Enameled wire and preparation method thereof
By using copper conductors with smooth surfaces, brushing and annealing treatment, coating insulating solution and aramid wire, and forming an antioxidant layer on the aramid wire, the problem of the enameled wire paint film being prone to paint drop and short circuit at high temperatures is solved, and higher heat resistance and protection effect are achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510193453.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
During long-term work, the paint film becomes hard, brittle, loses elasticity, and reduces adhesion, and makes the paint fall easily, which leads to the exposure of conductors, reduced insulation performance and short-circuit failure.
A method of preparing enameled wire is adopted, including selecting copper conductors with smooth surfaces, coating insulating solution and aramid wire through wire drawing and annealing treatment, soaking in polyetherimide solution, forming an antioxidant layer, and improving the heat resistance and protection effect of the paint film.
By improving the interface strength and heat resistance of aramid wire and copper conductor, the antioxidant ability of the paint film is enhanced, the service life of the paint film is extended, the paint layer drops and conductor exposure is avoided, and the risk of short circuit is reduced.
Smart Images
Figure CN119920544A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of enameled wires, in particular to an enameled wire and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] Enameled wire refers to a metal wire coated with an insulating paint layer on the surface, usually a copper wire or an aluminum wire; this insulating paint layer is called a paint film, and its function is to insulate the wires from each other and prevent short circuits;
[0003] The main function of enameled wire is to be used as winding in electrical appliances, electronic equipment and instruments to generate magnetic fields or induced currents; for example, motors, transformers, inductors, relays, speakers, etc. cannot do without enameled wire;
[0004] The enameled wire with insulating paint coating on the surface can effectively isolate the current between the wires to prevent short circuits; it can also protect the wires from mechanical damage; it can effectively ensure the operation stability of the circuit;
[0005] However, when the enameled wire works at a certain temperature for a long time, the organic polymer material in the enameled wire film will undergo a thermal oxidation reaction with the oxygen in the air; this reaction will cause the polymer chain to break, cross-link, and degrade, thereby changing the chemical composition and physical structure of the film; making the film hard, brittle, and lose elasticity, ultimately resulting in decreased adhesion and easy paint peeling;
[0006] When the paint on the surface of the enameled wire peels off, the internal conductor will be exposed, reducing the insulation performance and making short circuits more likely to occur. In addition, the enameled wire with peeling paint can easily come into contact with other conductors, causing short circuits and leading to equipment failure.
[0007] In summary, in order to solve the technical problem raised in this article, the present invention proposes an enameled wire and a preparation method thereof. Summary of the invention
[0008] The present invention provides a method for preparing an enameled wire, which comprises the following steps:
[0009] S1: Select copper with smooth surface, no cracks and no impurities as the conductor material, and use a wire drawing machine to draw the copper conductor material; the wire drawing speed is controlled at 50 meters / minute, and mineral oil is coated on the copper conductor material during the wire drawing process;
[0010] S2: sending the drawn copper conductor into a continuous annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 350°C, and the annealing time is 3 minutes;
[0011] S3: After annealing, the copper conductor is taken out, and then the surface of the copper conductor is cleaned to make the surface of the copper conductor smooth and free of impurities, and an insulating solution is applied to the surface of the copper conductor. After applying the insulating solution, an aramid wire is selected and laid on the copper conductor coated with the insulating solution;
[0012] S4: In the above step S3, before the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the aramid wire is soaked in a polyetherimide solution, and after soaking, the aramid wire is dried, and after the aramid wire is dried, it is laid on the copper conductor;
[0013] S5: After the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the surface of the dried aramid wire is painted, and then the painted copper conductor is placed in a drying oven to evaporate the solvent in the paint liquid, and then solidify to form a paint film; then the copper conductor is taken out and cooled to form an enameled wire.
[0014] As a preferred solution of the present application, in the step S3, the aramid wire is wound on the copper conductor in a coiled manner, and the coils of the aramid wire are in close contact with each other when the coils are wound.
[0015] As a preferred solution of the present application, in the step S3, the insulating solution is an organic silane coupling agent.
[0016] As a preferred solution of the present application, in the step S5, before painting the surface of the aramid wire, the copper conductor and the aramid wire are placed in a fluororubber solution, and then the copper conductor coated with the fluororubber solution is dried, and then the dried fluororubber surface is painted.
[0017] As a preferred solution of the present application, trioctyl trimellitate is added to the fluororubber solution, and the amount of trioctyl trimellitate added is 5%-30% of the mass of the fluororubber.
[0018] As a preferred solution of the present application, after the fluororubber solution is dried, the surface of the fluororubber solution is polished, and then subjected to a painting process.
[0019] As a preferred solution of the present application, the paint is polyester paint with a viscosity of 200 centipoise and a solid content of 30%.
[0020] An enameled wire is prepared by the above-mentioned enameled wire preparation method, and an anti-oxidation layer is coated on the surface of the enameled wire.
[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
[0022] The aramid wire is soaked in a polyetherimide solution in advance, and then the aramid wire is taken out and dried. After the aramid wire is soaked, a thin film is formed on the surface of the aramid fiber in the dried polyetherimide solution, which improves the interface bonding strength between the fiber and the matrix, making the reinforcement effect of the aramid wire in the composite material more significant. After the aramid wire is tightly wound around the copper conductor, the thin film formed by the polyetherimide solution is filled between the aramid wire windings, thereby improving the isolation effect of the aramid wire on the copper conductor from the outside, thereby improving the protection effect of the aramid wire on the copper conductor. When the aramid wire is soaked in the polyetherimide solution, the aramid fiber in the aramid wire will absorb some polyetherimide molecules, thereby further improving the heat resistance of the aramid wire and making it have better stability in a high temperature environment; thereby improving the use effect of the enameled wire in a high temperature environment, thereby avoiding the problem of the conductor inside the enameled wire being exposed after the paint layer outside the enameled wire falls off, thereby preventing a short circuit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0023] Figure 1 is a flow chart of the preparation method of the enameled wire of the present invention;
[0024] Figure 2 This is a body view of the enameled wire of the present invention;
[0025] Figure 3 It is the internal layering diagram of the enameled wire in the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0026] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.
[0027] Embodiment 1:
[0028] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown; a method for preparing an enameled wire, the preparation method comprises the following steps;
[0029] S1: Select copper with smooth surface, no cracks and no impurities as the conductor material, and use a wire drawing machine to draw the copper conductor material; the wire drawing speed is controlled at 50 meters / minute, and mineral oil is coated on the copper conductor material during the wire drawing process;
[0030] S2: sending the drawn copper conductor into a continuous annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 350°C, and the annealing time is 3 minutes;
[0031] S3: After annealing, the copper conductor is taken out, and then the surface of the copper conductor is cleaned to make the surface of the copper conductor smooth and free of impurities, and an insulating solution is applied to the surface of the copper conductor. After applying the insulating solution, an aramid wire is selected and laid on the copper conductor coated with the insulating solution;
[0032] S4: In the above step S3, before the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the aramid wire is soaked in a polyetherimide solution, and after soaking, the aramid wire is dried, and after the aramid wire is dried, it is laid on the copper conductor;
[0033] S5: After the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the surface of the dried aramid wire is painted, and then the painted copper conductor is placed in a drying oven to evaporate the solvent in the paint liquid, and then solidify to form a paint film; then the copper conductor is taken out and cooled to form an enameled wire;
[0034] In the step S3, the aramid wire is wound around the copper conductor in a coiled manner, and the coils of the aramid wire are in close contact with each other when the coils are wound;
[0035] In the step S3, the insulating solution is an organic silane coupling agent;
[0036] The principle is as follows;
[0037] In the process of producing enameled wire, copper or aluminum that meets national standards is selected as the conductor material, and the conductor surface is required to be smooth, free of cracks and impurities; the conductor material used in this application is a copper conductor, and the copper conductor is drawn through a wire drawing machine, and the drawing speed is controlled at 50 meters / minute to obtain a copper conductor after drawing; and in the process of drawing, mineral oil is coated on the copper conductor material; so that the mineral oil reduces friction and heat generation during the drawing process, and ensures the surface quality of the conductor;
[0038] The copper conductor after drawing is sent to the continuous annealing furnace for annealing treatment. The annealing temperature is controlled at 350℃ and the annealing time is 3 minutes. After annealing treatment, the crystal lattice inside the metal is rearranged and the grains grow again, thereby eliminating the work hardening and restoring the plasticity and toughness of the metal, ensuring the toughness and conductivity of the copper conductor when in use.
[0039] After annealing and cooling, the surface of the copper conductor can be cleaned with sandpaper or cleaning cotton to make the surface of the copper conductor smooth and free of impurities. After the surface of the copper conductor is cleaned, an insulating solution is applied to the surface of the copper conductor. The coating method can be a felt method or a spray gun spraying method. The insulating solution is used to protect the copper conductor; and by making the insulating solution an organic silane coupling agent, the organic silane coupling agent forms a protective film on the surface of the copper conductor, which effectively prevents the oxidation of the copper conductor in harsh environments such as high temperature and high humidity, thereby improving its service life; and the protective film formed by the organic silane coupling agent can effectively prevent the intrusion of moisture and other corrosive substances, thereby further improving the anti-oxidation ability and solder resistance of the copper conductor; this protective effect helps to maintain the insulation performance of the copper conductor and extend its service life;
[0040] And by using the insulating solution as an organic silane coupling agent, after the organic silane coupling agent is coated on the surface of the copper conductor, an aramid wire is laid on the surface of the copper conductor to wrap the surface of the copper conductor. The aramid wire can significantly improve the overall tensile strength of the copper conductor after it is formed into a wire, so that it can better withstand tensile loads and reduce the risk of breakage. In addition, the aramid wire can protect the surface of the copper wire from mechanical damage such as scratches and wear, thereby avoiding the problem of short circuit caused by the exposure of the internal conductor after the paint layer on the outside of the enameled wire falls off. At the same time, the aramid fiber has a certain heat resistance and can be used as a heat insulation layer to slow down heat transfer and reduce the temperature of the copper wire. Especially in a high temperature environment, it can effectively protect the wire insulation layer, thereby avoiding the problem of thermal oxidation reaction between the organic polymer material in the organic silane coupling agent coated on the copper conductor and oxygen in the air, resulting in the problem of falling off.
[0041] While the aramid line protects the organosilane coupling agent, the organosilane coupling agent itself has two different reactive groups; one of which can react with inorganic materials, such as alkoxy, which forms silanol (Si-OH) after hydrolysis, forms hydrogen bonds with hydroxyl groups on the copper surface, and further dehydrates to form covalent bonds; the other organic group that can react with organic materials, such as amino, epoxy, etc., combines with the functional groups in the aramid through chemical reactions, thereby forming a stable chemical bond between copper and aramid, achieving a firm bond between the two; making the aramid line more resistant to the organosilane The organic silane coupling agent is used for protection. The organic silane coupling agent protects the copper conductor. At the same time, the organic silane coupling agent tightly connects the copper conductor and the aramid wire, so that the aramid wire can more effectively protect the copper conductor, avoid the copper conductor being exposed, and cause the problem of short circuit. The aramid wire is wound around the copper conductor in a circle, so that the circles of the aramid wire are in close contact. After the aramid wire is wound around the copper conductor in a circle, the circles of the aramid wire can be used as a supporting material, so that when the enameled wire is used to make a flexible cable, the cable can be prevented from being excessively bent or twisted.
[0042] Before the aramid wire is wound on the copper conductor, the aramid wire is soaked in a polyetherimide solution in advance. After soaking, the aramid wire is taken out and dried. The dried polyetherimide solution forms a thin film on the surface of the aramid fiber, which improves the interface bonding strength between the fiber and the matrix, making the reinforcement effect of the aramid wire in the composite material more significant. After the aramid wire is tightly wound on the copper conductor, the thin film formed by the polyetherimide solution is filled between the aramid wire windings, thereby improving the isolation effect of the aramid wire on the copper conductor from the outside, thereby improving the protection effect of the aramid wire on the copper conductor. When the aramid wire is soaked in the polyetherimide solution, the aramid fiber in the aramid wire will absorb some polyetherimide molecules, thereby further improving the heat resistance of the aramid wire and making it have better stability in a high temperature environment; thereby improving the use effect of the enameled wire in a high temperature environment, thereby avoiding the problem of the conductor inside the enameled wire being exposed after the paint layer outside the enameled wire falls off, thereby preventing the problem of short circuit;
[0043] Finally, after the enameled wire is wound, the surface of the aramid wire is painted. After painting, the copper conductor is placed in a drying oven at a temperature of 150°C to evaporate and solidify the solvent in the paint layer, forming a paint layer on the outermost side of the copper conductor. After cooling, the enameled wire is prepared.
[0044] Embodiment 2:
[0045] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown; in the step S5, before painting the surface of the aramid wire, the copper conductor and the aramid wire are placed in a fluororubber solution, and then the copper conductor coated with the fluororubber solution is dried, and then the dried fluororubber surface is painted;
[0046] The fluororubber solution is added with trioctyl trimellitate, and the amount of trioctyl trimellitate added is 5%-30% of the mass of the fluororubber;
[0047] After the fluororubber solution is dried, the surface of the fluororubber solution is polished, and then painted;
[0048] The principle is as follows;
[0049] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, in step S5, before the surface of the aramid wire is painted, the copper conductor and the aramid wire are placed in a fluororubber solution, and then the copper conductor coated with the fluororubber solution is dried. After the fluororubber solution is dried, the fluororubber solution will form fluororubber, which has excellent heat resistance and is not easy to crack, so that the fluororubber can effectively protect the aramid wire and the copper conductor wrapped therein, and trioctyl trimellitate is added to the fluororubber solution. After the trioctyl trimellitate itself is added to the fluororubber solution as a plasticizer, the interaction force between the fluororubber molecules can be reduced, so that the fluororubber can be It is easier to plasticize during processing, which improves processing efficiency; and the addition of trioctyl trimellitate can increase the flexibility and ductility of fluororubber, making the enameled wire more flexible and avoiding problems such as breakage of the enameled wire; at the same time, when the fluororubber solution dries on the surface of the aramid wire to form fluororubber, trioctyl trimellitate can improve the high temperature resistance of fluororubber. At the same time, trioctyl trimellitate has good electrical insulation properties. The addition of trioctyl trimellitate will further improve the insulation of fluororubber, thereby improving the protection effect on the enameled wire, avoiding the problem of reduced insulation effect of the enameled wire after the outer paint layer of the enameled wire falls off;
[0050] After the fluororubber solution dries, the dried fluororubber is polished with a polishing machine or polishing sandpaper to make the surface of the dried fluororubber smooth. After the paint layer is sprayed, the surface of the outermost paint layer of the enameled wire is smooth. After the paint layer is sprayed, the smooth paint layer can reduce faults such as electrical short circuits or open circuits caused by uneven surfaces, thereby improving the use effect of the enameled wire.
[0051] Embodiment three:
[0052] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown; the paint is polyester paint, and its viscosity is 200 centipoise and the solid content is 30%;
[0053] The principle is as follows;
[0054] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the paint layer on the outside of the fluororubber is made of polyester paint, which has a high hardness and can enhance the wear resistance of the surface of the enameled wire, thereby preventing the internal insulating layer from being damaged due to friction during winding and use. In addition, the polyester paint has a high resistivity, thereby ensuring good insulation performance of the enameled wire, preventing current leakage and short circuit, and improving electrical safety and reliability; further improving the use effect of the enameled wire.
[0055] Embodiment 4:
[0056] like Figures 2 to 3 As shown; an enameled wire is prepared by the above-mentioned enameled wire preparation method; the surface of the enameled wire is coated with an anti-oxidation layer;
[0057] The principle is as follows;
[0058] During the use of enameled wire, the paint film on the outside is prone to thermal oxidation reaction with oxygen in the outside air, making the paint film hard, brittle, and lose elasticity, eventually leading to a decrease in adhesion; at this time, an anti-oxidation layer is coated on the surface of the enameled wire; the anti-oxidation layer on the outside can effectively prevent the enameled wire from being oxidized in a high temperature environment, thereby improving its anti-oxidation performance; thereby reducing the probability of thermal oxidation reaction and increasing the life of the paint film on the outside of the enameled wire.
Claims
1. A method for preparing an enameled wire, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: Select copper with smooth surface, no cracks and no impurities as the conductor material, and use a wire drawing machine to draw the copper conductor material; the wire drawing speed is controlled at 50 meters / minute, and mineral oil is coated on the copper conductor material during the wire drawing process; S2: sending the drawn copper conductor into a continuous annealing furnace for annealing, the annealing temperature is controlled at 350°C, and the annealing time is 3 minutes; S3: After annealing, the copper conductor is taken out, and then the surface of the copper conductor is cleaned to make the surface of the copper conductor smooth and free of impurities, and an insulating solution is applied to the surface of the copper conductor. After the insulating solution is applied; Selecting an aramid wire and laying the aramid wire on the copper conductor coated with an insulating solution; S4: In the above step S3, before the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the aramid wire is soaked in a polyetherimide solution, and after soaking, the aramid wire is dried, and after the aramid wire is dried, it is laid on the copper conductor; S5: After the aramid wire is laid on the copper conductor, the surface of the dried aramid wire is painted, and then the painted copper conductor is placed in a drying oven to evaporate the solvent in the paint liquid, and then solidify to form a paint film; then the copper conductor is taken out and cooled to form an enameled wire.
2. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S3, the aramid wire is wound around the copper conductor in a coiled manner, and the coils of the aramid wire are in close contact with each other when the coils are wound.
3. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S3, the insulating solution is an organic silane coupling agent.
4. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S5, before painting the surface of the aramid wire, the copper conductor and the aramid wire are placed in a fluororubber solution, and then the copper conductor coated with the fluororubber solution is dried, and then the dried fluororubber surface is painted.
5. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: Trioctyl trimellitate is added to the fluororubber solution, and the added amount of the trioctyl trimellitate is 5%-30% of the mass of the polyvinyl acetate.
6. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 4, characterized in that: After the fluororubber solution is dried, the surface of the fluororubber solution is polished, and then a painting process is performed on it.
7. The method for preparing an enameled wire according to claim 6, characterized in that: The coating material is polyester paint, and its viscosity is 200 centipoise and its solid content is 30%.
8. An enameled wire, which is prepared by the enameled wire preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the enameled wire is coated with an anti-oxidation layer.