Photovoltaic ice and snow removing system and method combined with unmanned aerial vehicle inspection

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic ice and snow removing system and method combined with unmanned aerial vehicle inspection, the system comprises a photovoltaic panel, an unmanned aerial vehicle with a camera and an ice and snow removing heating system, the photovoltaic panel is installed in a photovoltaic frame, and the photovoltaic frame is supported on the ground through a photovoltaic support; the unmanned aerial vehicle obtains the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel after high-altitude inspection; the ice and snow removing heating system comprises a heating system frame located on the back face of the photovoltaic frame, and a heat insulation module is installed on the bottom face of the heating system frame. The back face of the photovoltaic panel is divided into a plurality of heating areas, a temperature sensor K and a set of heating wires are arranged in each heating area on the heating system frame, and the heating wires are connected with the storage battery and the controller module through a controllable switch and wires. The ice and snow thickness on the photovoltaic panel is obtained through inspection of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the temperature of the environment and the temperature of the photovoltaic panel are obtained through the temperature sensor, the ice and snow are removed through the optimally-designed electric heating device, and efficient cost-to-cost operation of the photovoltaic electric field is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, and relates to unmanned aerial vehicle inspection, and specifically to a photovoltaic snow and ice removal system and method combined with unmanned aerial vehicle inspection. Background Art

[0002] Most traditional photovoltaic snow and ice removal systems directly add a resistance heating device on the back of the photovoltaic panel. In actual use, due to changes in ambient temperature and unstable thickness of ice and snow, the photovoltaic snow and ice removal system consumes a lot of power, has poor snow and ice removal effect, and has low electricity utilization rate, which ultimately leads to problems such as deep charging and discharging of the battery, reduced lifespan, and expensive subsequent maintenance costs.

[0003] Drones have been used in the field of photovoltaic field fault inspection. Compared with traditional manual fault inspection, drone inspection can achieve more accurate image recognition, with the characteristics of fast inspection speed, accurate detection, and high cost-effectiveness, which effectively improves the economic benefits of photovoltaic fields.

[0004] With the large-scale access of photovoltaic power generation to the power system, the intermittent and instability of photovoltaic power generation has brought potential challenges to the power grid. The ice and snow climate in northern my country has had a greater impact on the stability of photovoltaic power generation. Therefore, it is very necessary to design an ice and snow removal system for photovoltaic power fields to maintain the safe operation of the entire power system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic snow and ice removal system and method combined with drone inspection, which has a simple concept, optimized structure and high efficiency. The thickness of ice and snow on the photovoltaic panels is obtained through drone inspection, and the temperature of the environment and the photovoltaic panels is obtained respectively using temperature sensors at different positions. The ice and snow are removed using an optimized electric heating system, thereby realizing efficient and cost-effective operation of the photovoltaic field.

[0006] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection comprises a photovoltaic panel, a drone with a camera and a snow and ice removal heating system.

[0008] The photovoltaic panel is installed in a photovoltaic frame, and the photovoltaic frame is supported on the ground by a photovoltaic bracket; the drone obtains the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel after high-altitude inspection; the ice and snow removal heating system includes a heating system frame, and the heating system frame is located on the back of the photovoltaic frame, and an insulation module is installed on the bottom of the heating system frame; the back of the photovoltaic panel is divided into multiple heating areas, and a temperature sensor K and a group of heating wires are arranged on the heating system frame in each heating area, and the heating wires are connected to the battery and controller module through controllable switches and wires.

[0009] Further preferably, the battery and controller module are electrically connected to the corresponding photovoltaic panel, and the battery is charged through the photovoltaic panel under normal conditions.

[0010] Further preferably, a temperature sensor H for measuring the ambient temperature is installed below the photovoltaic frame; the temperature sensor H is connected to the photovoltaic frame or the heating system frame.

[0011] Further preferably, the thermal insulation module is made of asbestos thermal insulation material, foam thermal insulation material, fiber material or vacuum thermal insulation material.

[0012] Further preferably, the heating wire is a carbon fiber heating wire, an iron-chromium-aluminum heating wire or a nickel-chromium heating wire.

[0013] Further preferably, the temperature sensor K and the temperature sensor H output temperature signals to the battery and controller module.

[0014] Further preferably, the controller in the battery and controller module controls the photovoltaic panel to charge the battery and to control the controllable switch.

[0015] Further preferably, the battery in the battery and controller module is a lead-acid battery, a lithium battery or a rechargeable battery.

[0016] The basic principle of photovoltaic snow and ice removal using drone inspection described in the present invention is as follows:

[0017] Assume that the lowest height of each photovoltaic panel installed in the photovoltaic field is a, the highest height is b, and the length and width of each photovoltaic panel are c and d respectively. Figure 3 shown.

[0018] Based on the photos taken by the drone carrying the camera, the ratio of the estimated value of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel e1 to the lowest height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground a is α1, as shown in formula (1); the ratio of the estimated value of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel e2 to the highest height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground b is α2, as shown in formula (2); the ratio of the estimated value of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel e3 to the width of the photovoltaic panel d is α3, as shown in formula (3). Among them, e1, e2 and e3 are the estimated values ​​of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel. The thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel e is shown in formula (4).

[0019]

[0020] The area of ​​each photovoltaic panel is S, that is,

[0021] S=c×d (5)

[0022] The ambient temperature T0 is obtained by using the temperature sensor H, and the temperature sensor K of the corresponding heating area on the photovoltaic panel is used to obtain the corresponding Ki The temperature of the heating area t i .

[0023] The temperature at which the ice and snow on the photovoltaic panels can melt stably is set to T1. The temperature of the photovoltaic panels will rise after the ice and snow are cleared, and the heating system shutdown temperature is set to T2.

[0024] The temperature that the photovoltaic panel needs to raise to remove ice and snow is T', then

[0025]

[0026] Wherein T2>T1≥T0, T'>0℃.

[0027] Set 1m 2 The power consumed to remove 1cm thick ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel is xkwh. When the thickness of the ice and snow layer on each photovoltaic panel is e, the power consumed to remove the ice and snow is X1, as shown in formula (7). 2 The amount of electricity consumed for each 1°C increase in temperature when clearing 1cm thick ice and snow on a photovoltaic panel is X′.

[0028] X1=S×e×x (7)

[0029]

[0030] Temperature rise of photovoltaic panels after clearing ice and snow, 1m without ice and snow cover 2 The amount of electricity consumed for each 1°C increase in the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is y kwh, and the amount of electricity consumed for each photovoltaic panel to increase its temperature from T1 to T2 is X2, as shown in formula (9). The amount of electricity consumed by each photovoltaic panel to remove ice and snow is X, as shown in formula (10). Let Z be the amount of electricity stored in the battery. To remove ice and snow safely and stably, the amount of electricity stored in the battery Z must be greater than m times the amount of electricity consumed by the photovoltaic panel to remove ice and snow. m is the safety factor, and m can be set to a number greater than 1, as shown in formula (11).

[0031] X2=S×y×(T2-T1) (9)

[0032] X=X1+X2 (10)

[0033] Z>mX (11)

[0034] The photovoltaic snow and ice removal method using drone inspection is to obtain the thickness e of the snow and ice layer on the photovoltaic panel through photos taken by the drone, and the heating system is combined with the temperature sensor H and the temperature sensor K to remove the snow and ice on the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] A photovoltaic snow and ice removal method combined with drone inspection is as follows:

[0036] Step S1, set initial value and sampling: set the lowest height of each photovoltaic panel installed in the photovoltaic field to a, the highest height to b, and the length and width of each photovoltaic panel to c and d respectively. 1m 2 The energy consumed for clearing 1cm thick snow and ice on the photovoltaic panel and increasing the temperature by 1℃ is X'. 2 The amount of electricity consumed for each 1°C increase in the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is ykwh. The temperature at which the ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel can melt stably is T1, and the heating system shutdown temperature is set to T2.

[0037] Step S2, determine whether the photovoltaic panel can generate electricity, if so, the photovoltaic panel charges the battery, and return to step S2; otherwise, execute step S3;

[0038] Step S3, determine whether there is ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel, if so, calculate the thickness e of the ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel, measure the ambient temperature T0, and execute step S4; otherwise, return to step S2;

[0039] Step S4, determine whether the battery stored energy Z is greater than mX, if so, the heating system starts working and executes step S5; otherwise, return to step S2;

[0040] Step S5: Determine the Kth photovoltaic panel i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches T1, if so, execute step S6; otherwise, return to step S4;

[0041] Step S6: Determine the Kth photovoltaic panel i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches T2, if so, execute step S7; otherwise, return to step S4;

[0042] Step S7: According to the Kth i The temperature sensor on the photovoltaic panel in the heating area measures the temperature and determines the K i The temperature of the heating area reaches T2. If so, the K i If the controllable switch of the heating area is turned off, execute step S8; otherwise, return to step S7;

[0043] Step S8, determine whether the temperature of all heating areas has reached T2, if so, end; otherwise, return to step S6.

[0044] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0045] First, the present invention has the characteristics of fast inspection speed, accurate detection, high cost-effectiveness, etc., and can easily adapt to various harsh environments.

[0046] Second, the present invention is simple in concept, easy to implement and low in cost.

[0047] Third, the installation process of the present invention is extremely convenient, and it is particularly convenient and flexible whether it is used for the transformation of an existing system or the integration of a new system.

[0048] The present invention has a reasonable design, simple ideas, and strong maneuverability. It creatively applies drone inspections to the removal of ice and snow in photovoltaic fields. By calculating the thickness of ice and snow on photovoltaic panels, it achieves the effect of controlling the heating system, thereby optimizing the energy consumption of photovoltaic panels for removing ice and snow, and has good practical application value. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0049] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0051] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing a photovoltaic electric field photographed by a drone of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the device for removing ice and snow from the back of a photovoltaic panel in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing relevant data of a single photovoltaic panel in the present invention (the left side is a side view, and the right side is a main view).

[0054] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a heating system in the present invention is shown.

[0055] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the flow of the method for removing ice and snow from photovoltaic panels of the present invention.

[0056] In the figure: 1-photovoltaic panel, 2-photovoltaic bracket, 3-ground, 4-drone with camera, 5-shooting range, 6-photovoltaic frame, 7-heating system frame, 8-insulation module, 9-battery and controller module, 10-temperature sensor H, 11-heating wire, 12-controllable switch, 13-wire, 14-temperature sensor K (including K1, K2...K n ). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present invention, the scheme of the present invention will be further described below. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0058] In the description, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. It should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be internal communication between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein; it is obvious that the embodiments in the specification are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0060] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0061] A photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection includes a photovoltaic panel 1, a photovoltaic bracket 2, a drone 4 with a camera, a photovoltaic frame 6, a battery and controller module 9, a temperature sensor H10, a temperature sensor K14 and a snow and ice removal system.

[0062] like Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic panel 1 is installed in the photovoltaic frame 6, and the photovoltaic frame 6 is supported on the ground 3 by the photovoltaic bracket 2; the drone 4 obtains the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel 1 within the shooting range 5 after high-altitude inspection. After the photovoltaic panel is covered with the ice and snow layer, the existing technical software can calculate the thickness of the ice and snow layer based on the photos taken by the drone.

[0063] like Figure 3 As shown, the lowest height of each photovoltaic panel installed obliquely in the photovoltaic field is a, the highest height is b, and the length and width of each photovoltaic panel are c and d respectively.

[0064] like Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown, the snow and ice removal heating system includes a heating system frame 7, which is fixed on the back of the photovoltaic frame 6. The bottom of the heating system frame 7 is installed with a heat insulation module 8 to prevent heat loss. The back of the photovoltaic panel 1 is divided into multiple heating areas. A temperature sensor K14 and a group of heating wires 11 are arranged on the heating system frame 7 in each heating area. The temperature sensors K measuring different heating areas of the photovoltaic panel are K1, K2...K nThe heating wire 11 in each heating area is connected to the battery and controller module 9 through the controllable switch 12 and the wire 13. The battery and controller module 9 are electrically connected to the corresponding photovoltaic panel 1. Under normal conditions, the battery is charged, and the battery supplies power to the controller and each temperature sensor. Figure 2 As shown, a temperature sensor H10 for measuring the ambient temperature is installed below the photovoltaic frame 6; the temperature sensor H10 is connected to the photovoltaic frame 6 or the heating system frame 7. The temperature sensor K14 and the temperature sensor H10 output temperature signals to the battery and controller module 9.

[0065] In specific implementation, the battery can be lead-acid battery, lithium battery and rechargeable battery. The controller should realize the functions of charging the battery by photovoltaic power generation, switching control of the controllable switch in the heating system and identifying the temperature. Among them, the heating wire can be carbon fiber heating wire, iron-chromium-aluminum heating wire and nickel-chromium heating wire. The insulation module can be made of asbestos insulation material, foam insulation material, fiber material and vacuum insulation material. The controllable switch can be a switch circuit device designed with semiconductor full-control devices. A temperature sensor H is installed at a certain distance below the photovoltaic panel to collect the ambient temperature, and the remaining temperature sensors K are installed in different heating areas on the photovoltaic panel, which can simply divide the photovoltaic panel into different areas.

[0066] The working principle of the system of the present invention is as follows: the drone 4 with a camera takes pictures of the photovoltaic panels, and the thickness e of ice and snow on the photovoltaic panels is calculated based on the pictures, and the heating system starts to work. If the temperature of the photovoltaic panels does not reach T1, the heating system continues to work, and the battery and controller module 9 controls the corresponding controllable switch 12 to turn on, and connects the heating wire of the corresponding heating area to generate heat to melt the ice and snow layer on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1; if the temperature of a photovoltaic panel area reaches T2, it is determined that there is no ice and snow layer in this area of ​​the photovoltaic panel, and the battery and controller module 9 controls the controllable switch 12 in this area to close, so as to achieve the purpose of optimizing the consumption of the heating system.

[0067] The specific embodiments of the method of the present invention are as follows:

[0068] Step S1, set initial value and sampling: set the minimum height a of each photovoltaic panel installed in the photovoltaic field to 1.5m, the maximum height b to 3m, and the length c and width d of each photovoltaic panel to 1.2m and 3m respectively. According to the field measurement, 1m 2 The energy consumed by the photovoltaic panel to clear 1cm thick ice and snow for every 1℃ rise is 0.1kwh. 2 The electric energy y consumed for every 1°C increase in the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is 0.05 kwh, the temperature T1 at which the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel can stably melt is 4°C, the heating system shutdown temperature setting T2 is 6°C, the battery storage electric energy Z is 4 kwh, and the safety factor m is set to 1.1;

[0069] Step S2: determine that photovoltaic power generation is not possible, and execute step S3;

[0070] Step S3: determine whether there is ice or snow on the photovoltaic panel. According to equations (1) to (4), calculate the thickness of the ice or snow layer on the photovoltaic panel, e = 5 cm, and measure the ambient temperature T0 = -10°C.

[0071] Step S4, determine the battery storage energy Z, X1 = 3 × 1.2 × 5 × 0.1 = 1.8 kwh, X2 = 3 × 1.2 × 0.05 × (6-4) = 0.36 kwh, X = X1 + X2 = 2.16 kwh, the battery storage energy Z is 4 kwh greater than 1.1X (1.1 × 2.16 = 2.376 kwh), the heating system starts working, and execute step S5;

[0072] Step S5: Determine the Kth i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches 4°C, if so, execute step S6;

[0073] Step S6: Determine the Kth i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches 6°C, if so, execute step S7;

[0074] Step S7: Determine the Kth i The temperature of the photovoltaic panels in the heating area reaches 6°C, the first K i The controllable switch of the heating area is turned off, and step S8 is executed;

[0075] Step S8, determine whether the temperature of all heating areas has reached 6°C, if so, end; if the temperature of not all areas has reached 6°C, return to step S6.

[0076] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention, which enables those skilled in the art to understand or implement the present invention. Although detailed descriptions are given with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments, and they should all be covered by the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection, comprising a photovoltaic panel (1), a drone (4) with a camera, and a snow and ice removal heating system, wherein the photovoltaic panel (1) is installed in a photovoltaic frame (6), and the photovoltaic frame (6) is supported on the ground (3) by a photovoltaic bracket (2); Features: The drone (4) obtains the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel (1) through high-altitude inspection; The ice and snow removal heating system comprises a heating system frame (7), wherein the heating system frame (7) is located on the back of a photovoltaic frame (6), and a heat insulation module (8) is installed on the bottom of the heating system frame (7); the back of the photovoltaic panel (1) is divided into a plurality of heating areas, and a temperature sensor K (14) and a group of heating wires (11) are arranged on the heating system frame (7) in each heating area, and the heating wires (11) are connected to a battery and a controller module (9) via a controllable switch (12) and a wire (13).

2. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 1 is characterized by: The battery and controller module (9) is electrically connected to the corresponding photovoltaic panel (1).

3. A photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A temperature sensor H (10) for measuring the ambient temperature is installed below the photovoltaic frame (6); the temperature sensor H (10) is connected to the photovoltaic frame (6) or the heating system frame (7).

4. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 3 is characterized by: The heat insulation module (8) is made of asbestos heat insulation material, foam heat insulation material, fiber material or vacuum heat insulation material.

5. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 4 is characterized by: The heating wire (11) is a carbon fiber heating wire, an iron-chromium-aluminum heating wire, or a nickel-chromium heating wire.

6. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 5 is characterized by: The temperature sensor K (14) and the temperature sensor H (10) output temperature signals to the battery and controller module (9).

7. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 6 is characterized by: The controller in the battery and controller module (9) controls the photovoltaic panel to charge the battery and controls the controllable switch (12).

8. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal system combined with drone inspection according to claim 7 is characterized by: The battery in the battery and controller module (9) is a lead-acid battery, a lithium battery or a rechargeable battery.

9. A photovoltaic snow and ice removal method combined with drone inspection, characterized in that: The steps include: Step S1, setting initial values ​​and sampling: setting the minimum height of each photovoltaic panel installed obliquely in the photovoltaic field to a, the maximum height to b, and the length and width of each photovoltaic panel to c and d respectively; setting the temperature at which ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel can melt stably to T1, and setting the heating system shutdown temperature to T2; Step S2, determine whether the photovoltaic panel can generate electricity, if so, the photovoltaic panel charges the battery, and return to step S2; otherwise, execute step S3; Step S3, determine whether there is ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel, if so, calculate the thickness e of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel, measure the ambient temperature T0, and execute step S4; Otherwise, return to step S2; Step S4, determine whether the battery stored energy Z is greater than m times the energy X consumed by the photovoltaic panel to remove ice and snow, where m is a safety factor and is set to be greater than 1. If so, the heating system starts working and executes step S5; otherwise, return to step S2; Step S5: Determine the Kth photovoltaic panel i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches T1, if so, execute step S6; otherwise, return to step S4; Step S6: Determine the Kth photovoltaic panel i Whether the temperature of the heating area reaches T2, if so, execute step S7; otherwise, return to step S4; Step S7: According to the Kth i The temperature sensor on the photovoltaic panel in the heating area measures the temperature and determines the K i The temperature of the heating area reaches T2. If so, the K i The controllable switch of the heating area is turned off, and step S8 is executed; Otherwise, return to step S7; Step S8, determine whether the temperature of all heating areas has reached T2, if so, end; otherwise, return to step S6.

10. The photovoltaic snow and ice removal method combined with drone inspection according to claim 9 is characterized in that: Through the photos taken by the drone carrying the camera, the ratio of the estimated value e1 of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel to the lowest height a of the photovoltaic panel from the ground is α1, as shown in formula (1); the ratio of the estimated value e2 of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel to the highest height b of the photovoltaic panel from the ground is α2, as shown in formula (2); the ratio of the estimated value e3 of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel to the width d of the photovoltaic panel is α3, as shown in formula (3); wherein e1, e2 and e3 are the estimated values ​​of the thickness of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel, respectively, and the thickness e of the ice and snow layer on the photovoltaic panel is as shown in formula (4); The area of ​​each photovoltaic panel is S, that is, S=c×d (5) The ambient temperature T0 is obtained by using the temperature sensor H, and the temperature sensor K of the corresponding heating area on the photovoltaic panel is used to obtain the corresponding K i The temperature of the heating area t i ; Assume that the temperature that needs to be raised to remove ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel is T', then T′=T1-T0 (6) Where T2>T1≥T0, T'>0℃; Set 1m 2 The power consumed to remove 1cm thick ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel is xkwh. When the thickness of the ice and snow layer on each photovoltaic panel is e, the power consumed to remove the ice and snow is X1, as shown in formula (7); then 1m 2 The electric energy consumed for clearing 1cm thick ice and snow on the photovoltaic panel for every 1℃ rise is X'; X1=S×e×x (7) Temperature rise of photovoltaic panels after clearing ice and snow, 1m without ice and snow cover 2 The electric energy consumed for each 1°C increase in the temperature of the photovoltaic panel is y kwh, and the electric energy consumed for each photovoltaic panel to increase its temperature from T1 to T2 is X2, as shown in formula (9); the electric energy consumed by each photovoltaic panel to remove ice and snow is X, as shown in formula (10); let Z be the electric energy stored in the battery. If ice and snow are to be removed safely and stably, the electric energy stored in the battery Z must be greater than m times the electric energy X consumed by the photovoltaic panel to remove ice and snow. m is the safety factor, and m is set to a number greater than 1, as shown in formula (11); X2=S×y×(T2-T1) (9) X=X1+X2 (10) Z>mX (11).

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