A dust reduction device for earth excavation and its dust reduction method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation and a dust reduction method thereof, which relates to the technical field of dust reduction. It includes a water tank, a horizontal plate is arranged directly above the water tank, an inclined plate is arranged directly above the horizontal plate, a first side plate is fixedly arranged on the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate, a large-diameter through hole is opened on the first side plate, a second side plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate, a small-diameter through hole is opened on the second side plate, spray nozzles are arranged above the inclined plate in parallel distribution, a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray nozzles, and the pair of rotating rings are respectively rotationally engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole. The present invention can drive the spray nozzles to swing during the spraying process, so as to increase the dust reduction range, enable the spray nozzles to improve the spray dust reduction effect as much as possible within a limited range, effectively reduce the particle concentration in the air, and reduce the impact of dust on the environment and human body.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of dust reduction, and particularly to a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation and a dust reduction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] When an excavator excavates earthwork, a large amount of dust will be generated on site. If the dust is not processed in time and diffuses into the air, it will affect the air quality. Therefore, during the earthwork excavation process, a dust reduction device is very important, which can effectively reduce the impact of dust on the surrounding environment and human health.

[0003] A Chinese utility model patent discloses a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation (publication number: CN220495935U), which includes a water tank and a wind tube. The wind tube is arranged on the water tank, and the wind tube is connected to the water tank through a rotating mechanism. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating column, a bracket, a reciprocating lead screw, a first motor, a toothed rod and a gear; one end of the rotating column is rotatably connected to the water tank, and the other end is fixedly connected to the wind tube; the bracket is installed on the top of the water tank, a chute is opened on one side of the bracket close to the rotating column, a slider is arranged in the chute, the reciprocating lead screw is arranged in the chute and penetrates through the slider, the first motor is installed at one end of the bracket, and the output shaft of the first motor is fixedly connected to the reciprocating lead screw; a toothed rod is fixedly connected to one side of the slider close to the rotating column, the toothed rod is arranged parallel to the chute, a gear is fixed on the outer side of the rotating column, and the toothed rod is meshed with the gear.

[0004] However, the above patent and most of the existing dust reduction devices cannot adjust the height and direction of the spray of the spray tube, which may not only affect the spraying effect, but also have a limited scope of application. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the deficiencies in the prior art, and to propose a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation and a dust reduction method thereof. The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation, which includes a water tank. A cross plate is arranged directly above the water tank. A pair of rectangular sleeves are respectively fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the water tank. A pair of U-shaped brackets are fixedly arranged on the front and rear side walls of the cross plate. The bottom sides of both sides of each U-shaped bracket are slidably inserted into the corresponding rectangular sleeves;

[0007] An inclined plate is arranged directly above the cross plate. A pair of first ear seats are fixedly arranged at the two corners on the left side of the top surface of the cross plate. The two ends on the left side of the inclined plate are respectively movably hinged to the pair of first ear seats; a U-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the cross plate. A pair of second ear seats are fixedly arranged on the right side edge of the bottom surface of the inclined plate. The bottom end of each second ear seat is provided with a hinged swing arm that is movably hinged. The bottom ends of the pair of hinged swing arms are respectively hinged on the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate;

[0008] On the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate, a first side plate is fixedly provided, and a large-diameter through hole is opened on the first side plate. On the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate, a second side plate is fixedly provided, and a small-diameter through hole is opened on the second side plate. Above the inclined plate, a spray tube is provided, and a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray tube. The pair of rotating rings are respectively rotationally engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole.

[0009] On the right side of the top surface of the cross plate, a first motor is fixedly provided. The first motor is located inside the opening of the U-shaped plate. In the middle of the motor shaft of the first motor, a concentrically fixed double-notch gear is sleeved. At the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor, a pair of staggeredly distributed collars are rotationally sleeved. On one side of each collar, a sector gear is fixedly provided, and the pair of sector gears are respectively located in the notches on both sides of the double-notch gear.

[0010] Preferably, on the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve, a vertically distributed first elliptical pin hole is opened. In the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank, a pair of symmetrically distributed fixed shafts are respectively rotationally inserted. At the outer end of each fixed shaft, a fixed swing arm is fixedly provided. At the outer end of each fixed swing arm, a horizontally distributed second elliptical pin hole is opened. And at the bottom ends of both sides of each U-shaped bracket, a first pin shaft is fixedly provided. The outer end of each first pin shaft slides through and is inserted in the corresponding first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole on one side.

[0011] Preferably, in the middle of each fixed shaft, a concentrically fixed fixed gear is sleeved. In the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank, a pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders are fixedly provided. At the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder, a U-shaped double-sided rack with a downward opening is fixedly provided. Each U-shaped double-sided rack is located between a corresponding pair of fixed gears, and the U-shaped double-sided rack is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding pair of fixed gears.

[0012] Preferably, on the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate, a pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are opened. On both side walls of each rectangular sliding hole, a buffer spring is fixedly provided. Inside each rectangular sliding hole, a slidably connected T-shaped slider is engaged. The outer side surface of each T-shaped slider is movably hinged to the bottom end of the corresponding articulated swing arm. Inside the U-shaped plate, a reciprocating sliding plate is placed suspended. The front and rear ends of the reciprocating sliding plate are fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped sliders.

[0013] Preferably, in the middle of the reciprocating sliding plate, a third elliptical pin hole distributed front and rear is opened. On the right side of the top surface of the cross plate, a driven shaft is rotationally inserted. The driven shaft is located in the middle inside the U-shaped plate. In the middle and upper part of the driven shaft, a concentrically fixed driven gear is sleeved. At the top end of the driven shaft, a concentrically fixed driven turntable is sleeved. On the top surface of the driven turntable, an eccentrically distributed second pin shaft is fixedly provided. The top end of the second pin shaft slides and is engaged in the third elliptical pin hole.

[0014] Preferably, the double-notch gear and the pair of sector gears are alternately meshed with the driven gear;

[0015] A tension spring is fixedly arranged on each sector gear, and one end of each tension spring away from the sector gear is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear.

[0016] Preferably, a fixed bracket is fixedly arranged inside the left port of the spray tube. A booster fan with an output end facing inwards is fixedly arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket. A plurality of evenly distributed spiral air blades are fixedly arranged at the end of the fan shaft of the booster fan. An annular pipe is fixedly arranged inside the right port of the spray tube, and a plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles are arranged on the inner ring surface of the annular pipe.

[0017] A booster pump is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inclined plate. Flexible water inlet pipes and flexible water outlet pipes are respectively arranged at the water inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump. A rectangular through hole is opened in the middle of the cross plate. The bottom end of the flexible water inlet pipe passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle of the inner top wall of the water tank and extends to the bottom of the water tank. An elliptical through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray tube, and the top end of the flexible water outlet pipe passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected to the annular pipe in a penetrating manner.

[0018] Preferably, a third ear seat is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the right port of the spray tube. A third pin shaft is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the third ear seat. A second motor with an output end facing outwards is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate. A concentrically fixed turntable is sleeved at the end of the motor shaft of the second motor. An eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the turntable. A reciprocating swing arm is hinged in the middle of the right side wall of the inclined plate. A fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm. The outer ends of the third pin shaft and the fourth pin shaft are respectively slidably inserted into the fourth elliptical pin hole.

[0019] Preferably, fixing sliding holes are opened at the four corners of the top surface of the water tank. Fixing sliding rods are fixedly arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the cross plate. The bottom end of each fixing sliding rod is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixing sliding hole. Rolling wheels are arranged at the four corners of the bottom surface of the water tank, and a water injection port is opened at the top of the left side wall of the water tank.

[0020] The present invention also provides a dust reduction method for a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation. Using the above-mentioned dust reduction device for earthwork excavation, it includes the following steps:

[0021] Step 1, inject an appropriate amount of water into the water tank through the water injection port, and simultaneously start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders. Control the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders to shorten, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack to slide downwards, and the U-shaped double-sided rack meshes to drive the fixed gear and the fixed swing arm to swing upwards along the axis of the fixed shaft.

[0022] Under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, drive the U-shaped bracket to slide upwards along the rectangular sleeve, simultaneously drive the fixed sliding rod to slide upwards along the fixed sliding hole, and drive the cross plate, the inclined plate and the spray tube to rise to any position within the stroke range of the electric telescopic cylinder.

[0023] Step 2: Start the first motor. The motor shaft of the first motor drives the double-notch gear and a pair of sector gears to rotate synchronously. The double-notch gear meshes with and drives the driven gear and the driven turntable to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft. Then, the double-notch gear disengages from the driven gear, and a sector gear meshes with the driven gear, causing a brief pause in rotation. Then, the sector gear drives the driven gear to rotate along the notch of the double-notch gear;

[0024] Subsequently, the double-notch gear meshes again with and drives the driven gear and the driven turntable to rotate. Then, the double-notch gear disengages from the driven gear again, and the other sector gear meshes with the driven gear, causing a brief pause in rotation. So, within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear and the driven gear, the driven gear and the driven turntable experience two brief pauses in rotation;

[0025] Step 3: Under the limiting effect formed by the second pin shaft and the third elliptical pin hole, drive the reciprocating slide plate and a pair of T-shaped sliders to reciprocate along a pair of rectangular sliding holes. When the reciprocating slide plate slides to the leftmost and rightmost positions, there are brief pauses in sliding;

[0026] Under the hinge action of a pair of hinged swing arms, drive the inclined plate and the spray barrel to reciprocate and swing along the first ear seat through a pair of first ear seats and a pair of second ear seats. When the inclined plate swings to the maximum and minimum inclination angles, the inclined plate and the spray barrel both experience brief pauses in swinging;

[0027] Step 4: Start the second motor. The motor shaft of the second motor drives the turntable and the fourth pin shaft to rotate synchronously. Under the limiting effect formed by the third pin shaft, the fourth pin shaft and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin shaft drives the reciprocating swing arm to reciprocate along the fourth elliptical pin hole. The reciprocating swing arm then drives the third pin shaft, the third ear seat, and the spray barrel to rotate reciprocally. One of the rotating rings reciprocates along the large-diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring reciprocates along the small-diameter through hole;

[0028] Step 5: Start the booster pump. Under the action of the booster pump, the water in the water tank enters the booster pump along the flexible inlet pipe and is pressurized, then enters the annular pipe along the flexible outlet pipe and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzles. Synchronously start the booster fan. Under the action of the booster fan, drive a number of spiral air blades to rotate at high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral air blades, the outside air carries the atomized water droplets along the left port of the spray barrel and sprays them out through the right port of the spray barrel, and conducts dust suppression operations on the dust in the surrounding air.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] 1. In the present invention, by adjusting the height of the spray tube up and down, the spraying height can be adjusted according to actual needs to adapt to different working scenarios and requirements, so that the atomized dust suppression covers a large range, is applicable to industrial and environmental governance projects of various scales, and has a wide application range;

[0031] 2. In the present invention, when the spray tube is reciprocally tilted and adjusted, when it swings to the maximum tilt angle and the minimum tilt angle, the spray tube has a short pause in swinging, so that the spraying time at the corresponding position can be extended and the dust suppression effect can be improved;

[0032] In summary, the present invention can drive the spray tube to swing during the spraying process to increase the dust suppression range, enable the spray tube to improve the spray dust suppression effect as much as possible within a limited range, effectively reduce the particle concentration in the air, and reduce the impact of dust on the environment and the human body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, form a part of this application, and the schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is a sectional schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 is an exploded sectional schematic diagram of the spray tube, booster fan, and booster pump in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of the water tank and the cross plate in the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the cross plate and the inclined plate in the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of the cross plate and the inclined plate in the present invention;

[0040] Figure 7 is a meshing schematic diagram of the double-notch gear and the driven gear in the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 is an exploded schematic diagram of the double-notch gear and the driven gear in the present invention;

[0042] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the inclined plate and the spray tube in the present invention;

[0043] Figure 10 is an exploded schematic diagram of the inclined plate and the spray tube in the present invention;

[0044] Reference numerals in the figure: 1. water tank; 11. fixed sliding rod; 12. U-shaped bracket; 13. first pin shaft; 14. rectangular sleeve; 15. fixed gear; 16. fixed swing arm; 17. electric telescopic cylinder; 18. U-shaped double-sided rack; 2. cross plate; 21. first ear seat; 22. U-shaped plate; 23. reciprocating sliding plate; 24. T-shaped slider; 25. buffer spring; 26. second ear seat; 27. articulated swing arm; 3. inclined plate; 31. first side plate; 32. second side plate; 33. spray nozzle; 34. swivel ring; 35. fixed bracket; 36. booster fan; 37. spiral air blade; 38. third ear seat; 39. third pin shaft; 4. annular pipe; 41. atomizing nozzle; 42. booster pump; 43. flexible water outlet pipe; 44. flexible water inlet pipe; 45. second motor; 46. turntable; 47. fourth pin shaft; 48. reciprocating swing arm; 5. driven shaft; 51. driven gear; 52. driven turntable; 53. second pin shaft; 54. first motor; 55. double-notch gear; 56. collar; 57. sector gear; 58. tension spring. Detailed implementation mode

[0045] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a dust reduction device for earthwork excavation. Refer to Figure 1-10 , including a water tank 1. A horizontally distributed cross plate 2 is provided directly above the water tank 1. A pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sleeves 14 are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1 respectively. A pair of symmetrically distributed U-shaped brackets 12 are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the cross plate 2. The bottom sides of both sides of each U-shaped bracket 12 are slidably inserted into the corresponding rectangular sleeve 14.

[0047] An inclined plate 3 is provided obliquely above the cross plate 2. A pair of symmetrically distributed first ear seats 21 are fixedly provided at the two corners on the left side of the top surface of the cross plate 2. The two ends on the left side of the inclined plate 3 are respectively movably hinged to a pair of first ear seats 21. A U-shaped plate 22 is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the cross plate 2. A pair of symmetrically distributed second ear seats 26 are fixedly provided on the right side edge of the bottom surface of the inclined plate 3. An articulated swing arm 27 is movably hinged to the bottom end of each second ear seat 26. The bottom ends of a pair of articulated swing arms 27 are respectively hinged to the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate 22.

[0048] On the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate 3, a first side plate 31 is fixedly provided. A large-diameter through hole is formed in the first side plate 31. On the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate 3, a second side plate 32 is fixedly provided. A small-diameter through hole is formed in the second side plate 32. Above the inclined plate 3, spray nozzles 33 are arranged in parallel. On both sides of each spray nozzle 33, a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings 34 are sleeved. The pair of rotating rings 34 are respectively rotationally engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole.

[0049] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, fixing sliding holes are formed at the four corners of the top surface of the water tank 1. Fixing sliding rods 11 are fixedly provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the cross plate 2. The bottom end of each fixing sliding rod 11 is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixing sliding hole. The fixing sliding rod 11 slides along the fixing sliding hole. Rollers are provided at the four corners of the bottom surface of the water tank 1, and a water injection port is formed at the top of the left side wall of the water tank 1; an appropriate amount of water can be injected into the water tank 1 through the water injection port.

[0050] Embodiment Two: On the basis of Embodiment One, this embodiment further includes the following content:

[0051] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, vertical first elliptical pin holes are formed on the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve 14. A pair of symmetrically distributed fixed shafts are respectively rotationally inserted in the middle parts of the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1. A fixed swing arm 16 is fixedly provided at the outer end of each fixed shaft. A horizontal second elliptical pin hole is formed at the outer end of each fixed swing arm 16. And a first pin shaft 13 is fixedly provided at the bottom ends of both sides of each U-shaped bracket 12. The outer end of each first pin shaft 13 is slidably inserted through the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole on the corresponding side;

[0052] A concentrically fixed fixed gear 15 is sleeved in the middle of each fixed shaft. A pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders 17 are fixedly provided in the middle parts of the front and rear side walls of the water tank 1. A U-shaped double-sided rack 18 with an opening facing down is fixedly provided at the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder 17. Each U-shaped double-sided rack 18 is located between a corresponding pair of fixed gears 15, and the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 is respectively meshed with the corresponding pair of fixed gears 15;

[0053] Controlling the telescopic rod of the electric telescopic cylinder 17 to shorten can drive the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 to slide downward. The U-shaped double-sided rack 18 meshes with and drives the fixed gear 15 and the fixed swing arm 16 to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft 13 and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket 12 can be driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve 14, and the cross plate 2, the inclined plate 3, and the spray nozzle 33 can be driven to rise to any position within the stroke range of the electric telescopic cylinder 17.

[0054] Embodiment Three: On the basis of Embodiment Two, this embodiment further includes the following content:

[0055] As Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, a pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are formed in the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate 22. Buffer springs 25 are fixedly arranged on both side walls of each rectangular sliding hole. A T-shaped slider 24 connected by sliding is clamped inside each rectangular sliding hole. The outer side surface of each T-shaped slider 24 is movably hinged to the bottom end of the corresponding articulated swing arm 27. A reciprocating slide plate 23 is placed suspended inside the U-shaped plate 22. The front and rear end parts of the reciprocating slide plate 23 are fixedly connected to a pair of T-shaped sliders 24;

[0056] A third elliptical pin hole distributed front and rear is formed in the middle of the reciprocating slide plate 23. A driven shaft 5 is rotatably inserted into the right side of the top surface of the cross plate 2. The driven shaft 5 is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate 22. A driven gear 51 is concentrically and fixedly sleeved on the upper middle part of the driven shaft 5. A driven turntable 52 is concentrically and fixedly sleeved on the top end of the driven shaft 5. An eccentrically distributed second pin shaft 53 is fixedly arranged on the top surface of the driven turntable 52. The top end of the second pin shaft 53 is slidably clamped in the third elliptical pin hole;

[0057] A first motor 54 with an upward output end is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the cross plate 2. The first motor 54 is located inside the opening of the U-shaped plate 22. A double-notch gear 55 is concentrically and fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the motor shaft of the first motor 54; A pair of alternately distributed collar 56 are rotatably sleeved on the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor 54. A sector gear 57 is fixedly arranged on one side of each collar 56. And a pair of sector gears 57 are respectively located in the two notches on both sides of the double-notch gear 55. The double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57 are alternately meshed with the driven gear 51; The motor shaft of the first motor 54 can drive the double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57 to rotate synchronously; A tension spring 58 is fixedly arranged on each sector gear 57. One end of each tension spring 58 away from the sector gear 57 is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear 55; Under the combined meshing action of the double-notch gear 55 and the pair of sector gears 57, the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 can be driven to rotate and pause briefly twice during the rotation process.

[0058] During the rotation of the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52, under the limiting action formed by the second pin shaft 53 and the third elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating slide plate 23 is driven to slide reciprocally. When the reciprocating slide plate 23 slides to the leftmost and rightmost positions, it will pause sliding briefly; Further, under the hinged action of a pair of articulated swing arms 27, the inclined plate 3 and the spray tube 33 are driven to swing reciprocally and obliquely. And when the inclined plate 3 swings to the maximum inclination angle and the minimum inclination angle, the inclined plate 3 and the spray tube 33 also pause swinging briefly.

[0059] Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 3, this embodiment further includes the following content:

[0060] As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, a fixed bracket 35 is fixedly installed inside the left port of the spray tube 33. A booster fan 36 with its output end facing inwards is fixedly installed in the middle of the fixed bracket 35. A plurality of evenly distributed spiral blades 37 are fixedly installed at the end of the fan shaft of the booster fan 36. Under the action of the booster fan 36, a plurality of spiral blades 37 can be driven to rotate at high speed;

[0061] An annular pipe 4 is fixedly installed inside the right port of the spray tube 33. A plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles 41 are arranged on the inner ring surface of the annular pipe 4. Under the strong action of the spiral blades 37, the outside air carries atomized water droplets along the left port of the spray tube 33 and sprays out through the right port of the spray tube 33;

[0062] A booster pump 42 is fixedly installed in the middle of the inclined plate 3. Flexible inlet pipe 44 and flexible outlet pipe 43 are respectively arranged at the inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump 42. A rectangular through hole is opened in the middle of the cross plate 2. The bottom end of the flexible inlet pipe 44 passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle part of the inner top wall of the water tank 1 and extends to the bottom of the water tank 1. An elliptical through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray tube 33. The top end of the flexible outlet pipe 43 passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected to the annular pipe 4 in a penetrating manner. Under the action of the booster pump 42, the water in the water tank 1 enters the booster pump 42 along the flexible inlet pipe 44 and is pressurized, and then enters the annular pipe 4 along the flexible outlet pipe 43.

[0063] Embodiment Five: On the basis of Embodiment Four, this embodiment further includes the following content:

[0064] As Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown, a third ear seat 38 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the right port of the spray tube 33. A third pin shaft 39 is fixedly installed at the bottom end of the third ear seat 38. A second motor 45 with its output end facing outwards is fixedly installed at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate 32. A concentrically fixedly connected turntable 46 is sleeved at the end of the motor shaft of the second motor 45. The motor shaft of the second motor 45 can drive the turntable 46 to rotate synchronously;

[0065] An eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft 47 is fixedly installed on the outer side surface of the turntable 46. A reciprocating swing arm 48 is hinged in the middle of the right side wall of the inclined plate 3. A fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm 48. The outer ends of the third pin shaft 39 and the fourth pin shaft 47 are respectively slidably inserted into the fourth elliptical pin hole. Under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft 39, the fourth pin shaft 47 and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating swing arm 48 can be driven to swing reciprocally, and then the spray tube 33 and a pair of rotating rings 34 are driven to rotate reciprocally along the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole through the third ear seat 38.

[0066] Specifically, the working principle and operation method of the present invention are as follows:

[0067] Step 1: Inject an appropriate amount of water into the water tank 1 through the water injection port. Synchronously start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders 17, control the shortening of the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders 17, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 to slide downward, and the U-shaped double-sided rack 18 meshes to drive the fixed gear 15 and the fixed swing arm 16 to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft;

[0068] Under the limiting effect formed by the first pin shaft 13 and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, drive the U-shaped bracket 12 to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve 14, synchronously drive the fixed slide bar 11 to slide upward along the fixed slide hole, and drive the cross plate 2, the inclined plate 3, and the spray tube 33 to rise to any position within the stroke range of the electric telescopic cylinder 17;

[0069] Step 2: Start the first motor 54. The motor shaft of the first motor 54 drives the double-notch gear 55 and a pair of sector gears 57 to rotate synchronously. The double-notch gear 55 meshes to drive the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft 5. Then, the double-notch gear 55 disengages from the driven gear 51, and a sector gear 57 meshes with the driven gear 51, resulting in a brief pause in rotation. Then, the sector gear 57 drives the driven gear 51 to rotate again along the notch of the double-notch gear 55;

[0070] Subsequently, the double-notch gear 55 meshes again to drive the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 to rotate. Then, the double-notch gear 55 disengages from the driven gear 51 again, and the other sector gear 57 meshes with the driven gear 51, resulting in a brief pause in rotation. So, within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear 55 and the driven gear 51, the driven gear 51 and the driven turntable 52 experience two brief pauses in rotation;

[0071] Step 3: Under the limiting effect formed by the second pin shaft 53 and the third elliptical pin hole, drive the reciprocating slide plate 23 and a pair of T-shaped sliders 24 to reciprocate along a pair of rectangular slide holes. When the reciprocating slide plate 23 slides to the leftmost and rightmost positions, it experiences brief pauses in sliding;

[0072] Under the hinge action of a pair of hinged swing arms 27, drive the inclined plate 3 and the spray tube 33 to reciprocate and tilt along the first ear seat 21 through a pair of first ear seats 21 and a pair of second ear seats 26. When the inclined plate 3 swings to the maximum tilt angle and the minimum tilt angle, the inclined plate 3 and the spray tube 33 both experience brief pauses in swinging;

[0073] Step 4: Start the second motor 45. The motor shaft of the second motor 45 drives the turntable 46 and the fourth pin shaft 47 to rotate synchronously. Under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft 39, the fourth pin shaft 47 and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin shaft 47 drives the reciprocating swing arm 48 to swing reciprocally along the fourth elliptical pin hole. The reciprocating swing arm 48 then drives the third pin shaft 39, the third ear seat 38 and the spray barrel 33 to rotate reciprocally. One of the rotating rings 34 rotates reciprocally along the large-diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring 34 rotates reciprocally along the small-diameter through hole;

[0074] Step 5: Start the booster pump 42. Under the action of the booster pump 42, the water in the water tank 1 enters the booster pump 42 along the flexible water inlet pipe 44 and is pressurized, and then enters the annular pipe 4 along the flexible water outlet pipe 43 and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzle 41; Start the booster fan 36 synchronously. Under the action of the booster fan 36, a number of spiral air blades 37 are driven to rotate at high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral air blades 37, the outside air carries the atomized water droplets along the left port of the spray barrel 33 and is ejected from the right port of the spray barrel 33, and the dust in the surrounding air is dust-settling.

[0075] The present invention can drive the spray barrel to swing during the spraying process to increase the dust-settling range, so that the spray barrel can improve the spray dust-settling effect as much as possible within a limited range, effectively reduce the particle concentration in the air, and reduce the impact of dust on the environment and human body.

[0076] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A dust suppression device for earthwork excavation, characterized in that: It comprises a water tank (1), a horizontal plate (2) is provided directly above the water tank (1), a pair of rectangular sleeves (14) are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1), a pair of U-shaped brackets (12) are fixedly provided on the front and rear side walls of the horizontal plate (2), and the bottoms of both sides of each U-shaped bracket (12) are slidably inserted into the corresponding rectangular sleeves (14); An inclined plate (3) is provided directly above the transverse plate (2); a pair of first ear seats (21) are fixedly provided at two left corners of the top surface of the transverse plate (2); and the left two ends of the inclined plate (3) are respectively movably hinged to the pair of first ear seats (21); a U-shaped plate (22) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the transverse plate (2); and a pair of second ear seats (26) are fixedly provided on the right side of the bottom surface of the inclined plate (3); and the bottom end of each second ear seat (26) is provided with a movably hinged articulated swing arm (27); and the bottom ends of the pair of articulated swing arms (27) are respectively hingedly provided on the front and rear sides of the U-shaped plate (22); A first side plate (31) is fixedly provided on the left side of the top surface of the inclined plate (3), and a large-diameter through hole is formed on the first side plate (31); a second side plate (32) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the inclined plate (3), and a small-diameter through hole is formed on the second side plate (32); a spray barrel (33) is provided above the inclined plate (3), and a pair of concentrically fixed rotating rings (34) are respectively sleeved on both sides of the spray barrel (33), and the pair of rotating rings (34) are rotatably engaged in the large-diameter through hole and the small-diameter through hole respectively; A first motor (54) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate (2), the first motor (54) is located in the opening of the U-shaped plate (22), and a concentrically fixed double-notch gear (55) is sleeved on the middle of the motor shaft of the first motor (54); a pair of staggeredly distributed collars (56) are rotatably sleeved on the top and bottom of the motor shaft of the first motor (54), a fan-shaped gear (57) is fixedly provided on one side of each collar (56), and the pair of fan-shaped gears (57) are respectively located in the notches on both sides of the double-notch gear (55); A pair of symmetrically distributed rectangular sliding holes are provided on the front and rear side walls of the U-shaped plate (22), and a buffer spring (25) is fixedly provided on the inner side walls of each rectangular sliding hole. A slidably connected T-shaped sliding block (24) is engaged inside each rectangular sliding hole, and the outer side surface of each T-shaped sliding block (24) is movably hinged to the bottom end of the hinged swing arm (27) on the corresponding side. A reciprocating sliding block (23) is provided in the U-shaped plate (22) and is suspended. The front and rear ends of the reciprocating sliding block (23) are fixedly connected to the pair of T-shaped sliding blocks (24); A third elliptical pin hole distributed frontward and rearward is opened in the middle of the reciprocating slide plate (23); a driven shaft (5) is rotatably inserted on the right side of the top surface of the horizontal plate (2); the driven shaft (5) is located in the middle of the U-shaped plate (22); a concentrically fixed driven gear (51) is sleeved on the middle and upper part of the driven shaft (5); a concentrically fixed driven rotating disk (52) is sleeved on the top end of the driven shaft (5); an eccentrically distributed second pin shaft (53) is fixed on the top surface of the driven rotating disk (52); and the top end of the second pin shaft (53) is slidably engaged in the third elliptical pin hole; The double-notch gear (55) and a pair of sector gears (57) are alternately meshed and connected with the driven gear (51); A tension spring (58) is fixedly arranged on each sector gear (57), and one end of each tension spring (58) away from the sector gear (57) is fixedly connected to the double-notch gear (55).

2. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first elliptical pin hole is vertically arranged on the outer side surface of each rectangular sleeve (14); a pair of symmetrically arranged fixed shafts are rotatably inserted in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1); a fixed swing arm (16) is fixedly arranged on the outer end of each fixed shaft; a second elliptical pin hole is horizontally arranged on the outer end of each fixed swing arm (16); and a first pin shaft (13) is fixedly arranged on the bottom end of both sides of each U-shaped bracket (12); and the outer end of each first pin shaft (13) slides through the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole inserted on the corresponding side.

3. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A concentrically fixed fixed gear (15) is sleeved in the middle of each fixed shaft, a pair of symmetrically distributed electric telescopic cylinders (17) are fixed in the middle of the front and rear side walls of the water tank (1), a U-shaped double-sided rack (18) with an opening facing downward is fixed at the end of the telescopic rod of each electric telescopic cylinder (17), each U-shaped double-sided rack (18) is located between the corresponding pair of fixed gears (15), and the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) is respectively meshed and connected with the corresponding pair of fixed gears (15).

4. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 3, characterized in that: A fixed bracket (35) is fixedly arranged in the left port of the spray barrel (33), a booster fan (36) with an output end facing inward is fixedly arranged in the middle of the fixed bracket (35), and a plurality of evenly distributed spiral blades (37) are fixedly arranged at the fan shaft end of the booster fan (36); an annular tube (4) is fixedly arranged in the right port of the spray barrel (33), and a plurality of evenly distributed atomizing nozzles (41) are arranged on the inner annular surface of the annular tube (4); A booster pump (42) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the inclined plate (3), and a flexible water inlet pipe (44) and a flexible water outlet pipe (43) are respectively arranged at the water inlet and outlet ends of the booster pump (42). A rectangular through hole is opened in the middle of the horizontal plate (2), and the bottom end of the flexible water inlet pipe (44) passes through the rectangular through hole, the middle of the top wall of the water tank (1) and extends to the bottom of the water tank (1); an elliptical through hole is opened in the middle of the bottom surface of the spray barrel (33), and the top end of the flexible water outlet pipe (43) passes through the elliptical through hole and is connected to the annular pipe (4).

5. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third ear seat (38) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right port of the spray barrel (33), a third pin shaft (39) is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the third ear seat (38), a second motor (45) with an output end facing outward is fixedly provided at the bottom of the right side wall of the second side plate (32), a rotating disk (46) is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the second motor (45) and is concentrically fixedly connected, an eccentrically distributed fourth pin shaft (47) is fixedly provided on the outer side surface of the rotating disk (46), a reciprocating swing arm (48) is hingedly provided at the middle part of the right side wall of the inclined plate (3), a fourth elliptical pin hole is opened on the reciprocating swing arm (48), and the outer end portions of the third pin shaft (39) and the outer end portions of the fourth pin shaft (47) are respectively slidably inserted into the fourth elliptical pin hole.

6. The dust suppression device for earthwork excavation according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top surface of the water tank (1) is provided with fixed sliding holes at four corners, the bottom surface of the horizontal plate (2) is provided with fixed sliding rods (11) at four corners, the bottom end of each fixed sliding rod (11) is slidably inserted into the corresponding fixed sliding hole, the bottom surface of the water tank (1) is provided with rollers at four corners, and a water inlet is provided at the top of the left side wall of the water tank (1).

7. The dust suppression method of the dust suppression device for earth excavation according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: inject an appropriate amount of water into the water tank (1) through the water injection port, and synchronously start a pair of electric telescopic cylinders (17), control the telescopic rods of the electric telescopic cylinders (17) to shorten, drive the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) to slide downward, and the U-shaped double-sided rack (18) engages to drive the fixed gear (15) and the fixed swing arm (16) to swing upward along the axis of the fixed shaft; Under the limiting action formed by the first pin shaft (13) and the first elliptical pin hole and the second elliptical pin hole, the U-shaped bracket (12) is driven to slide upward along the rectangular sleeve (14), and the fixed slide rod (11) is simultaneously driven to slide upward along the fixed slide hole, and the horizontal plate (2), the inclined plate (3), and the spray barrel (33) are driven to rise to any position within the travel range of the electric telescopic cylinder (17); Step 2, starting the first motor (54), the motor shaft of the first motor (54) drives the double-notch gear (55) and a pair of fan-shaped gears (57) to rotate synchronously, the double-notch gear (55) meshes to drive the driven gear (51) and the driven turntable (52) to rotate along the axis of the driven shaft (5), and then the double-notch gear (55) is disengaged from the driven gear (51), a fan-shaped gear (57) is meshed with the driven gear (51) and the rotation is briefly suspended, and then the fan-shaped gear (57) drives the driven gear (51) to rotate along the notch of the double-notch gear (55); Then, the double-notch gear (55) meshes again to drive the driven gear (51) and the driven rotating disk (52) to rotate, and then the double-notch gear (55) and the driven gear (51) are disengaged again, and the other sector gear (57) meshes with the driven gear (51) and briefly pauses in rotation, so that within a complete meshing cycle of the double-notch gear (55) and the driven gear (51), the driven gear (51) and the driven rotating disk (52) briefly pause in rotation twice; Step three, under the limiting action formed by the second pin shaft (53) and the third elliptical pin hole, the reciprocating slide plate (23) and the pair of T-shaped slide blocks (24) are driven to slide back and forth along the pair of rectangular slide holes, and the reciprocating slide plate (23) is briefly paused when sliding to the leftmost side or the rightmost side; Under the hinged action of a pair of hinged swing arms (27), the tilting plate (3) and the spray barrel (33) are driven to perform reciprocating tilting and swinging along the first ear seat (21) through a pair of first ear seats (21) and a pair of second ear seats (26); when the tilting plate (3) swings to a maximum tilting angle and a minimum tilting angle, the tilting plate (3) and the spray barrel (33) both briefly pause in swinging; Step 4, starting the second motor (45), the motor shaft of the second motor (45) drives the rotating disk (46) and the fourth pin shaft (47) to rotate synchronously, under the limiting action formed by the third pin shaft (39), the fourth pin shaft (47) and the fourth elliptical pin hole, the fourth pin shaft (47) drives the reciprocating swing arm (48) to swing back and forth along the fourth elliptical pin hole, and the reciprocating swing arm (48) then drives the third pin shaft (39), the third ear seat (38) and the spray barrel (33) to reciprocate, one of the rotating rings (34) reciprocates along the large diameter through hole, and the other rotating ring (34) reciprocates along the small diameter through hole; Step 5, starting the booster pump (42). Under the action of the booster pump (42), the water in the water tank (1) flows along the flexible water inlet pipe (44) into the booster pump (42) to be pressurized, and then flows along the flexible water outlet pipe (43) into the annular pipe (4), and forms atomized water droplets through the atomizing nozzle (41); synchronously starting the booster fan (36). Under the action of the booster fan (36), the plurality of spiral blades (37) are driven to rotate at a high speed. Under the strong action of the spiral blades (37), the outside air flows along the left port of the spray barrel (33) and carries the atomized water droplets to be ejected through the right port of the spray barrel (33), and performs dust reduction operation on the dust in the surrounding air.

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