealed without a sealing ring; the problem of preparation liquid leakage caused by damage of a sealing ring is avoided, and a method for measuring by using a light reflection principle is provided aiming at the requirements that the displacement needs to be accurately measured and a measured part is positioned in a full-liquid environment, namely, the displacement change information of the magnetic levitation thruster is reflected to the grating through light, so that the measurement accuracy is improved. The grating and all measuring parts thereof are arranged outside the full-liquid environment, and non-contact measurement is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biological slice observation equipment, in particular to a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement device. Background Art

[0002] In the study of biomedical research scenarios, biological sample propulsion equipment is one of the necessary equipment for biological vibration slicers. The mainstream biological sample propulsion equipment mostly adopts piston propulsion, and the sample is in translational motion, which is suitable for spinal cord samples with longer size. The propulsion methods include hydraulic or pneumatic propulsion, mechanical spiral motion drive, and external direct contact drive.

[0003] However, in actual use, some special experimental environments are not suitable for piston propulsion. For example, when two-photon fluorescence microscopy involves slicing biological samples in the preparation liquid, the sample tube of the piston propulsion usually adopts dynamic sealing. However, since the preparation liquid is corrosive and in the environment of changing temperature and pH value, the life of the sealing ring in the piston cavity will be significantly shortened, thereby causing leakage of the preparation liquid. In order to solve the above problems, a fully sealed piston structure can be used, and an electromagnetically driven thruster can be set to replace the pushing piston.

[0004] However, the problem that arises is that the exact position of the thrusters cannot be known, and conventional visual recognition technology and ultrasonic ranging cannot achieve micron-level accuracy; laser interferometry can meet the accuracy requirements, but it is more sensitive to environmental factors and the optical path construction is more complicated; although magnetic grating recognition meets the accuracy requirements, there is a possibility of mutual influence between the magnetic field generated by the electromagnetic drive thrusters and the magnetic grating, so it is not suitable for use. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that after a fully sealed piston structure is adopted and an electromagnetically driven thruster is set to replace the pushing piston, the precise position of the thruster cannot be known, and therefore a non-contact measurement method is needed to obtain the precise position of the thruster as a feedback signal, and a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device is proposed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technologies to provide a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device:

[0007] It includes a CMOS camera and a light source for photographing moiré patterns. A light output mechanism is provided on the light path of the light source. The light output mechanism includes a beam expander lens for diffusing the light from the light source and an output lens for receiving the diffused light. The light passes through the output lens to form a strip-shaped light beam.

[0008] A thrust mechanism is arranged on the path of the strip-shaped light beam output by the output lens, and the thrust mechanism comprises a fully sealed container for storing samples, a magnetic levitation thruster in the fully sealed container that can be lifted and lowered, and a reflector arranged on the magnetic levitation thruster for receiving the strip-shaped light beam, and the object to be measured produces a displacement change as the magnetic levitation thruster is lifted and lowered;

[0009] A light receiving mechanism is arranged on the shooting path of the CMOS camera, and the light receiving mechanism includes a grating arranged horizontally on one side of the photosensitive element of the CMOS camera and an input lens arranged on one side of the grating. The strip light beam is reflected to the input lens through a reflector, and the reflection angle of the reflector is equal to the incident angle. The input lens converges the strip light beam and projects it on the grating to form dynamic moiré fringes that can be photographed by the CMOS camera.

[0010] As a further description of the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device:

[0011] One side of the fully sealed container is configured to be transparent for the reflector to receive the strip light beam.

[0012] As a further description of the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device:

[0013] The grating and the input lens are tilted, and the calculation formula of the tilt angle is nλ=2dsin(i);

[0014] Among them, n is the diffraction order, the order in which the light wave is diffracted in the grating diffraction;

[0015] λ is the wavelength of the incident light in nanometers;

[0016] d is the grating constant, that is, the distance between two adjacent lines on the grating;

[0017] i is the incident angle, which is the angle between the incident light and the grating normal, that is, the angle between the grating and the input lens.

[0018] As a further description of the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device:

[0019] The CMOS camera is provided with a photosensitive element and an image processing element. The CMOS camera converts the moiré photoelectric signal on the grating into a long strip photosensitive array through the photosensitive element, and transmits it to the image processing element to obtain the displacement change information of the object to be measured.

[0020] As a further description of the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device:

[0021] The thrust mechanism also includes a mechanical micrometer arranged in the fully sealed container, and a detection end of the mechanical micrometer is in direct contact with the magnetic levitation thruster.

[0022] In addition, the present invention also proposes a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement method, which is applied to the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement device, and is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Turn on the light source, so that the light is diffused by the beam expander lens and expanded by the output lens to form a sheet beam;

[0024] S2. The sheet light beam passes through the fully sealed container and is focused on the reflector embedded in the magnetic levitation thruster and is reflected by the reflector;

[0025] S3. The incident light is reflected by the reflector, collected by the input lens and focused on the grating surface. The magnetic levitation thruster moves up and down in the liquid, and also drives the reflector to move synchronously. The position of the light matches the moving position of the magnetic levitation thruster.

[0026] S4. The reflected light with the position information of the magnetic levitation thruster is passed through the grating to form the dynamic moiré fringe information, and the photosensitive element set in the CMOS camera converts the moiré photoelectric signal into a long strip photosensitive array;

[0027] S5. Observe the long strip photosensitive array, and use the image processing element in the CMOS camera to obtain the displacement variable and generate a usable digital signal. After processing, it is converted into an electrical signal and fed back to the thruster electronic control system. The non-contact displacement measurement of the magnetic levitation thruster is completed.

[0028] In summary, due to the use of the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] 1. In order to meet the demand of accurate displacement measurement and the measured components are located in a full liquid environment, a method of measuring using the reflection principle of light is proposed, that is, the displacement change information of the magnetic levitation thruster is reflected to the grating through light, so that the grating and all its measuring components are placed outside the full liquid environment, achieving non-contact measurement;

[0030] 2. Through the grating and CMOS camera, the dynamic moiré pattern generated on the grating is collected and detected by the CMOS camera to ensure the measurement accuracy, and the non-contact measurement method is used to provide the precise position information of the magnetic levitation thruster in the full liquid environment;

[0031] 3. By setting up a fully enclosed, fully liquid environment, fully sealed container and magnetic levitation thruster, the magnetic levitation thruster can push the sample to move without the aid of hydraulic pressure, pneumatic pressure, mechanical spiral motion drive and external direct contact drive, so that the pushing member and the fully sealed container do not need to be dynamically sealed with a sealing ring, avoiding the problem of leakage of preparation liquid due to damage of the sealing ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement device is shown;

[0033] Figure 2 A three-dimensional schematic diagram showing reflected light formed after the sheet light beam is reflected by the reflector to the input lens;

[0034] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the process of grating reflection displacement measurement is shown;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of processing the dynamic moiré pattern diffracted by light after passing through the grating ruler is shown;

[0036] Figure 5 The figure shows a flow chart of detecting displacement change information of an object to be measured by using dynamic moiré fringes.

[0037] Legend:

[0038] 10. Light output mechanism; 11. Beam expansion lens; 12. Output lens;

[0039] 20. Thrust mechanism; 21. Fully sealed container; 22. Magnetic thruster; 23. Reflector; 24. Mechanical micrometer;

[0040] 30. Light receiving mechanism; 31. Grating; 32. Input lens;

[0041] 40. CMOS camera;

[0042] 50. Light source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] In order to solve the problem that the precise position of the thruster cannot be known after the fully sealed piston structure is adopted and the electromagnetically driven thruster is set to replace the pushing piston, and therefore a non-contact measurement method is needed to obtain the precise position of the thruster as a feedback signal, the present invention proposes a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device, such as Figure 1 - Figure 5 As shown:

[0045] It includes a CMOS camera 40 for photographing moiré and a light source 50. A light output mechanism 10 is provided on the light path of the light source 50. The light output mechanism 10 includes a beam expander lens 11 for diffusing the light of the light source 50 and an output lens 12 for receiving the diffused light.

[0046] The output lens 12 is composed of a curved surface and a flat surface. The flat surface is used to receive the diffused light. When the light passes through the output lens 12, under the influence of the curved surface of the output lens 12, the light is refracted at the curved surface. The refracted light will diverge according to the shape of the curved surface of the output lens 12, thereby forming a clear linear light spot and converging into a strip-shaped light beam.

[0047] A thrust mechanism 20 is arranged on the path of the strip light beam output by the output lens 12. The thrust mechanism 20 comprises a fully sealed container 21 for storing samples, a magnetic levitation thruster 22 in the fully sealed container 21 that can be lifted and lowered, and a reflector 23 arranged on the magnetic levitation thruster 22 for receiving the strip light beam. The displacement of the object to be measured changes as the magnetic levitation thruster 22 is lifted and lowered.

[0048] One side of the fully sealed container 21 is set to be transparent for the reflector 23 to receive the strip light beam. Preferably, the material of this side of the fully sealed container 21 is a transparent resin with a thickness of 2-3mm. Since the interior of the fully sealed container 21 is a full liquid environment, the light intensity will be attenuated and refracted when the light passes through the transparent container and the liquid environment. The attenuation can be avoided by increasing the incident light intensity and adjusting the incident angle of the light. At the same time, the other five sides are made of non-transparent materials to reduce the disturbance of external light and the generation of refraction;

[0049] A light receiving mechanism 30 is arranged on the shooting path of the CMOS camera 40. The light receiving mechanism 30 includes a grating 31 arranged horizontally on one side of the photosensitive element of the CMOS camera 40 and an input lens 32 arranged on one side of the grating 31. The strip light beam is reflected to the input lens 32 by a reflector 23. The reflection angle of the reflector 23 is equal to the incident angle.

[0050] The input lens 32 is composed of a curved surface and a flat surface. The curved surface is used to receive the light refracted by the reflector 23. Under the influence of the refraction of the curved surface of the input lens 32, the light will be focused according to the shape of the curved surface of the input lens 32, thereby forming a clear linear light spot and converging into a strip light beam. The strip light beam is projected onto the grating 31 through the input lens 32 to form dynamic moiré fringes that can be photographed by the CMOS camera 40. The grating measurement technology is almost unaffected by the electric field and the magnetic field, so it will not interfere with the magnetic field generated when the magnetic levitation thruster 22 moves, thereby achieving the use of optical reflection technology to indirectly detect the displacement of the magnetic levitation thruster 22. In addition, due to the use of a non-contact measurement method, it not only avoids the contamination of the optical, light source and grating measurement components by the liquid environment, but also provides accurate position feedback for the propulsion device in a sealed environment.

[0051] At the same time, in order to improve the measurement accuracy of the CMOS camera 40, the grating 31 and the input lens 32 are tilted, and the calculation formula of the tilt angle is nλ=2dsin(i);

[0052] Among them, n is the diffraction order, the order in which the light wave is diffracted in the grating diffraction;

[0053] λ is the wavelength of the incident light in nanometers;

[0054] d is the grating constant, i.e., the distance between two adjacent lines on the grating 31;

[0055] i is the incident angle, which is the angle between the incident light and the grating normal, i.e. the angle between the grating 31 and the input lens 32;

[0056] At this tilt angle, the diffraction effect of the grating is most significant and the measurement accuracy is relatively high;

[0057] For example, the grating constant is 1 / 1200 mm, that is, there are 1200 grating lines per mm, and the wavelength of the incident light is 600 nanometers. When the diffraction order is first order, n=1, the calculated incident angle is about 21.80°.

[0058] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, a photosensitive element and an image processing element are provided in the CMOS camera 40. The CMOS camera 40 converts the moiré photoelectric signal on the grating 31 into a long strip photosensitive array through the photosensitive element, and transmits it to the image processing element to obtain the displacement change information of the object to be measured. The steps are as follows:

[0059] 1. Preprocessing: remove noise from the image.

[0060] 2. Convert to grayscale image.

[0061] 3. Binary method refinement processing.

[0062] 4. Deburring.

[0063] The present invention also provides a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement method, which is applied to the above-mentioned static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection type displacement measurement device, such as Figure 3 The specific steps are as follows:

[0064] S1. Turn on the light source 50, so that the light is diffused through the beam expander lens 11, and then diverges through the output lens 12 to form a sheet-like beam;

[0065] S2. The sheet light beam passes through the fully sealed container 21 and is focused on the reflector 23 embedded in the magnetic levitation thruster 22. The sheet light beam is reflected by the reflector 23;

[0066] S3. The incident light is reflected by the reflector 23, collected by the input lens 32 and focused on the surface of the grating 31. The magnetic levitation thruster 22 moves up and down in the liquid and also drives the reflector 23 to move synchronously. The position of the light matches the moving position of the magnetic levitation thruster 22.

[0067] S4. The reflected light with the position information of the magnetic levitation thruster 22 is formed by the grating 31 to form the dynamic moiré fringe information, and the photosensitive element provided in the CMOS camera 40 converts the moiré photoelectric signal into a long strip photosensitive array;

[0068] S5. Observe the long strip photosensitive array, and use the image processing element in the CMOS camera 40 to obtain the displacement variable and generate a usable digital signal. After processing, it is converted into an electrical signal and fed back to the thruster electronic control system. The non-contact displacement measurement of the magnetic levitation thruster 22 is completed.

[0069] The thrust mechanism 20 also includes a mechanical micrometer 24 disposed in a fully sealed container 21. The detection end of the mechanical micrometer 24 is in direct contact with the magnetic levitation thruster 22. In the control experiment, Figure 1 As shown, the power source of the movement of the magnetic levitation thruster 22 is simplified, and direct contact pushing is used instead of magnetic field movement, and a mechanical micrometer 24 is used to directly contact the magnetic levitation thruster 22 to record the displacement of the magnetic levitation thruster 22. After the magnetic levitation thruster 22 is pushed manually or mechanically, the accurate displacement distance of the magnetic levitation thruster 22 can be recorded according to the mechanical micrometer 24;

[0070] At the same time, the CMOS camera 40 is used to observe whether the moiré patterns generated on the grating 31 change with the movement of the magnetic levitation thruster 22. By comparing the count of the brightness changes of the moiré patterns with the displacement value directly measured by the mechanical micrometer 24, it is checked whether the displacement measurement result of the CMOS camera 40 and the grating 31 is accurate.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes to the static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device and its inventive concept according to the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device, comprising a CMOS camera (40) for photographing moiré patterns and a light source (50), characterized in that: A light output mechanism (10) is provided on the light path of the light source (50), the light output mechanism (10) comprising a beam expander lens (11) for diffusing the light of the light source (50) and an output lens (12) for receiving the diffused light, the light passing through the output lens (12) forming a strip-shaped light beam; A thrust mechanism (20) is arranged on the path of the strip-shaped light beam output by the output lens (12), the thrust mechanism (20) comprising a fully sealed container (21) for storing a sample, a magnetic levitation thruster (22) in the fully sealed container (21) that can be raised and lowered, and a reflector (23) arranged on the magnetic levitation thruster (22) for receiving the strip-shaped light beam, and the object to be measured produces a displacement change as the magnetic levitation thruster (22) is raised and lowered; A light receiving mechanism (30) is arranged on the shooting path of the CMOS camera (40), and the light receiving mechanism (30) comprises a grating (31) arranged horizontally on one side of a photosensitive element of the CMOS camera (40) and an input lens (32) arranged on one side of the grating (31). The strip light beam is reflected to the input lens (32) by a reflector (23), and the reflection angle of the reflector (23) is equal to the incident angle. The input lens (32) converges the strip light beam and projects it onto the grating (31), thereby forming dynamic moiré fringes that can be photographed by the CMOS camera (40).

2. The static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One side of the fully sealed container (21) is configured to be transparent for the reflector (23) to receive the strip-shaped light beam.

3. The static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grating (31) and the input lens (32) are arranged to be inclined, and the calculation formula of the inclination angle is nλ=2dsin(i); Among them, n is the diffraction order, the order in which the light wave is diffracted in the grating diffraction; λ is the wavelength of the incident light in nanometers; d is the grating constant, i.e., the distance between two adjacent lines on the grating (31); i is the incident angle, which is the angle between the incident light and the grating normal, that is, the angle between the grating (31) and the input lens (32).

4. The static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CMOS camera (40) is provided with a photosensitive element and an image processing element. The CMOS camera (40) converts the moiré photoelectric signal on the grating (31) into a long strip photosensitive array through the photosensitive element, and transmits it to the image processing element to obtain displacement change information of the object to be measured.

5. The static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thrust mechanism (20) further comprises a mechanical micrometer (24) arranged in the fully sealed container (21), wherein a detection end of the mechanical micrometer (24) is in direct contact with the magnetic levitation thruster (22).

6. A static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement method, using a static fully sealed sample tube thruster grating reflection displacement measurement device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Turn on the light source (50), diffuse the light through the beam expander lens (11), and then diverge through the output lens (12) to form a sheet-like beam; S2. The sheet light beam passes through the fully sealed container (21) and is focused on the reflector (23) embedded on the magnetic levitation thruster (22), and the sheet light beam is reflected by the reflector (23); S3. The incident light is reflected by the reflector (23), collected by the input lens (32) and focused on the surface of the grating (31). The magnetic levitation thruster (22) moves up and down in the liquid and also drives the reflector (23) to move synchronously. The position of the light matches the moving position of the magnetic levitation thruster (22); S4. The reflected light with the position information of the magnetic levitation thruster (22) is transmitted through the grating (31) to form the dynamic moiré fringe information, and the photosensitive element provided in the CMOS camera (40) converts the moiré photoelectric signal into a long strip photosensitive array; S5. Observe the long strip photosensitive array, and use the image processing element in the CMOS camera (40) to obtain the displacement variable, and generate a usable digital signal, which is processed into an electrical signal and fed back to the thruster electronic control system, and the non-contact displacement measurement of the magnetic levitation thruster (22) is completed.

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