Cold-resistant and anti-freezing cable

Abstract

The invention provides a cold-resistant and anti-freezing cable applied to the field of cables, in the application, an anti-icing module is used as a cold-resistant and anti-freezing structure of the cold-resistant cable, in rain and snow disaster weather in winter, an icing phenomenon is generated on the anti-icing module, and the icing phenomenon is formed and grows on load-bearing fibers, so that the load on the load-bearing fibers is gradually increased; and the anti-freezing chain is integrally pulled down until the node balls are pulled out of the filling cavity through capillary cracks, the load-bearing fibers are impacted, broken and fall off together with the icing blocks, and the newly pulled load-bearing fibers can be used for the icing blocks to grow again to form circulation, so that the load on the cold-resistant cable can be reduced for a long time, and the service life of the cable is prolonged. In addition, the anti-icing module is provided with a notch, the anti-icing module and a structure filled in the anti-icing module are changed into selectable parts, and power grid maintenance personnel can install and replace the anti-icing module so that the cable can pass through the winter conveniently.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of cables, and in particular to a cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable. Background Art

[0002] A rope-like cable made of several or several groups of wires (at least two in each group). Each group of wires is insulated from each other and often twisted around a center wire. The entire outside is covered with a highly insulating covering. It is a basic equipment for long-distance high-voltage electricity transmission.

[0003] Since the snowstorm in 2008, many problems have erupted in infrastructure construction. Among them, the accumulation of snow and icicles on the transmission lines has caused the cables to be overloaded, resulting in the collapse of the towers and broken wires. In addition, due to the failure of the transmission lines, the power supply is unfavorable, causing the heating as well as road and rail transportation to be seriously affected. Therefore, after the snowstorm in 2008, a large number of scientific researchers and power grid technicians have invested a lot of energy in the research and development of cable de-icing methods.

[0004] In the prior art, the most commonly used de-icing methods are electric current de-icing and robot de-icing. Electric current de-icing uses the heat generated by electric current in the wires to quickly melt the ice, which can effectively solve the problem that some remote areas cannot perform manual de-icing. However, when electric current de-icing is working, the entire transmission line is generating heat, which requires a large amount of energy. This energy consumption on unfrozen cables is actually useless, which easily leads to a large amount of energy waste. Robot de-icing uses a robot installed on the cable to achieve mechanical de-icing or uses a drone to spray fire for de-icing. Robot de-icing is highly targeted and is not prone to energy waste. However, the effective range of robot de-icing is relatively small, and it cannot be applied to lines in unmanned remote areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to solve the problem of cable deicing in unmanned remote areas. Compared with the prior art, a cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable is provided. The cold-resistant cable includes multiple cable lines, the outer sleeves of the multiple cable lines are provided with a coating layer, and the insulation layer is filled between the multiple cable lines and the coating layer. The outer sleeve of the cold-resistant cable is provided with multiple anti-icing modules, and the anti-icing module includes an elastic block, and a filling cavity is excavated in the elastic block. The filling cavity is filled with multiple antifreeze chains. The antifreeze chain includes a load-bearing fiber, and multiple node balls are fixedly connected to the load-bearing fiber. The load-bearing fiber is provided with multiple prefabricated grooves matching the node ball positions. The multiple prefabricated grooves are all located between the node balls matching themselves and the cold-resistant cable. The outer wall of the elastic block is provided with multiple capillary cracks matching the filling cavity at multiple positions. One end of the multiple load-bearing fibers is located in the filling cavity and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filling cavity close to one end of the cold-resistant cable. The other end of the load-bearing fiber penetrates the capillary crack and extends to the outside of the filling cavity. The node ball in a load-bearing fiber that is farthest from the cold-resistant cable is located outside the filling cavity.

[0006] When it is implemented on the load-bearing fiber and forms an excessive load, it will break by itself, reducing the impact of rain and snow on it, making it less likely to collapse.

[0007] Furthermore, a plurality of support columns are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filling cavity, and the plurality of support columns are evenly distributed in the filling cavity. The internal space of the filling cavity is formed by the plurality of support columns. The filling cavity is not prone to large-area deformation, and is not prone to causing multiple node balls to be squeezed together, and is not prone to affecting the pulling out of the load-bearing fibers.

[0008] Furthermore, the outer wall of the elastic block is coated with a hydrophobic coating, and the outer wall of the load-bearing fiber is coated with a hydrophilic coating. In the small space where the anti-icing module is located, liquefied water is more likely to appear on the surface of the load-bearing fiber, that is, ice is more likely to form on the weight-bearing fiber, making it easier for the weight-bearing fiber to take effect.

[0009] Furthermore, the surface of the hydrophilic coating is uneven, which increases the contact area between the load-bearing fiber and the space, making it easier for water vapor in the air to liquefy and freeze on the surface of the load-bearing fiber.

[0010] Furthermore, the elastic block is provided with a plurality of adaptation grooves matching the capillary cracks, and the node ball is made of an elastic material, which can easily increase the sealing effect of the adaptation groove and the node ball, so that water vapor is not easy to enter the anti-icing module through the capillary cracks and freeze, and is not easy to affect the normal operation of the anti-icing module as a whole.

[0011] Optionally, a notch is chiseled on the anti-icing module, that is, the cross-section of the anti-icing module is in the shape of a missing ring, making the anti-icing module and the structure filled inside it optional. Grid maintenance personnel can install anti-icing modules on cold-resistant cables or replace anti-icing modules in inaccessible areas before winter to facilitate wintering.

[0012] Furthermore, an elastic metal mesh is fixedly connected to one end of the anti-icing module close to the cold-resistant cable. The elastic metal mesh has a tendency to bend toward the cold-resistant cable. The elastic metal mesh increases the pressure between the anti-icing module and the cold-resistant cable, and increases the friction between the two, making the anti-icing module less likely to slip on the elastic metal mesh, thereby increasing the fixing effect of the anti-icing module.

[0013] Furthermore, a sealing film matching the anti-icing module is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the anti-icing module, and the sealing film fixes the node ball in the adaptation groove. During transportation and storage, the sealing film is used to fix the node ball in the adaptation groove outside the elastic block, and the cooperation between the node ball and the adaptation groove achieves a sealing effect. After the anti-icing module is installed, the sealing film can be torn off. At this time, under the action of the gravity of the node ball, the load-bearing fiber is pulled down until the next load-bearing fiber contacts and seals with the adaptation groove in the elastic block, thereby increasing the overall sealing effect of the filling cavity, making it difficult for water vapor to penetrate into the filling cavity, and ice to form inside the filling cavity, thereby not affecting the normal operation of the antifreeze chain.

[0014] Furthermore, the volume of the multiple node balls decreases as the distance from one end fixedly connected to the load-bearing fiber and the inner wall of the filling cavity increases. It is not easy for the multiple node balls to be pulled out before the load-bearing fiber located outside the filling cavity breaks, and it is not easy to shorten the effective service life of the anti-icing module.

[0015] Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent node balls decreases as the distance between one end fixedly connected to the weight-bearing fiber and the inner wall of the filling cavity increases. In order to adapt to the change in the volume of the node balls, when the node balls that play a supporting role take effect, the length of the weight-bearing fibers located outside the filling cavity also becomes longer, thereby increasing the growable length of the ice block and the load on the weight-bearing fibers, making it easier to pull out the node balls that play a supporting role.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this application are:

[0017] In the present application, an anti-icing module is used as the cold-resistant and anti-freeze structure of the cold-resistant cable. In rainy and snowy weather in winter, ice will form on the anti-icing module and form and grow on the load-bearing fibers, which will gradually increase the load on the load-bearing fibers and pull the antifreeze chain down as a whole until the node balls are pulled out of the filling cavity through capillary cracks. The load-bearing fibers as a whole are impacted and broken along the direction of the prefabricated grooves, falling off together with the ice blocks. The newly pulled out weight-bearing fibers can again provide ice blocks for growth, forming a cycle, which can reduce the load on the cold-resistant cable caused by ice for a long time, making it difficult for the cold-resistant cable to collapse due to excessive load caused by ice, thereby increasing the safety of the cold-resistant cable.

[0018] In addition, by cutting a notch in the anti-icing module, the anti-icing module and the structure filled inside it become optional parts. Grid maintenance personnel can install or replace anti-icing modules on cold-resistant cables in inaccessible areas before winter to facilitate wintering. At the same time, the cutting of the notch makes the anti-icing module asymmetrical in structure. After most of the load-bearing fibers are pulled out, the anti-icing module as a whole appears to be heavy on top and light on the bottom. Under the influence of wind and unbalanced icing, the anti-icing module will flip over as a whole so that the notch faces upward. As the ice on the surface of the anti-icing module continues to increase, the overall weight of the anti-icing module will fall off from the surface of the cold-resistant cable as a whole, completing the final ice clearing work and protecting the cold-resistant cable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable of the present application;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the cold-resistant and freeze-resistant cable of Example 1 of the present application;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the cold-resistant and freeze-resistant cable of Example 2 of the present application;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the antifreeze chain of this application;

[0023] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of the load-bearing fiber of the present application;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the morphological changes of the weight-bearing fiber of the present application after freezing;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the anti-icing module of the present application when it is installed;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the local structure of the load-bearing fiber of the anti-icing module of the present application after freezing;

[0027] Fig. 9 for Figure 8 The structural diagram at A in the middle;

[0028] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the morphological changes of the anti-icing module of Example 2 of the present application after most of the load-bearing fibers fall off.

[0029] Description of the numbers in the figure:

[0030] 1 cold-resistant cable, 101 cable line, 102 coating layer, 103 insulation layer, 2 anti-icing module, 201 elastic block, 202 filling cavity, 203 support column, 204 capillary crack, 205 adaptation groove, 3 elastic metal mesh, 4 antifreeze chain, 401 load-bearing fiber, 402 node ball, 403 prefabricated groove, 404 hydrophilic coating, 5 ice block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The embodiments will be combined with the drawings in the specification to clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] The present invention provides a cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable. Figure 1-2 and Figure 7-9 , including a cold-resistant cable 1, the cold-resistant cable 1 includes a plurality of cable lines 101, the outer sides of the plurality of cable lines 101 are provided with a coating layer 102, and a thermal insulation layer 103 is filled between the plurality of cable lines 101 and the coating layer 102, the outer side of the cold-resistant cable 1 is provided with a plurality of anti-icing modules 2, the anti-icing module 2 includes an elastic block 201, a filling cavity 202 is excavated in the elastic block 201, and a plurality of anti-freeze chains 4 are filled in the filling cavity 202, and the anti-freeze chain 4 includes a load-bearing fiber 401, and a plurality of node balls 402 are fixedly connected to the load-bearing fiber 401, and a plurality of nodes 402 are excavated on the load-bearing fiber 401 at positions corresponding to the node balls 402 Matching prefabricated grooves 403, multiple prefabricated grooves 403 are all located between the node ball 402 and the cold-resistant cable 1 that match themselves, and the outer wall of the elastic block 201 is provided with multiple capillary cracks 204 that match the filling cavity 202. One end of multiple load-bearing fibers 401 is located in the filling cavity 202 and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filling cavity 202 close to one end of the cold-resistant cable 1, and the other end of the load-bearing fiber 401 passes through the capillary cracks 204 and extends to the outside of the filling cavity 202. The node ball 402 that is farthest from the cold-resistant cable 1 in a load-bearing fiber 401 is located outside the filling cavity 202.

[0034] In particular, in the present application, for the convenience of presentation, the sizes and spacings of the various structures in the drawings of the specification are not drawn strictly in proportion. Those skilled in the art can reasonably design the various structures of the present application based on the description of the present application and the known techniques in the art. This is a known technique for those skilled in the art, and therefore is not disclosed in detail in the present application.

[0035] See also Figure 6In the present application, the anti-icing module 2 is used as the cold-resistant and antifreeze structure of the cold-resistant cable 1. In rainy and snowy weather in winter, ice will form on the anti-icing module 2 to form ice blocks 5. Once these ice blocks 5 are formed and grow on the load-bearing fibers 401, they will gradually increase the load on the load-bearing fibers 401 and pull the antifreeze chain 4 down as a whole until the node ball 402 closest to the outer end of the load-bearing fibers 401 is in close contact with the inner wall of the filling cavity 202. The gravity of the load-bearing fibers 401 located outside the filling cavity 202 is supported by the node ball 402 and the inner wall of the filling cavity 202. As the ice blocks 5 grow further, the node ball 402 and the filling cavity 202 are in close contact. The tension on the cavity 202 will also increase until the node ball 402 is pulled out of the filling cavity 202 through the capillary crack 204 and continues to move downward until the next node ball 402 closest to the outer end of the filling cavity 202 collides with the inner wall of the filling cavity 202. The load-bearing fiber 401 is impacted as a whole and breaks along the direction of the prefabricated groove 403, falling off together with the ice block 5. The newly pulled out load-bearing fiber 401 can again provide growth for the ice block 5, forming a cycle, reducing the load on the cold-resistant cable 1 caused by ice, making it less likely for the cold-resistant cable 1 to collapse due to excessive load caused by ice, thereby increasing the safety of the cold-resistant cable 1.

[0036] See also Figure 2 and Figure 4-5 The inner wall of the filling cavity 202 is fixedly connected with a plurality of support columns 203, and the plurality of support columns 203 are evenly distributed in the filling cavity 202. The internal space of the filling cavity 202 is formed by using the plurality of support columns 203, and the filling cavity 202 is not easy to produce large-area deformation, and it is not easy to cause a plurality of node balls 402 to be squeezed together, and it is not easy to affect the pulling out of the load-bearing fiber 401. The outer wall of the elastic block 201 is coated with a hydrophobic coating, and the outer wall of the load-bearing fiber 401 is coated with a hydrophilic coating 404. In the small range of the anti-icing module 2, it is easier for liquefied water to appear on the surface of the load-bearing fiber 401, that is, on the load-bearing fiber Ice is more easily formed on the fiber 401, making the load-bearing fiber 401 easy to take effect. The surface of the hydrophilic coating 404 is uneven, which increases the contact area between the load-bearing fiber 401 and the space, making it easier for water vapor in the air to liquefy and freeze on the surface of the load-bearing fiber 401. The elastic block 201 is provided with multiple adaptation grooves 205 matching the capillary cracks 204. The node ball 402 is made of elastic material, which is easy to increase the sealing effect of the adaptation groove 205 and the node ball 402, making it difficult for water vapor to enter the anti-icing module 2 through the capillary cracks 204 and freeze, and it is not easy to affect the normal operation of the anti-icing module 2 as a whole.

[0037] Embodiment 2:

[0038] The present invention provides a cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable. Figure 3, a notch is also chiseled on the anti-icing module 2, that is, the cross section of the anti-icing module 2 is in the shape of a missing ring, making the anti-icing module 2 and the structure filled therein optional. The power grid maintenance personnel can install the anti-icing module 2 on the cold-resistant cable 1 in a sparsely populated area before winter or replace the anti-icing module 2 to facilitate wintering. The anti-icing module 2 is fixedly connected to one end close to the cold-resistant cable 1 with an elastic metal mesh 3, and the elastic metal mesh 3 has a tendency to bend toward the cold-resistant cable 1. The elastic metal mesh 3 will increase the pressure between the anti-icing module 2 and the cold-resistant cable 1, and increase the friction between the two, so that the anti-icing module 2 is not easy to slip on the elastic metal mesh 3, thereby increasing the fixing effect of the anti-icing module 2. The outer wall of the anti-icing module 2 is fixedly connected with a metal mesh that is relatively close to itself. A matching sealing film is used, and the sealing film fixes the node ball 402 in the adaptation groove 205. During transportation and storage, the sealing film is used to fix the node ball 402 in the adaptation groove 205 located on the outside of the elastic block 201, and the cooperation between the node ball 402 and the adaptation groove 205 achieves a sealing effect. After the anti-icing module 2 is installed, the sealing film can be torn off. At this time, under the action of the gravity of the node ball 402, the load-bearing fiber 401 is pulled down until the next load-bearing fiber 401 contacts and seals with the adaptation groove 205 in the elastic block 201, thereby increasing the overall sealing effect in the filling cavity 202, making it difficult for water vapor to penetrate into the filling cavity 202, and it is difficult for ice to form inside the filling cavity 202, which is not easy to affect the normal operation of the antifreeze chain 4.

[0039] See also Figure 3 and 10 In the present application, the anti-icing module 2 is a non-symmetrical structure. After most of the load-bearing fibers 401 are pulled out, the anti-icing module 2 as a whole appears to be heavy on the top and light on the bottom. Under the influence of wind and unbalanced icing, the anti-icing module 2 will flip as a whole so that the notch faces upward. As the ice on the surface of the anti-icing module 2 continues to increase, the overall weight of the anti-icing module 2 will cause the anti-icing module 2 to fall off the surface of the cold-resistant cable 1 as a whole, completing the final ice clearing work and protecting the cold-resistant cable 1.

[0040] See also Figure 7-8The volume of the multiple node balls 402 decreases as the distance from the end fixedly connected to the weight-bearing fiber 401 and the inner wall of the filling cavity 202 increases. It is not easy for the multiple node balls 402 to be pulled out when the weight-bearing fiber 401 located outside the filling cavity 202 has not yet broken, and it is not easy to shorten the effective service life of the anti-icing module 2. The distance between two adjacent node balls 402 decreases as the distance from the end fixedly connected to the weight-bearing fiber 401 and the inner wall of the filling cavity 202 increases. In order to adapt to the change in the volume of the node ball 402, when the node ball 402 that plays a supporting role takes effect, the length of the weight-bearing fiber 401 located outside the filling cavity 202 is also longer, which increases the growable length of the ice block 5, increases the load on the weight-bearing fiber 401, and facilitates the pulling out of the node ball 402 that plays a supporting role.

[0041] In particular, the anti-icing module 2 in the present application is used in remote areas and areas that cannot be covered by robot deicing, and even if ice falls in these areas, it will not cause safety accidents.

[0042] The above is only the best implementation method adopted by this application in combination with current actual needs, but the protection scope of this application is not limited to this.

Claims

1. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable, comprising a cold-resistant cable (1), characterized in that: The cold-resistant cable (1) comprises a plurality of cable wires (101), the outer sides of the plurality of cable wires (101) are provided with a coating layer (102), a thermal insulation layer (103) is filled between the plurality of cable wires (101) and the coating layer (102), the outer sides of the cold-resistant cable (1) are provided with a plurality of anti-icing modules (2), the anti-icing modules (2) comprise an elastic block (201), a filling cavity (202) is bored in the elastic block (201), a plurality of anti-freeze chains (4) are filled in the filling cavity (202), the anti-freeze chains (4) comprise a load-bearing fiber (401), a plurality of node balls (402) are fixedly connected to the load-bearing fiber (401), a plurality of node balls (402) are bored in the load-bearing fiber (401) and connected to the node balls (402). Prefabricated grooves (403) are arranged to match the positions of the prefabricated grooves (403), and the plurality of prefabricated grooves (403) are located between the node balls (402) and the cold-resistant cables (1) that match the prefabricated grooves (403). The outer wall of the elastic block (201) is provided with a plurality of capillary cracks (204) that match the positions of the filling cavity (202). One end of the plurality of load-bearing fibers (401) is located in the filling cavity (202) and is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filling cavity (202) near one end of the cold-resistant cable (1). The other end of the load-bearing fibers (401) penetrates the capillary cracks (204) and extends to the outside of the filling cavity (202). The node ball (402) that is farthest from the cold-resistant cable (1) among the load-bearing fibers (401) is located outside the filling cavity (202).

2. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of support columns (203) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the filling cavity (202); the plurality of support columns (203) are evenly distributed in the filling cavity (202); and the internal space of the filling cavity (202) is formed by using the plurality of support columns (203).

3. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the elastic block (201) is coated with a hydrophobic coating, and the outer wall of the load-bearing fiber (401) is coated with a hydrophilic coating (404).

4. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surface of the hydrophilic coating (404) is uneven.

5. The cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic block (201) is provided with a plurality of adapting grooves (205) at positions matching the capillary cracks (204), and the node ball (402) is made of an elastic material.

6. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-icing module (2) is also provided with a notch, that is, the cross section of the anti-icing module (2) is in the shape of a missing ring.

7. A cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 6, characterized in that: An elastic metal mesh (3) is fixedly connected to one end of the anti-icing module (2) close to the cold-resistant cable (1), and the elastic metal mesh (3) has a tendency to bend toward the cold-resistant cable (1).

8. The cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing film matching the anti-icing module (2) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the anti-icing module (2), and the sealing film fixes the node ball (402) in the adaptation groove (205).

9. The cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume of the plurality of node balls (402) decreases as the distance from one end fixedly connected to the weight-bearing fiber (401) and the inner wall of the filling cavity (202) increases.

10. The cold-resistant and frost-resistant cable according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent node balls (402) decreases as the distance between the end fixedly connected to the weight-bearing fiber (401) and the inner wall of the filling cavity (202) increases.

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