Riveting type cardiac blood vessel anastomosis device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a riveting type cardiac vessel anastomosis device. The vascular anastomosis device comprises a riveter and a rivet; the riveter comprises a tensioning assembly, a riveter barrel, a clenching assembly and a pull wire, the riveter barrel is mounted on the tensioning assembly, the clenching assembly comprises a fixing plate, a clenching spring, a clamping ring and an eagle beak, the fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the riveter barrel, one end of the clenching spring abuts against the fixing plate, the other end of the clenching spring abuts against the clamping ring, the eagle beak is inserted into the clamping ring, one end of the pull wire is connected with the eagle beak, and the other end of the pull wire abuts against the clamping ring. The other end is connected with the tensioning assembly; the rivet comprises a riveting body and a pull rod, the riveting body comprises a hollow lantern ring and riveting discs located at the two ends of the lantern ring, one end of the pull rod is located in the lantern ring and connected with one riveting disc, and the other end of the pull rod is inserted into the eagle beak. The problems of long operation time, high technical difficulty, multiple postoperative complications and the like of traditional manual suture are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular to a riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device. Background Art

[0002] With the aging population, the incidence and mortality of atherosclerosis are increasing year by year. At present, there are about 270 million patients with carotid atherosclerosis and about 330 million patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular atherosclerosis in my country. Atherosclerosis is known as the number one killer of humans, far more than the second cause of death, tumors, by more than 1 times. Mild and moderate atherosclerosis can be treated with drugs and stents. Once it develops into severe atherosclerosis, the effect of drugs and stents is not good. Patients will die due to stenosis or even blockage of blood vessels such as the heart and brain caused by atherosclerosis. The only way to save lives is through bypass surgery. Bypass surgery requires the use of autologous blood vessels (including vascular materials such as the internal mammary artery, great saphenous vein, and radial artery) to cross the stenosis and anastomose with the diseased blood vessels, thereby diverting the blood flow and restoring blood supply to the ischemic area.

[0003] Currently, microsurgical sutures are used for manual vascular anastomosis in heart bypass surgery. With the help of a special surgical magnifying glass, the surgeon uses tiny sutures to sew the blood vessels together one stitch at a time. This suturing method requires the surgeon to have superb microsurgical skills and the operation takes a long time.

[0004] The existing technical problems of vascular anastomosis are: time-consuming and labor-intensive, the operation takes a long time, and increases the risk for patients during the operation. Serious problems such as bleeding, anastomotic distortion, and anastomotic obstruction are prone to occur during the suturing process, affecting the surgical effect and the patient's postoperative recovery. The technical requirements for doctors are extremely high, and it is difficult for young doctors to master them quickly, which limits the popularization and promotion of bypass surgery. The stability of the vascular connection after suturing is relatively poor, and it is easily affected by factors such as vascular wall sliding, which may lead to vascular stenosis or blockage after surgery. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device, which establishes a stable connection between blood vessels through a special riveting structure, replacing the traditional suturing method, and solving the problems of traditional manual suturing, such as long operation time, high technical difficulty, and many postoperative complications.

[0006] In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:

[0007] A riveting type cardiovascular anastomosis device comprises: a riveting gun and a rivet; the rivet gun comprises a tensioning assembly, a gun barrel, a biting assembly and a pulling wire, the gun barrel is mounted on the tensioning assembly, the biting assembly comprises a fixing plate, a biting spring, a retaining ring and a beak, the fixing plate is fixed to the inner wall of the gun barrel, one end of the biting spring abuts against the fixing plate, and the other end abuts against the retaining ring, the beak is inserted into the retaining ring, one end of the pulling wire is connected to the beak, and the other end is connected to the tensioning assembly; the rivet comprises a riveting body and a pulling rod, the riveting body comprises a hollow sleeve and rivet disks located at both ends of the sleeve, one end of the pulling rod is located in the sleeve and connected to one of the rivet disks, and the other end of the pulling rod is inserted into the beak.

[0008] Optionally, the tensioning assembly includes a first handle and a second handle, the first handle and the second handle are rotatably connected in the middle, the second handle is fixed on the gun barrel, and the pull wire is connected to the first handle.

[0009] Optionally, the fixing plate has a center hole, the pull wire is located inside the biting spring and passes through the center hole of the fixing plate, and the first handle drives the hawk's beak through the pull wire to overcome the elastic force of the biting spring and move toward the tensioning assembly.

[0010] Optionally, the retaining ring has a tapered hole in the middle, the diameter of the tapered hole close to the beak is larger than the diameter of the end away from the beak, the beak has a V-shaped gap in the middle, the pull rod of the rivet can be inserted in the V-shaped gap, and the outer wall of the beak is a cone that matches the tapered hole of the retaining ring.

[0011] Optionally, an anvil is provided at one end of the gun barrel away from the tensioning assembly, the anvil has a center hole, one end of the beak has a pointed beak, in an initial state of the beak, the pointed beak is inserted into the center hole of the anvil, the pull rod of the rivet is inserted into the beak through the center hole of the anvil, and the diameter of the center hole of the anvil is smaller than the diameter of the rivet disk.

[0012] Optionally, the rivet gun further includes a reset assembly, which includes a movable plate and a reset spring, wherein the movable plate is located in the gun barrel and is fixed on the pull wire, and two ends of the reset spring respectively abut against the movable plate and the second handle.

[0013] Optionally, a set gap is provided between the two rivet plates, a connecting port of the blood vessel is embedded in the gap, and one end of the pull rod is welded to the rivet plate.

[0014] Optionally, the pull rod and the rivet plate are connected by segment welding, and the pulling force required to break the welding point is greater than the pulling force that deforms the ring.

[0015] Optionally, the rivet is further provided with a nail protrusion, which is located on the inner end surface of the rivet plate and is used for nailing on the blood vessel.

[0016] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0017] In the vascular anastomosis device of the present invention, the rivet gun realizes precise control of the rivet through the coordinated action of the tensioning component, the biting component and the pull wire. The tensioning component provides power, the barrel serves as a support channel, and the biting component is responsible for firmly grasping the pull rod of the rivet. The riveted body of the rivet is composed of a hollow collar and rivet plates at both ends. The pull rod connects one of the rivet plates and is inserted into the olecranon. When in use, the riveted body covers the two blood vessel incisions, and the rivet gun pulls the pull rod to compress the collar, and the rivet plate presses the blood vessel wall to complete the anastomosis. Compared with the existing anastomosis method, the present invention simplifies the traditional suturing process, reduces the difficulty of the operation, can greatly save the operation time, get rid of the constraints of the surgical magnifying glass, improve the stability of the anastomosis effect, and avoid postoperative bleeding, anastomotic distortion and anastomotic obstruction. At the same time, the device can lower the threshold for young doctors to perform bypass surgery, so that more young doctors can master the bypass surgery technology.

[0018] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in the following description, and in part will become obvious from the following description, or will be learned through practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In addition, the spacing or size between the components is exaggerated to show the positions of the components, and the schematic diagram is only used for illustration.

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of an anastomotic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the interior of a gun barrel provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a clamping assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation between the rivet and the clamping assembly provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a reset component provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 is a three-dimensional diagram of a rivet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rivet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a rivet provided by an embodiment of the present invention installed on a blood vessel;

[0028] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of a tensioning assembly pulling a rivet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Fig.10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a blood vessel after anastomosis provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Fig.11 is a schematic diagram of blood flow after vascular anastomosis provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] In the figure: 1, tensioning assembly; 11, first handle; 12, second handle; 2, gun barrel; 21, anvil; 3, pull wire; 4, bite assembly; 41, fixed plate; 42, bite spring; 43, snap ring; 44, eagle beak; 5, reset assembly; 51, movable plate; 52, reset spring; 6, rivet; 61, rivet plate; 62, pull rod; 63, nail protrusion; 64, collar; 7, first blood vessel; 8, second blood vessel; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are illustrative and are intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. In addition, it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment proposes a riveted cardiac vascular anastomosis device, which is used for anastomosis of the aorta and the graft vessel (including vascular materials such as the internal mammary artery, the great saphenous vein, and the radial artery), and can also be used for anastomosis of the coronary artery and the graft vessel.

[0035] The riveting type cardiovascular anastomosis device comprises a riveting gun and a rivet 6, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3As shown, the rivet gun includes a tensioning assembly 1, a gun barrel 2, a biting assembly 4 and a pull wire 3, the gun barrel 2 is installed on the tensioning assembly 1, the biting assembly 4 includes a fixing plate 41, a biting spring 42, a retaining ring 43 and a beak 44, the fixing plate 41 is fixed to the inner wall of the gun barrel 2, one end of the biting spring 42 abuts on the fixing plate 41, and the other end abuts on the retaining ring 43, the beak 44 is inserted in the retaining ring 43, one end of the pull wire 3 is connected to the beak 44, and the other end is connected to the tensioning assembly 1; as shown Figure 4 , Figure 6 , Figure 7 As shown, the rivet 6 includes a riveting body and a pull rod 62. The riveting body includes a hollow ring 64 and rivet plates 61 located at both ends of the ring 64. One end of the pull rod 62 is located in the ring 64 and connected to one of the rivet plates 61. The other end of the pull rod 62 is inserted into the eagle's beak 44.

[0036] The pull wire 3 can be made of steel cable, and the gun barrel 2 can be made of a bendable flexible metal tube. The principle is similar to the wire tube of a bicycle brake, such as a tube body with spirally wound metal wire. This material has both the strength and durability of metal and good flexibility. It can be bent 360 degrees without dead angles, can adapt to different positions of the rivet gun in the patient's chest cavity, and is easy to operate.

[0037] The rivet 6 pull rod 62 is clamped and fixed through the coordinated action of the tensioning component 1, the biting component 4 and the pull wire 3. The rivet 6 adopts a split design, and the main body is a double rivet plate 61 structure with a ring 64. The pull rod 62 is embedded in the ring 64 and establishes a detachable connection with the rivet plate 61. This design replaces traditional suturing with mechanical riveting, achieves rapid and reliable connection of vascular anastomosis, significantly shortens the operation time, eliminates the risk of complications caused by individual differences in suturing technology, and reduces the requirements for microsurgery technology, so that more doctors can perform bypass surgery safely.

[0038] The tensioning assembly 1 includes a first handle 11 and a second handle 12, the first handle 11 and the second handle 12 are rotatably connected in the middle, the second handle 12 is fixed on the gun barrel 2, and the pull wire 3 is connected to the first handle 11. The handle is made of metal material of common surgical instruments, and the pull wire 3 is controlled by swinging the handle to drive the hawk beak 44 to move. When the doctor holds the handle and applies force, the pull wire 3 transmits power, so that the hawk beak 44 bites the rivet 6 rod 62, providing a stable gripping point for subsequent pulling action.

[0039] The fixing plate 41 has a central hole, the pull wire 3 is located inside the biting spring 42 and passes through the central hole of the fixing plate 41, and the first handle 11 drives the hawk beak 44 to overcome the elastic force of the biting spring 42 and move toward the tensioning assembly 1 through the pull wire 3. This structural layout cleverly uses the elastic force of the spring to provide resistance, ensuring the stability of the hawk beak 44 when biting the pull rod 62. During the surgical operation, the force applied by the doctor on the handle is transmitted through the pull wire 3, so that the hawk beak 44 overcomes the elastic force of the spring and moves toward the tensioning assembly 1, thereby achieving a firm grasp of the pull rod 62. This design ensures that the rivet 6 will not fall off accidentally during the pulling process, thereby improving the safety of the operation.

[0040] The retaining ring 43 has a tapered hole in the middle, and the diameter of the tapered hole at the end close to the beak 44 is larger than the diameter at the end away from the beak 44. The beak 44 has a V-shaped gap in the middle, and the pull rod 62 of the rivet 6 can be inserted in the V-shaped gap. The outer wall of the beak 44 is a cone that matches the tapered hole of the retaining ring 43.

[0041] The inner conical hole of the clamping ring 43 and the outer conical surface of the hawk beak 44 form a self-locking matching mechanism. When the hawk beak 44 is pulled, the conical surface matches to generate a radial contraction force, so that the V-shaped gap closes and clamps the pull rod 62. The cone angle design is optimized and calculated to balance the clamping force and the smoothness of movement within the range of 15-30 degrees. The surface of the V-shaped gap can be provided with anti-slip textures to provide sufficient friction when clamping the titanium alloy pull rod 62 without damaging the surface.

[0042] like Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, an anvil 21 is provided at one end of the barrel 2 away from the tensioning assembly 1, and the anvil 21 has a center hole. One end of the beak 44 has a pointed beak. In the initial state of the beak 44, the pointed beak is inserted into the center hole of the anvil 21, and the pull rod 62 of the rivet 6 is inserted into the beak 44 through the center hole of the anvil 21. The diameter of the center hole of the anvil 21 is smaller than the diameter of the rivet disk 61.

[0043] In the initial state, the tip of the olecranon 44 is inserted into the center hole of the anvil 21, and the pull rod 62 of the rivet 6 is inserted into the olecranon 44 through the center hole. When the pull rod 62 is pulled, the anvil 21 plays a supporting and limiting role for the riveted body. As the pull rod 62 is pulled, the collar 64 is compressed, and the distance between the two rivet discs 61 is reduced, so that the two blood vessels are pressed and fixed together to complete the anastomosis.

[0044] like Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the rivet gun also includes a reset assembly 5, which includes a movable plate 51 and a reset spring 52. The movable plate 51 is located in the barrel 2 and fixed on the pull wire 3. The two ends of the reset spring 52 are respectively against the movable plate 51 and the second handle 12.

[0045] The movable plate 51 is made of stainless steel and is fixed to the middle of the steel cable by interference fit. The reset spring 52 is made of medical-grade cobalt-chromium alloy wire, and its two ends respectively abut the movable plate 51 and the second handle 12. When the doctor releases the handle, the reset spring 52 releases elastic potential energy, pushing the movable plate 51 and the pull wire 3 connected thereto to reset, so that the hawk's beak 44 opens for the next operation, which ensures that the riveting gun can quickly return to its initial state, improves the efficiency of the operation, and can effectively save time, especially in multiple anastomosis operations.

[0046] like Figure 6 , Figure 7 , Fig. 9 As shown, there is a set gap between the two rivet plates 61 , the connecting port of the blood vessel is embedded in the gap, and one end of the pull rod 62 is welded to the rivet plate 61 .

[0047] The side of the riveted body is in the shape of an "I", and a gap is set between the two rivet plates 61 for embedding the blood vessel connection port. One end of the pull rod 62 is welded to the rivet plate 61. This structural design allows the pulling force to be transmitted to the rivet plate 61 through the welding point when the pull rod 62 is pulled, thereby driving the two rivet plates 61 to approach each other, compressing the ring 64 and pressing the blood vessel wall. The ring 64 is hollow and made of the same material as the rivet plate 61 (metal plate). It has good ductility and plasticity, which is convenient for extrusion, so that the two metal plates are close to and press the two blood vessel walls. During the operation, after the blood vessel connection port is embedded in the gap, the ring 64 is deformed by pulling the pull rod 62, generating sufficient pressure to fix the blood vessel wall between the two rivet plates 61, thereby achieving a tight connection of the blood vessel. This structure is simple and reliable, easy to operate, can effectively prevent blood vessel slippage, and improves the stability of the anastomosis.

[0048] The pull rod 62 is connected to the rivet plate 61 by segment welding and is connected to the riveted body through four welding points at the bottom of the rivet 6. The welding points have good strength, and the pulling force required to break the welding points is greater than the pulling force to deform the ring 64.

[0049] During the operation, when the first traction force is applied, the collar 64 begins to deform, and the two rivet plates 61 gradually approach and press the blood vessel wall; when the second traction force is applied, the welding point will break, and the pull rod 62 will be separated from the riveted body. This design ensures that the welding point will not break prematurely during the process of pressing the blood vessel wall, thereby ensuring that the riveted body can be fully deformed, achieving tight compression of the blood vessel and improving the anastomosis quality.

[0050] The rivet 6 is also provided with a nail protrusion 63, which is located on the inner end surface of the rivet plate 61 and is used to be nailed on the blood vessel. During the riveting process, when the two blood vessel walls are pressed between the rivet plates 61, the nail protrusion 63 can penetrate the blood vessel wall to play an anti-slip role. This effectively prevents the blood vessel from sliding relative to each other due to blood flow impact or other external forces after surgery, ensuring the long-term stability of the anastomosis. At the same time, the presence of the nail protrusion 63 also increases the friction between the blood vessel and the rivet plate 61, further improving the reliability of the anastomosis and reducing the risk of blockage or bleeding of the anastomosis after surgery.

[0051] In summary, the device is not only simple in design and low in production cost, but also easy to operate, greatly saving operation time, getting rid of the constraints of surgical magnifiers, and achieving accurate anastomosis effect without postoperative bleeding, anastomotic stoma distortion, and anastomotic stoma obstruction. In addition, the emergence of the device has greatly reduced the threshold for young doctors to perform bypass surgery.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] This embodiment provides an anastomosis method of the riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device described in Example 1, including the steps of incision, sleeve connection, bite, press and detach. First, an incision is made at a predetermined position of the blood vessel, and the riveted body is sleeved at the incision so that the blood vessel wall is located between the two rivet plates 61; then the pull rod 62 is inserted into the olecranon 44, and the pull wire 3 is pulled by the tensioning assembly 1 so that the olecranon 44 bites the pull rod 62; then a first traction force is applied to compress the ring 64 to press the blood vessel wall; finally, the traction force is increased to break the welding point, and the pull rod 62 is separated from the riveted body to complete the anastomosis. This method is easy to operate, greatly shortens the operation time, reduces the difficulty of the operation, avoids the problems of bleeding, twisting, and obstruction that may occur in traditional suturing methods, improves the safety and success rate of the operation, and is particularly suitable for young doctors to quickly master and apply.

[0054] Specifically, Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, when the first blood vessel 7 and the second blood vessel 8 are anastomosed, first a small incision is made at the expected anastomotic site with a coronary knife (the length of the opening is approximately 1 / 2-2 / 3 of the diameter of the metal plate of the riveted body, because the blood vessel has good flexibility and can be easily inserted between the metal plates), the riveted body is passed through the two incisions, and the two blood vessel walls are inserted between the two metal plates of the riveted body.

[0055] Then, insert the pull rod 62 of the rivet 6 into the hawk's beak 44 of the riveting gun, fix the gun barrel 2 with the left hand (maintain the fixed state at the anvil plate 21), and hold the handle of the riveting gun with the right hand, so that the hawk's beak 44 bites the pull rod 62. Slowly tighten the handle until there is obvious resistance, and the riveting gun enters the first gear at this time, and the two metal plates of the riveted body have pressed the two blood vessel walls.

[0056] Finally, the right hand applies more force to the riveting gun handle until a sense of fracture is felt, and the riveting gun is now in the second gear. The pull rod 62 of the rivet 6 is successfully separated from the riveted body, and the riveting gun and the pull rod 62 complex are removed. The distal end of the first blood vessel 7 is clamped with a titanium clip to complete the anastomosis of the two blood vessel walls.

[0057] Although the above describes the specific implementation mode of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications or variations that can be made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the technical solution of the present invention without creative work are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device, characterized in that: include: Rivet guns and rivets; The rivet gun comprises a tensioning assembly, a gun barrel, a biting assembly and a pull wire, wherein the gun barrel is mounted on the tensioning assembly, and the biting assembly comprises a fixing plate, a biting spring, a snap ring and a beak, wherein the fixing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the gun barrel, one end of the biting spring abuts against the fixing plate, and the other end abuts against the snap ring, the beak is inserted into the snap ring, and one end of the pull wire is connected to the beak, and the other end is connected to the tensioning assembly; The rivet comprises a riveted body and a pull rod, wherein the riveted body comprises a hollow ring and rivet plates at both ends of the ring, one end of the pull rod is located in the ring and connected to one of the rivet plates, and the other end of the pull rod is inserted in the hawk's beak.

2. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tensioning assembly includes a first handle and a second handle, wherein the first handle and the second handle are rotatably connected at the middle part, the second handle is fixed on the gun barrel, and the pull wire is connected to the first handle.

3. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing plate has a central hole, the pulling wire is located inside the biting spring and passes through the central hole of the fixing plate, and the first handle drives the hawk's beak through the pulling wire to overcome the elastic force of the biting spring and move toward the tensioning assembly.

4. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The retaining ring has a tapered hole in the middle, the diameter of the tapered hole close to the beak is larger than the diameter of the end away from the beak, the beak has a V-shaped gap in the middle, the pull rod of the rivet can be inserted in the V-shaped gap, and the outer wall of the beak is a cone that matches the tapered hole of the retaining ring.

5. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An anvil is provided at one end of the gun barrel away from the tensioning assembly, the anvil has a center hole, one end of the beak has a pointed beak, in the initial state of the beak, the pointed beak is inserted into the center hole of the anvil, the pull rod of the rivet is inserted into the beak through the center hole of the anvil, and the diameter of the center hole of the anvil is smaller than the diameter of the rivet disk.

6. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rivet gun also includes a reset assembly, which includes a movable plate and a reset spring. The movable plate is located in the gun barrel and is fixed on the pull wire. Two ends of the reset spring are respectively against the movable plate and the second handle.

7. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A set gap is provided between the two rivet plates, the connecting port of the blood vessel is embedded in the gap, and one end of the pull rod is welded and connected to the rivet plate.

8. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pull rod and the rivet plate are connected by segment welding, and the pulling force required to break the welding point is greater than the pulling force that deforms the ring.

9. The riveted cardiovascular anastomosis device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The rivet is also provided with a nail protrusion, which is located on the inner end surface of the rivet plate and is used for nailing on the blood vessel.

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