Internet-of-things acquisition control system for operation of electricity utilization information acquisition system

Abstract

The invention discloses an internet-of-things acquisition control system for operation of an electricity utilization information acquisition system, relates to the field of internet-of-things acquisition control, and mainly solves the problem that the data communication capability is lagged when the electricity utilization information acquisition system operates. In order to solve the problems of weak Internet of Things acquisition control capability, unsafe data system information interaction, slow control rate and low data information analysis capability in the prior art, the adopted scheme is as follows: the control system comprises an MCU processor, a control module, an electricity consumption information acquisition module, a data processing module, an Internet of Things communication module, a man-machine interaction module and a safety protection module, the data information is protected through an encryption protection algorithm, and the communication safety performance of the Internet of Things acquisition control system is improved; the logic control of the power system is realized through a logic control algorithm, and the control efficiency of the power system is improved; the information acquired by the sensor is subjected to multi-angle and deep analysis through the multi-modal analysis unit, so that the control efficiency of the Internet of Things acquisition control system is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of Internet of Things collection and control, and more specifically to an Internet of Things collection and control system for operation of an electricity consumption information collection system. Background Art

[0002] The operation of electricity consumption information collection systems (such as smart grids, remote meter reading systems, etc.) involves many aspects of the Internet of Things collection and control system. Power lines and wireless signals may be affected by electromagnetic interference and noise, especially when the power system is working, which may interfere with communication signals and affect the stability of data transmission.

[0003] When monitoring the operating status of power equipment and power grids including key parameters such as voltage, current, power, and power factor, the power consumption information collection system usually uses the Internet communication method. Although this method can improve the communication capability of data information, the network is unstable and the data information is not safe. With the rapid development of Internet of Things technology, the data collection, monitoring and control system of power equipment, power grids and loads is gradually realized by using Internet of Things technology, and the Internet of Things communication technology, sensor technology and control technology have played an important role in the power system. However, the Internet of Things collection and control system will transmit data information during operation, which is easy to cause data information leakage without the protection of encryption function; the data communication capability of the power consumption information collection system lags behind during operation, the Internet of Things collection and control capability is weak, the data system information interaction is not safe, the control rate is slow and the data information analysis capability is low, especially during the operation of the power consumption information collection system, the power consumption information collection system lags behind. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the above-mentioned technologies, the present invention discloses an Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system, which realizes the protection of data information through an encryption protection algorithm, thereby improving the security performance of communication of the Internet of Things collection and control system; realizes the logical control of the power system through a logic control algorithm, thereby improving the control efficiency of the power system; and performs multi-angle and in-depth analysis of the information collected by the sensor through a multimodal analysis unit, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data information.

[0005] In order to achieve the above technical effects, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: An Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system, comprising an MCU processor, an electricity consumption information collection module, a data processing module, an Internet of Things communication module, a human-computer interaction module, a control module and a safety protection module; MCU processor, used to receive and process data from various modules; A control module is used to control the power consumption information collection device; the control module includes a power supply unit, a logic control unit, a controller and an instruction execution unit, the power supply unit uses a mechanical switching power supply to provide power to the control module; the logic control unit implements logic control of the operating state of the power system through a logic control algorithm; the controller uses an ESP8266 control chip to output control instructions; the instruction execution unit uses a mechanical control button to execute the control instructions transmitted by the controller to achieve control of the power consumption information collection process, the output end of the power supply unit is connected to the input end of the logic control unit, the output end of the logic control unit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the input end of the instruction execution unit; An electricity consumption information collection module is used to collect electricity consumption information in the power system; A data processing module, used to calculate and process the collected electricity consumption information; An Internet of Things communication module, used to realize communication between each module and an external device; the Internet of Things communication module includes a wireless communication unit, a communication protocol unit, a data interface unit and a communication encryption unit. The wireless communication unit adopts WIFI wireless communication to realize data transmission between each module and between external devices; the communication protocol unit adopts MQTT transmission protocol to realize collaborative transmission between each module in the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; the data interface unit adopts I²C communication interface to realize data transmission and control with external devices; the communication encryption unit adopts encryption protection algorithm to realize protection of data information, the output end of the wireless communication unit is connected to the input end of the communication protocol unit, the output end of the communication protocol unit is connected to the input end of the data interface unit, and the output end of the data interface unit is connected to the input end of the communication encryption unit; Human-computer interaction module, used to support interaction between users and systems; Security protection module, used to ensure the safe operation of IoT acquisition and control systems; The output end of the MCU processor is respectively connected to the input ends of the power consumption information collection module, the data processing module, the Internet of Things communication module, the human-computer interaction module, the control module and the safety protection module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection module; the output end of the power consumption information collection module is connected to the input end of the data processing module; the output end of the data processing module is connected to the input end of the Internet of Things communication module; the output end of the Internet of Things communication module is connected to the input end of the human-computer interaction module; and the output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the input end of the safety protection module.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution, the MCU processor includes a memory, a timer, an I / O interface and an interrupt controller, and the memory uses a Micron MT47 model chip to store data generated during the operation of the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; the timer provides a time reference for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system by setting a counting cycle and a preset value; the I / O interface transmits data signals with external devices through an electrical connection; the interrupt controller configures different priorities for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system through an interrupt request IRQ signal.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution, the electricity consumption information acquisition module includes a sensor interface, a sensor unit, a smart meter and a concentrator. The sensor interface uses a cable to achieve connection and communication with the sensor; the sensor unit realizes the measurement and acquisition of current, voltage, power, electricity and temperature in the power system through a sensor network; the smart meter measures and monitors changes in electricity consumption information through a CS5463 model metering chip; the concentrator concentrates data information of each acquisition device through LoRa power line communication, the signal output end of the sensor interface is connected to the signal input end of the sensor unit, the signal output end of the sensor unit is connected to the signal input end of the smart meter, and the signal output end of the smart meter is connected to the signal input end of the concentrator.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution, the sensor unit includes a current sensor, a voltage sensor, a power sensor, a power sensor and a temperature sensor. The sensor unit adopts a Hall sensor as a current sensor, and the Hall sensor measures the change of the current in the power system through the Hall effect; the sensor unit adopts a varistor as a voltage sensor, and the varistor adopts a varistor to change the resistance value by using a varistor material to achieve the measurement of the voltage change of the power system; the sensor unit adopts a power transmitter as a power sensor, and the power transmitter measures the power of the power system by calculating the product of current and voltage; the sensor unit adopts an electric energy meter as a power sensor, and the electric energy meter measures the electric energy in the power system through electromagnetic induction; the sensor unit adopts a thermistor as a temperature sensor, and the thermistor measures the temperature of the power system equipment through the sensitivity of the resistance material to temperature.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution, the data processing module includes an ADC converter, a data optimization unit, a multimodal analysis unit and a data calculation unit. The ADC converter converts analog signals into digital signals for analysis and processing; the data optimization unit optimizes data by removing abnormal data, correcting errors and reducing noise; the multimodal analysis unit analyzes information collected by different sensors through the MCU processor to achieve multi-angle and in-depth data analysis; the data calculation unit calculates the electric energy value collected by the electricity consumption information collection system by multiplying the collected voltage and current by time, the output end of the ADC converter is connected to the input end of the data optimization unit, the output end of the data optimization unit is connected to the input end of the multimodal analysis unit, and the output end of the multimodal analysis unit is connected to the input end of the calculation unit.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution, the working method of the encryption protection algorithm is: 1) Initialization: Initialize the key, encryption mode and padding method. 2) Data encryption: The plaintext data is encoded and encrypted using a key. During the encryption process, the plaintext data is divided into multiple blocks. Each block is encrypted and encrypted multiple times according to the encryption function. Each round of encryption uses different algorithm parameters to increase the encryption strength. The encryption function is expressed as follows: (1) In formula (1), Indicates the current order of the function, Indicates the function termination value, represents the product of two prime numbers, represents the prime number 1, represents the prime number 2, Represents the encryption key value, An integer representing the value of the function, Represents the remainder operation; 3) Data decryption: The ciphertext data is decoded and then decrypted using the key. Each block is decrypted multiple times using a decryption function. The formula of the decryption function is: (2) (3) In formulas (2)-(3), Represents ciphertext, represents an integer, represents the index, represents the remainder operation, represents the product of two prime numbers, Indicates the function termination value, Indicates the current order, Represents an integer; 4) Key management: Manage the generation, distribution, storage and update of keys, and use multiple authentication methods to enhance key security; 5) Exception handling: Perform anomaly detection, anomaly handling, and anomaly recovery on abnormal conditions such as key leakage and system crash.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution, the human-computer interaction module includes a permission management unit, a remote sensor node and a human-computer interaction unit. The permission management unit realizes the allocation and management of data access rights by restricting the user's access conditions to the data; the remote sensor node receives the data information collected by the sensor unit through the CC2530 communication chip; the human-computer interaction unit uses a liquid crystal display to realize real-time viewing of the power system operation status, data trends and alarm information, the signal output end of the permission management unit is connected to the signal input end of the remote sensor node, and the signal output end of the remote sensor node is connected to the signal input end of the human-computer interaction unit.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution, the working method of the logic control algorithm is: 1) Data collection and processing: Collect the operation data of the power system in real time through sensor equipment, including voltage, current, power, frequency and temperature data; 2) Logic control strategy design: The output of the controller is continuously adjusted through the logic control function to make the operating state of the power system reach or approach the set target value. The formula expression of the logic control function is: (4) In formula (4), T represents the execution time, express, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Represents the output signal of the proportional controller; 3) Control instruction generation: According to the logic control strategy, corresponding control instructions are generated in the controller, and these instructions are transmitted to the execution unit to control the operation of the power system; 4) The communication unit sends: Sending the control instruction to the execution unit through the communication unit; 5) Execution unit executes: After receiving the control instruction, the execution unit executes the corresponding operation control according to the signal output function and the instruction, including controlling the start and stop of the motor and speed adjustment, etc. (5) In formula (5), represents the output signal of the integral controller, Indicates time, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the integral coefficient, Represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value; 6) Data monitoring and feedback: Monitor the operation data of the power system in real time and feed back the monitoring results to the logic control circuit. The logic control circuit adjusts and optimizes the control strategy through the optimization function according to the feedback results and control objectives. (6) In formula (6), represents the output signal of the differential controller, Indicates time, represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Indicates the execution time, represents the execution time complexity, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output; 7) Loop execution: The above steps constitute a cycle, which continuously monitors and adjusts the operating status of the power system to achieve continuous logical control.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution, the security protection module includes a security monitoring unit, a power protection unit and a firewall; the security monitoring unit monitors network traffic, system logs and device status to achieve early warning of abnormal activities; the power protection unit achieves real-time monitoring and protection of the power supply through overload protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection; the firewall checks and filters data packets through preset rules and intrusion detection to prevent unauthorized access and defend against network attacks.

[0014] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention compared with the prior art are as follows: the present invention discloses an Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system, which realizes the protection of data information through an encryption protection algorithm, thereby improving the security performance of the communication of the Internet of Things collection and control system; realizes the logical control of the power system through a logic control algorithm, thereby improving the control efficiency of the power system; and performs multi-angle and in-depth analysis of the information collected by the sensor through a multimodal analysis unit, thereby improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of the data information. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to understand and grasp the technical solution more intuitively and clearly, when describing the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, drawings are often used to supplement and illustrate. It should be noted that the drawings are only one way of expressing the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art. In fact, the technical solution can also have other implementation methods and changes, which all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, technicians can design other drawings as needed to implement the technical solution of the present invention, among which, Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control module structure of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Internet of Things communication module of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the power consumption information collection module of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the data processing module of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention through the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of this invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of this invention, not all of the embodiments. At the same time, the description of well-known structures and technologies is omitted in the following description to avoid unnecessary confusion of the concepts of the present invention.

[0017] like Figure 1-Figure 5As shown, an Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system includes an MCU processor, an electricity consumption information collection module, a data processing module, an Internet of Things communication module, a human-computer interaction module, a control module and a security protection module; MCU processor, used to receive and process data from various modules; A control module is used to control the power consumption information collection device; the control module includes a power supply unit, a logic control unit, a controller and an instruction execution unit, the power supply unit uses a mechanical switching power supply to provide power to the control module; the logic control unit implements logic control of the operating state of the power system through a logic control algorithm; the controller uses an ESP8266 control chip to output control instructions; the instruction execution unit uses a mechanical control button to execute the control instructions transmitted by the controller to achieve control of the power consumption information collection process, the output end of the power supply unit is connected to the input end of the logic control unit, the output end of the logic control unit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the input end of the instruction execution unit; The power consumption information collection module is used to collect power consumption information in the power system; the power consumption information collection module is installed in the current transformer, voltage transformer and other sensors in the circuit, which can measure power-related parameters such as current, voltage, power, etc. These sensors convert the collected analog signals into digital signals for further processing and transmission.

[0018] A data processing module, used to calculate and process the collected electricity consumption information; An Internet of Things communication module, used to realize communication between each module and an external device; the Internet of Things communication module includes a wireless communication unit, a communication protocol unit, a data interface unit and a communication encryption unit. The wireless communication unit adopts WIFI wireless communication to realize data transmission between each module and between external devices; the communication protocol unit adopts MQTT transmission protocol to realize collaborative transmission between each module in the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; the data interface unit adopts I²C communication interface to realize data transmission and control with external devices; the communication encryption unit adopts encryption protection algorithm to realize protection of data information, the output end of the wireless communication unit is connected to the input end of the communication protocol unit, the output end of the communication protocol unit is connected to the input end of the data interface unit, and the output end of the data interface unit is connected to the input end of the communication encryption unit; Human-computer interaction module, used to support interaction between users and systems; Security protection module, used to ensure the safe operation of IoT acquisition and control systems; The output end of the MCU processor is respectively connected to the input ends of the power consumption information collection module, the data processing module, the Internet of Things communication module, the human-computer interaction module, the control module and the safety protection module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection module; the output end of the power consumption information collection module is connected to the input end of the data processing module; the output end of the data processing module is connected to the input end of the Internet of Things communication module; the output end of the Internet of Things communication module is connected to the input end of the human-computer interaction module; and the output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the input end of the safety protection module.

[0019] In a further embodiment, the MCU processor includes a memory, a timer, an I / O interface and an interrupt controller, wherein the memory uses a Micron MT47 chip to store data generated during the operation of the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; the timer provides a time reference for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system by setting a counting cycle and a preset value; the I / O interface transmits data signals with an external device through an electrical connection; and the interrupt controller configures different priorities for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system through an interrupt request IRQ signal.

[0020] The working principle of the MCU processor is as follows: the memory uses the Micron MT47 chip, which has the characteristics of high storage capacity and low power consumption, and can store the massive data generated by the Internet of Things acquisition and control system during operation; the timer is an important part of the MCU processor. It provides an accurate time reference for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system by setting the counting cycle and preset value. This high-precision time reference is crucial for the stable operation of the control system and can ensure the coordinated work between various sensors and actuators; the I / O interface is the channel for the MCU processor to transmit data signals to external devices. It uses an electrical connection method to transmit the data signal of the external device to the MCU processor in real time and accurately, and transmit the control signal processed by the MCU processor to the external device, realizing efficient communication between the device and the system; the interrupt controller configures different priorities for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system through the interrupt request IRQ signal. This priority configuration can ensure that in a multi-tasking environment, each task can be processed in order of priority, thereby improving the overall performance and response speed of the system.

[0021] In a further embodiment, the electricity consumption information collection module includes a sensor interface, a sensor unit, a smart meter and a concentrator. The sensor interface uses a cable to achieve connection and communication with the sensor; the sensor unit realizes measurement and collection of current, voltage, power, electricity and temperature in the power system through a sensor network; the smart meter measures and monitors changes in electricity consumption information through a CS5463 model metering chip; the concentrator concentrates data information of various collection devices through LoRa power line communication, the signal output end of the sensor interface is connected to the signal input end of the sensor unit, the signal output end of the sensor unit is connected to the signal input end of the smart meter, and the signal output end of the smart meter is connected to the signal input end of the concentrator.

[0022] The working principle of the power consumption information acquisition module is as follows: the sensor interface is the "entrance" of the entire acquisition module. It uses a cable to physically connect with the sensor to ensure the stable transmission of the signal. The design of the sensor interface fully considers the compatibility and stability of the signal to ensure the accuracy of the sensor data; the sensor unit measures and collects the current, voltage, power, electricity and temperature in the power system through the sensor network. These parameters are key indicators of the operation of the power system. Through the real-time monitoring of the sensor unit, the abnormal situation of the system can be discovered in time to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid; the smart meter is an important part of the acquisition module. It uses the CS5463 model metering chip as the core component for measuring and monitoring power consumption information. The chip has the characteristics of high precision and high stability, and can accurately measure and monitor the user's power consumption and power consumption information, providing accurate data support for the power company; the concentrator is the "exit" of the acquisition module. It concentrates the data information of each acquisition device through the LoRa power line communication technology. LoRa technology has excellent receiving sensitivity and super strong anti-interference, which can ensure the stable transmission and accurate reception of data. At the same time, the concentrator also has data processing and storage functions, which can analyze and process the collected data and provide decision support for the power company.

[0023] In a further embodiment, the data processing module includes an ADC converter, a data optimization unit, a multimodal analysis unit and a data calculation unit, wherein the ADC converter converts analog signals into digital signals for analysis and processing; the data optimization unit optimizes data by removing abnormal data, correcting errors and reducing noise; the multimodal analysis unit analyzes information collected by different sensors through the MCU processor to achieve multi-angle and in-depth data analysis; the data calculation unit calculates the electric energy value collected by the electricity consumption information collection system by multiplying the collected voltage and current by time, the output end of the ADC converter is connected to the input end of the data optimization unit, the output end of the data optimization unit is connected to the input end of the multimodal analysis unit, and the output end of the multimodal analysis unit is connected to the input end of the calculation unit.

[0024] In a further specific embodiment, an ADC converter (analog-to-digital converter) is responsible for converting analog signals (such as voltage and current signals) into digital signals. The ADC converter converts analog signals into digital values ​​through a sampling and quantization process. Sampling refers to obtaining the amplitude of a signal within a certain time interval, and quantization refers to mapping continuous amplitude values ​​to a limited number of digital levels. The data optimization unit is responsible for preprocessing the collected digital signals to improve data quality and processing efficiency. This may include denoising, filtering, data compression, etc. By applying various signal processing techniques, the data optimization unit can reduce noise interference, retain useful signal information, and may reduce the need for data transmission and storage. The multimodal analysis unit is responsible for processing and analyzing data from different sources or different modalities. It integrates different types of data (such as images, text, sound, etc.), and the multimodal analysis unit may use machine learning, data mining, and pattern recognition techniques to identify patterns and associations in the data, thereby providing deeper insights. The data computing unit is responsible for performing actual computing tasks, such as statistical analysis, predictive modeling, decision support, etc. Using mathematical algorithms and computational models, the data computing unit can process the data output by the optimization unit and the multimodal analysis unit to generate useful information and support decision making. In actual system design, these units may be integrated on a single hardware platform or distributed on multiple computing nodes.

[0025] In a specific embodiment, the data optimization unit can improve the calculated value of the magnitude of the current flowing through the AC sampling algorithm. In a specific embodiment, the multimodal analysis unit can perform multi-form analysis on the sampled data information.

[0026] In a specific embodiment, the data calculation unit can calculate the number of lines or fault information values ​​in the process of metering fault diagnosis. When the power consumption information collection system is running, the alarm threshold is mainly calculated by the AC sampling algorithm to calculate the magnitude of the current flowing through. In the process of metering fault, the continuous current function of a single line I The expression can be expressed as: , which represents a sampling period of a single line, Represents the current function flowing through the line per unit time. Applying a single sampling period to the entire metering fault diagnosis process gives the total current function I 0: , where Indicates the number of lines in the metering fault diagnosis process, Represents the current function flowing through the entire circuit. The setting of alarm thresholds is usually based on the monitoring of electrical energy parameters such as current and voltage to detect potential electrical faults or abnormal conditions. In the AC sampling algorithm, the magnitude of the current is determined by sampling and quantization. Since the AC sampling interval is determined by the timer, it will be affected by the clock cycle, which will lead to the appearance of errors: T Indicates the error in the sampling interval. is the clock period of the timer sampling, is the timer sampling interval, Represents the angle of the function curve. Divide this error into two equal parts so that each timer corresponds to a sampling interval. This method of starting sampling at the same time is called synchronous sampling. The total time is : The comprehensive comparison results are ,in Represents the rounding function, it can be seen , which greatly reduces the error caused by the timer interval.

[0027] The determination of alarm thresholds is usually based on safety standards, equipment tolerance, and possible fault conditions. When setting alarm thresholds, you may need to consider the following factors: the rated current and overload capacity of the equipment, safety standards and regulatory requirements, the sensitivity of fault detection, the reliability and stability of the system, etc. In actual monitoring, the system samples the current value in real time and compares it with the set alarm threshold. If the sampled value exceeds the threshold, the system will trigger an alarm, notify the user or initiate protective measures.

[0028] When the data changes continuously, in order to process this data in a digital system, it is necessary to convert the continuous time function into a discrete time function through the sampling process. This is a common method in electrical information acquisition systems, especially when monitoring and analyzing current. The following is the value of the continuous signal obtained by sampling within a certain time interval when the current is sampled and calculated by the electrical information acquisition system. The sampling frequency (fs) refers to the number of samples per second, which determines the resolution of the discrete time function. The sampling frequency should be higher than twice the highest frequency component in the signal to avoid aliasing. Then quantization calculation is performed, and when quantization calculation is performed, the continuous amplitude value obtained by sampling is converted into a finite discrete level. The quantization process usually involves dividing the amplitude range of the continuous signal into several equal parts, each of which represents a quantization level. The sampled and quantized signal is converted into a digital representation, usually a binary number, which represents the amplitude of each sampling point. When calculating data information, calculation refers to mathematical processing of the sampled digital signal, such as summation, averaging, integration, etc. Calculate the sum of the current over a period of time (accumulated current), or analyze the spectral components of the current through discrete Fourier transform (DFT). The processed digital signal needs to be transmitted to the data processing center or stored in an appropriate medium. During the transmission and storage process, the corresponding data format and standards need to be followed to ensure the integrity and accuracy of the data.

[0029] When the data changes continuously, the continuous time function is: ; The current generated in this continuous time has a decay effect. This decay current determines the size of the error to a certain extent. After correction, the non-periodic current function is obtained: ; in, , when there is interference in the system, the sum of the current components of each part is: ; This kind of current is usually alternating current with a period of All AC currents are converted into DC current functions: ; For the sake of simplicity, we will use parameter substitution here to get the value and set the substitution parameter A , B Respectively represent: ; So we finally get the AC sampling function The results are: After processing, the result of the AC sampling algorithm of the metering device is finally obtained, and the current threshold of the fault alarm is calculated, so as to carry out data information control.

[0030] In practical applications, the power consumption information collection system will select the appropriate sampling rate and quantization level according to the specific application requirements. For example, in the power system, in order to monitor the stability and security of the power grid, high-precision sampling and calculation may be required to detect abnormal situations in time and respond. In some industrial control systems, the requirements for real-time performance may be higher, which requires faster sampling rates and effective data processing algorithms.

[0031] The working principle of the data processing module is as follows: the ADC converter, as a key conversion device from analog signals to digital signals, converts the analog signals collected by various sensors into digital signals that can be processed by computers in real time and accurately. Such a conversion process not only ensures the originality of the data, but also ensures the high quality of the data, providing a reliable data basis for subsequent data processing and analysis; the data optimization unit begins to process the converted data, and the data optimization unit uses advanced data processing algorithms to remove abnormal data, correct errors, and optimize the data by reducing noise and other methods. Such a processing process is intended to improve the accuracy and reliability of the data, and provide more accurate and valuable data support for subsequent data analysis and decision-making; the data calculation unit accurately calculates the electric energy value collected by the power consumption information collection system by multiplying the collected voltage and current by time. This process is the core link of power system management. Through accurate calculation and real-time feedback, the normal operation and efficient management of the power system are ensured; the multimodal analysis unit analyzes the information collected by different sensors through the MCU processor, realizing multi-angle and multi-level data analysis of the power system. This function enables the data processing module to fully and deeply understand the operating status of the power system, providing strong support for the optimization management and intelligent decision-making of the power system.

[0032] In a further embodiment, the encryption protection algorithm works as follows: 1) Initialization: Initialize the key, encryption mode and padding method. 2) Data encryption: The plaintext data is encoded and encrypted using a key. During the encryption process, the plaintext data is divided into multiple blocks. Each block is encrypted and encrypted multiple times according to the encryption function. Each round of encryption uses different algorithm parameters to increase the encryption strength. The encryption function is expressed as follows: (1) In formula (1), Indicates the current order of the function, Indicates the function termination value, represents the product of two prime numbers, represents the prime number 1, represents the prime number 2, Represents the encryption key value, An integer representing the value of the function, Represents the remainder operation; 3) Data decryption: The ciphertext data is decoded and then decrypted using the key. Each block is decrypted multiple times using a decryption function. The formula of the decryption function is: (2) (3) In formulas (2)-(3), Represents ciphertext, represents an integer, represents the index, represents the remainder operation, represents the product of two prime numbers, Indicates the function termination value, Indicates the current order, Represents an integer; 4) Key management: Manage the generation, distribution, storage and update of keys, and use multiple authentication methods to enhance key security; 5) Exception handling: Perform anomaly detection, anomaly handling, and anomaly recovery on abnormal conditions such as key leakage and system crash.

[0033] The working principle of the encryption protection algorithm is as follows: the role of the encryption protection algorithm is to provide a complete process of data encryption and decryption, ensure the security of data transmission and storage, and prevent data from being accessed and tampered by unauthorized personnel during transmission and storage; the problem solved by the encryption algorithm is data leakage and tampering. Through the management of keys and the implementation of encryption algorithms, it is ensured that only legitimate users can access and process data, and illegal users cannot obtain and tamper with data; the method of implementing the encryption protection algorithm is through the cooperation of software programming and hardware equipment. First, it is necessary to design and implement encryption algorithms and key management algorithms, including initialization setting values, data encryption, data decryption and key management steps. In the process of implementing these algorithm steps, through, the function termination value , the product of two prime numbers , Encryption Key Value Sum and remainder operations The calculated formula To generate the key, and pass the formula and Decrypt the formula; then, the hardware and software devices, such as servers, storage devices, soft operating systems and databases, are needed to support the operation of these algorithms. At the same time, the comparative differences between the encryption protection algorithm and the AES algorithm are shown in Table 1: Table 1 Comparison and differences between encryption protection algorithms and AES algorithms

[0034] In summary, the data analysis efficiency and decryption efficiency of the encryption protection algorithm are better than those of the AES algorithm. Therefore, it can be seen that the encryption protection algorithm is the best choice for the present invention.

[0035] In a further embodiment, the human-computer interaction module includes a permission management unit, a remote sensor node and a human-computer interaction unit, wherein the permission management unit realizes the allocation and management of data access rights by restricting the user's access conditions to the data; the remote sensor node receives the data information collected by the sensor unit through the CC2530 communication chip; the human-computer interaction unit uses a liquid crystal display screen to realize real-time viewing of the power system operation status, data trends and alarm information, the signal output end of the permission management unit is connected to the signal input end of the remote sensor node, and the signal output end of the remote sensor node is connected to the signal input end of the human-computer interaction unit.

[0036] The working principle of the human-computer interaction module is as follows: the authority management unit is responsible for allocating and managing the user's access rights to data. By setting different access conditions, the authority management unit can ensure that each user in the power system can only access the data that he has the authority to access, thereby avoiding the risk of data leakage and abuse. At the same time, the authority management unit can also monitor and control the user's access rights in real time according to the user's operation records and behavior patterns to ensure the safety and stability of the power system; the remote sensor node receives the data information collected by the sensor unit through the built-in CC2530 communication chip. These sensor units are distributed on various key nodes and devices in the power system. They can monitor and collect key parameters such as voltage, current, power, temperature, etc. of the power system in real time, and transmit the data information to the remote sensor node through the wireless network. Through these real-time data information, users can understand the operating status and data trends of the power system at any time, and discover and deal with potential problems in time; the human-computer interaction unit uses a liquid crystal display to realize the real-time viewing of the operating status, data trends and alarm information of the power system. Users can intuitively understand the various operating indicators and data information of the power system through the human-computer interaction unit, including real-time data of key parameters such as voltage, current, power, temperature, as well as data trends and alarm information. At the same time, users can also remotely monitor and control the power system through the human-computer interaction unit to achieve comprehensive management and optimization of the power system.

[0037] In a further embodiment, the working method of the logic control algorithm is: 1) Data collection and processing: Collect the operation data of the power system in real time through sensor equipment, including voltage, current, power, frequency and temperature data; 2) Logic control strategy design: The output of the controller is continuously adjusted through the logic control function to make the operating state of the power system reach or approach the set target value. The formula expression of the logic control function is: (4) In formula (4), T represents the execution time, express, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Represents the output signal of the proportional controller; 3) Control instruction generation: According to the logic control strategy, corresponding control instructions are generated in the controller, and these instructions are transmitted to the execution unit to control the operation of the power system; 4) The communication unit sends: Sending the control instruction to the execution unit through the communication unit; 5) Execution unit executes: After receiving the control instruction, the execution unit executes the corresponding operation control according to the signal output function and the instruction, including controlling the start and stop of the motor and speed adjustment, etc. (5) In formula (5), represents the output signal of the integral controller, Indicates time, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the integral coefficient, Represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value; 6) Data monitoring and feedback: Monitor the operation data of the power system in real time and feed back the monitoring results to the logic control circuit. The logic control circuit adjusts and optimizes the control strategy through the optimization function according to the feedback results and control objectives. (6) In formula (6), represents the output signal of the differential controller, Indicates time, represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Indicates the execution time, represents the execution time complexity, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output; 7) Loop execution: The above steps constitute a cycle, which continuously monitors and adjusts the operating status of the power system to achieve continuous logical control.

[0038] The working principle of the logic control algorithm is: the function of the logic control algorithm is to monitor and adjust the operating status of the power system in real time to ensure the stable operation and high efficiency of the power system. The specific implementation of the logic control algorithm is that through data acquisition and processing, the logic control algorithm can obtain the real-time operating data of the power system, and through the proportional coefficient , the error between the controller input signal and the expected value and the output signal of the proportional controller Get the formula To achieve control output, provide accurate data support for subsequent control strategy design and execution. Through logical control strategy design and control instruction generation, the algorithm can generate corresponding control instructions according to the actual operating status of the power system and output the end value through the signal. , integral coefficient The error between the controller input signal and the expected value Get the formula The data is sent to the execution unit through the communication unit to achieve precise control of the power system. At the same time, through data monitoring and feedback, the logic control algorithm can monitor the operation data of the power system in real time, and the error between the input signal of the controller and the expected value is , Execution time Execution time complexity Signal output start value Sum signal output end value Generator Perform optimization calculations, and adjust and optimize the control strategy through optimization functions according to the feedback results and control objectives to ensure that the operating state of the power system reaches or approaches the set target value; the problems solved by the logic control algorithm mainly include stable operation, performance optimization and fault handling of the power system. By real-time monitoring and adjusting the operating state of the power system, the logic control algorithm can prevent potential power failures and ensure the stable operation of the power system. At the same time, through performance optimization, the logic control algorithm can improve the operating efficiency and reliability of the power system; at the same time, the differences between the logic control algorithm and the data clustering algorithm are shown in Table 2: Table 2 Differences between the logic control algorithm and the data clustering algorithm

[0039] In summary, the generation efficiency, instruction execution efficiency and data optimization efficiency of the logic control algorithm are better than those of the data clustering algorithm. It can be seen that the logic control algorithm is the best choice for the present invention.

[0040] In a further embodiment, the security protection module includes a security monitoring unit, a power protection unit and a firewall; the security monitoring unit monitors network traffic, system logs and device status to achieve early warning of abnormal activities; the power protection unit achieves real-time monitoring and protection of the power supply through overload protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection; the firewall checks and filters data packets through preset rules and intrusion detection to prevent unauthorized access and defend against network attacks.

[0041] The working principle of the security protection module is as follows: the functions of the security monitoring unit are very powerful and diverse. The security monitoring unit can provide timely warnings for any abnormal activities by real-time monitoring of network traffic, system logs and device status. No matter it is malicious traffic in the network, illegal operations in the system, or even failures of the device itself, they cannot escape its "eyes". Therefore, it can not only help us find problems in time, but also provide warnings as soon as problems occur, thereby avoiding possible safety risks; the power protection unit uses a series of protection mechanisms, such as overload protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection. It can monitor and protect the power supply in real time. Whether it is overload or short circuit, or even overvoltage and undervoltage problems, it can detect and deal with them in time. In this way, even in extreme cases, it can ensure the normal operation of the equipment and avoid safety hazards caused by power supply problems. The firewall is the last line of defense of the module. Through preset rules and intrusion detection, it can comprehensively check and filter data packets. Whether it is malicious attacks from the outside or illegal access from the inside, it can be effectively blocked. At the same time, it can also quickly process legal data packets according to preset rules, thereby ensuring efficient operation of the network.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the control module is responsible for controlling various sensors and devices to achieve automated management and control of the equipment. The power consumption information acquisition module is responsible for collecting and processing the power consumption information of the power equipment, including real-time monitoring and recording of parameters such as voltage, current, and power; the data processing module is used to process and analyze the received data, generate various reports and charts, and provide decision support for users. The Internet of Things communication module is the communication interface of the entire system, responsible for data exchange and communication with other devices or systems; the human-computer interaction module provides an interactive interface between the user and the system, allowing the user to easily operate and monitor the system. The security protection module is responsible for ensuring the security of the system and preventing unauthorized access and attacks; this system connects each module closely together through the MCU processor to form a complete and efficient power information acquisition and control system, which can effectively improve the operating efficiency and service quality of the power system.

[0043] Although the present invention has been described by the above specific embodiments, it should be understood by the technician that these embodiments are provided only as examples and do not limit the scope and application of the present invention. Without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, the technician can make various omissions, substitutions and changes to the present invention to achieve results with substantially similar functions, and these embodiments also belong to the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An Internet of Things collection and control system operated by an electricity consumption information collection system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an MCU processor and a control module connected to the MCU processor, an electricity information collection module, a data processing module, an Internet of Things communication module, a human-computer interaction module and a security protection module; wherein: The MCU processor is used to receive and process data from each module; The control module is used to control the power consumption information collection device; the control module includes a power supply unit, a logic control unit, a controller and an instruction execution unit, the power supply unit uses a mechanical switching power supply to provide power for the control module; the logic control unit implements logic control of the operating state of the power system through a logic control algorithm; the controller uses an ESP8266 control chip to output control instructions; the instruction execution unit uses a mechanical control button to execute the control instructions transmitted by the controller to achieve control of the power consumption information collection process, the output end of the power supply unit is connected to the input end of the logic control unit, the output end of the logic control unit is connected to the input end of the controller, and the output end of the controller is connected to the input end of the instruction execution unit; The power consumption information collection module is used to collect power consumption information in the power system; A data processing module, used to calculate and process the collected electricity consumption information; An Internet of Things communication module, used to realize communication between each module and an external device; the Internet of Things communication module includes a wireless communication unit, a communication protocol unit, a data interface unit and a communication encryption unit. The wireless communication unit adopts WIFI wireless communication to realize data transmission between each module and between external devices; the communication protocol unit adopts MQTT transmission protocol to realize collaborative transmission between each module in the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; the data interface unit adopts I²C communication interface to realize data transmission and control with external devices; the communication encryption unit adopts encryption protection algorithm to realize protection of data information, the output end of the wireless communication unit is connected to the input end of the communication protocol unit, the output end of the communication protocol unit is connected to the input end of the data interface unit, and the output end of the data interface unit is connected to the input end of the communication encryption unit; Human-computer interaction module, used to support interaction between users and systems; Security protection module, used to ensure the safe operation of IoT acquisition and control systems; The output end of the MCU processor is respectively connected to the input ends of the power consumption information collection module, the data processing module, the Internet of Things communication module, the human-computer interaction module, the control module and the safety protection module; the output end of the control module is connected to the input end of the power consumption information collection module; the output end of the power consumption information collection module is connected to the input end of the data processing module; the output end of the data processing module is connected to the input end of the Internet of Things communication module; the output end of the Internet of Things communication module is connected to the input end of the human-computer interaction module; and the output end of the human-computer interaction module is connected to the input end of the safety protection module.

2. The Internet of Things collection and control system operated by the power consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The MCU processor includes a memory, a timer, an I / O interface and an interrupt controller, and the memory uses a Micron MT47 chip to store data generated during the operation of the Internet of Things acquisition and control system; The timer provides a time reference for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system by setting a counting cycle and a preset value; the I / O interface transmits data signals with external devices through electrical connection; and the interrupt controller configures different priorities for the Internet of Things acquisition and control system through an interrupt request IRQ signal.

3. The Internet of Things collection and control system operated by the power consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The electricity consumption information collection module includes a sensor interface, a sensor unit, a smart meter and a concentrator. The sensor interface uses a cable to achieve connection and communication with the sensor; the sensor unit measures and collects current, voltage, power, electricity and temperature in the power system through a sensor network; the smart meter measures and monitors changes in electricity consumption information through a CS5463 metering chip; The concentrator concentrates data information of each collection device through LoRa power line communication, the signal output end of the sensor interface is connected to the signal input end of the sensor unit, the signal output end of the sensor unit is connected to the signal input end of the smart meter, and the signal output end of the smart meter is connected to the signal input end of the concentrator.

4. The Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The data processing module includes an ADC converter, a data optimization unit, a multimodal analysis unit and a data calculation unit. The ADC converter converts analog signals into digital signals for analysis and processing; the data optimization unit optimizes data by removing abnormal data, correcting errors and reducing noise; the multimodal analysis unit analyzes information collected by different sensors through the MCU processor to achieve multi-angle and in-depth data analysis; the data calculation unit calculates the electric energy value collected by the power consumption information collection system by multiplying the collected voltage and current by time, the output end of the ADC converter is connected to the input end of the data optimization unit, the output end of the data optimization unit is connected to the input end of the multimodal analysis unit, and the output end of the multimodal analysis unit is connected to the input end of the calculation unit.

5. The Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working method of the encryption protection algorithm is: 1) Initialization: Initialize the key, encryption mode and padding method. 2) Data encryption: The plaintext data is encoded and encrypted using a key. During the encryption process, the plaintext data is divided into multiple blocks. Each block is encrypted and encrypted multiple times according to the encryption function. Each round of encryption uses different algorithm parameters to increase the encryption strength. The encryption function is expressed as follows: （1） In formula (1), Indicates the current order of the function, Indicates the function termination value, represents the product of two prime numbers, represents the prime number 1, represents the prime number 2, Represents the encryption key value, An integer representing the value of the function, Represents the remainder operation; 3) Data decryption: The ciphertext data is decoded and then decrypted using the key. Each block is decrypted multiple times using a decryption function. The formula of the decryption function is: （2） （3） In formulas (2)-(3), Represents ciphertext, represents an integer, represents the index, represents the remainder operation, represents the product of two prime numbers, Indicates the function termination value, Indicates the current order. Represents an integer; 4) Key management: Manage the generation, distribution, storage and update of keys, and use multiple authentication methods to enhance key security; 5) Exception handling: Perform anomaly detection, anomaly handling, and anomaly recovery on abnormal conditions such as key leakage and system crash.

6. The Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The human-computer interaction module includes an authority management unit, a remote sensor node and a human-computer interaction unit. The authority management unit realizes the allocation and management of data access rights by limiting the user's access conditions to the data; the remote sensor node receives the data information collected by the sensor unit through the CC2530 communication chip; the human-computer interaction unit uses a liquid crystal display screen to realize real-time viewing of the power system operation status, data trends and alarm information, the signal output end of the authority management unit is connected to the signal input end of the remote sensor node, and the signal output end of the remote sensor node is connected to the signal input end of the human-computer interaction unit.

7. The Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The working method of the logic control algorithm is: 1) Data collection and processing: Collect the operation data of the power system in real time through sensor equipment, including voltage, current, power, frequency and temperature data; 2) Logic control strategy design: The output of the controller is continuously adjusted through the logic control function to make the operating state of the power system reach or approach the set target value. The formula expression of the logic control function is: （4） In formula (4), T represents the execution time, express, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Represents the output signal of the proportional controller; 3) Control instruction generation: According to the logic control strategy, corresponding control instructions are generated in the controller, and these instructions are transmitted to the execution unit to control the operation of the power system; 4) The communication unit sends: Sending the control instruction to the execution unit through the communication unit; 5) Execution unit executes: After receiving the control instruction, the execution unit executes the corresponding operation control according to the signal output function and the instruction, including controlling the start and stop of the motor and speed adjustment, etc. （5） In formula (5), represents the output signal of the integral controller, Indicates time, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output. represents the integral coefficient, Represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value; 6) Data monitoring and feedback: Monitor the operation data of the power system in real time and feed back the monitoring results to the logic control circuit. The logic control circuit adjusts and optimizes the control strategy through the optimization function according to the feedback results and control objectives. （6） In formula (6), represents the output signal of the differential controller, Indicates time, represents the proportionality coefficient, represents the error between the controller's input signal and the expected value, Indicates the execution time, represents the execution time complexity, Indicates the signal output start value, Indicates the end value of signal output; 7) Loop execution: The above steps constitute a cycle, which continuously monitors and adjusts the operating status of the power system to achieve continuous logical control.

8. The Internet of Things collection and control system for the operation of an electricity consumption information collection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The security protection module includes a security monitoring unit, a power protection unit and a firewall; the security monitoring unit monitors network traffic, system logs and device status to achieve early warning of abnormal activities; The power protection unit realizes real-time monitoring and protection of the power supply through overload protection, short circuit protection, overvoltage protection and undervoltage protection; the firewall checks and filters data packets through preset rules and intrusion detection to prevent unauthorized access and defend against network attacks.

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