Method and device for achieving groove following cutting control precision improvement processing in numerical control system, processor and readable storage medium of processor

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving the control precision of a groove following cutting in a numerical control system, which comprises the following steps of: calculating the center position of the bottom surface of a nozzle after rotating around a cutting point by a certain angle to obtain the displacement required to move by an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis; displacement needing to be compensated is calculated according to the swing shaft rotation angle, the cutting height and the nozzle radius; the displacement needing to be compensated is added to the motion displacement calculated by the RTCP, and the compensated displacement is obtained through calculation; and the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis of the machine tool are controlled according to the compensated displacement. The invention further relates to a device, a processor and a computer readable storage medium for achieving groove following cutting control precision improvement processing in the numerical control system. According to the method, the device, the processor and the computer readable storage medium for realizing the improvement processing of the groove following cutting control precision in the numerical control system, the position of the nozzle after the swing shaft RTCP is rotated is compensated, so that the distance between the nozzle and the plate after the swing shaft is rotated is the same as that in the vertical direction, the cutting effect is improved, and the risk of plate collision can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser cutting processing, in particular to the field of machine tool control technology, and specifically refers to a method, device, processor and computer-readable storage medium thereof for realizing groove following cutting control precision improvement processing in a numerical control system. Background Art

[0002] The RTCP (Rotation Tool Center Point) function of the five-axis machine tool is an advanced machine tool control technology. It enables the tool center point (cutting point) to remain in a fixed position relative to the workpiece during five-axis machining, even when the machine tool is moving the rotation axis (such as the A axis or B axis, etc.). This technology is also crucial for laser beveling of complex curved surfaces. However, during laser cutting, it is necessary not only to ensure that the cutting point remains in a fixed position relative to the workpiece, but also to ensure that the cutting height remains consistent. If only the RTCP function is used for control, the process requirement of consistent cutting height cannot be guaranteed. In order to achieve higher cutting accuracy and better cutting effect, compensation adjustment is required. At the same time, when the nozzle radius is large and the swing axis deflection angle is also large, the nozzle is prone to hit the plate, which may cause mechanical damage.

[0003] Patent CN114952026 discloses a groove cutting compensation method, which includes the following steps: calibrating the cutting head; obtaining the actual distance between the cutting head and the cutting part just before the groove cutting starts; and compensating the coordinate origin of the cutting head according to the actual distance.

[0004] Patent CN109967893 invented a laser cutting compensation method, which calculates the compensation amount of laser cutting according to the sagging height of the profile and the inclination angle of the laser cutting head compared to the beveled surface, and corrects the cutting trajectory of the laser cutting head with the compensation amount. This process enables the laser cutting head to adjust the angle and position according to the compensation value before emitting light, effectively solving the path misalignment problem caused by the sagging of the profile in laser bevel cutting.

[0005] Patent CN115685873 provides a compensation method for bevel cutting of a laser cutting machine. The compensation method calculates the inclination angle of the pipe through follow-up calibration and four-point centering process, and corrects the cutting trajectory of the compensation cutting head with a preset compensation amount; the compensation value is detected based on the difference between the follow-up height after compensation and the follow-up height during actual cutting to determine whether the compensation value is within the error range.

[0006] Patent CN117102701 discloses a compensation control method for groove cutting height, which includes the following steps: obtaining the capacitance measurement value between the laser gun head and the pipe surface; correcting the capacitance measurement value according to the inclination angle of the laser gun head; obtaining the height compensation value of the laser gun head based on the corrected capacitance measurement value; generating a mean pulse signal according to the height compensation value; performing FIR filtering on the mean pulse signal to obtain a height compensation control signal; and controlling the motion of the height adjustment axis or height adjustment joint of the laser gun head based on the height compensation control signal.

[0007] The current compensation method for improving groove accuracy mainly focuses on compensating for the inclination of pipes or profiles and processing the capacitor data used for following, but does not take into account the impact of RTCP rotation on cutting height. Therefore, a method is needed to compensate for the inaccurate cutting height after RTCP movement. Summary of the invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a method, device, processor and computer-readable storage medium for improving the control precision of groove following cutting in a CNC system which has good accuracy, good cutting effect and a wide range of applications.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the method, device, processor and computer-readable storage medium for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention are as follows:

[0010] The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system is mainly characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

[0011] (1) Use RTCP to calculate the center position of the bottom surface of the nozzle after rotating a certain angle around the cutting point, and obtain the displacement required for the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis;

[0012] (2) Calculate the displacement to be compensated based on the swing axis rotation angle, cutting height, and nozzle radius;

[0013] (3) Add the displacement to be compensated to the motion displacement calculated by RTCP to calculate the compensated displacement;

[0014] (4) Control the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the machine tool according to the compensated displacement.

[0015] Preferably, the displacement to be compensated in step (2) is calculated as follows:

[0016] The displacement that needs to be compensated is calculated according to the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] in,

[0019]

[0020] Among them, Δx, Δy and Δz are the displacements that need to be compensated for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis respectively, θ1 and θ2 are the rotation angles of the A-axis and B-axis respectively, r is the nozzle radius, Δx s and Δz s The compensation displacements in the plane where the rotation angle is located are respectively, and h is the cutting height when the swing axis is in the vertical state.

[0021] Preferably, the displacement after compensation calculated in step (3) is specifically:

[0022] The displacement after compensation is calculated according to the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] Among them, x1, y1 and z1 are the displacements after compensation, and x0, y0 and z0 are the displacements that need to be moved on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis.

[0025] Preferably, the step (4) is specifically as follows:

[0026] During the movement, each tool path point controls the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis according to the compensated displacement, so that the height from the board is consistent during actual cutting.

[0027] Preferably, when the swing axis structure of the machine tool is a BC double swing head structure and the C axis does not change the Z axis position during the rotation process, the method is calculated according to the single swing axis B axis.

[0028] Preferably, the method described above is used in a machine tool structure of a turntable-swing axis structure, that is, the B axis is the turntable and the A axis is the swing axis, and the calculation is performed according to the single swing axis A axis.

[0029] The main feature of the device for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system is that the device comprises:

[0030] a processor configured to execute computer executable instructions;

[0031] The memory stores one or more computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned numerical control system are implemented.

[0032] The processor in the numerical control system for realizing the processing of improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting has the main feature that the processor is configured to execute computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the various steps of the method for realizing the processing of improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned numerical control system are realized.

[0033] The computer-readable storage medium has the main feature of storing a computer program thereon, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the various steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned numerical control system.

[0034] The method, device, processor and computer-readable storage medium thereof for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system of the present invention are adopted to compensate for the nozzle position after the swing shaft RTCP rotates, so that the height of the nozzle from the plate after the swing shaft rotates is the same as in the vertical direction, thereby improving the cutting effect; and since the height from the plate can remain unchanged, the risk of hitting the plate can be effectively reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The present invention is a flow chart of a method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle position after RTCP rotation in the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the nozzle position after compensation in the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the combined angle θs of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to more clearly describe the technical content of the present invention, a further description is given below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0040] (1) Use RTCP to calculate the center position of the bottom surface of the nozzle after rotating a certain angle around the cutting point, and obtain the displacement required for the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis;

[0041] (2) Calculate the displacement to be compensated based on the swing axis rotation angle, cutting height, and nozzle radius;

[0042] (3) Add the displacement to be compensated to the motion displacement calculated by RTCP to calculate the compensated displacement;

[0043] (4) Control the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the machine tool according to the compensated displacement.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the displacement to be compensated in step (2) is calculated as follows:

[0045] The displacement that needs to be compensated is calculated according to the following formula:

[0046]

[0047] in,

[0048]

[0049] Among them, Δx, Δy and Δz are the displacements that need to be compensated for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis respectively, θ1 and θ2 are the rotation angles of the A-axis and B-axis respectively, r is the nozzle radius, Δx s and Δz s The compensation displacements in the plane where the rotation angle is located are respectively, and h is the cutting height when the swing axis is in the vertical state.

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the displacement after compensation is calculated in step (3), specifically:

[0051] The displacement after compensation is calculated according to the following formula:

[0052]

[0053] Among them, x1, y1 and z1 are the displacements after compensation, and x0, y0 and z0 are the displacements that need to be moved on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis.

[0054] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step (4) is specifically as follows:

[0055] During the movement, each tool path point controls the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis according to the compensated displacement, so that the height from the board is consistent during actual cutting.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method described above is calculated according to a single swing axis B axis when the swing axis structure of the machine tool is a BC double swing head structure and the C axis does not change the Z axis position during rotation.

[0057] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method described is used in a machine tool structure of a turntable-swing axis structure, that is, the B axis is the turntable and the A axis is the swing axis, and the calculation is performed according to the single swing axis A axis.

[0058] The device for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system of the present invention comprises:

[0059] a processor configured to execute computer executable instructions;

[0060] The memory stores one or more computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned numerical control system are implemented.

[0061] The processor in the CNC system of the present invention is used to realize the processing of improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting, wherein the processor is configured to execute computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the various steps of the method for realizing the processing of improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned CNC system are realized.

[0062] The computer-readable storage medium of the present invention stores a computer program thereon, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the various steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the above-mentioned numerical control system.

[0063] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the purpose is to provide a method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting, so as to improve the accuracy of cutting groove graphics, while achieving the effect of more conveniently adjusting the groove cutting process, and reducing the risk of the cutting head hitting the plate.

[0064] In view of the accuracy problem of laser bevel cutting, the present invention provides a method for improving the control accuracy of bevel following cutting, and its characteristic steps are as follows, and its flow chart is as follows: Figure 1 shown.

[0065] S1. Use the RTCP function to calculate the center position of the bottom surface of the nozzle after rotating a certain angle around the cutting point, and obtain the displacement required for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis.

[0066] S2. Calculate the displacement to be compensated according to the swing axis rotation angle, cutting height and nozzle radius, and add it to the motion displacement calculated by RTCP to obtain the compensated displacement.

[0067] S3. Control the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis to move according to the compensated displacement to ensure that the height of the nozzle from the plate remains unchanged, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the cutting accuracy.

[0068] The specific calculation method of the compensation displacement in step S2 is as follows:

[0069] like Figure 2As shown. Assume that the swing axis structure rotates around the Y axis (rotates around the B axis), where point O is the cutting point, point A is the center point of the nozzle bottom, and h1 is the cutting height when the swing axis is in the vertical state. When the swing axis performs RTCP motion, the nozzle will rotate around point O. After the swing axis rotates by angle θ, point B is the center point of the nozzle bottom, and h2 is the cutting height when the swing axis is in the deflection state. At this time, the displacement of point B relative to point O is:

[0070]

[0071] At the same time, the height of the nozzle bottom center from the plate can be obtained:

[0072] h2=h1cosθ

[0073] It can be seen that if the movement is completely in accordance with the RTCP function, the height of the nozzle from the plate after the swing axis is deflected is lower than that in the vertical state. In order to make the height from the plate the same as in the vertical state, the displacement of the nozzle center needs to be compensated. At the same time, in order to achieve higher control accuracy, this method further compensates according to the nozzle radius, that is, to ensure that the height from the plate at the lowest point of the bottom of the nozzle is the same as the height from the plate in the vertical state. The position of the nozzle after compensation is as follows Figure 3 As shown. Point C is the center point of the nozzle bottom after compensation, point D is the lowest point of the nozzle bottom, r is the nozzle radius, and h3 is the height of the nozzle from the plate after compensation (equal to h1). Based on the geometric relationship, the displacement that needs to be compensated can be obtained:

[0074]

[0075] When the machine tool has two swing axes and the rotation direction is around the X axis and Y axis (around the A axis and B axis), it is assumed that the RTCP function is used to rotate the machine tool around the X axis and Y axis by θ1 and θ2 respectively. At this time, the combined rotation angle θ can be obtained. s (the complementary angle between the normal vector of the nozzle bottom plane and the cutting plane), such as Figure 4 shown.

[0076]

[0077] Similarly, the compensation displacement in the plane where the combined rotation angle is located is:

[0078]

[0079] According to the geometric relationship, the displacements that need to be compensated in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions are:

[0080]

[0081] in:

[0082] ​

[0083] So far, the compensation displacement of the double swing head structure is obtained.

[0084] After the compensation displacement is obtained, the compensated displacement is calculated as follows:

[0085] Compensated displacement = displacement calculated by RTCP + compensated displacement.

[0086] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting of the present invention takes a five-axis AB double-swing head plane groove machine tool as an example, and requires the control system of the machine tool to have the function of RTCP rotation. When using the method of the present invention, the following steps are included.

[0087] S1. According to the groove tool path and cutting height to be processed, use the RTCP function of the machine tool system to calculate the position where the center of the bottom of the nozzle needs to move.

[0088] S2. Calculate the compensation displacement according to the method of the present invention. The specific method is as follows:

[0089] From the bevel tool path file, we can get the rotation angle of each swing head of the double swing head structure at each cutting position, and then combine the nozzle radius and cutting height to get the displacement that needs to be compensated as follows. Assume that the displacements that need to be compensated for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis are Δx, Δy and Δz respectively; the rotation angles of the A-axis and B-axis are θ1 and θ2 respectively; and the nozzle radius is r.

[0090]

[0091] in:

[0092]

[0093] S3. Add the compensation displacement of each tool path point to the displacement required for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis movement calculated by the RTCP function to obtain the displacement of each tool path point after compensation.

[0094] The specific calculation method is as follows: Assume that the displacements of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis required to be moved by the RTCP function are x0, y0, and z0 respectively; the displacements after compensation are x1, y1, and z1.

[0095]

[0096] S4. During the movement, each tool path point controls the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis of the machine tool according to the compensated displacement, so that the height of the board is consistent during actual cutting, thereby achieving the effect of improving cutting accuracy.

[0097] If the swing axis structure of the machine tool is a BC double swing head structure, and the C axis does not change the Z axis position during the rotation process, the calculation can be performed according to the single swing axis B axis, that is, the method of the present invention is also applicable to the five-axis machine tool with a BC double swing head structure, and by analogy, it can be applied to other groove machine tools with double swing head structures.

[0098] If the machine tool structure is a turntable-swing axis structure, for example, a five-axis tube cutting machine with the B axis as the turntable and the A axis as the swing axis, the method of the present invention can be calculated according to the single swing axis A axis, that is, the method of the present invention is also applicable to the five-axis tube cutting machine with B turntable-A swing axis, and by analogy, it can be applied to other beveling machines with turntable-swing axis structure.

[0099] The technical solution of the present invention compensates for the vertical distance from the cutting head to the plate surface, and guarantees the cutting process. The technical solution of the present invention is directly calculated through the nozzle structure, and the nozzle structure is machined, the size is relatively standard, and the error is smaller.

[0100] The specific implementation scheme of this embodiment can refer to the relevant description in the above embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0101] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0102] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" refers to at least two.

[0103] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code that includes one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may not be performed in the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention belong.

[0104] It should be understood that the various parts of the present invention can be implemented by hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. In the above-mentioned embodiments, a plurality of steps or methods can be implemented by software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution device. For example, if implemented by hardware, as in another embodiment, it can be implemented by any one of the following technologies known in the art or their combination: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function for a data signal, a dedicated integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0105] A person skilled in the art may understand that all or part of the steps in the method for implementing the above-mentioned embodiment may be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the corresponding program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0106] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into a processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one module. The above-mentioned integrated module may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional module. If the integrated module is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0107] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0108] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0109] The method, device, processor and computer-readable storage medium thereof for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system of the present invention are adopted to compensate for the nozzle position after the swing shaft RTCP rotates, so that the height of the nozzle from the plate after the swing shaft rotates is the same as in the vertical direction, thereby improving the cutting effect; and since the height from the plate can remain unchanged, the risk of hitting the plate can be effectively reduced.

[0110] In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to specific embodiments thereof. However, it is apparent that various modifications and variations may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the specification and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.

Claims

1. A method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: (1) Use RTCP to calculate the center position of the bottom surface of the nozzle after rotating a certain angle around the cutting point, and obtain the displacement required for the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis; (2) Calculate the displacement to be compensated based on the swing axis rotation angle, cutting height, and nozzle radius; (3) Add the displacement to be compensated to the motion displacement calculated by RTCP to calculate the compensated displacement; (4) Control the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis of the machine tool according to the compensated displacement.

2. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement to be compensated in step (2) is calculated as follows: The displacement that needs to be compensated is calculated according to the following formula: in, Among them, Δx, Δy and Δz are the displacements that need to be compensated for the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis respectively, θ1 and θ2 are the rotation angles of the A-axis and B-axis respectively, r is the nozzle radius, Δx s and Δz s The compensation displacements in the plane where the rotation angle is located are respectively, and h is the cutting height when the swing axis is in the vertical state.

3. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement after compensation calculated in step (3) is specifically: The displacement after compensation is calculated according to the following formula: Among them, x1, y1 and z1 are the displacements after compensation, and x0, y0 and z0 are the displacements that need to be moved on the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis.

4. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (4) is specifically as follows: During the movement, each tool path point controls the movement of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis according to the compensated displacement, so that the height from the board is consistent during actual cutting.

5. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the swing axis structure of the machine tool is a BC double swing head structure and the C axis does not change the Z axis position during the rotation process, the method is calculated according to the single swing axis B axis.

6. The method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method described is used in the case where the machine tool structure is a turntable-swing axis structure, that is, the B axis is the turntable and the A axis is the swing axis, and the calculation is performed according to the single swing axis A axis.

7. A device for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system, characterized in that: The device comprises: a processor configured to execute computer executable instructions; A memory storing one or more computer executable instructions, wherein when the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the numerical control system described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

8. A processor for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system, characterized in that: The processor is configured to execute computer executable instructions. When the computer executable instructions are executed by the processor, the various steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in the CNC system described in any one of claims 1 to 6 are implemented.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: A computer program is stored thereon, and the computer program can be executed by a processor to implement the various steps of the method for improving the control accuracy of groove following cutting in a numerical control system in any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images