Ultrathin Ku broadband planar antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks, and discloses an ultrathin Ku broadband planar antenna which comprises an antenna radiation layer, a receiving network layer, a transceiving isolation layer, a transmitting network layer and a reflection cavity which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom. Both the receiving network layer and the transmitting network layer adopt microstrip feed networks, both the receiving network layer and the transmitting network layer are electrically connected with the antenna radiation layer, and a receiving port of the receiving network layer is orthogonal to a transmitting port of the transmitting network layer; according to the antenna structure, the antenna radiation layer is 8 mm, the transmitting-receiving isolation layer is 8 mm, the reflection cavity is 5 mm, the two layers of feed networks are 1 mm, the overall thickness is only 22 mm, and the antenna structure has the advantage of being low in profile. The antenna radiation layer is formed by adopting PEI special plastic and is electroplated to realize surface metallization, the weight of the antenna is greatly reduced, the weight of the five-layer structure which is integrally assembled does not exceed 2Kg, and the antenna has the characteristic of light weight.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication networks, and in particular to an ultra-thin Ku broadband flat antenna. Background Art

[0002] The flat panel antenna is an important part of the satellite communication system. Its function is to radiate the signal from the RF power amplifier into space in the form of electromagnetic waves, and at the same time, the signal from the satellite enters the back-end RF device through the array. At present, the antennas used for satellite communication mainly include reflector antennas, slot array antennas, waveguide array antennas, and microstrip array antennas.

[0003] Common horn array antennas have the characteristics of wide bandwidth, low feed network loss, high radiation efficiency, etc. However, the overall thickness of the horn array antenna is difficult to compress, and the overall thickness and weight of the device are often high in portable station integration.

[0004] For example, Chinese invention patent CN207938819N discloses a Ku-band flat-panel antenna array, which is composed of M parallel waveguide line arrays. Microstrip line arrays cannot adapt to the current Ku high-throughput satellite applications due to their narrow bandwidth. Patent CN219458025U discloses a Ku extended-band high-throughput automatic flat-panel satellite antenna, which is designed as a waveguide horn array. The antenna thickness exceeds 50mm, and the portable station is integrated as a whole and heavy, which is not conducive to product promotion.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary for the inventor to design a new flat antenna to overcome the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] The main purpose of the present application is to provide an ultra-thin Ku broadband flat antenna to solve the problem that the horn array antenna in the related art is difficult to compress and has a large weight.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides an ultra-thin Ku broadband flat antenna, comprising an antenna radiation layer, a receiving network layer, a transceiver isolation layer, a transmitting network layer and a reflection cavity stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the antenna radiation layer is composed of a speaker array, the receiving network layer and the transmitting network layer both adopt a microstrip feeding network, the receiving network layer and the transmitting network layer are both electrically connected to the antenna radiation layer, and the receiving port of the receiving network layer is orthogonal to the transmitting port of the transmitting network layer.

[0008] Optionally, the antenna radiation layer is made of PEI special plastic, and the ridge waveguide cavity array features are processed in layers and the surface is metal-plated.

[0009] Optionally, the antenna radiation layer includes 256 speaker units.

[0010] Optionally, the receiving network layer and the transmitting network layer are both manufactured by etching a microstrip power division network on a dielectric board.

[0011] Optionally, the transceiver isolation layer is made of an aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed and arranged on the thin plate at a position corresponding to the radiation horn.

[0012] Optionally, the reflection cavity is made of an aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed on the thin plate at a position corresponding to the radiation horn to form a short-circuit surface.

[0013] Optionally, the antenna radiation layer, the receiving network layer, the transceiver isolation layer, the transmitting network layer and the reflective cavity are connected through screws.

[0014] The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: In the antenna structure designed in this application, the antenna radiation layer is 8mm, the transceiver isolation layer is 8mm, the reflection cavity is 5mm, the two-layer feeding network is 1mm, and the overall thickness is only 22mm, which has the characteristics of low profile. The antenna radiation layer is molded with PEI special plastic and electroplated to achieve surface metallization, which greatly reduces the weight of the antenna. The overall assembly thickness of the 5-layer structure does not exceed 2Kg, which has the characteristics of light weight. The antenna's transceiver power division network layer uses 0.25mm ultra-low loss dielectric material, which can not only ensure low-loss feeding, with a feeding loss of less than 1dB, but also has good flatness, will not warp or deform, and has an image standing wave characteristic. The antenna standing wave is ≤1.5:1, and has the characteristics of high gain and low impedance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application, so that other features, purposes and advantages of this application become more obvious. The schematic embodiment drawings and their descriptions of this application are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is the overall structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a structural diagram of the antenna radiation layer of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a receiving network layer structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural diagram of the transceiver isolation layer of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structure diagram of the transmission network layer of the present invention; Figure 7 is a structural diagram of the reflection cavity of the present invention; Figure 8It is a structural diagram of the radiation unit of the present invention; Fig. 9 is the transmission gain diagram of the antenna of the present invention; Fig.10 It is the receiving gain diagram of the antenna of the present invention.

[0016] Among them: 1. Antenna radiation layer; 2. Receiving network layer; 3. Transceiver isolation layer; 4. Transmitter network layer; 5. Reflection cavity. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work should fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects, and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0019] In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are mainly used to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to have a specific orientation, or to be constructed and operated in a specific orientation.

[0020] In addition, some of the above terms may be used to express other meanings in addition to indicating orientation or positional relationship. For example, the term "on" may also be used to express a certain dependency or connection relationship in some cases. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of these terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] In addition, the term "plurality" shall mean two or more.

[0022] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, an ultra-thin Ku broadband flat antenna includes an antenna radiation layer 1, a receiving network layer 2, a transceiver isolation layer 3, a transmitting network layer 4 and a reflection cavity 5 stacked in sequence from top to bottom, the antenna radiation layer 1 is composed of a speaker array, the receiving network layer 2 and the transmitting network layer 4 both adopt a microstrip feeding network, the receiving network layer 2 and the transmitting network layer 4 are both electrically connected to the antenna radiation layer 1, and the receiving port of the receiving network layer 2 is orthogonal to the transmitting port of the transmitting network layer 4.

[0024] Specifically, the antenna radiation layer 1 is the interface for the antenna array surface to exchange electromagnetic energy with the external space. Its main function is to convert the guided electromagnetic waves transmitted by the transmitting network layer 4 into electromagnetic waves radiated to the free space, or to convert the electromagnetic waves received from the external space into guided electromagnetic waves for transmission to the receiving network layer 2. The receiving network layer 2 is mainly responsible for processing the received weak signals. Its tasks include collecting the guided electromagnetic wave signals converted by the antenna radiation layer 1, and performing preliminary amplification, filtering, phase adjustment and other operations on these signals, so as to better extract and process useful information later. The core function of the transceiver isolation layer 3 is to reduce the interference of the transmitted signal on the received signal. When the antenna array is transmitting and receiving at the same time, the power of the transmitted signal is usually much greater than that of the received signal. If there is no good isolation measure, the transmitted signal is easily coupled to the receiving channel, drowning the received signal, resulting in a decrease in receiving performance. The transmitting network layer 4 is mainly responsible for distributing, amplifying and phase adjusting the input transmitted signal, so as to effectively transmit the signal to the antenna radiation layer 1 for transmission. The reflection cavity 5 is mainly used to control the radiation direction of the antenna array and improve the gain. It reflects electromagnetic waves and changes the propagation path of electromagnetic waves, thereby enhancing the radiation of the antenna array in a specific direction.

[0025] This antenna uses Taylor distribution to shape the antenna radiation and reduces the first lobe to below -14dB by changing the power division ratio.

[0026] The radiation unit is a ridge horn, and its unit width is 0.9~1.1 times the Ku-band operating wavelength, ensuring that the antenna does not have grating lobes while widening the bandwidth.

[0027] The transmit and receive power splitter network layer of the antenna uses 0.25mm ultra-low loss dielectric material, which can not only ensure low-loss feeding, with a feeding loss of less than 1dB, but also have good flatness, no warping and deformation, and image standing wave characteristics, with antenna standing wave ≤1.5:1. The antenna consists of two layers of transmit and receive feeding networks, and the two synthetic ports meet the orthogonality of transmit and receive, and can achieve horizontal and vertical orthogonal operation of transmit and receive by rotating the antenna surface.

[0028] The antenna radiation layer 1 includes 256 speaker units. Specifically, considering that a Ku-band unit gain of the antenna is about 8-9.5 dBi, according to the formula: Gtotal = Gunit + 10•log(N)-Loss Where Gtotal: antenna subarray gain, in dB G unit: antenna unit gain, in dB N: number of units Loss: Network insertion loss It can be seen that if 256 speaker units are selected for the antenna subarray design and a multi-stage power division network is adopted, its insertion loss is estimated to be 1.5dB, and the antenna subarray gain is approximately Gtotal = 8~9.5+10•log(256)-1.5=30.5~32 dBi, which can meet the signal strength requirements for signal transmission and reception.

[0029] The antenna radiation layer 1 is made of PEI special plastic, and the ridge waveguide cavity array features are processed in layers and the surface is electroplated. Specifically, the antenna radiation layer 1 is made of 8mm non-metallic material PEI special plastic, and the ridge waveguide cavity array features are processed in layers, and the surface is electroplated to make its surface metallized and have good radiation characteristics.

[0030] The receiving network layer 2 and the transmitting network layer 4 are both made by etching a microstrip power division network on a dielectric board. Specifically, the receiving network layer 2 and the transmitting network layer 4 use a 0.25 mm low-loss dielectric board, and a 1-to-256 microstrip power division network is etched on the dielectric board, respectively, to achieve power synthesis of 256 units, and the receiving network loss is less than 1 dB.

[0031] The transceiver isolation layer 3 is made of an aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed and arranged on the thin plate at a position corresponding to the radiation horn. Specifically, the transceiver isolation layer 3 is made of an 8mm aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed on the thin plate at a position corresponding to the radiation horn, which is used to match the coupling of the transceiver, achieve better transceiver isolation, and reduce the full-band impedance.

[0032] The reflection cavity 5 is made of an aluminum alloy sheet, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed on the sheet corresponding to the radiation horn position to form a short-circuit surface. Specifically, the reflection cavity 5 is made of a 5mm aluminum alloy sheet, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed on the sheet corresponding to the radiation horn position to form a short-circuit surface to achieve better radiation characteristics.

[0033] The antenna radiation layer 1, the receiving network layer 2, the transceiver isolation layer 3, the transmitting network layer 4 and the reflective cavity 5 are connected through screws. Specifically, the five-layer structure is connected through screws, and the antenna radiation layer 1, the receiving network layer 2, the transceiver isolation layer 3, the transmitting network layer 4 and the reflective cavity 5 are stacked and connected as a whole, ensuring the assembly strength of the entire antenna surface. The receiving network layer 2 is flattened and fixed between the antenna radiation layer 1 and the transceiver isolation layer 3, and the transmitting network layer 4 is flattened and fixed between the transceiver isolation layer 3 and the reflective cavity 5.

[0034] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An ultra-thin Ku broadband flat antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises an antenna radiation layer (1), a receiving network layer (2), a transceiver isolation layer (3), a transmitting network layer (4) and a reflection cavity (5) which are stacked in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the antenna radiation layer (1) is composed of a speaker array, the receiving network layer (2) and the transmitting network layer (4) both adopt a microstrip feeding network, the receiving network layer (2) and the transmitting network layer (4) are both electrically connected to the antenna radiation layer (1), and the receiving port of the receiving network layer (2) is orthogonal to the transmitting port of the transmitting network layer (4).

2. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation layer (1) is made of PEI special plastic, has ridge waveguide cavity array features processed in layers, and is subjected to surface metal electroplating.

3. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation layer (1) includes 256 speaker units.

4. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving network layer (2) and the transmitting network layer (4) are both manufactured by etching a microstrip power division network on a dielectric plate.

5. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The transceiver isolation layer (3) is made of an aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed and arranged at a position on the thin plate corresponding to the radiation horn.

6. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reflection cavity (5) is made of an aluminum alloy thin plate, and a waveguide cavity structure is processed on the thin plate at a position corresponding to the radiation horn to form a short-circuit surface.

7. The ultra-thin Ku broadband planar antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna radiation layer (1), the receiving network layer (2), the transceiver isolation layer (3), the transmitting network layer (4) and the reflective cavity (5) are connected through screws.

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